Evansville Journal, Volume 12, Number 41, Evansville, Vanderburgh County, 12 November 1846 — Page 2

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I i IT A ,1 I ft! r chlii Hi at i ha j

THE JOU RNAL

"Not Caesar's weal, but that of Rome." THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1S46. OrW ANTED Two steady boys as apprentices to learn a good trade. Inquire-at this Office. . NEW YORK ELECTION. The Revolution Confirmed. We are indebted to our friends Mr. Tay lor and Mr. Fairchih', for late Louisville and Cincinnati papers, confirming the news of the Whig victory iu New Yorkt received here on yesterday. The National Intelligencer has received the subjoined telegraphic des patch, which confirms the entire revolution of the S'.ate and the complete triumph of the Whig party. The Congressional delegation in the present Congress consist? of nine Whigs, four Natives, and twenty-one Locos. In the last House of Assembly of the State the Whigs had but forty-nine members out of one hundred and twenty-eight.- The State is uiv.ueu .mo e.gut oetiaionu. uiMt.cts, eauu v-j-j :.-t.. cj .:...- i district sending tour senators, j ney are I -t--.j r i l .: cicotcu iui iuui ycaia, auu jnc ici ics every year. -Of the twenty-four Senators that hold over, the Locos have eighteen, the Whigs five, and tho Natives one. - New York, Nov. 5, 8 P. M. John Young is elected by about ten thou sand majority. We have the result in all but three counties, which will give something for xouns. Uur lieutenant uovernor is beaten. . The members of Congress elected stand ticenty-three Whigs to eight Locos and two Old Hunkers, who being protective tariff men and elected by Whigs are with us for all pro tective purposes. Mr. Hungerford is beaten in the Jefferson district by Joseph Mullin, Whig. ' We have an excellent delegation, personally as well as politically! We have elected five of the eight State Senators pretty certain and hope for the sixth The Senate will still be nominally Loco, however, (24 holding over.) The Assembly stands seventy Whigs, ten anti-Renters, and forty-eight Locos very nearly; but among ihe latter are some eight or ten Old Hunkers, who 83 well 53 the anti-Renters, will be in clined to look with . favor on the new State Administration. ' Black svffrogc is voted down ly agreat majority. What will Mrs. Orundy ol tbe UniQus azialhis2 REW JERSEY. This gallant State has nobly responded to New Yoik and Pennsylvania. The result of Tuesday's election may thus be summed up: FOUR WHIG CONGRESSMEN! A WHIG U. S. SENATOR! BOTH HOUSES OF THE LEGISLA ' TORE WHIG. MAINE ELECTION. The Boston Atlas, ol the 3d inst., some additional returns from " Maine, says: has and Since the election of the 14th of Seplem oer, wuen vvn.gs anu ts iocotocos were tuu;cu iijc mils uavo tfuucu ti auu uir; Locofocos have only added 14. Of these 31 eisht onlv were from districts ivin Wilis majorities for Governor, nine Irom districts which gave Dana (Locufuco) a clear majori ty over everything, and fomteen more gave large majorities against Bronson. The Whigs have a clear and undisputed majoiity ol six in the House already, and a fair prospect of adding to it in the elections a fortnight from Monday OCT" e neglected last week to call at tention to the large and fresh stock of goods now receiving by J. II. Maghf.k &. Co., con sisting of dry goods, hat?, caps, boots shoes, &.C., in endless variety, the impression among We are aware that . country dealers is that city merchants almost invariably overrate their stocks in their advertisements, both as to quantity and quality, and so believing are apt to pay too little attention to such an nouncements. In this case, having at the invltation of Mr. Maghee visited every part of his larrre establishing t. we hprr leave io assure Country merchants that his Stock mucli larofir than rpmesenlprt. nnrl contain ing every article that can be called (or. That goods can be aflorded cheaper here than in either Louisville or Cincimnati, every rr& rrmcf Kolioiia nrtian hi rfflenta lhnt BY. penees are not one-lourth here they are in those places, while the facilities for repleu ishing stocks are enjoyed by our merchants equally witn loose ot jjouisvnie ana cincm nati, and in many cases we have the advantage over them, making it the interest of the dealers of the surrounding country to patronise our merchants Although we have only mentioned Mr. Maghee's establishment we by no means wish to be understood assaying he has all the goods in the city. There are more than a dozen other large houses in that line, besides sever al large wholesale Grocery stoies, Iron stores, &c, and so keen is the competition among them that a customer is never permitted to depart our city until his bill is filled at prices' entirely satisfactory.

CANAL TRUSTEE. We see by the Vincennes Gazette, that in the even! of the successful arrangement with the Bondholders during the coming session of the Legislature, for the completion of the Canal to the Ohio River, the name of Willard Carpenter, Esq., of Evansville. will be brought forward as a suitable one to be voted for in the election of a Canal Trustee

for the State. We have not the pleasure of a personal acquaintance with Mr. Carpenter, but we understand ftom a reliable source, that he is a gentleman of industry, energy and thorough business habits one who is largely interested, moreover, iu the prospeti ty ol Evansville, (beiiia an extensive prop erty holder there,) and would, on that ac count alone, if on no other, be likely to ex ert all his influence to secure the extension of the Canal to that point at as eaily a per tod as practicable. Lafayette Journal. ' ' Well, in case "the successful arrangement with the bondholders" is made at the coming session of the Legislature, it is just such man as the Journal describes Mr. Carpenter to be that si.ould be chosen for Trustee. He is identified with the work by ever? interest he possesses-has labored assidulously for u for xU jasl four and encouraged lQ do snent his monev - f(ed Q E;d ; brinin2 U to corr)ple,10o . js oa .n ..,:, j ,;.u ;, i,;,r B.t n,n u j i ctl o.uiiuiuit.u null 113 uiaiuil uuu v, u n ' 1 . j . , tinner as mnrli enprov. tnrfiictrv anrl canacitv to o c; i j 1 j - aid in finishing it as any man along its whole line. But the great objection to his success, we fear, will be that he is not known as a partisan, although .a- sterling Whig, he has never thrust himself forward as a candidate for political preferment, and may not, there fore, by some, be considered the available (how we hate that word) candidate.' But is it not lime that, in matters t least which can have no political influence and whtch look only to the good of the whole, we should drop party feeling and unite upon that man who possesses the necessary qualifications and the willingness to perform the duty re quired of him. We know that the State has lately been canvassed pretty thoroughly by Mr. Michael G. Bright, of Madison, and that he will be a candidate for the office of Trus toe. It is against the election of him or any one else residing off the line of the Cana that we enter our objection. The protect by which the Canal will be completed, if completed at all, originated with the peopl of this end of the Stale, and the me.ms to finish it were secured to the State by their exertions and theirs alone, and it is to be pre sumed that they have quite as much interest in it and know as well how to take care I faal inleregt M ,hoge wio detacIlej from it. We expect there will be logrolling when the Legislature n,,5,l1TOOTTTn7cein) candidates will be as thick as bees, some de ! siring it forsake of emolument, some to use 11 33 a stepping stone to higher stations, and a few, perhaps, that thev may benefit the ! State and relieve it from the odium which at present hangs over it. In the latter class we place Mr. Carpenter and shal hail his election as a great good to the people AFFRAY AND DEATH. On Monday evening last, as Mr. John A. Reitz, a very re spectable Geiman citizen, was on his way to his saw mill, on Pigeon creek, he was attack ed, just below town, by two young men, sons of Jameg Nea, in this neighborln and alter a scuffle in which Reitz was badlv cut on the head with a knife in the hands ol' the eldest of the Neals, he succeeded in getting possession of the knife, and in delending himself with it against the contin-. ued assaults of the two, cut and stabbed the eldest, George Neal, several times, and once in tne ttiroat nearly severing Urn tugular vein. Reitz called for help as soon as he was attacked, and his two brothers coming to his assistance from the mill the younger assailant was taken in custody to the near est house, and Reitz and others returning ".1.11.? t f .t i W1W1 "gt'ts in searcn oi me otner, and not i. . l. . i , i i ihuj, me e arresieu was iaKen oefore a magistrate and commuted to jail. George Neal was found dead near the scene of the fight next morning. After a patient examination on Tuesday, ,ne coroners inquest reiurneu as meir verd'" ,hal deceased came to his death by a stab inflicted by Reitz in self defence. is The evidence before the jury led to the con - elusion that the Jeal3 Were intoxicated and mistook Reitz for another person with whom tliev l,aa liatJ scme a'mcuiiy ourmg )e aay I . i t i nr i . t .i a against whom they had made repeated 1 threats. 'Peace, too, hath its victories. Richmond Enquirer. Yes, peace hath its victories, responds the - vDeelini Times There is the Whig Victory in Ohio The Whig victory in Pennsylvania. The Whig victory in Georgia. The Whig victory in Maryland. The Whig victory in Maine. The Whig victory in New Hampshire. The VVhig victory in Florida. The Whig victory in Iowa. The Whig victory in New York. Yes, peace, too, hath its victories. Gen. Parades. Ex-President Parades arrioOft nt tfavnua. in I h RritisJi !pnmor rin be 7lh an exiic? lo ,ake lhe place of Sa'nta Antn, now again in power.

O-Captain Walker and Sergeanr Ga-

vitt of the Indiana Riflemen from this place, returned home from Camp Belknap on furough on Monday last.- They report the health of the volunteers on the Rio Grande as improving. , They will return to the army on the ninth of next month and offer the op portunity to such as have friends there and wishing to communicate with them safer than they can do so by mail, at least while Ampudia is Postmaster. Col. Bowlestoi the 2d Regiment also re turned at the same time. By the way we were shown a letter from an officer of his rewiment to a friend in this place which o states that Gen. Lane had the Colonel ar rested and kent him under arrest for ten days, and that the gallant Colonel only es B caped a court martial by the most humilia ting acknowledgements to Gen. Lane of his error and promises of Letter behavior for the future. - His oSence was detaining several barrels of whiskev in camp for the use of himself and others contrary to the express orders of Gen. Taylor. More Troops. The Philadelphia . In quirer learns from a gentlemen who had just returned from Washington, that the Govern ment has determined to issue a requisition for more troops, from the Slates that have not yet turnisheu their proportion. I tie requi sition will be made in the course of a few d iys. . ' . , EATER FROM MONTERET. We are indebted to Mr. E. II. Fairchihl for files of New Orleans papers up to the 3rd inst., containing the latest intelligence receiv ed from Monterey The Mexicans had mnn aged lo capture the mail between Camargo and Monterey, containing despatches to Gen Taylor, as well as private correspondence These mails were delivered to Ampudia, who on being requested to return the private cor resoondence, said he had sent the mails to Santa Anna. The following extracts from letters in the Picayune, contain all the im portant and interesting items: Monterey, Mexico, Oct.5th, 1S4G Uentlemen l he Army is settling tiown quietly to wait for further orders. The re laiiers of ardent spirits have nearly all been ferretted out and compelled to vamos or shut up shop. A number of Mexicans have been murdered in the outskirts of the city within the last two days, by some of the outlaws who have attached themselves to the volun teers. Yesterday uf ernoon two Mexican officers, who vveie leaving the citj', called on Gen. Worth, boon alter leaving htm, and oTorderly of one of them, who rode a shori distance behind, was shot through the heart by a discharged volunteer Ranger. The fee ings were very much outraged by thisdiabo ical act. The perpetrator of the foul deed is now in limbo, and will, I trust, be hnui An order has just been issued by Gen Wort directing every person not belonging. to the Army, or who is not a citizen of the place to report to his A. A. Adjutant General of Division wiihin twenty-four hours. This wi settle all irregularities, as, under this order the discharged volunteers will he obliged to leave the town and vicinity. Sen'inels are placed at every avenue leading to the town, on the northern and eastenr sides, day and flight, and are instructed tt allow no person but commissioned officers to pass in and out except by the street that leads to Fort Independence. The guaid is necessarily very large. The ceremony of guard mounting is performed lor the whole division at the nuin plaza. This morning the division guard was as large as some of the regiments. The reaction that has taken place in the Army, upon settling down quietly afierso much fatigue and excitement, is really painful in its effects. There are few here whose hearts do not ache to see their homes and families. fhe uncertainty that prevails with regard to! the future, causes much uneasiness. What is to be done next? What has our Government done with that of Mexico? Is the war ended? Knowing nothing of what is going on at home, (our latesi dates from New Or leans are only to the 1st of September,) we can only judge by what we see and hear 'iround us. Judging from present annearanes, the wisest and longest-sighted of the of ficers have arrived at the conviction that the war has only commenced. During an inter view with an officer of rank and experience, a day or two siece, he showed me a letter that he had just written to a friend which contained his sentiments on this subject. He remarks: There never was a nation so much mistaken as ours in regard to that of Mexico. 1 mean in respect tolts military resources. The people are warlike and have an abundant supply of munitions of war. Our battles with them improve them assoldieis. Our invasion is held by them in abhorance, and has united , all classes in determined resistance agaiuit us. The batiles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma and of Monterey were bat tles with their frontier Army. From this pl.ice onward, if we have In march on further in this direction, we shall meet their home Army, made up of hardy mountaineers and a better class of soldiery. So far 1 consider we have not injured their nation, but done it a service, by defeating their old officers, thus causing iheir Army to be placed under the direction of younger, more ambitious, braver and more accomplished generals. In -fact, so far fiom the war being ended, it has just commenced. Our position is critical. Our supplies at Camargo ISO miles distant, must be waggoned to this place. This long line has no protection. The ranchere troops num bering near 2500 are behind us as guerillas and if they choose lo act, our trains musi be cutoff. Although this is a rich valley, its supplies arc inadequate to our wants, except in beef, for any length of time. Our Army, or the effective part of it, istoo dimin-

utive to meet a strong force. It is weak, physically, for it has now been in campaign over thirteen months, with scanty clothing and much hardship and exposure. The vol

unteers are numerous, but with the exception of those regiments commanded by late officers of the Army, without discipline. I suppose our whole Arrny will muster, when all arrive from below 1)000 men for duty, and we hear the Mexicans have on the advance body to'raeet us of 30,000 men. lam convinced, and so is every officer of the Ar my, that we have done wrong and committed an irreparable error in leaving the Rio Grande to march in this direction. To end this war a more vital blow must be struck nearer the Mexican capital; and -that' is, Vera Cruz should be taken by the way of Alvarado. We are now over 700 miles from the city of Mexico, with a vast desert to traverse. In a woid, to make peace economically with Mexico, some things must he undone, and our uovernment must commence again, Discharge the volunteers and raise your reg ular force to 30 or 50,000 men. We have the fullest expectation of the most active gu erilla war against us. Move where we will, the mountains and passes afford every facility to carry it on successfully and most disas trously lor us. Our Army, as now situated, can be compared to the French in Spain. when Joseph was driven out. Monterey, Mexico, Oct. 12, 1840, Gentlemen VVe have leceived news from New Otleans tip to the 25th ult. It seems that there is no probability of peace being established for some time to come. Lieut .rmistead of the Glh Infantry, has just ar rived from Washington with despatches for Gen. Taylor, but the instructions sent him are not known in the army. A mail which was sent from Camargo by a Mexican express rider for the Army, about the 21st oil., and which it is believed con tallied important despatches for Gen. Taylor besides many piivate letters, was taken by the enemy and conveyed to Ampudia who received it on the day of the capitulation Whether the Mexican maunder was killed as is pretended, or cariied the mail of his own accord to Ampudia, is not known; but certain it is that the mail is in possession of the enemy. Aher the Mexican Army had retired to Saltillo, Gen. Taylor, hearing ol the loss of the mail, sent a messengerto Am pudia and requested him to return the pri vale correspondence, lhe sell-appointeu postmaster general of our Army teplied through a Mr. Faullac, that a mail had been taken and received' by him, but that he had forwarded the bag to Santa Anna 1 The wounded are doing well, better than was at first expected. Maj. Lear, who was so horribly wounded in the mouth, the ball coming out at the back of the neck shattering the j uv bone and palate, will, it is hoped, recover. His son, a young gentleman of twenty, is fortunately with him. Lieut. Richard II. Graham of the 4th Infantry, died of his wounds last night. Gen. Butler who was shot through the leg, is recovering fast, and begins to attempt, in his impatience to be on his legs again, to hobble about his ror.m. Gen. Taylor keeps his own counsels re specting the nature of the instructions received from Washington. The Washington letter writers probably know more about it titan a majority of the officers under Gen, -Taylor at this moment. Something is brewing how ever, and 1 can see that some movement is soon to be made, though none has yet been ordered. The Bishop's Palace and heights back of the tovn are not garrisoned, the troops having been withdrawn into town, and thete is no piquet stationed on the Saltillo road in that vicinity. Monterey, Mnxtco, Oct. 1G, 1840. Gentlemen A chance offers to send a line, which I must write in haste, as the gen tletnan who takes, ft will be off in a few mo meats. Gen. Wool crossed the Rio Grande thirteen days ago on his way to Monclova. A train of fifteen hundred mules arrived from Camargo a day or two since, with provisions. Two thousaud mules have been hired at this place for the use of the Amij, at 37i cents per day each. Lieut. Graham's remains were followed to the grave three days since, by Gen. Taylor and nearly all the officers. No news yet Irom the first mail that was captured by the enemy. Another large mail aud from Camargo a lew days ago (the 5th inst.) which" shared the fate of-lhe first. rhis makes two important mails that have been" captured Irom us within a month. The last was taken out ot the mule train. Everything is as dull here as possible. As for letters and papers, we never expect to see any more as long as Ampuoia is permitted to act as Postmaster Ueneral lor our Army Santa Anna is at San Luis Potosi, but is doing nothing. He sustains Ampudia in his late conduct. The fever and ague is spread ino through the Army at a fearful rate. In order to show in the clearest manner the utter impracticability of the original plan of the campaign under Taylor,we suhjoiu the following from the Cincinnati Chronicle. It will bo observed that lhe article was writ ten before the news of the taking of Monte rey, and before the rumor of the expedition to Tampico to form a junction with Taylor from that point: We assume that Gen. Taylor is at Monterev. If there has been a battle we have no doubt he has been victorious. VVe have none of the doubts which appear to be felt in some quarters about the dangers and diffi culties of the army. The army is able lo lake care of itself, so fir as batiles are concerned. That is not the difficulty. The difficulty is the length of line of operations, and everv step into that difficulty. The reader who has never thought of military matters will easily perceive the truth of these facts. 1. An army must be supplied with provisions from its rear. In the present in stance there is no prospect of getting provisions from the Mexicans. The country through which Gen. Taylor is to move is thinly populated and poor. The supplies of lhe army must be derived from New Orleans The line of supply is. therefore, an immense one. 2. A train of baggage wagons may bo cut effby a very small party of men A "Ueril-

la warfare adopted by the Mexicans would be the most effectual one.

3. It follows from this that Gen. Taylor cannot salely leave any part ot his line ol supplies beyond the Rio Grande uncovered. It is not a case in which a Spartan band are simply to cut their way through an enemy's me; It is a case in which a lage party of the army must be contiuually engaged in getting supplies and defending them. Every post aud every town Gen. Taylor conquers, then, must be defended by troop3 left behind. At every step he advances, then, his army is diminished and the difficulties of supplies increased. With this general view of the case, let us see what sort of a journey, in distance and country, lies belore Gtn. Taylor. From Saltillo, south, lo Mexico, there is a road, but it is the only continuous road passing in that direction. The distances on that road are as follows: Monterey to Saltillo 25 miles. Saltillo toTremllo 181 do Trenillo to AgualazcientC3 124 do Agualazcientes to Lazos 25 do Lhzos to Villa de Leon 24 do Villa de Leon to Guanaxuato 42 do Guanaxuato to Salamanca 25 do Salamanca to Juan del Rio 83 do Juan del Rio to Tula 45 do Tula to Mexico 50 do Monterey to Mexico 724 do If nothing but distance were in the way, that alone p; 3sents almost an impossibility to the army, but there are other great difli cullies in the way, which it is hard to over come with an army which lefi Camargo with only thirty day's supply of provisions. In the first place from Monterey to Saltil lo is a very difficult road, filed with defiles We will suppose that has been overcome. Then commences the greatest dilhculty. The next step is one hundred and eighty miles thiough a country which is described as an arid plain, almost without water, aud equally without inhabitants. On this point we may add, what seems not to be entirely understood, that nine tenths of the Mexican people aie south of San Luis de Potosi and l ienillo. 1 his being the case, very little, we may say nothing, is gained by any con quest short of the city of Guanaxuato. THE MEXICAN WAR. An Instructive Letter. In the follow ins letter, wiiuen to the editor of the Pittsburgh Commercial Journal, by II. M Brackenridge, Esq., the reader will find mucli to in9trct and intereet. The author is evidently entirely familiar with the subject ou which he so ably treats: Mr. Editor: Let us suppose that we have obtained possesion of Saltillo, will it be advisa ble to advance towards the el ty ot mexico, or ai reel our ellorie to ttie complete occupation, or subjection, of the country between the Sierra Maclre and the Itio Grande, equa1 in extent and population, to the whole ot our southern Stales at the period ol our revolutionary war It we advance hunt Snltillo we must have at least twentv-tive thousand men. with a tram ou a vast scale lor transportation und supply. Th first three hiiudtej iinlrs, will he over a barren tabic laird p'aiiu anil there will lie nothing to imp. lie the march t Sombretr, where ii wi'T he necessary to establish an important depot. The next move will be to Zacatecae, something more than one hundred miles, the greater pari ot the way ill roils; tt mountain gorges. I hat citv con tains forty thousand inhabitants, aud must be tu ken and framsoned. lhe stale of which tt is the capital, contains between two Sc three huu tired ilitiand souis, anil will, no douht, render it difficult to keep the way upon to Sonibrete. VVe must next take Guannwhalo, containing sixty thousand souls, the slate hall a million. Next St. Louis de rtosi,atiu linemen), lietore entering the State of Mexico. But suppose we give a more exact estimate ol the totalis so be passed through, with ihetr Capitals, which we must, take and occupy. And here I will remark, that at teasi live ot the eight millions ot the Mexican people, are comprised in a compara tively small space, of which ihe city ol Mexico is the ce in re. The whole of the Mexican territory is said to contain one million and a half ot equare miles, wliile tuts portion ol it, scarcely contains two hundred tl.oiisanti ; mat is annul equal to Spain and Portugal, or N. York, Penn sylvania bud Maryland, lit my supposed march to Mexico, I leave the second city ol the iiepublie, Guadslahara, coniatnina ninety tho. sand, to the right; yet it may-r.ot be prudent to leave so tormidable an enemy in the rear, and 1 have only reached the boundary of the stale ol Quenlaro and the stale ot Mexico, stares. Zacatecas 272,003 CHIEF CITIES. Zacatecas 40,000 Gauanwhato (j0,000 St. Louis Polosi 25,000 Quemaro 3J.O00 Cauanawhato 5Ui),UUO St Louis Potosi 250,000 Qufntaro 200,000 (j uada'ahara or IlaliBco C00.000 Mexieo 1,500,000 Guadahara Mexico 90,000 200,000 3.5-2-2,000 These States must b passed through they must be occupied and the line of march ol the army, must be kept open VVe deceive ourselves grossly, if we judge of the facilities of conquering these .Slates, by the revolutions amon themselves, A Mexican general at the head of ten thousand men, approaches the cily of Mexico, or Guadalahura. a prononcia'tienin takes place among the soldier and citizens ol tho city, and they invite the revolutionary ar my to enter as Iriends and countrymen. If we look for many pronur.ciamientoes, in favor of an invading American sirmy, 1 fear we shall be disappointed. There was nothing of the kind at Monterey, and there is still less likelihood ot such fraternizaiiou, the turiher we penetrate the country. But did not Cortez take the city ol Mexico with nine hundred men? Not exactly. Cortez had se his allies, two hundred thousand warriors, twenty thousand of whom were Tlascalaus, the bravest in all that region fie was six dare in taking the city, having divi ded his immense army into lour divisions of fifty thousand each, entering the city at four points, and levelling all the houses on the way, until they met in the great square. Suppose the Mexicans will not meet our army in the fit Id, even with the greatest superiority of numbers, yet, we must expect to have hard fighting in the mountain passes, end in taking towns constructed entire'y of stone or brick, and in combusjable. Gen Whiilock attempted to take the city of Buenos Ayres which hsd tinle or no means of defence, except the barricades across lhe streets, and the flat roofs of the houses; his armv was twelve thousand strong, yet tie was repulsed with the loss of more than five thousand men! The Texans appear to understand better the mode of taking these towns. Suppose we should be so loriunate as lo take the city of Mexico, and the republic still refuse to make peace on such terms as we may please to dictate, or on any terms? Shall we attempt the conquest af a country that we do not want; and which, I, lor one, would be very sorry to see annexed considering the wretched character and condition, of the greaier part ol iispopula tion! Will the takiue of the chief city be the conquest of the Republic? Lei us consider for a moment, what lorce the Mexicans can bring into the field, in defence of their homes, and as gated by ha - thev believe. oT tnetr altars, insli itred towarde us, and that sense of degradation,

Inch even tbe dullest of the human race rnnit

feel, at the idea of ubiuiratioo by a loreign enemy. 1 aliould not be surprised, if two hundred thousand men could be embodied and armed for such an occasion. This would be a different affair from f quipp.nan srrnjr to march a thousand miles to aitsck Texas or the United States. They would he called out to defend the very soil on which they lire, I have made rougli estimate ot me oiaieo onu cuca iw um subdues, belore reaching Mexico; let us now look st those still remaining to be subdues, and adjacent tothebtate ot Mexico. 8TATES. CHIEF CITIES. Michuacan 450,000 6UO.O0O 900.000 200.000 100,000 75,000 Valladolid Wahaca Puebla . Vera Cruz Chiapa Tobasco 25,000 40,000 68,000 15,000 3,000 5.000 Wahaca Puebla Vera Cruz Chtapa Tobasco 2,325,000 After conquering so many cities and States.. before the taking of the city of Mexico itself, and garrisoning all those places, 1 would ask, what portion ol our army of twenty-five thou sand men can be spared to complete the con quest ol the remaining two millions of people? 1 will leave the reader to pursue tne subject oim. sell, and perhaps he may also come to a just conclusion as to the other plans ot taking Mexico, from Vera Cruz or Tampico. And suppose we take the city ol mexico, 1 ask again, will it be the conquest of the Mexican Republic When Cortez look the city, he at the same time overturned the dynasty and empire of-the Montezumas, which had beome odious to tbe sur rounding nations, n was, in tact, tney wno overthrew that empire, under the guidance and assistance of the Spaniards, little thinking that they were only fighting for the benefit of thoie siangers. 1 think upon the wuo'.e, we naa better content ouiselres with the Sierra ftfadre as a present boundary, and act on the defensive from a ny attack beyound that boundary. With the possession ot isaltillo, the armies we have in that country will be sufficient to cheek the ad vance of any Mexican lorce, likely to be sent" for some time. Thereare but three passes through those Mountains, or rather natural inclined planes, to ascend to the table lands, sir or seven thousand teet above lhe level of the sea. Una of these is formed by the Ponuco, which, rises in the lakes near Mexico, and enters the Uulf nea' Tampico, alier a course of the three or lour hundred miles, and descending six or seven thousaud Icet in that distance. For the greater part of tire way, there is only a mule path, along which, an army cannot march either to Mexico or San Louis de Potosi. The pass of Chiwawa, formed by the Rio Conchas, is at too great a distance Irom Mexico, and is not likely lobe attempted. The pass of Saltillo, ia the tuily way by which Mexico can send an army to encounter us. We must, iherelore, direct alt our energies to the taking ot that place, and we cannot expect either to take or keep it, without hard fighting. The suggestion in one of ray communications, of changing the destination of Gen, Wool, and going from Presidio to Mout cloves, aud th-nco to Sahiifo, appears to agre ' with the views of the Government. Another ' army of four or five thousand men should march from Matamoroa to Tampico and take that place in conjunction with the naval force We should direct our chief attention, however, to tbe complete subjection of the Statea between the Sierra Madre and the Rio Grande. Our moan. I' d riflemen must be set to work to break up tbe Ranchero guerillo parlies, the only warlike resistance to be encountered, for tbe great mass ol the poorer peasantry of the?e remote dependencies of Mexico, are rather disposed to be passive, and the better part of the population are inactive aud unwarlike. These savage Ranclteros. more cruel and barbarous than the most furious InSiati tribes, bear a resemblance to tbe guachos ot the Pampas of Buenos Ayres.' They are, perhaps, less brave seldom attacking without the advantage of groat superiority of nam-: -berssnd position. ' But the great event of ll; war, is the taking , oi Ca liiornia, and the Bay of San Francisco, the gem of the shores of the Pacific. England has long had her eye upon, and it is on!y wonderful that ehe has not laid her paw upon tt before ihie. 1 verily believe that if Mexico had set tip Northern California for sale, England would have bidden a hundred million ot dollars for it. The .vsr with Mexico was too sudden snd unexpected for England, and the taking of Galifornia ' equally so. This country was destined certain as fate to fall into the hands of England, or of the United States, and the true question wss, which should get possession first. Mexico could not hold it. It was three thousand mites off by land and separrte I by the territory of the uiicoiiquered Apaches anil the impassible desserts ol the Colorado, while she lias no means of , keeping up a communication by sea. For us to ' give up California, would only be to surrender it to Great Britain. - It is a remarkeble fact, that the only route through which-a carriage can pass bom the low lands of the coast to the upper country,, with the , single exception of the road from Vera Cruz lo Mexico, is through a pats leading from Monterey to Sal il lo. These then are the only two routes by which an invading army can reach Mexieo. Mr. Phi lips, who was sent out from Ehglsnd in 132-2, wiih some machinery for the mines of Catorce, wss obliged to commence the transportatmn at Atamona, near Tampico, and proceed in a nmtberly direction to Monterey thence to Saltillo. The journey consumed several . months, being protracted by tbe s:ate ot the roads and bridges' The following spirited song, written by the late Major Ringgold, a short time previous 10 his death.-was furnished to the Feliciana Whig by an officer of the Army: THE DRAGOON'S SOXG. ' ; DEDICATED TO THE SBAVe CAPTAIN MAT. A fleet steed with a flowing main, - A troop that loilows fast. That fills ihe wide and spreading plain, And sounds the battle blast; And sounds the battle blast, my boys. While, like an arrow bright, Away the brave steed sweeps, be bears The warrior to the fight ' Away the brave steed sweeps he beara Tbe warrior to tbe fight. On, for a nice and gentle ns, I've heard a fair one sigh, But give to me that warrior eteed, ' His white crest arching high; His white crest arching high, my boyi, His motion grand and free. He sweeps along the boundless plain, 'Midst death and victory, 'Midst death and victory, my boys, 'Midst death and victory, lie sweeps along tbe boundless plain, 'Midst death and victory. There's lightning in his flashing eye, There's dauger in his boaml, Hark to the trumpet, warriors brive, . . The battle rages round; The battle rages round, my boyi, The war-horse charges tree. The field ol battle is our own, 'M idst shouts of victory ; 'Midst shouts of victory, my boje, 'Midst shouts oT victory. The field of battle is ours own, ' . 'Midst shouts of victory. DrFFEBEiNT Sorts of Loaeers. Different nations have different kinds ol loafers. The Italian loafer spends his time in sleeping; the Turkish loafer in dreaming; the Spanish in praying; the French in laughing; the English in swearing; the Russian in gambling; the Hungarian in smoking; fhe German in d.rinkin2" Bnd American in talking poliIIS.B.

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