Evening Republican, Volume 14, Number 199, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 22 August 1910 — Page 2

TO RAISE FINEST FURS

Project to Keep $14,000,000 From Going Abroad. Dp. C. C. Young Imports Flock of Kar•kule Sheep and Describes Success of Crossing Them With American Breeds. Chicago.—A project designed to keep in the United States the $14,000,000 now going abroad ' annually for the Astrakhan, Persian broadtail and krimmer furs so fashionable among wealthy Americans has been launched by Dr. C. C. Young, a former Chicago physician, now commlsisoner of agriculture for the State of Coabulla, Mexi ico. It Is the breeding of Karakule cheep, the basis of all the fine furs that come from Persia and other portions of Central Asia. He has succeeded in bringing to America after great expense and much trouble, on account of the rigid laws forbidding ■the importation of Asiatic sheep because of the danger of Importing with ,tbem Asiatic diseases, a flock of full*blood Karakules and has begun the of them with American sheep at his ranch at Menor, Coahuila. Dr. Young was born in Bessarabia, la province of south Russia, and there fwas familar as a boy with the KaraIkule sheep which produce the beau(tiful furs, although he then never saw !a full-blood Karakule. He came to America when sixteen years old, took up the study of medicine, was graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1901, and was for a lime on the advisory staff of the Cook County hospital.

SNAKES IN SPORTING CLASS

Pennsylvania Reptiles Make Good at Fishing Trout—Also Attack Farmer’s Pigs. Altoona, Pa.—Two recent incidents prove the Blair county snake to be in the sporting class, though not always quite lucky in his hunting and fishing experiences. Before returning to the city from his summer home at Royer, Postmaster George Fox of this city went down to Piney creek to look for trout. j As Fox was crossing the bridge he heard a commotion at the water's edge and, looking down, saw a water snake trying to swallow a seven-inch trout. Procuring hlB landing pet, for he is a noted fisherman, Fox, assisted by George D. Cook, a Harrisburg merchant, who has been his guest for several days, landed both the snake and the trout. The snake never let go of the trout until a cudgel landed on its neck. The trout later made a nice meal for an Altoona friend. Only the day before an Altoona railroader discovered the same snake, an old inhabitant of the pool, devouring trout, but the reptile got away. Its chief diet for a long time has been trout, it being an adept at catching them. Hearing a pig emitting unearthly squeals, Harry Jones, a farmer, near Ebeusburg,, hastended to his pig stye and was astounded to find one of his pigs encircled by a blacksnake and slowly being squeezed to death. Jones grabbed up a rake and killed the reptile, which measured six feet four inches in length, four inches in diameter and 12 inches in circumference.

Drowsiness in Church.

London. —In a case at Westminister county court the other day a doctor said that drowsiness in church was caused by the continual breathing off of carbolic acid gas. People soon recovered when they got out into the open air, he declared.

HONORS FOR PRESIDENT-ELECT OF BRAZIL

When the throat infection for which he is now receiving treatment made it imperative that he give up his practice in Chicago and live an outdoor life in a southern climate his mind reverted to the Karakule sheep and he decided to occupy his time s with them. He finally surmounted the difficulties in the way of importing the sheep, and he now has a growing flock of them on his Mexican ranch. Recently he described enthusiastically the proportions to which the business may grow in the United States. “The Karakule sheep are the basis of all these fine furs," said Dr. Young, “and the value of the fur depends uipon the percentage of Karakule in It. Crossing/ the Karakule with the common scrub, sheep of Persia, we get the Persian -broadtail. Crossing it with the Astrakhan long-haired sheep we get Astrakhan, and crossing it with the common merino sheep of the Crimea we get the krimmer fur. “These sheep, however, are vastly inferior to the sheep of the United States, and I decided that by crossing the Karakule sheep with various brands of American sheep I would get even better fur that, produced in the United States, would be marketable at a profit at a far lower price than is pail for the Persian furs. My experiments so far have more than justithis conclusion.” Dr. Young exhibited some of the pelts he has taken from the lambs resulting from the crosses between the American sheep and the imported Karakules. The crosses between the Lincolnshire and Shropshire and the Karakule have given a fur that is of a far finer texture and much more beautiful luster than the imported furs.

HOW TO KEEP BUTTER PURE.

London Firm Sells Microbes to Be Introduced Into Cream to Kill Decay Germs. London. —Inoculated butter —guaranteed, to keep fresh for months —into which millions of beneficial bacteria have been introduced for the purpose of preserving it, will be in common use in the near future, and the part hitherto played by boric acid in butter will henceforward be played by the active microbe. The production of these preservative micro-organisms is the object of a new company, which has recently opened its offices at Cricklewood, and—here large laboratories are being installed for the purpose of raising .millions of billions of bacteria for use in the dairies of the world. The manager of the new company 6aid that the discovery of the preservative microbe was the result of years of scientific research. “Its object,” he said, “is to fight other microbes that are found in butter which have a harmful effect upon it — that of turning it rancid. The only way of combating these germs has hitherto been by the use of preservative chemicals, which are harmful adulterants. “But nowmy firm has succeeded in finding an antidote germ to the harmful one, and by introducing it into the milk before churning butter is made which will keep fresh and pure for a long time. “The inoculation of the milk has the effect, broadly speaking, of setting up a fight between the opposing armies of germs and the bad ones, that would destroy the freshness of the butter, are destroyed by the harmless ones which are introduced.” The microbes are sold in the form of a clear liquid, in small bottles, which is added to buttermilk and prepared in a certain way before use. When the preparation is ready one gallon of it is added to every 20 gallons of cream in

CATS SLAUGHTER GAME BIRDS

Saml-Wild Animals Become Serious Menace In Oregon—Plan for Extermination. v Marshfield, Ore.—Calvin Wright, one of Coos county’s game wardens, gives it as his opinion that the worst enemy of the game birds in this locality is the house cat which has become wild. Mr. Wright has jusC returned from an extensive trip up and down the coast country, and he declares that the cats are doing away with the gaipe birds. Coos county is a great place for cats, both In the cities and the country districts, and they have increased with such rapidity that there are not homes sufficient for all of them. As a consequence the cats have become wild and run in the woods. Mr. Wright says that the increase of these semiwild animals in the woods is much greater than would be imagined. He says that the cats not only break up the nests and kill or drive away the old birds, but that they devour scores of the young before they are able to protect themselves. So great has become the menace that Deputy Wright will take up the cat matter with State Game Warden Stephenson and will advocate the paying of a bounty for the killing of cat* which are not properly confined.

King Inherits Old Shirt.

London. —Some queer royal relics have been brought to light at Windsor castle. Preparations are being made for the addition to the royal library of some exhibition cases for the display of these objects of historic interest. Among the collection is the baby linen used by Charles L and the lace shirt the ill-fated monarch wore on the day of his execution in Whitehall as an extra garment because of the cold.

the butter churn, the rest of the butter making process proceeding in the usual way. The prices of the cultures used in these processes vary from 75 cents to $2.50 a bottle, and full instructions to dairymen are issued with each consignment. The cultures are equally effective in margarine.

IN A BEE-SQUIRREL BATTLE

Prowling Boy Has Time of His Life Defending Himself While Up in a Honey Tree. Germania, Pa. —To have enraged a colony of half a dozen flying squirrels and to have been viciously and disastrously attacked by them was the experience of Harry Sloan, an eighteen-year-old Stewardson township boy, while toe incident as 1 a whole has suddenly disclosed a trait of this type of squirrel that even old woodsmen and hunters never knew .of. Flying squirrels have always been looked upon with more or less contempt, and many gunners utterly refused to shoot them because of a superstition, something akin to that with reference to a white doe, that the killing would bring bad luck to some member of the offender’s family. Young Sloan is an adept at “lining” wild bees and was engaged at that business over in the Kettle creek region when he had the experience of his life. He invaded the tree inhabited by bees and squirrels and the latter attacked him, one after another, as fast as the bees themselves, and equally mad. The little animals bit the boy terribly, one of them inflicting an ugly gash on the eye. Sloan was almost blinded, but he finally groped his way down along the tree to the ground, though the aroused squirrels continued their onslaught until he was squarely upon the ground and able to defend himself with a cudgel.

’ASHINGTON.—Hermes da Fonseca, president elect of Brazil, landed in New York on August 3, and the

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elaborate plans for his entertainment during the month he will spend in this country, are being carried out Charge ffllvr, of the Brazilian embassy arranged for his presentation to President Taft at Beverly, and Immediately after that formality the distinguished visitor went to Valley Forge, Pa., so meet Secretary Knox. Later Gen. da Fonseca, who is an accomplished soldier, was taken to West Point and Annapolis to inspect the academies there.

FROZEN SALADS FOR LUNCH

Cool Dainties Not Freakish and Are Inexpensive and Always Palatable. — A “frozen salad” is not a freak in cookery, neither is it an expensive luxury. It is merely the 'latest and most appetizing way to serve vegetables in very hot weather. A mayonnaise jelly, a chilled aspic or a sherbet of vegetable juices justifies the name, but in no way indicates the tempting qualities of these eccentrically named delicacies. A mayonnaise jelly may be served ■with any frozen salad. Mixed with cubes of celery, cucumbers or any cold cooked vegetables, it may be moulded in forms or cups and served on lettuce; or it may be used to garnish any ordinary soft salad. To make mayonnaise beat one egg, season it to taste with salt and pepper, mix with half a cup of olive oil, one-eighth teaspoon of mustard, and one teaspoon of granulated gelatin In cold water, dissolve it in hot,-'and mix with the mayonnaise; harden in a Bhallow pan and cut in fancy shapes or chill in moulds of fancy form. For a frozen tomato salad, stew one quart of tomatoes with a slice of onion or any seasoning* preferred, and strain when cold. Add a few drops of lemon and vinegar and freeze like a sherbet. Prepare the hearts of lettuce, arrange on a salad plate and serve with cones of the frozen tomato. For a frozen cheese salad strain one Jar of pressed currants to remove the seeds. Mix with cream cheese to the consistency of a smooth thin custard. Freeze and serve upon lettuce garnished with rings cut from olives.

Black Walnut Catsup.

Prick and lay in brine for two weeks as for pickle, exchanging the brine three times a week. Every other day drain the salt and water from the nuts; put them into a wooden tray and pound with a potato beetle into small pieces. Return to the brine. When the two weeks are up you should have—when the brine is drained off—a fine black paste. Have ready this pickle: For each of the nut paste allow a cupful of vinegar and the same of strong brine, a tablespoonful of sugar, a teaspoonful each of onion juice and grated horseradish, two teaspoonfuls each of ground cloves and mace and a tablespoonful each of ground ginger and black pepper. Mix all well together and put over the fire. Cook steadily, stirring often, for two hours. Run through a sieve;'cool and'bottle, Seal with beeswax and resin. This catsup will be ready for use in six weeks, and will keep for ten years In a dark, cool place.

Peaches in Turkish Mode.

Peaches cooked in Turkish fashion are served with boiled rice. Peel the peaches by plunging them in boiling water, then remove the stone through slit in one side, without injuring the shape of the peach. . Fill hollows with seeded raisins and arrange in baking dish; sprinkle liberally With sugar and set in hot oven 20 minutes. Have ready a dish lined with boiled rice. Spread over it peaches, and serve with dressing made of cocoanut milk thickened with cornstarch and sweetened with granulated sugar.

To Keep Milk and Butter.

Place butter in a bowl or small jar and cover with a saucer; set this and the bottle of milk in a rather deep pan and pour in enough cold water to half fill the pan, then fold a linen towel or piece of tablecloth twice, dip in cold water, and spread dripping wet over the bottle and bowl, with the edges of cloth in the water. Set the pan where the air can circulate. The milk will keep sweet all day and the butter will be nice when wanted even in the hottest weather.

Washing Crepe de Chine.

Washing crepe de chine is no more ,6 difficult than to wash a frock of colored muslin. If tepid water and good soap are used with care it ■will come from the laundry as triumphantly as a piece of white linen. Do not let it lie in the water longer than is absolutely necessary, rin&e thoroughly, and when half dry press pn the wrong side with a medium hot Iron. If of a delicate color the garment must be dried in a shady place after pressing.

Sweet Omelets.

Sweet omelets are varieties of plain omelet in which sugar is used instead CD) of salt and pepper and in which the fillings and garnishings consists of sweets, equally appropriate for any meal and a grand resource as emergency desserts. With a simple sweet omelet as the basis any material at hand may be used, so its possibilities are practically without limit.

Watermelon Sweet Pickles.

Layer of grape leaves, layer of rind; sprinkle teaspoonful of alum, cover with water, and let simmer on stove until clear. Set aside to cool. To one pound of rind take one pound of sugar, one-half pint vinegar, six cloves, four sticks of cinnamon, and a email piede of white ginger root. Boil rind and sirup 3d minutes and can <while hot

Date Cream.

Date cream is easily prepared and highly recommended for children. Remove the Btones from the dates, cut them rather fine and put them into a glass dish. Cover with stiffly beaten cream and place the dish near the lc® for 30 minutes.

THE ISLAND of TUTUILA

O LITTLE has been written of the Samoan islands that many American citizens are not even aware that to the United States government belongs the finest

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coaling station, at one of the most strategic points in the south seas. Dating back to the early part of the year 1899, the two rival factions of Samoa, the “Tumua,” or party led by Chief Mataafa, and the Matua, or party led by Chief Malietoa, held a K fono” or mass meeting at Apia, on the island of Upolu. Both Mataafa and Malietoa aspired to the throne of Samoa, and the object of this meeting was to settle the dispute and place the rightful king on the throne, writes Eugene D. Park, Jr., yeoman, U. S. N., in Los Angeles Times. The decision, when rendered, declared Malietoa to be the reigning king of Samoa, and this decision was upheld by the United States, Germany and England. Mataafa now became hostile, and fell back with his followers, the Turnup faction. After this ensued the engagements between the United States, Germany and England with Malietoa on the one side and Mataafa and his rebels on the other. The trouble was finally brought to an end and adjusted through a commission sent by the three countries and the representative from the United States must have been a splendid diplomat to have secured Tutuila. This commission conceded to Germany the island of Upolu, on whose shores the town of Apia is situated, to England was given the ’ island of Savaii, which Germany later gained possession of in exchange for her treaty rights to Tonga, and for the United States was obtained the islands of Tutuila and Manua, Whatever attraction Manua had I do not kuow, but in getting possession, of Tutuila the United States secured the prize grab of Neptune’s south sea collection, for here is located the navigable and land-locked harbor of Pago-Pago; in fact, it is the only harbor in Samoa where a vessel could seek adequate protection from storms. This harbor is commodious enough to shelter a fleet and the Pacific fleet, seven cruisers and seven torpedo boats, rode at anchor here without inconvenience. Since a ship must be allowed enough floating space to swing completely around her anchor with the change of tide, it can be plainly seen that the harbor of PagoPago is a valuable aid to the United States. As the harbor opens to view to the eyes of the visitor it presents a beautiful aspect, one which is simultaneously grand, awe-inspiring, quaint and restful. Being completely surrounded by high mountains, the harbor seems like < the gigantic crater of some extinct volcano which, in its final struggle for existence, expired with one last rend which tore out a narrow channel to the Pacific, allowing that peaceful old mother of oceans to sweep in and put an end to all volcanic disturbances. Along the entire distance around the shore ckn be seen groups of native houses, rearing themselves against a background of towering hills, whose sides present the aspect of an Impenetrable jungle. When ashore for the first time in Tutuila one is both surprised and pleased at his reception by the natives. Their hospitality seems unbounded. As_you walk by any Samoan house you are cordially invited to enter. A clean mat will be spread for you to sit cross-legged upon, you will be treated to the best that the house affords, and usually the maid of tho house will make you a bowl of kava, the national drink. After you have been feted and praised until you imagine that you are the original bale of virtues, your glowing opinion of the Samoan’s keen insight into human nature and your first impressions of his noble hospitality are rudely nipped in the bud by finding that all his attentions and praises wer® simply a commercial transaction on his part t for he fully expects yoi£to reimburse him two for one for every little trouble he may have gone to to entertain you, and for many that h® has not. If you should fail to “come across” with the expected filthy lucre, he will not hesitate to tell you about your deficiency, and after that, if you are still going to stick to the established standards of mistaken t father and mother taught you tp uphold, these hospitable Samoans will accompany your disorderly retreat vitfc derisive exclamations

and cat calls. On the other hand, if you submit to extortion rather than take any unworthy advantage over, an ignorant savage, you will be invited to come again. The furnishinigs of a Samoan house/ are simple in the extreme, and, during! the day consist only of rough mats* spread upon the coral floor. When ai Samoan wishes to build a house H utilizes the services of all his “aigas,* or relatives, and everything is manu-J factored from the crude material! gathered from the hillsides. The floorl plan of the house is of an oval shape.; This space is leveled off And covered* with broken bits of coral which are| gathered in abundance on the beach,/ by the women. Surrounding thiol floor space a set of poles are secured! in an upright position, reaching to a, height of about six feet. In the cen-j ter two or three large upright poles,} usually about one foot in diameter byj fifteen to twenty feet in length, arej secured, and from these to the tops! of the outer supports the framework! of the roof is built. .. As the Samoans have no nails they] have devised a method of making a! very serviceable kind of fiber cordLj Jhe old men collect a quantity of co-i coanut fiber, which they roll between! hand and knee to the thickness of ordinary cotton string, after which they braid and splice it together into * great rolls. Thesp rolls are cut from as needed. This, then, Is the means of binding and lashing the roof together and securing it to the uprights. Then sugar-cane leaves are gathered, doubled, laced, braided and finished into little mats, about three feet long by fifteen inches wide.] When a sufficient number of theseare ready the roof is thatched with! them after the method of shingling a! house, allowing the eaves to extendi over a distance of two feet. This' forms a most efficient protection between the Samoan and his country’s] prodigious rainfall. A Samoan house has the advantage over an American home, inasmuch as; it can be opened on all sides or oni any one side at the discretion of thei family. The posts surrounding the floor space are set at a distance of] about 2% feet apart and a curtain; is formed for each individual space! thus created by using small mats, similar to the thatching mats except that these are made of cocoanutj leaves instead of sugar cane. These little mats are arranged over the openings in suoh a manner that they overlap and will readily fold up shut-i terwise. In this manner any of the spaces between these many posts can be opened to or closed against the: weather by merely pushing up the curtain and securing it or by unloosing it with a light pull at a bow knot and letting it drop. Mats are then spread ovei* the coral floor and the house is complete. It* is generally the custom to celebrate the completion with a “fla-fla,” or feast. Aside from chests, boxes, etc., for the storage of personal property, the furnishings consist only of the prerequisites of peaceful slumber, “tainamus,” sleeping mats, and bamboo pillows. A “tainamu” Is a mosquito protectlon, box shaped and about 6*4 feet In length by four feet in width by i slx feet in height. To this small loops are fastened along the tops of the two sides and through these loops two cords are stretdhed, allowing several feet extra at each end of the “tainamu” to extend and tie to the sides of the house, at a level with the tops of the'’uprights, thereby suspending the “tainamu” directly over the sleeping mat During the day the sleeping mats are rolled up and set aside and the bottom of the “tainamu” is twisted and thrown over the taut top. The sleeping mats differ from those'tosed during the day, inasmuch as they are softer, finer woven and much larger. The bam bob pillow strongly reminds me of the days of the Spanish inquisition, but custom and natural inclination have taught the Samoan to “lay me down and sleep” in any old place and at any old time. Td make tjiese pillows, a piece <4 straight bamboo about two feet bfi three inches In diameter is obtained into which f are driven two smir pegs at each end in the manner -o> an inverted “V.” The pillow is then complete and when used 'ln sleeping throws the neck into an angle ai about forty-five degrees from thebody. This may be comfortable to • Samoan, but I think an American, used to bodily comforts when he doei'. rest, would prefer some scrap iron.