Evening Republican, Volume 14, Number 236, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 4 October 1910 — Page 2

HAPPENINGS IN THE CITIES

Greater New York’s Increased Needs

NEW YORK.—That the New York city government has, in some ways at least, kept pace with the city’s gjrowth as shown in the census returns is manifest from a budget study compiled by the city statisticians. The census returns show an increase in the population of 38.7 per cent. In the same ten-year period the city budget has grown from $90,778,972 to $163,030,270 —an increase of over 74 per pent. The figures estimated for the expenditure of the actual city, as apart from the county, were for 1900 $79,201,763, and for 1910 $158,775,145, or 94 per cent increase. The increased cost in the city government is partly accounted for, according to the budget officials, by the widened scope of municipal enterprise. For example, ten years ago Jhe domestic relations courts in Manhattan and Brooklyn, the special schools for defective children or tuberculosis patients and the establishment of playgrounds were entirely outside the general conception of what the city government should do. The expense of maintaining the city's police force has increased more than a third in the decade. The board of education now requires twice as much as in 1900—528,500,000, instead

Souvenir Postal Saves Heir $20,000

CHICAGO. —An unusual story of a lost heir to a $3,000,000 estate, whose chance mailing of a souvenir post card will bring him $20,000, was revealed in the probate court —the other day The man is Cornelius Carney, now a resident of Oklahoma City, who was thought to have perished in the San Francisco earthquake and fire in April, 1906. The stbry he told in court ran like this: He was born 30 years ago in Troy, N. Y., a member of a large family whose head, John Carney, was - for more noted for his convivial habits than for his thrift and industry. Consequently the little Carneys found life in Williams street alley a struggle in which dirt and want were daily factors. After being very bad for a —long -time -the condition of the Carney family became worse, and Cornelius was sent to a childreri’s asylum. There wasn’t much in life in Williams street alley but liberty—there was plenty of that —and the comparative comfort of the asylum couldn’t

Ants Are Driving Kansans From Home

W! CHITA, Kan. —Grasshoppers, chinch bugs and Hessian flies, and a few other such pests, have visited Kansas in bygone days, eaten the crops, trimmed the leaves off the trees and driven more or less hardy pioneers back to their wives’ folks in the East, but never until this year have ants in sufficient numbers been noticed to cause people to desire to leave their once happy homes in the Sunflower State. From several towns come reports of ants in such numbers as to cause actual worry by the inhabitants. The people are not unaccustomed to the little black ant and the red ant which visit the sugar bowl occasionally, but they can’t account for the swarms of all sorts and breeds of ants which are

Hog Raising a Social Eccentricity

LONDON. —Women of title, jaded by the fatigues of the season, are being offered unique opportunities for calming their overwrought nerves. Lady Wolseley, head of the Ladies’ Park club, has conceived the happy idea of enabling the blue-blooded members to live as farm hands. The retreat that has been provided for them is far from the madding crowd, in an antique country house in Middlesex county. Duchesses tired of the social whirl go there to commune with nature and to enjoy the delightful luxury of plain fare. Life on the farm will be almost severe, for the spoiled darlings of society. They are not allowed to play

of $14,600,000. The street-cleaning department spends 50 per cent mor 57,500,000, instead of $5,000,000. The health department’s appropriation has grown 125 per cent —from $1,050,000 to $2,750,000. The fire department costs SO per cent more—sß,lso,ooo, in place of $4,850,000 •" ; 1 ... Figures for church membership in Greater New York compiled by local organizations show that the number of church members for the five borthe new population figures. In 1900 oughs is 1,310,421, or 37.2 per cent of there were 1,233,677 members of Christian churches. This was 35.9 per cent of the population. The figures seem to show that the growth in church membership is 1.3 per cent ahead of the population growth. This growth, it is estimated, is divided about evenly between Protestants and Roman Catholics. At present it is calculated that there are 440,783 Protestants to 869,648 Roman Catholics. A remarkable fact in the religious work of the city has been the growth of the Lutheran church, its’ additional churches since 1855 having been 22 per cent of those built in Greater New York. Next to it comes the Protestant Episcopal church, which has built ninety-three churches to the Lutherans’ 113. There are at least 66 separate Christian bodies at work in New York, of which the four which obtain the largest tax exemptions on account of property are the Roman Catholic, the Protestant Episcopal, the Presbyterian and the Jewish.

compensate Cornelius for the loss of his freedom, so when he was old enough to care for himself—l 3 years old, to be exact—Cornelius ran away and started out to see the world. After several years of wandering, Charley enlisted in the United States marine corps. He served for six years, and in that time visited every port you ever heard of and more besides. Early in 1906 Carney was in China and wrote home that he was sailing soon for San Francisco. That was the last his relatives heard of him in years. In 1908 Mrs. Anna F. Baker, who was Mrs. Carney’s sister, died in Chicago, leaving an estate of $3,000,000, of which a considerable part went to the Carney children, who had grown up and prospered in Troy. To settle up the estate it was necessary to find Cornelius alive or prove him dead, and one was about as hard a task as the other. Finally the courts decided Cornelius was dead —although he was married and living in Oklahoma. Within a short time Cornelius’ share in his aunt’s estate would have gone to Cook county, but just in the nick of time Cornelius sent a souvenir post card to.his sister, Mrs. Lizzie Pratt of Troy, who at once wrote him that he was an heir to his aunt’s estate. In court Carney proved his heirship and will get the $20,000 before long.

now in evidence. Kiowa and other towns in Harper county tell of the visits of the ants. Almost the entire residence portion of Kiowa, a town of more than one thousand Inhabitants, is in the grasp of untold millions of ants. At first the earth seemed literally to be alive with them. There were big aflts, little ants, red ants, blond ants and brunette ants. They all seemed to be hungry and they got into the houses. Not content with the food in the pantries, they, infested carpets, beds, chewed clothing to pieces and caused a great deal of havoc. Openwork stockings and porous uqdvrwear had to be abandoned for close-knit clothing by the residents, because the ants didn’t remain on the floor or in the beds, but swarmed over human beiqgs. In certaiA sections of the town families actually moved out to get away from the ants, thinking it wag cheaper to move than to lose their household goods'. Others are devoting their time to fighting the pests by fumigating the houses and inundating the floors.

bridge or to smoke cigarettesv,within the charmed walls of the farmhouse. But there is nothing to prevent a countess from sneaking away to enjoy a whiff in the cow shed. Titled farm hands may also disport themselves among the poultry, and carry feed to hungry hogs. Experts are on the premise", to teach bee keeping, bread making, how to run a poultry farm and how to spin. It Isn’t compulsory for countesses to kill fowls for the market, though wayward fancy may lead them to enliven their week-ends by waiting on the pigs. Spinning is included in the category of interests, because spinning is held to be such a restful and poetic occupation. Spinning wheels have been Imported from Scotland and lessons are given at $1.50 by a proficient instructress. The role of shepherdess at the farm Is popular, but the most amused people on th£ premises are the rustics who do the real work.

DRINKS IN HISTORY

IMPORTANT PARTS PLAYED BY GOBLETS OF LIQUOR. Sir Philip Sidney and the Dying Soldier—Tragic Part of Cup of Wine in Murder of Edward the Martyr. The proposal jpf the Dutch to erect at Zutphen a statue to Sir Philip Sidney recalls to a London writer the world-famed episode of the dying soldier, with which his death is inseparably connected. It occurred when that Paladin, on September 22, 1586, received his death wound before the walls of Zutphen. Parched -with thirst, he called for a drink. Ae he was putting the bottle to his mouth his eyes fell upon a desperately woquded soldier, who, as he was being carried past, threw him longing glances, “which Sir Philip perceived, took the bottle from his lips before he drank, and delivered to the poor man with these words: ‘Thy necessity is yet greater than mine.’ ” In the murder of Edward the Martyr, in 979, a cup of wine played a tragic part. Wearied with his hunting the young monarch was persuaded to seek refreshment at Corfe castle, in Dorsetshire, the abode of his stepmother, the widowed Queen Elfrida. Upon his entrance she greeted him with a kiss, and then, as he resisted her invitation to dismount, brought from the castle a goblet of wine. Even as the king raised his goblet one of her retainers drew his dagger and, with fatal effect, plunged it into his neck. During the naval engagement at San Juan the Jesus, which was under the command of Sir John Hawkins, was attacked by almost overwhelming odds. Both by word and deed did the admiral encourage his men, and once when their spirits seemed to flag, he bade his page fetch him a cup of beer. This was brought to him in a silver goblet, out of which he drank to his crew, “willing the gunners stand by their ordinance like mein” Scarce had he finished the draught and held the cup aside when it was struck by a ball from one of the Spaniards’ ships and carried away.

Every June the quaint old town of Rothenburg celebrates by a costume festival, which goes by the name of “Meister-Drank,” the mighty feat of a former town councillor who, in 1631, saved the town from destruction. In that year Rothenburg fell before the arms of the savage Tilly, who at the head of his forces entered the vanquished town, where at' the town hall he gave orders for the execution of the civic magistrates. Before, however, the doomed men were led forth to the scaffold, the Burgomaster’s daughter presented herself, bearing an immense flagon of wine, out of which the conqueror drank and passed it round to his officers. All quenched their thirst, and yet the flagon was only but half empty. Seeing this the fair Hebe remarked that one of the councillors present was able to empty the stoup at a draught. “If such be the case,’’ cried Tilly, turning to the condemned magistrates, “I will pardon you all for the drinker’s sake. Fill the flagon to the brim.” This was done, and then one of the city’s magistrates, stepping forward, seized the vessel, raised it to his lips, and neither drew breath nor set it down until he had quaffed its contents to the last drop. Then only did he reverse the flagon in proof that the feat had been accomplished. Tilly kept his word, and every year, in commemoration of their deliverance, do the citizens of Rothenburg enact over again this famous event in their town’s history.

Oblivion Is Right on the Job.

Mr. Gerald Stanley Lee has experienced woe in a library. Writes he: “I fell to thinking the other day, when I had slipped into the Forbes Library, that all the documents that we produce nowadays are being saved as they never have been saved before. I fell to thinking for a second, as I stood there just where the echo is, by the door, of what it all meant. I thought of a Springfield Republican 4,000 years old. I was oppressed. Formed ages may not have been clever, but they did manage in one way and another to have fair and reasonable conveniences for forgetting. . And I thought of my own innocGnt woolly-lamb works, of the people ten years away, perchance, who would be struggling with them, and it came to me mercifully that oblivion would be attended to, that It could depended upon sometime.” So it came, and Mr. Lee may cheer up. Not all the wood pulp is consumed as breakfast food. Most of it goes to make paper. Owing to its extreme lack of durability, it may be said to promise oblivion by the carload, expressage paid. Don’t write for posterity. Wood pulp paper won’t last. Imitate Charles Lamb, who said, “Hang the age- I’ll write for antiquity!”—Boston Transcript.

The Reproof.

It was In the midst of the football season, and the students of Professor Blank’s class, well aware that their lesson had been neglected, were prepared for reproof, but not for just the way in which it came. At the end of the hour he slammed down his book on the desk and exclaimed: “Well, that’s the worst recitation I ever listened to! Why, I’ve actuallydone nine-tenths of it myself!”

WALL STREET A LONG STREET

Influence of Great Financial Center la Felt Everywhere in America.

I speak imaginatively, of course, but carefully, says Lincoln Steffens in Everybody’s. Wall street is, not merely a street; neither is it financial limited to the operation of any one city. Wall street is a national institution. It is to American business what Washington, D. C„ is to national politics—the seat of government. And so I use the phrase, as all the world uses it and~as we all use “Washington,” figuratively. By “Wall street” I mean the national American financial system which, having its capital in New York, ramifies all over the United States, and, controlling more and more perfectly money and credit, is governing more and more completely not only the machinery cf organized business, but so much of our political government as big business governs. Nor is that all. -'“Wall street” cut a woman in New York society not long ago for business reasons. It admitted into the “best set” of San Francisco, for the “moral effect,” a family that had knocked in vain until the head of it was “handed down in a swell list of indictments.” It has had 'clergymen silenced, editors discharged, processors dismissed. Judges appointed, United States senators defeated and presidents elected. Organized capital opposes organized labor and trusts have broken up unions, but organized business backs nearly every political organization in power in cities, states and the United States. People don’t realize —it seems to me that Wall men fail themselves to visualize—either the pettiness or the largeness of Wall street. Yet we all know that capitalists and business men who belong to the business system own an influential part of the press and advertise in the rest; they retain the leaders of the bar and awe the who profession; they are the greatest employers of labor and they set the pace for others; they are the*, chief patrons of art, churches, charities and colleges. They dominate the institutions of American society in a broad sense and in a narrow sense they and their families are “society.” I am not finding fault. This thing may be good. I am inclined to think it is. Certainly there is great good in it and undoubtedly some good will come out of it. But it is too big to prejudice and we have had enough both of hatred and adoration of it. My purpose is, if possible, to measure its power and imagine its outline; to trace its ramifications, describe its methods, get hold of its point of view and so comprehend it, not in technical detail, but as one mighty whole.

Didn’t Cook ’Em Right.

"Of all the tasteless, mussy, mudsoaked, greasy fish in the world, the German carp is the worst!” ejaculated one of the piscatorial enthusiasts seated about a tavern fire. “they are all right if cooked right,” disputed another follower of Izaak. “Cooked right! Great leaping tarpons! I’ve et ’em fried in the choicest Jersey butter, broiled with the best country bacon, baked With mountain sage dressing, and toasted on a spruce fork over a camp fire, and I tell you I never bit into a carp when it tasted like anything fit to eat” “Now, the only way to cook a carp,” continued the man with the recipe, “is to clean a nice five-pounder carefully, slash it several times crosswise, and Insert bits of salt pork. Season the whole with melted butter, sprinkle it with pepper and salt, and stuff with onion dressing. Then cut a hemlock board two feet long, two inches thick, and ten inches wide. Lay the fish on this and insert in a red hot oven. Let the fish bake for 30 minutes; then take it out and turn it over. Baste with butter and return to the oven. After 20 minutes take it out carefully, throw the fish away and eat the board.”

Wiles of the Fox.

A chap tells Tip of another fox story that is much harder to believe. His chained pet fox kept catching thq neighbors’ chickens, so he set himself in hiding to see how Reynard did the trick. When the fox was fed. Instead of eating the grub, he would nose and shove it just short of the length of his chain, then he would retire himself into the hiding of his lair or kennel. Pleasantly a bunch of silly chickens would cqme along and get busy, and Brer F6x had fresh, raw, juicy chicken for dinner, instead of the cold, cooked, human putty grub shoved at him with a stick. Although this is the day of dirty, petty, foxy tricks, all life is not a game of chickens and fox. Once in a while there is power and a hero behind the people’s pious wishes and prayers. When that happens the villain goes up Salt river fishing, or to the pen.

Lemonade, Best of Drinks.

Lemonade from tbe juice of fresh fruit is one of the best and safest drinks for any one, whether in health or not. It is useful for most stomach diseases, gravel, liver complaint, and fever. It fs a specific against skin diseases, being one of the best antiscorbutics known. If the gums are rubbed daily with a little lemon Juice it keeps them in good condition, and used for the hands once a day in washing it makes the skin soft and smooth and removed dirty stains. It is good for a cold if taken in hot water on going to bed, and in intermittent fevers it has been found useful when mixed with hot black coffee without sugar.

Life or the Swiss Peasant

SWITZERLAND never grows old or pale. It never wearies its lovers and admirers. It is always beautiful. Surely its people have found the fountain of perpetual youth, for nothing stales its Infinite variety. It is the country of seasonal and perennial attractions, possessing that rare thing that even vandal men cannot destroy. The peasants love their home and in many instances preserve the delightfully quaint customs which so greatly charm the tourist. One would be mistaken to judge these people as ignorant; the constitution of the country enables them to obtain an insight into general state affairs and great care is taken in the education of the young to broaden their knowledge in every direction. Their intelligence, therefore, strikes the visitor as remarkable.

During the summer one is not troubled with snow until one reaches about eight thousand feet altitude. In the winter snow is, however, as low as 2,000 or even 1,000 feet. The white line thus moves high or low according to the season. The pageantry of the season indeed is nowhere else so crowded with delightful surprises in which the people, move in sympathy. The peasants are true to the nature that has mothered them. In the spring the villages are agog and abustle, holding picturesque old-time festivals, preceding the start of the herds to the mountain pastures. The matrons of the herds are provided with melodious bells, globular in form, but thin and light and differing In size from twelve to two inches in diameter. They are as varied in pitch as in size, and their tones mellow into a gentle, harmonious effect without harshness. The herders and the dairy maids meet on the village green to enjoy a day of song and dance. Preparations are made for the summer’s round of activity in the mountains, where, in spite of hard work, an almost idyllic experience is lived by the light-heart-ed peasants. 'The verdant and aromatic pastures, amid these wonderful scenic settings, provide vistas opening on wide horizons of jagged peaks and profound gorges clothed with the rarest verdure. The mountain herdsmen and their comely companions of the churn are hardy and blooming, and song and yodeling continually ease and relieve the labors of the summer when duties are arduous and results imperative. It is a unique and inspiring sight to witness the annual spring parade or procession starting for the mountain pastures. The usual cooking and dairy utensils have to be transported, for these migrants from the vales must remain with their charges in the mountains until the time of return in the fall of the year. They occupy their mountain huts, which are fitted suitably for themselves as well as for the necessary dairying. As soon as the snow begins to disappear from the lower pastures the herder marshals his herd and starts out. In the festive procession the bull leads. On his horns are placed a milk stool, and on his head a chaplet of flowers. He bears, hanging from his neck, the deep-toned bell. These melodious bells are made of alloyed silver. From their tones have originated the imitative yodeling or warbling of the herder—a sudden changing from the falsetto to the chest voice, and vice versa. Following the monarch of the herd comies the queen of the kine, gayly decorated and wearing the best bell of the cows. Every cow has her bell, and so accustomed are they to them that losing them is a disaster, even causing a loss of the “cud.” The Kine know their places.- At the start the strongest and best assert their precedence. They will battle among themselves for the right of way, which, once settled, all is peace. The bell-cow leads in the search for pastures new and she brooks no interference. The mountaineer’s response to the sound of the herder’s Jtfyous yodel is the "alpenhorn,” a long horn, the effect of which must be heard in the Alps to be appreciated. The mountains echo it with infinite sweetness, and the effect is tender and thrilling. The farther the distance from which its tones are heard the more flute-like seems its answer —powerful, mellow. Strong and sweet, it fills the valley, while the echoes are flung weirdly and strangely from the mountain ramparts. In the former times, when the sturdy Schweitzer often had to leave his herds and repel an intruding fdrce, the alpenhorn was the n>?ans of Sum-

moning him to arms. Even now the melody has a haunting sound that seems to speak of martial deeds. “No wonder the sound of the alpenhorn was forbidden during the days when the Swiss served as mercenaries to France and Italy and other countries,” says a writer. "Its sound would cause hundreds of otherwise faithful soldiers to desert for their Alps. And the songs with which Alpine herders call their companions from hill to hill and from crag to crag are of the same nature.” There is a very practical relationship between good singing and good dairying, and this was proved at a farmers' congress at Interlaken, where in a milking contest three days long, the same cows, milked in songless silence, yielded 200 quarts of milk; milked by maids with fair voices, they yielded 220 quarts; milked by maids with the finest voices they yielded 240 quarts. This proof of a fact that had long been suspected at once set a premium on the milkmaids who could sing well. They that coijld not sing well began immediately to study vocalization, and hence Switzerland has many good singing milkmaids. Milking time in the mountain is easily known by the tourist on account of the enormous volume of song that then soars up. Client milking is a crime, and the dairymaid who milks In silence Is certain to lose her position. Swiss maids who apply for places in dairies are examined as strictly in singing as in milking and butter-making. But dairying is only one of the Swiss peasants’ occupations. All over the sides of the mountains are seen the pretty chalets, with their patches of cultivated ground, and every peasant seems to own some land, even though it may be not more than a few square feet, but it is divided off into little plats for the different vegetables like pieces in a crazy quilt. In the valleys are the orchards and pasture land. The mountain farms are steep and rocky and cannot be plowed, „ but are dug up with spades and hoes by women and girls. The women also occasionally cut the grass on the almost perpendicular mountain slopes, bind it into bundles and carry it to the barns on their -backs.

There is scarcely anything so picturesque as a Swiss haymaker with curiously pointed hat. his loose blouse of dark hue and his knee breeches, as he moves about with his rake qver his shoulder. That self-same swain swinging his broad-blamed, straighthandled scythe, while with a swishswash he mows the grass laid before him, makes another graceful figure. The round, rosy cheeks and the simple costume of basque, full short skirt and bright head-dress of the buxom maidens who rake after him render the picture complete. The costumes of these still idyllic peasants are as picturesque as nature. The Bernese peasant girl's coßtume ia beautiful, with its snow-white shirtsleeves rolled up to the shoulder, exposing to view a plump, sunburnt arm. The life of the people, active and intensely human, is filled up with many festive occasions, full of ceremonial traditions. In these they exhibit their national customs and costumes, and the most interesting of them concern affairs nearest the heart. Betrothal, marriage, christening, as well as the many folk affairs, furnish occasiona in which the festive dance is gleefully indulged in. Many a hard day’s work is ended by such a festive gathering, and then it is that the soul of the peasant is wrought forth in his timely acts. * ’ \