Evening Republican, Volume 14, Number 11, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 13 January 1910 — Page 3

* “THE OLD OAKEN BUCKET.*’ _ Ptortgg*ee| HE old oaken bucket” shows' itself badly in a government sanitary report. The De--1 ] partment of Agriculture has been investigating the condition of some rural water ffflrjjSaSKa supplies in the State of Minnesota, not universally nor very extensively, but, we presume, In a reasonably representative manner. The report covers seventy-nine farms. Of these, fifty-nine, or nearly 76 per cent, had water supplies which were or had been polluted. In twenty-three cases, or nearly 30 per cent, there were records of typhoid fever. In eleven cases it would have been impossible to make the wells secure against contamination, or even reasonably safe, *- That is a shocking showing, but we have no doubt that it could be duplicated in almost every other State. Indeed, in many States the average condition of wells is probably worse than in Minnesota. Especially is this so in the cider and more thickly populated regions where primitive methods of water supply and it sewage disposal still prevail, ancT'where in consequents a well is often half well > and half cesspool In one. That is why typhoid fever is still a common disease, and is most common in “healthful” rural communities. All the pure air that ever blew over woods and meadows could no*. counte r act the effects of sewage in the well. —New York • Tribune. v~ £ THE GYROSCOPE RAILROAD. E ALL know how a boy’s lop will retain Wits equilibrium while spinning. A gyroscope is a large revolving wheel constructed on the same principle. Placed PgSjlQg! on a car supported on a single rail by EjlSjjSjO a single line of wheels under its center, j B gai( j the revolutions of the gyroscope will prevent it from tipping to one side or the other. This has given birth to the idea of a monorail gyroscope railroad. „ The development of this idea by experiments with models has been in progress for several years. Recent tests with a full-sized car in England are said to have proven even more successful than with the small models. A 22-ton car, 40 feet long, 13 feet high and 10 feet wide, mounted on a single rail, on four wheels, has run oh a single rail, without other support, at a speed of seven miles an hour, and*howed no tendency to leave 'the track or tip, even when the weight it carried was' suddenly shifted to one side. The equilibrium was preserved by two gyroscope wheels weighing three-quarters of a ton each, placed in a cab at the front of the car and running in a vacuum. The car ran equally well around curves as on a straight line, and remained steadier than a car running on two rails, because it was free from the side thrusts which

Book news and Reviews.

A copy of the Kilmarnock Burns sold In Boston the other day for $1,025. It was a tall, clean copy of that rare first edition and was ?urchased by a Scotchman, who will take it back to his native clime. The depredations of vandal tourists have almost destroyed the famous chambers of Martin Luther at Wartburg. They have carved their names all over his table and have chipped, so many bits off his bedstead that restoration would mean making It anew. The plaster haß similarly disappeared from the walls and the celebrated inkstaln is no more. The room, in short, is In a state of ruin. “Women in the Making of America,” Mrs H. Addington Bruce’s forthcoming book, will give an adequate account of woman’s work and influence from the earliest years of colonization to the present time. His work is divided ihto seven periods—in the time of the founding, in the forgotten half century, in the Revolution, in the Westward movement, in the struggle over slavery, in the Civil War and In pregent-day America. A great-grandson of Robert Burns is a maker of tea urns in. London. This George Pyrkes is the son of Anne Burns, who was the daughter of the poet's son Robert. He says of his mother that she "was the very Image of Bums himself, with the flashing dark eyes and Jet black hair. She could sing, too. She used to Bing nearly all her grandfather's songs. I am afraid her father, ‘Robbie’s’' son, was not quite everything that he ought to have been, but I know very little of himr but my mother was as good and honest a woman as ever breathed." To be born In the preclnou of a prison and to die the Wife of the proudest monarch In was the fate of Praneoise d’Aublgne. generally known as Mme. de Maintenon. C. C. Dyson, who has written •a new book on "Madame de Maintenon,” urges that she has been the victim of much scandalous gossip, and that she was a woman of singular nobility of character and Ilfs. Mr. Dyson says In his preface: "Having, weighed the evidence for and against disputed points, the author has extracted from the mass of superfluous matter the leading traits of her character and the most interesting episodes of her life." Ghe of the most important parts of the book is Mr. Dyson’s account of Mme. de Maintenon’s great work, the school of St. Cyr.

FAST WORK PART OF HiS JOB.

Traialaf lisa Eqalpped the Corre■foadeat for (Ul«k Aetleh. A few years «go .when the managing editor of a big newspaper called Hector Fuller, now the word artist, ahead of a popular dramatic star, into his

EDITORIALS

Opinions of Great Papers on Important Subjects.

room one morning and remarked, “We are going to send you to report the Japanese-Russian war' for us,” the young man showed no special surprise. He had been a sailor before the mast; he had fought with the English army in Egypt—he had been a police reporter. He had learned to be ready for emergency.” "When do I go?” Fuller asked. “To-night,” said the managing editor. That night’s express carried a. broad-shouldered, determined-looking young man with his war klt to New York. Two weeks later Mr. Fuller was picking up bits of war news In Manchuria with the same energy that he used to report the police court in a big American city. It "was Fuller who gave the world the first real news regarding the condition of the Russians in the beleaguered city—Port Arthur.' “It wag no fun crossing a great expanse of strange waters In a Httle Chinese boat with two Chinamen for company,” said' Fuller. “But I had to get the news—that managing editor wanted It.” j In order to be the first newspaper man to get into Port Arthur It waa neceslj&fy for Fuller to cross the Gulf of Pechlli from Chefoo to Pigeon bay, a distance of 120 miles, says the Louisville Times. It was a trying trip, but a man who had traveled the road to Mandalay In the glare of India’s sun, without food or*water for forty-eight hours and who had helped stand the onslaught of 6,000 crazy dancing dervishes didn’t mind it. Fuller landed within five miles of Port Arthur. He was promptly arrested by the Russians and taken Into the besieged city. ,That was what he wanted. He had not bargained, though, for nine days In a Russian Jail. Finally he Waa released by the famed Gen. S toes eel and literally kicked out of the city. Being a resourceful young man, ha hqstled for the nearest point where there was telegraphic communication with the world. Then he.told the story of the siege. "It was pretty tough on the paper,” said Fuller, "for my first cable message coet them $3,400. But the managing editor was game and stood for It. “I had a lot of hot experiences,” he continued, “but they were all trivial as compared >ith the sight I spent In that little Chinese sampan on the Gulf of Pechlli with those two yellowfaced heathen.”

Before and After.

She was a frivolous, fashionable young woman with beaux galore, tout one man with only a small Income seemed to be the favorite. ’You’ll have to work hard before you win that girl,” said his mother. “And a good deal harder attar you win her,” answered his father, who knew what he was talking r attout. Nearly every unsuccessful man claims to be responsible for some other man’s success. People often feel like spying things to other people that they never do say.

Jolt and Jar and sometimes.lead to the spreading of the rails. ' ( ' Without attempting to go .into any technical analysis of this idea, we may say that if it ever proves successful in active practice it will revolutionize the railway business. It is obvious that a single track railroad can be built more cheaply than, a two track. It is claimed 'that the gyroscope car can be run up to a speed of 160 miles an hour, and at this speed be steady and safe. The world nowadays doesn’t take the claims of inventors at thqlr estimated value until they “make good,” but it has seen so many wonderful innovations that it is ready to admit that almost anything is possible. Withaeroplanes under full control navigating thb air, and gyroscope cars running along the surface at a speed of 160 miles an hour, future generations will realize the annihilation of distance in travel as we realize it now in verbal and written communication.—Minneapolis Tribune. r ■ - f vr / , '■" y --i ' AMERICAN SUPERFICIALITY. UR national disease is not nervousness, but superficiality. Such is the diagnosis of a learned German observer, Prof. Hugo Muensterberg. He attributes American lack of self-controls and of the habit of thoroughness to making woman too fre- \ quently the head of the family. Hence woman has been permitted to take the lead in*social life, art and literature, culture and moral development This has entailed a “flippant superficiality and nervous restlessness” in. public life. It is true that American men are very busy. They like to prove themselves ’ equal to every opportunity and masters of many activities. If those be characteristics of a new country, then may its youth be preserved. Other foreign observers have credited' American men with alert enterprise and with courage and optimism in conquering adverse conditions. But It appears that they lack the phlegmatic reserve of older civilizations, that averts worry by' acquired selfpoise and treats the morrow as having been reduced to taking care of Itself. It may be admitted that in this country woman occupies a sphere without exact European parallel. But the attentions that she devotes to science, social reform, literature and public affairs have not impaired any element of the American home,, nor have they lessened masculine interest in the pursuit of culture. If our social order lacks a dilettante stratum of men, it is because Its entire body is wholesomely active. American men do write books, paint pictures, carve statues, and exert theroselveß In activities for public welfare. If there be too much superficiality, it is not because the men abandon to the women the higher and more serious affairs of life. —Washington Herald. - "

EARLY GRECIAN COINAGE.

Die Sinking of Greek/* Remain* Standard To-Day. The Invention'of coinage Is due to the Greeks, to the hankers of Halicarnoßsoß and adjacent Asia Minor, Greek colonies, who toward the end. of the eighth century B. C. began stamping small gold and electron Ingots, which passed through their hands as currency with a mark of some sort Intended to guarantee the weight and purity of the metal; suph ingots very soon assumed’a round and more regular shafts, which we find already In old silver coins from Aegina, nearly contemporary with Asia Minor “beans.” Curious to say, none of the surrounding, peoples with whom the Asiatic and European Greeks were in constant communication, political or commercial, took up the wonderful Invention, which at present seems to us or much obvious necessity that we scarcely realize how the civilized world of old got on without it. As a matter of fact, however, neither the Phoenicians, with their practical commercial Bense, nor the Lydians or the Persians, who claimed 'the supremacy over the cities where the new currency was initiated, nor, of dburse, the Egyptians, ever had coinage, till the conquest of Alexander disseminated the Greek civilization through the Eastern world. The Romans came to know it through the Greek cities In Sicily and Magna Gracia, and ( began striking silver coins toward the beginning of the third century B. C. In the meantime, with the Greeks die sinking, like everything else, had fallen within the domain of art, and their coins remain forever a standard of beauty for the artist and a model of perfection to the die sinker.—Saturday Review.

How She Helps Girls.

Mies Annie Cowden has oome from Australia to take charge ot a home for girls In Philadelphia. She holds the rank of' major In the Salvation Army and expects to do army work hereafter to thj* country. The atari of her work In Philadelphia has been marked by a plan which Miss Cowden says she used with success in Australia. She advertises in the newspapers for girls to come to her. The other day the first of the advertisements was Inserted as follows: “Any girl who needs help or advice may find a friend In Maj. Annie Cowden, at 6416 Lansdowne avenue.’’ The address Is that of the home, and the advertlsement brought 112 girts from 13 to 20 years old. “I hare spend fourteen yean In the service of the poor and suffering,” says Miss Cowden, “end my whole heart is In thj work. I don’t believe is different moral codec for neb and women, or for different classes. I believe that we are all human, liable to temptation and to sin, and I manure you that I learn ae much from my glrle an they do from me.” Bight women assist Miss Cowden In the home, which Is supported entirely by the contributions of girls who have been lifted bv Its help.

AN OLD-TIME MIDSHIPMAN.

When a boy entered'the naval service of the United States in the days following the War of the Revolution, the highest tank obtainable was that of captain, and he had to pass through what R. Macdonougb, In the “Life of the Commodore Thomas Macdonough, U. 8. Navy," describes as “a laborious and dangerous minority dr apprenticeship” before securing the coveted prize. fi In those days our midshipmen’s dines were not cast in pleasant places, nor were their paths the paths of peace. Although “the wards and children of the public,” as they called themselves, little or no attention seems to have been paid to their physical, mental or moral welfare. They picked up on board ship, as best they could, the technical education necessary to fit them for their profession. Although ship schoolmasters were mentioned in connection with the service, there were few of them. Therfe was no exacting etiquette, no rigid courtesy. Instead, there was the rude discipline of the merchantman transferred to a man-qf-war—a discipline often enforced by intemperate and abusive language and occasionally by blows. “So great were the exactions,” wrote Admiral Porter in his “Memoir of Commodore David Porter,” "and so unceasing the strain on a Boy’s nervous temperament, that only the moat rugged and determined could remain in the service for any great length of time.” In 1880, when Midshipman Macdonough, afterward the hero and commander of the naval force on Lake Champlain at the beginning of the War of 1812, entered the service, he Irew nineteen dollars a month in pay and was entitled to one ration a day. This, on Sunday, consisted of a pound and a half of beef' and half a pint of rice; on Monday a pound of pork, half a pint of beaus or peas, four ounces of cheese; Tuesday, a pound of beef, a pound of potatoes or turnips, pudding; Wednesday, two ounces of butter or six ounces of mqlasses, four ounces of cheese, half a - pint of rice; Thursday, a pound of salt fish, two ounces of butter or one gill of oil, a pound of potatoes; Saturday, a pound of pork, half a pint of peas or beans, four ounces of cheese, and every day a pound of bread. The value of this ration was twentyeight cents. It was changed later, by act of March 3, 18(11, to a ration of a value of twenty cents. When Midshipman Macdonough—he was sixteen when he entered the service—appeared In ( full dress uniform, he wore a coat of blue cloth wlth'short lapels faced with the same, and ornamented with six buttons, standing collar with a diamond formed of gold lace on each side, not exceeding two inches square;' slashed slefeves with small buttons, all buttonholes worked with gold thread; single-breasted blue .vest with flaps, ( no buttons to the pockets; blue or white breeches; goldlaced cocked hat,- shoes with buckles, and a banger. When in undress Uniform, he wore a short blue coat without worked buttonholes, and having a standing collar with a button and a slip of gold lace on each side. Dirks were not to be worn on shore by any officer. This was the uniform, prescribed by the Ndvy Department under Robert 'Smith, Secretary of the> Navy from 1801 to 1809.

THE FAMILY SEARCH-LIGHT.

Oae Girl Who Didn’t Appear Well Wh«_ It Was Turned Oa. “She says Jim’s fickle,” Christine remarked, with a smile which told wtyat she thought of any one who doubted her brother Jim’s steadfastness. “And what do you say?" asked the other girl. “I know better. When he first met her at the house party he was dazzled by her prettiness. Couldn’t see a thing back of it. But as Boon as she came to flsit us, a lot of characteristics that he’d never suspected glared out, and naturally be felt differently. I don’t call that being fickle.” “I suppose, as a matter of fact, you and your mother did your part to make him see her faults.” Ms you mean we criticised her —no, we didn't. The very first night she came, when she found she was to share my room, she coolly asked me to move to the hack parlor couch, beck use she couldn’t rest unless I did. Then she 'forgot to say good morning to my grandmother, and all the time she was there she never once raised .her voice so that grandma could hear what she was saying, even when you could see perfectly that grandma-tons trying to listen. And you know are all feel that grandma is a regular queen In our house.” “Of course I know. Especially Jim.” ‘Yes, that’s It Well, the seoond evening we had Bob Richards over, and the foOr of us played cards. Mother was awfully tired. She’d had a hard day, tiut she went and fixed a spread for us on the dining room table—hot chocolate with whipped cream, and cake, and Ice cream In the tall-stemmefl glasses, and everything as dainty as could be, with candles lighted, and all. Jim and I could see from where we were sitting that she.was getting It ready, and when she stepped to the door and asked us to come out, of course we laid downs** cards end started. That

waa the time Gertrude finished herself. She said: \ “ ‘Oh, please not Just yet, Mrs. Bassler! I have a peach of a hand, and I can’t wait to see what 1 can do to them with It!’ V „ ‘You ought to have seen Jim’s face when he settled back Into his chair, and pretty soon saw mother taking the chocolate back to the fire and the melting Ice cream to the refrigerator —but Gertrude never felt a thing.” “What did Jim say* about It afterward?” ’ > "We never mentioned It to him. If you think for one minute that mother and I turned Jim against Gertrude by talking about her— There, I see that’s exactly what you have been thinking. No, sir! All we did was to shed the light of our sweetest, politest, most considerate behavior on her—and let her display herself In it. Mother calls that turning the family search-light on her. She says if-Gertrude had been the girl for Jim, she would have shone out all the more lovely under the test.' And I know one thing; I may lose all my common sense when I fhll in love —most people do, I believe —hut if I don’t, I’ll never take any man for a husband who doesn’t look well under that kind of a family searchlight.”—Youth* s Companion. ~

OVERBOARD AT SEA.

To be lost overboard on a dark night, hundreds of miles Bouth of the Cape of Good Hope, with a strong wind blowing, and to live to tell the tale, does not happen to many sailors. William Galloway, of the crew of the British ship Kllbrannan, had such an experience several years ago, and told his story to a reporter of a San Francisco newspaper of the time, from which the ffe&ovring account is taken: Galloway Is a brown-faced Scotch ladle who says “mither” for mother, and Everything about him, from the frayed bottoms -of his Jean trousers to the wiry-looklng tufts of hair which peep from beneath the front beak, bf his little fore-and-aft cap, betoken the rollicking, happy-ge-lucky deep-sea sailor boy. Of his adventure, Flrht Mate William Coalfleet said. * “It was 8 o’clock In the evening. were fifty-five days out from Philadelphia, bound for Hiogo, Japan, and near latitude forty-four one south, longitude fourteen forty-four east. A strong, easterly wind was blowing. It was dark apd bitter cold, and the sea was running very high. “Galloway was half-way up the ratlines, unhooking a block from the main sheet, when the ship gave a lurch and he fell into the sea. “The captain threw him a life budy. The ship was brought up in the wihd as quickly as possible and a boat lowered and manned. I took command other. "We heard the boy shout as we were lowering the boat, but he had yelled himself hoarse, and we had nothing to guide as as we pulled aimlessly about in the heavy sea. “We pulled round fonovqy an hour, and as we lost sight of the ship several times, and the "night was getting rougher and thicker, I was about to give up the search in despair, when we heard a feeble moan, and straining our eves saw Galloway clinging to the life Irnof, almost under our bow. “We soon had him on board, but It took some slapping and rubbing to put warmth into his rigid limbs.”' Galloway said to the reporter, “I am a good swimmer and managed to ride the big seas that came along, but It was terribly cold, and my legs began to feel like lead. It was a good job for me that the water was so black, or I never could,have seen the white life buoy as it came to me on the crest of a -wave. “I got it under my arms and stopped paddling. I was tired out. I shouted as long as I could, but my voice grew husky. “The albatrosses and mollyhawks swooped down on me, and I kept waving my arms, thinking every moment that one of them would drive its beak through my skull. “I lost all hope, and thought of mother and my sisters in Glasgow. Then I saw the white hull of the mate's boat. I triad hard to shout They heard me and I was soon hauled on board. “The me medicine, and with plenty of warn blankets ahd hot coffee, I soon began fb feel myself again.” * •

Dodging a Slander.

During a suit for slander brought Ift an Ohio town one of the parties was asked by the presiding magistrate: “Is it true, as alleged, that you declared that Thomas Mulklns had stolen your pocketbook?” “Your honor the man, ‘1 did not go so far oa that. I merely said that if Mulklns had not assisted me In looking for the pocketbook I might have found it”—Chicago Rec-ord-Herald.

His Poems.

“May I offer you this Uttlo gift, Frmulein Kate?” “Excuse me I never take presents from men." "But it la only a copy of my book of poems.” “In that case I will accept. I thought It was something valuable.”— Fllegende Blatter. A woman can put ■'lot of meaning In few words when she says of another: “She Isn’t so Innocent as she looks.” ,

FACTS IN TABLOID FORM.

Australia will borrow $£,060,009 tor railway construction, rolling stock, development of the gold fields, etc. The first American book printed In the colonies was the “Bay Psalm Book.” It was printed &t\£hmbridge. Mass., in 1640. Of the 2,100 foreigners whose names appear on the tax lists of Yokohama, 1,319 who are not leaseholders are at present declining to pay municipal taxes. Most of the cotton produced in China Is grown on small farms of fire to seven acres. The whole family engages in the cultivating and works as many as twelve hours a day. Coatesville, Pa., Is making preparetions for celebrating next year the one hundredth anniversary of the rolling df the first boiler plate in America. This was done in that place in 1810 in a small mill operated by water rpower, which was the beginning of a -great plant. A perfect feminine face should measure exactly five times the width of an eye across the cheek bones. The eye should be exactly two-thirds the width of the mouth and the length of the ' ear exactly twice that of the eye. The space between the eyes should be exactly the length of one ej*e. Queen Helena of Italy has signified her Intention of becoming a member of the International Congress of Mothers. She wishes to Join in the work for the welfare of the children of the world, and will send a special envoy to the next meeting of the organization, which is to be held In Denver next year. An unsolved problem In geological history is the disappearance of the gigantic dinosaurs which may be said to have ruled the animal world In the cretaceous period. They are known to have lived In nearly all lands until the close of that period, says Dr. A. S. Woodward, and there is no reason to believe that they suffered fromia struggle with any warm-blooded competitors. They seem to have died a natural death. “What’s that bonehead of a husband o’ mine done now!” asked the wife or an east side thug of a pair of precinct detectives as they pushed their way Into her tenement room. “Dinged a feller’s crust, ye sag? And ye’ll git him ,1 s’pose. Now ain’t that Jest like the big mut? Why, say Jflfnever dons nothin’ and got away with it dean cept t’ lift a doormat, and that had •Welcome’ on it. There it is under the bed.”—New York Tribune. At a meeting of teachers in London, Dr. Cunningham, head of the Municipal Dental Institute for Children, at Cambridge, England, recommended the formation of tooth brush clubs. “Even If the brushes are far from beings ideal,” Dr. Cunningham said, “the result Is invariably beneficial. At Cambridge we start with the youngest child, and once we have treated a child we assume the responsibility qf keeping Its teeth In good condition until It leaves school—without recourse to forceps.” ■'* The -futility of hunting fugitives with bloodhounds when the trails of those sought lead across the modem oiled thoroughfares was demonstrated recently In Oak Park, a suburb of Chicago. Many robberies resulted In an addition to the police force of two bloodhounds. Tests were made of the dogs' ability to follow trails, and all proved successful until the person making the trail took an oiledjtreet The scent'was Immediately lost, according to the police, and the dogs were unable to pick it up again.—Popular Mechanics. Prime Minister Zahle of Denmark, who violated all court traditions by going to a royal reception wearing a black slouch hat, and his wife, who retains her place as a stenographer In the Danish parliament, are subjects of many Jokes In European papers. The current number of Ulk has a cartoon showing Hefr Zahle making an address In parliament. His wife, rising from the reporters’ table, says: “Hubby, dear; Just a moment; make a little pauee; Europe must have patience; the point of my pencil has broken off.” Governor Fort of New Jersey is fond of telling the following story of how he shot his first rabbit: When a boy on the Fort homestead, in Burlington coitoty, he was hurriedly called on, by some boys of the neighborhood and told to get hia gun, as s nice, fat rabbit was perched on a fence near the house. He quickly sallied forth, gun In hand. Biasing away with both barrels at the game, he rushed over and found the animal dead. “And," adds the governor, “Judging by the atmosphere in the neighborhood, it had probably been dead for more than a week.” A letter from Venice published la Figaro, says that visitors to that city may soon see there “the largest firesce painting In the world.” It to the work ot a Venetian painter, Bruehl, and oovers a space of seventy meter* (230 feet) in length. The article says that this great*work. which Is said to be artistic excellence. Is In themuntclpal loan establishment of Venice.” When the Wald Nord painting in the Hotel de Ville. at Paris, was unveiled. It was contended that Its three, thousand square feet made It the largeal patntlag In the world, but the celling painting In the palace at Wurtburg, painted In 1758, coveting a space of about 6,400 square feet, was probably fergottea when this claim was aada.