Evening Republican, Volume 14, Number 29, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 3 February 1910 — Page 3

FARMERS CORNER

The MUkldC SHedf A plan that has been proven successful, not only In the improvement of the milk, but In the sftving of the manure, is to have a separate barn or shed to do the milking in. This can be a comparatively cheap structure, ®8 it would be intended to keep -the cows in it only during the process of milking, The barn, however, should be constructed in a substantial and sanitary way. After the cows are milked they are turned into a roomy shed or barn, where they remain loose and can eat forage or lie- down at will. Thete are in this shed racks and troughs for feeding hay and ensilage in. In the milking shed the cows are fastened by means of rigid stanchions, and the feed mangers, where the concentrates are fed, are built high enough to prevent the cow from lying down, thus she remains clean until the milking is done. The floors should be of concrete, and there should be a gutter behind the cows. These stables should be thoroughly cleaned out each day, and, if .possible, washed occasionally, so that there will be as few flies as possible and no offensive odors. There should be no hay or feed stored in thla barn and. it should, ha. well-ventlr lated, so that the air will be pure and free from dust. v This is about the most practical way to keep cows clean. The feeding shed, which could really should be the lower floor of the main feed barn, should be well ventilated and bedded, for in there the cows are allowed to run at large and the manure is allowed to accumulate, being covered up each day with new bedding. This plan saves absolutely all of the manure with the least amount of handling, it being hauled directly to the land in the spring.—Southern Agriculturist. Method of Polllnar Stomps. A very bandy device for “putting ■tumps from old orchards, and can pull 200 or more a day by thfs means, is shown. The limbs are off and

FOB PULLING STUMPS.

the stumps (E) left as long as possible. A short rope or chain with a single pulley is attached to the stump. The anchor rope or chain with a single pulley is attached to the top of stump (C). The anchor rope (B) which runs through the pulley is fastened to the bottom'of a stout stump (A). A pair of steady horses is attached to the rope and always pull toward the anchor stump. With a steady pull there is no Jumping or jerking, and they will walk right off as if pulling a loaded wagon. Use about sixty feet of ope-inch rope, which costs $2.40 and the pulley $1.75, making a total cos£ of s4ils. Better Breeding Bach Time. No line of breeding requires more thought and -study than horse breeding. This is why so many fail in producing the highest types. One of the essentials is knowing the type of sire to breed the mare to. Many farmers will breed a light mare to a heavy horse or the very opposite, and the result 1b nothing tangible in the way of improvement. Every farmer should know what kind, of an animal he has and be able to select a sire to breed her to that will give an improved offspring. With a'proper selection made here the remainder will be easy. It is well to note at the outset that no horse is absolutely perfect. Every animal has some defect, be it large or small. The defects in the mare should therefore be carefully noted, and the sire selected should be especially strong in the weak points the mare may have, it should be hardly necessary to mention that it is never a good plan to cross breeds. JTo make a success of the business the horse breeder must select one breed and stick to it. OoTerawcat Willing te Help. Many a farm can be made to yield a larger profit, by laying out the fields differently and planning, a rotation of various crops. The tiovernmftnt will be glad to send pamphlets to farmers suggesting how this may be done, and will furnish special information for individual cases where desired. Farmers ought to avail themselves more fully of the splendid services of the Government agricultural experts than they do. Hog* tor Tnrnlng Over Money. The hog coqiptenda itself to the general farmer on account of its prolific qualities. A sow will produce two litters of six* to a dozen each per year and the farmer can turn his money over several times with hogs While be is waiting .for other animals to mature. Hogs require a little more cars at thnds than ether some animals, but

the man who likes to work with them and is wiling to atudy their needs and give them regular care will find them a most profitable adjunct tp the faAh. They can be turned Into money or fopd as the owner chooses. ' ' To Simplify Sngar Beef Culture. The Department of Agriculture is experimenting, with a view to obtaining a single germ beet seed* Last year’s investigations were successful in increasing the percentage of the single germ seed - to 50 per cent, as compared to 26 per cent for the year previous. By methods of selection from single-seed plants this percentage may be stilj further increased. r The ultimate establishment of a-sin-gle germ beet will revolutionise sugar beet growing, since the several sprouts sent up by the ordinary seed, all of which must V® carefully removed by hand, constitutes the most difficult problem in beet raising. HandV Barrow for Winter. I have had many a tussle in trying to push a»wheelbarrow through drifts

of snow. My pigpen is some distance from the other I buildings, and it is I very necessary to have sdme sort of conveyance for the feed. After having tried my patience to the limit for sev-

USEFUL BARROW.

tried my patience to the limit for several winters, I flnajTy devised the scheme' shown in the cut. I made a large runner and put it on the barrow in place of the wheel. This skips over the snow in fine shape, and runs fully as easy as a wheel does on solid ground.—-C. W. Beecher in' Farm and Home. Butter ’from Sweet Cream. The quality of butter seems more affected by' the degrees of ripeness at which the cream is churned than by any other one thing. It is now becoming the fashion in some quarters to churn sweet cream. It is said that the butter keeps longer and some like it better, though moderate degree of ripeness produces butter -of the most popular flavor. It Is well known that over-ripe cream makes an ill-flavored butter, and the wonderTs that soxnuch of it is produced. Negligence and procrastination account for most of it Swine ttreedinsr. A swine breeder of experience and good judgment says: “The best show pig may come from the smallest sow in the herd, but It is not-safe, as a rule,-to select breeders from that class. We want the most sise }n the shortest time, and' can safely. forego, a little of the fattening tendency, provided we secure in the prospective breeder ranginess %nd a tendency to growth. I don’t care how good the* individual, if only three or four' pigs were farrowed in the litter I would not reserve one of them for a breeder.” Trlmmlnff Fruit Trees, Apple trees and other fruit trees that were trimmed In the winter and spring will "produce sprouts around the scars the following summer. Much future labor may be saved If the orchard is gone over every few weeks during the summer and these sprouts rubbed off. or cut off. Not.allowing them to grow will conserve the food supply of the tree, and it will be use* for growth’ in desired branches. parrel Traps for Rata. Two effective devices for trapping rats are made with barrels as shown here. Coarse brown paper, with cross

slits, Is stretched across the barrel head in the one case and a light cover of wood hinged on a rod In the other plan. The best bait is usually food of a kind that the rats do not get.in the vicinity. * Farm Note*. Alfalfa Is growing in favor as a rotation cropi < Give the colts plenty of room to run about l|i.' The* plow him. its share In the good roads movement. ** Fit the collar te the horse, not the horse to the collar. Owld are vermin destroyers. Encourage their presence on the farm. On cold nights do not. leave 1 tbe cows out to sleep on the damp ground where they may be chilled. The manurp heap is not the farther’s bank unless he gets it out on the land. Then-it returns goods interest. : ' A fortune is awaiting the propagator of a hardy red raspberry. But quality must be sacrificed for hardiness. Timothy and clover mixed makes' good hay, because the timothy holds the clover up, and the curing t ls easier. If the cows teats have a tendency to get hard, keep a bottle of vaseline handy and use it occasionally to soften the parts. Jtou»d 0»t that the larger vines have no place in the garden? Plant pumpkins and squashes in the larger fields. '. Make every square rod on your form Pteld its quota of profit. Some toe esn be found for even the poor strip*. Study out how you can best use all your land. .. I-'.-.-:.

FACTS IN TABLOID FORM.

6111 ln th ® mornkv jrtil, outlive ftp we rs cut later_ in the fliy' jahe vjjjrd “mikado” slgnifleffi erne*' thing like "the sacred gate” q*| s rae 7 sublime porte.” i A man’s* friends are something! like 11 natural gas: when he needs them most, the supply is apt to fbn short. Chicago now has a law which makes traction companies return theffSjnes 4s passengers who SfiTkon a car fijficjh. If. det&igSg -Wl wfMB or mora. fS | 9 ! jthi» Lhw»lns®fsJ( England court ordered a man, who wasKjwlng S9O to a money lender, to jgiy the debt ln Installments of 2 cents a month, at which rate it will take 305 years to pay off the sum, VfflFT bur !*?S of a gas main ln Horseferry . road, Westminster, London, led ; to the serious pilhS jor a number residents in the locality. The gas company provided the sufferfrfjwjtk^a^edleal aid and milk. The ownec-of a good library solemnly warned -4 friend against the tlce of lending books. To punctuate his advice he showed his friend thp weil-BtockieJKifhelvps. .“There,” said he, “every one of those books was lent me." __ *251 _. -ST*t ,':5 • There is a society In New York composed of negroes which gives a series of musical and dramatic entertainments! Sr ”fne course of the winter*timed‘to fit some historical in which “the negroes are interested.Marcel Prevost has written Bn article for a Paris publication on the subwhich he discusses at length the methods employed by women to grow thin. He denounces them all as injurious to body and mind, with the one exception—rational exercise.

The State Railroad Commission of Massachusetts has a knotty problem to selve—just what are the rights of a drunken man on a public conveyance. The question has been put up to the board by a transit company that has more than Bhare of troubles and suits over, ejected “tanks.” Mrs. David E. Lucas and Mrs. Mary E. Ide are the leaders in a movement to put married convicts A work on farms and to apply ttreir earnlngs to the support of their families. Mrs. Lucas has offered a tract of four thousands acres of land in Colorado Jor toe use of convicts for five years. For many years the Mexican dollar was current ut and in the vicinity of the Chinese coast and rlWy ports, but now Chinese dollars are coined at the provincial mints at Tien tsin, Nanking, Wuchang, Hankow, Canton and elsewhere, but the mintage of one province is only accepted at a discount ln another province. Consul-General Robert P. Skinner, in a report on the manufacture of lactic acid in Germany, says that seven thousand to .eigfit thousand tons of the product were exported to the United States ln ISOS, mostly via Rotterdam. This Acid is chiefly used by the American dyeing establishments, formic acid having\akeh its place to a considerable extent in the tanning industry.

Equipment of a three-chair dental clinic in the City Hall for the free care of School children's teeth, the erection of a series of illuminated corner signs along Broad Btreet, reading, "Danger, run slow," to keep automobile speeders in bounds, and the abolition of all' horses on the city’s hospital ambulances are a few of the reforms now before the Philadelphia council’s finance committee. Mrß. Richard Watson Gilder, l as president of the National League for the Civic Education of Women, has been asked to cahae an investigation to be made of the conditions under which women work In the laundries In Greater New York. The league is the most active in the anti-suffrage societies In this country. Its membership is made up, with a . few exceptions, exclusively of women of leisure. A good example of one of the ways in which magical profiles became attributed to natural oWeets ts the stone known as an amethyst 'The ancient Indian name of this stone had the sound represented by its present name. In Greek this sound happens*to mean “anti-wine; ’’ hence, without more ado; the ancients declared thkt the amethyst was a preventive and care for drunkenness! —London Telegraph. % A creche for the children of rich women is said to be the latest move la the Interest of the women and children of London. This creche 14 for the special benefit of well-to-do mothers,'who, striving to be fashionable, have tal(W up bridge whist They begin to about tiqoa and Often are unable-to get bfcck to their homes before $ in'the evening. The object of the creche is to insure careful attention for their children Instead of leaving them to,the care of servants. A i musical comedy for comic opera of the flret class averagis a cast of about seventy-flve people/ while I suppose about seventeen is the average number for a dramatic company. A prims donna who is not a star gets from §IOO to S3BO a week, the principal oopjedian from $l5O to SBOO 'a week, the tenor from $75 to S3OO, the hast about the same. The minor actere range from S4O to SIOO a while show girls get from S2B to S3O, and chorus people from sls to $25, the avenge salary being about slß.—Everybody's Magazine.

GROWING POSTOFFICE DEFICIT.

■°*»« JBTaMSu of Dun or the XfuMa Which Helped to Make It. iU if‘the $20,000,000 deficit ln thftiiPostCfßce Department last year— Which was $4,000,000 worse than the Partr •»,: ft if* the WwaSra&s-r.-.vJ j e . ' ‘ t * ’They may persist,” says the article referred to, "in using stationery of .{•Uaw. ejjr other color that makes addresses almost Impossible to sead at night, mall iS hatidlad. D;: -’ J "It is the people’s department, so they have alright: to> deposit tevery year 11.000,0Q0 pieces of mail to go to the dead letter offlep .aQer caijriers, •{♦W and experts have spent hours tottff tb decipher eaett ; mldrefs or hfiflOnt an*ddtoss that did hot exist, i “-Since the postoffice belongs tb the peoiple they have a right .pa business -men to save up all their hundreds of leters to mail at the close of the day, so that an extra night force Is needed in every big postoffice,' and so; that nlDe-tehths of the'mail-may be sorted and handled at the very time when It ia twice as hard to work ..it. ! “As business men. the people have a right to tie packages so they will come unwrapped, to send all aorta of mail with insufficient postage, to send huge cards that will not fit the carrier’s bag or the pigeonholes ln the mail cars, or squeeze-’ into the sacks. >-• o ’The BBcplajttre a.right to demand that mall be .carried on fact grains from which the sacks must be kicked at high speed, but it is not incumbent upon the people to use heavy covers lor catalogues or book 1 eta no t.hal they will stand the jar. “But If the people have all these rights and take advantage of them the people must not kick If the department Is costly or If some who believe ln individualism think that the people’s government makes about the poorest showing as the administrator of a big business that can be made.”—New York Sun.

Legal Information

The distribution of intoxicating liquors in less quantities than five gal19ns by a social club to its members, for a consideration, though without profit, is held, in State ex rel. Young vs. Minnesota Club, 106 Mlnu. 815, 11$ N. W.*494, L. -R. A. (N. S.) 1101, to consfltute a “sale” within the meaning of laws requiring a license for the sale of liquor. ordinance merely Imposing a license tax upon the business of selling intoxicating liquors is held, ! ln Cuzner vs. California Club (Cal.) 100 Pac. 868, 20 L. R. A* (N. 8.), 1095, not to ltielude a bona fide social dub y&lcnßi®rely distributes such liquor to its members at a slight advance over the cost, the profit being devoted >to thd expenses of tbe institution. The one In charge of an electric car is held, In Trigg vs. Water, Light and Transit Company, 215 Mo. 621, 114 S. W. 972, 20 L. R. A. (N. 8.) 987, not to be bound to stop the car or slacken Its speed upon discovering an object beside the track which he takes to be f clump of dirt, although it proves in fact to be a man. whom be strikes before be can stop the car, after he discovers that it 1s a man. A bona fide purchaser of the capital stock of a corporation is held, in Everltt vs. Farmers’ and M. Bank (Neb.) 117 N. W. 401, 20 L R. A. (N. S.) 996, to have the right to, sue in equity to compel the corporation to enter the assignment upon its books, and to issue a new certificate therefor, and to restrain tbe sheriff from selling said stock upon an execution against the vendor, the corporation and sheriff be,ing parties to-the action. Persons who have bought lots bordering on a tract of land dedicated for park purposes are held in Northport . Wesleyan Grove - Campmeeting Association vs. Andrews (Me.) 71 Atl. 1027, 20 L. R. A. (N. S.) 976, to have the right, as against the owner of the fee, to cut the grass thereon If the authorities have/ not assumed jurisdiction' over-the park and’ the removal of the grass will render the park more suitable for the use for which it was intended.

The Man and the Lion.

“When I was once in danger from a lion,” said'an old African explorer, "I tried sitting down and staring at him, as 1 had no Weapons.” "How did it work?” asked his companion. "Perfectly. The lion didn't even offer to touch me." "Strange!' How do you account for ttr"Well, sometimes I’ve thought It was because I sat down on a branch of a very tall tree."

A Timely Episode.

"The sheriff levied on our Scenery la the third act Fortunately, he had been an actor himself at one time." "What happened?’ "We go| away with our hand baggage whfljt be was taking a curtain call.”—Louisville Courier-Journal.

Not Quite All.

_ "There la a bis sals on at a mammoth department store.” ' " “I suppose all the women In town are there?” I_J'_ _ “No- ? few are out in the ggfep ■- Uunr.” —fllrmlnsham Age-Herald.

$ 1.000,000 To KILL LITTLE

Mr. Rockefeller's gift of $1,000,000, to be used ln eradicating the hookworm disease, fixes public attention* on the dread scourge of the South. When this parasite was found the discoverer Stated, quite correctly, that It was responsible for most of the lassitude and .unwillingness to work of the so-called “poor white trash”—whereupon he was laughgf out of court as the discoverer of "the germ of laziness.” The hookworm, which Is not a germ, is certainly no laughing, matter. It is not: peculiar to the Southern ... States, having been found in animals as early 'as 1782. It Ifes first recognized as the cause of a parasitic disease in 1843 in Italy, and In 1879 its action in exhausting the blood from the system was realized. In succeeding years its wide prevalence was noted in Europe And In some cases were traced to the United States; but it was not until 1,902 that the existence of a purely American variety was demonstrated and announced by Dr. Stiles, a zoologist connected with the United States government service. Tile appearance And habits of the parasite are now well known. It is. a suckingworm less than an inch long and looking much like-“a bit of soiled coarse thread.” One victim may entertain several thousand of thdlf4C tiny "vampires, and these cause loss of blood not only by sucking It, but-*by leakage through the minute holes that they make in the InteßtinaJ walls. Retardation of development due to hookworms has caused a great deal of unmerited criticism to be heaped on the Southern cotton mills. Lads of 17 or 18 appear no older than normal boys of 10 or 11; boys es 10 or 11 sometimes look like little children. Strangers not knowing their real ages and seeing them at work go away with lurid stories of the horrors of child labor. Their impression is still further heightened if they -try to talk with the supposed children. The disease makes them dull and backward—they are generally the stupidest pupils ln the schools —and they seem Unable to answer the simplest questions Intelligently. Perhaps they feel too miserable even to try. In school they are unable to concentrate their minds on anything, and the teachers in the hookworm districts say that if their pupils remain seated for any length of time they “swell up.” ■ % Hookworm disease is caused by the presence of small worms' belongferent kinds of hookworm occur in man. One of these is popularly known as the “Old World hookworm,” the other as the “New World hookworm.” Both of these parasites are known to occur in Airies, the home qf the negro, and both have been found in the negro. The Old World hookworm is relatitoly rare in the United States, where the great majority of cases mußt be attributed to the New World parasite. The New World hookworm Is known as “the American murderer,” this name having been given 4t on account of the great number of deaths It causes, directly or indirectly. The American hookworm is about one-fourth to one-half an inch lons-' apd about as thick as a small hairpin.. It has hard cutting platea or ’jaws guarding the entrance to its mouth, with the aid of wh’ch it fastens Itself to the intestinal wall. In its adult stage the hookworm is found fastened to the lining membrane of the slnall intestine. Formerly it was thought that the parasite secured its hold by means of hooks, but now it is established that it fastens itself by biting the membrane. It makes a wound, sucks the blood and produces a poisonous substance which injures the person affected. A person may harbor slew hookworms, ot several, thousands, according to the amount of infection to which he has been subjected. The disease is more common in children than in adults. The ttarasiteS do not multiply in the Intestine, as their eggs require fresh air ln order to develop, and so for every hookworm found in the intestine a separate genii must enter- the body: The young worm may enter the body in two different ways. It may be swallowed in contaminated water or it may bore its way through the skin. Boring throtighthe skin Is the more common method of infection. k f* m r entering the skin, the young worms make their way to the blood and pass with the blood through the heart to the lungß. Gradually they find their way to- the small intestine. Where they shed their skin, beeome mature then begin their work of injuring the walls of the intestines of suckling the blood, and of poisoning their victims. Investigations by Dr. Stiles have convinced him that the hookworm disease has a serious effect upon the mind and prevents children from fully and properly Assimilating the education which is offered them. He says that, as nearly as can be estimated, the physical condition of the Southern school children in the rural districts is such that they cannot assimilate more than 70 per cent of the education they receive. Dr. Stiles is quoted as saying that it will take twenty years, at a cost of SIOO,OOO a year—that is, $2,000,000—t0 stamp out the malady ln the Southern Stat&es. Much, however, can be done in a short time. The Rockefeller commission has not yet adopted a program for its campaign against the disease, but’ it will probably take up the measures sug-gested-seme time ago by Dr. Stiles, which Include an annual “public health week” in the schools, when children wijl be taught the dangers Of infection; house-to-house canvasses in the back country districts by medical students on vacation to enlighten the natives, lectures by physlelans and trained nurses in town halls, churches and schoolhonses; the distribution of pamphlets and other printed matter telling about the disease;, an institution for free diagnosis and treatment, and the passing of laws in the several Southern States to permit the above measures and to promote the antihookworm pampaign. A late dispatch from San Francisco says that hundreds of cases of hookworm have been Imported into California In the last few years ttom Hawaii, the Philippines and the Orient. Almost half of a colony of West Indian laborers who had been working in the Hawaiian sugar plantations aid cam* to the Pacific coast were infected.

THRILLING SPECTACLE.

Modern Auto Raelna Compared to the Chariot iacee ot Old. All that wild excitement the ancient Romans found in a chariot race is being supplied to the modern world through the thrilling contests of the automobile speed kings. Whether held on the open roads or on a track, the mad dash of the automobiles, with .their dare devil drivers at the wheels, more closely approximates the chariot races in the amphitheaters of the ancient world than anything that could be imagined. ' It is thought by the world that the chariot race belongs to age, yet here is its counterpart.' The Jockey 'or the driver of the trotting horse never occupied a parallel place. They were heroes, but they went through no such terrifying experiences as the old chariot racer. , The feath at a running or trotting meet of any driver or Jockey is the rare thing. In the chariot races of ancient Rome, death , was a never absent entry, and in some of the terrific mix-ups, where horses, drivers and chariots came together in an inextricable Jam, it was nothing uncommon for men, horses gnd spectators to go to their death. Tbs speed that the modern automobile cab make was never even dreanv ed of In the period of ancient Rome, when men of wealth counted It nothing to spend a fortune on the team ot horses iMt was expected' to bring w victory In the racing contest of the amphitheater, \ - ■ Sometimes the battles of the modern charioteers Are held over the open roads of the rural districts. But wherever it may be there is ever the certainty that a huge crowd- will be present, for the automobile race appeals

now as much to the modern public as the ancient chariot race did to the populace of the ancient countries.. The element of danger Is onp of the biggest attractions, as it was in days of old. In all of the big road events It is a significant fact that the most frequented points are those where the danger Is greatest. At top speed, a mile a minute, a machine bears down on the danger spot in the road. It is a bad turn to start with. Hours of being plotred up by powerful machines have chipped it into a mass of email stones, and deep ruts have bean marked In its-surface. But the intrepid driver of the modern form of the chariot has Just as iron nerves as his predecessor of centuries ago. There is no thought of slow wpTin his mind as he approaches the tum. Straight at: the cUrvea he goes. The car skids and sways. Let anything go wrong with the steering gear or a tire come off and it is not hard to imagine rwhat would be the fate of thejMvefc. dr, for that matter, the fata- ofthe spectators, for att of them wboate close by Are in constant danger. , .;//» All during the race, no patter bMr often this incident is repeated, it always finds delighted spectators. And the greater the peril, the narrower the escape, the greater the delight. joyanfr' thrill of those who are looking on Automobile racing Is not very old as yet, bat as a thrilling spectacle it bids fair to hold its own with the chariot race of old, if it dees netoat-elsss it altogether. Gallantry is that sentiment which holds up a .man of 125 porsdi JII, r slippery walk, when escorting a wornan weighing 175. A woman’s reel secrete bw show up In her diary. Ij. •/ f