Daily Wabash Express, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 7 July 1889 — Page 6

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TOE WORK IN SCOTLAND YARD

A Glance Into the System of Famous English Detectives.

The

MEN WHO KEEP WATCH ON THE NATIONS OF THE WORLD

Dynamite Plots Discovered as Soon as Formed—Small Rewards to Informers.

fA little ({rimy archway on the lefthand eide Bfi you walk from Trafalgar square towards the abbey on the street that governs England is the entrance to

Scotland Yard. Against the pillars lean evermore two or three indifferentlydressed men whoee function it is to eye the passing public suspiciously. If the gaudy horse-guards somewhat farther down Whitehall remind you of gay right bowers, these gentlemen will recall the humble necessary seven and eight spots of the game of government. They are the English detectivee, of whom everybody has heard so much in recent years. The specimens on view are not striking. They look well fed and com fortable, but they are hardly the sort of men that a student of Wilkie. Collins or Gaboriau would expect. Their failures in crimes which rise above larceny burglary and vulgar murder are more easily understood when the system and the men are studied.

Xjike everything in the neighborhood of Westminister, Scotland Yard has its traditions reaching back to the days of the Plantagenets but from a royal resi dence and a king's prison it has come now to be the local habitation and name of the secret service of the English crown. There is a criminal museum to be seen here, with mementos of thieves and murderers of high and low degree an ordinary police station and last of all the offices of the "Criminal Inves tigation Department." A group dingy old houses surrounds the courtyard, all of them built on different levels and in different times, with modern passages cut through. So that the sightseer is always going up or down two or three steps or losing himself in blind hallwayB that lead nowhere, or coming unexpectedly back to where he started from. The stone stairway leading to the upper offices has been channeled in the center by a flood of four centuries of passing shoes, so that it is worn away almost to an inclined plane instead of a flight of staccato stepB. Over everything, in everything, and through everything there are grime and gloom. The little windows are smoky fog lies in the courtyard, and even the diffused daylight by which the Londoner distinguishes night from day is more vaporous and unsatisfactory here than elsewhere.

Up to 1877 the London detective police was a close corporation, irresponsible and independent, managed entirely from within. In that year occurred the "great detective Bcandal," in which three members of the force were proven beyond all doubt to be in regular partnership with an organized gang of swindlers. The usual remedy for all the ills that civilization is heir too was applied —a royal commission, namely—and the present system is the outcome of the work done then by Mr. Howard Vincent. Plain clothes men were first put on the force in 1812. They were formerly attached to each station. Now they are under the central control. There are 400 in summer time and 700 in winter, the ranks being filled from the uniformed force. Still, these do not make the body which is usually referred to as Scotland Yard. These are a chosen corps of about eighty men of whom each has the rank of inspector—about equivalent to a lieutenant of Chicago police. They form a division by themselves called the "C. O." and are under the immediate command of the assistant commissioner of police of the home office. Their general duty is confined to the metropolitan area, but they are constantly at work on investigations for the government and for foreign governments. About twenty of the men are employed on political matters solely, and of these ten nave made a specialty of Irish affairs both in Ireland and Amer-

The political detectivee have the of it. They are intrusted with spending of tbe secret service moneys, and much of it of course is expended without vouchers or acoounts. Sometimes they receive handBome presents from foreign governments. One London detective was given £2,000 in 1886 for information furnished the Russian minister, which is said to have saved the czar's life. The secret service fund is a large one. Indeed it is as large as the home office may at any time demand. In the years 18Sl-'82-'83-'84-'85, when dynamite activity was at its worst, bills for "information" reaching £5,000 were on several occasions paid, according to the statements of the officers themselves. Smaller Bums, from one hundred to six hundred pounds, are paid out freely to smaller informers. "It is a case of fighting the devil with lire," said Detective H. Hutton, one of the Scotland Yard men now stationed in Dublin, to a Tribune reporter in that city last winter. "We muBt get this information, and there is only one way to get it—and that is to buy it. As long as these Irish societies keep up their work there is danger to life and property and the money paid out is only eo much insurance which the government can well afford to give for comparative security." "Isn't rather expensive?" "No. The amounts paid out are grossly exaggerated. I could buy any information I wanted about Dublin for a £20 note. That is a heap of money in a poor country and among a poor people. You see to do anything among theee Fenians and dynamiters they must take a lot of men into the secret. Now, if twenty men know a thing there are two or more of them who will be willing to sell it. Of course, we get swindled right along but I'd

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The visitor is shown the lions most politely. Whatever other criticism may apply, it is certain that the London police, from highest to lowest, are courteous and helpful to the stranger within their gates. They take all manner of trouble to exhibit and to explain everything, from the infernal machine with which the Nelson monument was to have been blown up, to the organization

of the police force and the general workings of the British constitution. Police are police all the world over,and there is not enough difference between London and Chicago to justify a detailed description of how the "Bobby" comes to his calling and promotion. It is in the secret Bervice alone that the difference begins.

This difference in the prices of information between the old country and America is corroborated by Mr. Robert Pinkerton, who in chatting with the reporter on the subject said: "It is all nonsense talking about the large sums which are said to have been paid out by Scotland Yard. Some eight or nine years ago I was over there on business and I had to get a statement from a crooked source. I expected to have to ay about one hundred pounds for what wanted—that is what it would cost me here, and I asked the inspector if that would be about right. He stared at me in horror and threw up his hands, saying: 'My God, man! You'll spoil every thief in England—£10 is more than enough—it will be liberal.' Of course they can't buy what they want in this country for such figures,but they do not pay much over there."

The pay of the Scotland Yark men proper averagee twenty-three pounds or about one hundred and fifteen dollars a month—a large salary for London, where five shillings a day li considered fair wages and expert clerks and salesmen are glad to make £10 a month. Beside the Balary there is always a liberal traveling allowance, and all expenses incurred in the line of duty are paid without queetion. Vouchers are seldom asked for, nor even itemized accounts. Sometimes these expense bills are heavy, especially when there are ocean voyagee to be made. The ordinary traveling expenditure is about two pounds a day.

As the secret service iB largely political, one function of Scotland Yard is the foreign ^correspondence, which is carried on invariably in the language of the country to or from which the letters are. directed. As England's relations oover the whole world this part of the work is exceedingly interesting. Polyglot translators, who know every tongue under the sun, are constantly at work turning Russian, Hindustani, Persian and Chinese into police English, and vice versa. There are also employed expert cryptologists who are supposed to be able to unravel the blindeet of ciphers and it is a fact that the aid of the English experts has been more than once called in by both Russia and Germany in this work. The cipher used by Scotland Yard itself is the old movable keyword. The key generally being the name of the plaoe to which the message is sent.

In 1883 a mailbag belonging to the British embassy was captured and a number of cipher messages taken, some of which were afterward printed in Le Figaro in Paris and oopied into Irish and English papers. One of these crypt

Words Jrom the German, by I. D. FOULON.

Con espressione. 93.

'X -V*'"

deep,

2. turn,

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string.

1. will, 2. fans

sooner be swindled ten times than miss one important disclosure. There are never any big sums paid out except in exceptional cases. A five pound' note will go a long ways. Of course, if we have to uncover a man and put him on the witness stand then we have to send him away somewhere and take care of him afterwards—that ie only fair. If we didn't we would find it hard ever to get any man to go into the box. Even that is not much. A couple of hundred pounds is ample." "How about those big amounts that are said to be paid out?" "I never knew anything of the kind in Ireland. If there are any big payments they have gone to America or Russia. I believe a man could keep his finger on the pulse of Irish conspiracy here in Dublin and not spend £3,000 in his natural life. Of courae state secrets and military information coet heavily—and from what I have heard about yotir American informers, they come higher than ours here in Ireland."

TISJ ALONE CAR TELL.

1. The whole world knows that, in my heart, There-is an image, graven 2. Thou know est that my joy and rest Up-on thy glances ev-er

From which my song That ev' iy -breath

till fast in death I sleep the flame with which I burn

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It is altogether probable that the words in this stenograph have been divided wrongly, and thoee who have put in some time upon the unriddling of the letter believe that the letter

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year is 15,000 a year and expenses, oughly the

is a

non-significant, which haa been put in only for the purpose of confus'ng the lproper inquirer.

The common police cipher used between the central office and the lower grade of officers, constables, and the like in England and Ireland is simplicity itself. It consists in a simple transposition of letters, for instance

and "k" for "h," and so through the alphabet. This code is changed the first of each month, and a new key sent out from the central offices in London and Dublin. Almost as soon as it is issued it falls into the hinds of the National League people, who also have their decipherers, and for any security the cipher gives after the third or fourth of the month, police messengers might as well be written in ordinary English.

In cabling a code, cipher is used, which, of course, defies inspection. A specimen of this stenograph received in New York last winter runs thus:

Able—desert—oeean—Chicago—manly revolution—silver—Ireland—pretense. All that is known about this dispatch is that it certainly came from Scotland Yard to an English detective in New York and that it preoeded by a few weeks Le Caron's departure for London.

Most of the English deteotive work in America is done through the Pinkertons but there are always three or four Scotland Yard men in the country watching the dynamite societies and looking after their Irish friends in different parts of the country. These men are chosen with great care, and have privileges and pay beyond their fellows. One of them who was stationed in New York last said to have been paid and expenses. How tnorpreventive work in America has been done is proven by the fact that not one dynamite outrage was planned or executed without information more or lees full being cabled beforehand to Scotland Yard. In some cases shadows have accompanied the dynamitards from the quay in New York to the jail door in England, as was the case with Dr. Gallagher, Through the same agency explosives and infernal machines have been found in spite of the most ingenious concealment and, indeed, so nearly omniscient has Scotland Yard been that many Irishmen believe that the detectives themselves have provided their own work and furnished tneir own dynamite.

Baal* of Computation,

Miss Lulu Strike (to lawyer)—I want to bring legal action against a monster who has trampled on my affections.

Lawyer—Ah, yes that's natural. At how much do you estimate the damages to your lacerated feelings?

Miss Strike-Well, hfr worth $150,000. —[Pufifc •-j

Mot

Teacher—Tomm^, what is the memory? Tommy—Itl^ the faculty—the fac-

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right. Go on." "It is the

the faculty with which—with which we forget thitaga."—[Texas Sittings.

Music by CARL RIEGG.

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draws all its Vart And that heaves my breast But

1889.

Copyil|a(«Kuku Bros

ograms—to show the system—was as follows: -Aaf—a bumtp—esghc—boa—llaon—alaadma— whsoop—euwt—bpwe—sttadje—hlnpfael—p— stoqrsp—ngu—baed—pnbaet—xp—artkrat—7600— msllu?

A DANGEB SIGNAL.

Sometimes a Beat' Should be Taken, If Bankruptcy Threatens. There area good many kinds of headache, says the Hospital. In theee days the nervous headache is a very diBtinct variety. It is generally in front of the head, across the forehead, over the eyes. But it may be in some other part—at the top of the head, at one or .both sides, at the back, or all over. It is painful, de-

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for "k"

ressing, disabling. A man feels at the of the paroxysm like a hunter who 'has galloped his legs clean off, and who could not leap a three-foot ditch to save his life. The spur is of no use, neither is the whip. The pain in the head is worse than either and the patient will rather endure both whip ana spur than make any kind of effort which will make the head pain worse. Phytic by itself is of no use. There is not a single drug known to science which will of itself at once and permanently cure a nervous headache. On the other hand, drugs are not always needed. A complete ohangeof air and circumstances will usually take away the pain in ten or twelve hours. Perfect rest, of a duration proportioned! to the severalty and long continuance of the symptons, will make the cure permanent.

There are, of course, methods in relieving or diminishing the pain, until such time as it may be possible to obtain the complete rest. But the rest is the thing to be secured at all costs. If not, tbe pain goes from bad to worse, and the risk from lees to greater. The final consequence it is impossible to predict, except that a break-down is sooner or later inevitable, and the break-down may be for a year or for a lifetime.

A nervous headache is a danger signal if it be frequent the danger is increased if it be continuous, a catastrophe is imminent. The driver must put on hie brake at all hazards, or he will probably soon have a heap for his life. Then are very few seta of circumstancee in which it is a man's duty to go on with his work when he iB in this condition at all risks. Even a threatened bankruptcy had better be rieked than a threatened life. Besides, a man who is in the unyielding grip of a permanent nervous headache is not really the best judge of his own circumstances. He magnifies and distorts things amazingly. He takes- oounsel of his own fears, aid abandons his hopes and courage altogether. Rest, we repeat, immediate and sufficient net, is the sovereign remedy. A fortnight at once may be better than a year six months hence.

A baas Slaps a Kan's Face. Sinoe a salmon trout leaped from Conesus lake and seized by the nose a boy who was riding in a boat, some years ago, no better fish story has been told in

miaeioner Moody were coming down in a canoe when a black bass leaped from the water and struck the commissioner over the eye with sufficient force to raise a lump on his forehead. The fiah tumbled into the boat, was captured, tried, and convicted of an aggravated assault. This morning he was fried and eaten.—[Rochester Pcjrt-Expi

After a banishment of nearly twenty years a material has this season reappeared, the very name of which was un

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til recently a sign of oommon-plaoe, or very old-faBhioned taste. We refer to barege, that bright,Jreallvsummer-look-ing material which has all of a sudden found ite way among us again. It is both plain and with interwoven border si ripss, and as such now regarded as quite a novelty.—[The season for July.

THOUGHT HB HAD 'KM.

A Traveler Sees aPlnon Snake and Swears Off for All Time. The pinon snake is an inhabitant of the mountains of New Mexico and is never seen in any other section of the country. The season ef the year when the reptile is ripe, says the Albuquerue Democrat, is during the months of uly and August. The serpent is then of bright-red color, reeembling raw meat. Prior to that date he is of a dusky Venetian hue, and to the tenderfoot who has never seen one preeents a horrifying aspect. A oouple of weeks ago a gentleman from the EaBt went to Coyote canyon and while rummaging about the place one of the serpente ran out of the rocks, across the trail, into a pinon tree and then disappeared. When the Bnake first appeared the gentleman was Btartled, but when he saw the thing in the road he became frightened and could not move from his traoks, and it was only after the red reptile disappeared that he recovered his means of locomotion and fled precipitately from the sjjot. The canyon had lost all iatereet for him, and, mounting his horse, he came to Alubuquerque imbued with the idea that he had been drinking too much.

He said nothing about the matter, and had concluded that he had been afflicted with an optical illusion until he overheard an oldtimer detailing his experience with one of these red snakes of the mountains. The gentleman was a prospector, and had epent years in the rocky faetneesee of Colorado, but among the wonders he had seen-never had there appeared to his vision a red snake. While proepecting on the north side of Santa Rosa mountain, at Cerilloe, one hot day in August he became tired and concluded to reet. He hunted up a large pinon tree and reclined in the shade for a quiet nap. Chancing to look up into the tree he saw what he took to be apiece of raw meat hanging across a limb. He got up and threw a stone at the object, which proved to bs ft pibon Bnsk®. Th6 stone struck the reptile and broke ite back, and it dropped to the ground, where, after much heeitancy, the prospector killed it, and upon measuring the same found its lenjfth to b© fivs iwt ninA inchee. The gentleman became interested, and then told the proepector of the sight he had seen. He wae informed that the snake ie a reality, and also that it is harmless, and he now drinks his mint julep again without fear 0 a

Chickens Abducted by a Dog. Mr. Brigham, the dyer of Orlando, has a beautiful and intelligent little dog to whom he is very much attached. He also has a hen. Not long ago that hen hatched some chickens. By some incomprehensible mental process that little dog imagined that die was the mother of the chickens, and aheoould not have been more affectionate to a litter other own puppies than ehe was toward the little chicks. She cuddles and fondles them every day, and attempts to defend them against all intruders. When taken away from the brood she whinea constantly, and when released at once goes back to them. The hen is

a re am ha I so el i. night and day, On thoughts of thee doth dwell.

1. sel dom on me kind ly beam, Tis I 2. mourns or sings, is sad or gay,, Tis .1

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a lone can tell, a-lone can tell, .-.

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completely nonplusBsd, and Mr. Brig' bam is almost as badly puzzled. The little dog and the chicks are the only ones who seem to understand the situation.—[Savannah News.

Facts About Collars.

General Grant wore high and low collars alike. On the necks of the ancients were collars of silver and brass.

Thomas Hood wore a high collar to hide a tumor. The standing collar had its origin in Germany in the reign of Otho IV., 1218.

Byron imported his famous low rolling collar from Belgium. He delighted in exhibiting his white, almost feminine appearing throat.

The jeweled collar of John de Sheppev, bishop of Rochester, who died in 1360, weighed four and a halt pounds. It was a fine example of the clerical splendor of the period.

The early English laymen did not oover their necks. The mailed collar or gorget was introduced during the crusade.

Charlee Dickens when a young man wore a black stock. In later life he assumed the turn down collar.

The sumptuary laws of Richard II. prohibited oollars from being worn. The law was never enforced.

A straight white collar, somewhat like that of a few years ago, was introduced into England in 1804 by the duke of Clarenoe.

Piccadilliee of red and green cloth came into faBhion at the close of the fifteenth century.

Washington wore no collar at all in the last years of his life. The etock or "swathe" had been discarded, and the old gentleman rarely went out visiting.

In 1564 the Elizabethan ruff became the style. They sometimes projected fifteen inches from the neck. The ruff became odious to Jamee I., and he ordered it to be taken off.

The starched ruff was replaced by the Shaksperean collar, favored by the puritans and continued until the death of Charles II., when laae became the rage.

Clothier and Furnisher: President Buchanan's friends were highly incensed because Representative Abraham Linooln made a speech at Springfield, ridiculing the preeident's notorious neckware. He said it always reminded him of an "undertaker's shop."

Altitudinous neckware dates from the directoire. Collars frequently concealed the ears at that period.

General Spinola's collars are laundered by a colored "aunty." They measure 3X inchee in width.

Rowland's "Knave of Hearts," 1611: T^t us have etanding collars in the fashion. We are becoming a stiff-necked generation.

Bill Nye says he always sports a "straight band collar without any projecting masonry or ornamental facade?.

The poet Whittier affects across between a high and low collar. It may be described as a wide band folded near the middle and having a soft, overhanging roll.

A correspondent writes that in the cemetery of Heiligenkreuz, near Vienna, a white marble headetone haa just been

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laced over a grave on which the grass hardly grown green. The inscription on the stone is:

MABUDlBAMUnSS VBZBU. Born Maieh 19,1871. Died Jan. 9% MM. "Life Is a flower It opens and Is plucked." Thie is in memorials of the young woman who shared the tragic fate of Crown Prince Rudolph.

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JOHN RANDOLPH 09 ROANOKE.

A Good Story Recalled by the Death of Thorndlke Bice. The death of Allen Thorndike Rice brings to mind the fact that the noted John Randolph of Roanoke was once minister to Russis. When General Jackson became president there was a strong pressure brought to bear upon him to provide in some way for the erratic and nrilliant statesman from the Charlotte, Va, district. General Jackson was an astute politician, says the Washington Press, and he, no doubt, thought the farther he removed Mr. Randolph ftoju the active scenes of political warfare the better it would be for the sucoeee of hie administration. He accordingly sent in his name to the eenato aa minister to Russia. To the surprise of hie friend Mr. Randolph, upon his confirmation by the senate, accepted the appointment.

It is amusing in theee daye to read Mr. Randolph's lettera to hie Virginia friende as published by his biographer. It was not the negotiation of treaties or the eolution of international questions which perplexed his diplomatic mind, but whether he must appear before the czar in knee-breechee and wear a sword. Mr. Randolph was thin to attenuation, and he manifeets in his letter a moet decided overeion to wearing knee-breechee.

She got it—[Boeton Courier.

those days no person oould appear at court that did not do so, and probably the "Child of Roanoke," aa he has been called, found himself unable to cope with the situation, for he unexpectedly resigned the post after a brief service and returned to the United States.

Her Nautical Knowledge Valuable. They were sitting on the piazza that faced the sea, watching the white-eailed yachts as they crossed the moon's track, when he suddenly said: ... "I think it must be delightful sailing on such a lovely night." "Obi lovely, I should think." "I wish I owned one for your Bake, would take you sailing every night. "That would be juet lovely!" "What kind of a yacht would you prefer—a steam yacht or a sailing one? "I think," she murmured, as she glanced around, "I think I would hue a little Bmack."

Progress of the New South. According to Dixie, an industrial paper published in Atlanta, sinoe 1880 real eetate values in Texas, Alabama, Georgia, Virginia, Arkansas, Florida. North Carolina and South Carolina, have inoreaeed 1794,914,992. In the same period the number of schools in theee eight statee hae increaeed 14,861, making the present total 50,279. During thie time 11,273,777 acres have been added to the area of tillable land.

On General Principles.

Weather Bureau Chief (to assistant)— Well, what's the foroecast for Pennsylvania?

Pint Assistant (looking perolexedFVery confusing. There's a falling barometer in Lehigh, arising one in Lancaster, easterly winds in Berks ana—-

Chief (pettiehly)—Oh, wd" make it "showery," then.—[Philadelphia Inquirer.

In Utah.

There are 170,000 Mormons and 40,000 non-Mormona in Utah.