Daily Tribune, Terre Haute, Vigo County, 13 October 1918 — Page 12

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.SNUO THE VMS

This tells What They Are and All About Them—Modern Menu

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K By Richard D. Hebb. CHICAGO, 111, Oct. 12.—A government request for bids on 3,000,000 ''emergency rations" /or the army in

France bring* to light the interesting iitory of how American industry has broken record* in putting: up the "Iron Ration" that the boys take with them £. "when they go over the top. The "Iron fj ration" is so called because it is imi* pervious to gas, water and air. It is in V an hermetically sealed tin which can St" be slipped into a soldier's pocket

Irithout inconvenience. ".Back in June, tieneral Pershing tabled a request to the quartermaster's department for "a million of the cmergency rations," The quartermaster got in communication at once with the American packers and it developed that this particular ration was a mixture of wheat and beef dried and fround to a powder, and three cakes of chocolate.

The special machinery necessary for putting up thia mtion had been dismantled years before but when' the uigency was made clear the racking officials at once made the telegraph vires hot in locating the needed equipment at the various plants and in ordering the immediate assembling of tfee machinery at their plants.

In ordinary times the ta.sk would have been a matter of months but with necessity as the spur, the actual packing of "iron rations'* was started the first part of August.

The first order was for a million tins and the government wanted them ready for shipment by January 1. Tlie packers commenced turning them out at the rate of 12,000 a day. Then out of a clear sky came the request that the whole order be made ready for delivery In France by Oct. 15.

After a gasp of amasement, the packing people set out to do the impossible. It meant increasing the output to 60,000 tins a day or five time* what the original plan called for. 1 And it has been done,

TJntil a chocolate shortage interfef**sd, the "iron rations" began piling up at a rate of almost 60,000 a day. It seems now that the first million tins will be in France this month. The packers have been directed to make a second million as rapidly as the work can be done and last week the government asked for bids on an additional three million.

Soldiers are not permitted to open the emergency rations except on order 6t an officer or in dire extremity. They are meant to 6ustain life when a man is caught in a shell hole in no man's land or is otherwise prevented Irom obtaining food.

The meat and wheat powder in thetin can be eaten dry in an emergency llut if water is available it makes a palatable gruel or soup and when allowed to thicken and harden, it can bo fried and eaten with relish. The chocolate contents can be eaten as it is or made into a drink.

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"Continued

From Page Eleven.

Pathos. Grouped about the big house are a dozen or more stables and barn« and outhouses, each of which now harbors Americans busily engaged in thwarting the sworn purpose of the Hun to carry his hatred and hating into the capital of France. Talking to one of our generals, I am standing by the side of an old stone fence watching a herd of cows chewing their cud, while a few kilometers away the boom of the guns is constant. The day is beautiful, with here and there a patch of white clouds floating lazily across the heavens. Were it not for the never-ending boom and the ugly shell holes here and there the scene would be peaceful.

And then from behind a clump of trees rises slowly a complicated looking shape which shows itself soon to be one of our observation balloons. As the cable unwinds slowly from a windlass on the back end of a motor truck the sausage goes up and up and up while from the depending basket two young oflioers who a little more than .1 year ago were students at Columbia university wave a greeting to their general. Up and up they go to the end of their tether, and while they are going up a soldier arranges a field telephone with a little box 011 which rests a pad of paper on which he Is to write the message from the sausage telling of what the two observers can see behind the German lines. Finally the cable stops paying out and the sausage stands still. There it is, the favorite target of German airmen and a prize for enemy artillery. Around the waist of each of the observers is tied a rope which is fastened to a parachutc, which they will use if a tioche airman's incendiary bullet hits their big bag. Then we hear the telephone man talking and see hhn busily writing, and we turn away, as it seems that the observers have settled down to their allotted five hours' stunt,

Suddenly the sharp whfstle of the M. P. guard sounds. It means "under cover." The general and I move quickly under the bough of a low-hanging tree and just then there were many muffled explosions. We knew which way to look, and far up in the air could be seen myriad puffs of white smoke, looking for all the world liUo so many cotton bolls as the shrapnel burst in

line which played tag with

a grayish white buslike thing which was a bochs avion on its way to shoot down our balloon. The sound of those bursting shells was mixed with the whir of the motor of the windless

hind

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hauled the balloon downward. The shrapnel burst and burst, tracing a white line around the German flyer. For

Continued From Page Eleven,

tunately the mortality is low, being no more than 0.7 per cent. The facts that make the gas formidable are the irritation of the eyes and throat, with bronchitis, hoarseness, cough, and. in a certain proportion of the men, with temporary loss of voice. Bo far the losses experienced have been slight, falling considerably below enemy expectations. It is now estimated that a large majority of the men will recover. Enemy anticipations in regard to the surprise effects of this gas, owing to its invisibility and lack of odor, seemed doomed to disappointment. It is Siud that soldiers have learned to detect its presence by the smell of garlic, although it is faint and may escape notice when there are other confusing factors. On the whole, so far as can be Judged now, this form of gas warfare is not ag successful as the earlier attacks, and the danger soon may be entirely eliminated.

Hard to Judge.

"Now this stock fell forty points last October, jumped sixty-two notches in November, and fell eighty points in December. What's it going to do next?" "Gosh, I been used to playing the races. dunno bow to figur* psist performances like that*?

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cloud and then there went up a

NOT SO DEADLY NOW

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Think What These Boys H&ve Given For the Cause of Liberty and Then'Decide If You've Bought Enough Bonds

FINISH OF CRUTCH RACE. Many novel athletic events in which wounded and crippled soldiers can compete have been originated to interest the war heroes. One of the events in a tournament at a South

shout from a hundred or mote officers watching. I looked and strained my eyes, and shooting down along the under edge of the cloud was a mass of smoke and flame. Our gunners had bagged their game. The smoking avion (raced a line* downward toward the German lines, We walked into tho general's office as a lieutenant was taking down a message from an outpost to the effect that the German machine had fallen in flames three kilometers behind our lines and the avi-

Dt*. Arthur N. Davis, the kaiser's dentist for fourteen years, relates that when Wilhelm II heard of Wood row Wilson's election it affected him so much that he sent at once for his American dentist. After Dr. Davis had soothed the royal molar, the kaiser began to ridicule the American people for being "so fool-* ish as to elect a professor for president."

If he was thinking of the German professors tvho have debased their high calling by selling their souls to Prussianism for a little ribbon from royalty, he was right. It would be foolish to select a president from a body of men li^ce the ninety-three professors who signed that amazing document excusing Germany. Even German "Lehrfreiheit" is a joke. Those professors are organs that function for militarism and autocracy!

The real foolishness lies rather in the German people who have not one word to say about selecting their rulers, but allow themselves to be buncoed by the "divine right" of the Hohetizollcrns.

If the German people could elect their rulers, they too would prefer to get them out of a university rather than out of a camp, for a professor is much more likely to have regard for the common good, his life being dedicated to the development of youth. This work makes him democratic. He learns that ability, appreciation, talent and genius are not the monopoly of any group or class, but may be found anywhere. He becomes a missionary of divine purposes, and tries to develop in each youth to the utmost capacity the soul implanted by God. He bccomes an apo.stle of individualism. It is not strange, therefore, that he becomes the mouthpiece of small nations oppressed by tyrants, and of peoples enslaved by their hereditary rulers. He believes in liberty* equality, fraternity.

The autocrat is not so. He wants to keep his .subjects all thinking alike, or not thinking at all. He is against freedom of movement, and hence supports caste.' He is against equality 6f opportunity, as upsetting the fiction of a divinely selected ruling class. He is against fraternity, for royalty can only maintain itself by hiding its manifold weaknesses from the common people.

Consider Fresidettt Wilson and Kaiser Withelm in parallel, and you will see why ,the professor is preferable to the hercditery.ruler,,

KaTMi* Wiftre'm

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1. Born in an autocrat's home. 2. Taught that he is a member of a family divinely selected to rule Germany, with the good old

German God as exclusive part-

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S." Is educated with an exclusive set destined to be the governing classes of his country. The children of the common people go to separate schools ,aad arc considered inferior. jl. Finishes his education in camp.

5 Chief sport drilling soldiers. In military tactics the soldier is taught to be strong, to be one of a mass, to let others do his thinking to watch hi» officers and obey blindly above all to learn to kill. He develops dependence, obedience, brutality. t. Becomes king and kaiser.

7. Result: An autocrat who dominates his own country throug-h fo rce, and wants to dominate the earth.

African hospital wan a crutoh race. While the boys didn't cover the distance in 100 yards they made good time, and the finish was just as exciting as those in a regular dash. The liaish is shown in the above picture.

ator had been burned to death before he reached the earth. And then the windlass creaked and I saw the balloon come up from behind the trees again, its rudders flapping in the breeze like elephant's ears, going again on its dangerous but valuable mission. Perhaps the next time, which would come within an hour or so, the boche flyer would get close before our gunners saw hira—and then perhaps he wouldn't. It was all just one little Bideplay in the great game of nations.

THE DEADLY PARALLEL

res Went ^Woodrow Wilson. 1.

Born in a minister'", home. 2. Taught that he is a son of God, and one of the universal brotherhood having a common

Father In Heaven who desires life, life abundant, for all. S. Is educated in the common schools with other children from -•'all walks of life, some of whom later may be chosen by the rest to govern for limited periods. 4. Finishes his education in college. & Chief sport, coaching foot-ball team. In foot-ball the player is taught to be strong, to co-oper-ate and to keep his wits about him to watch the ball and act accordingly above all to play fair. He developes self-reliance, r, "initiative, versatility. C: Becomes professor, eoliege president, governor, President

U. S. A. Result: A democrat who governs his own people by sheer intellectuality and ideality, and wants all people, great and small, to rule themselves.

It may be of interest to the kaiser to know that Woodrow Wilson is not the only professor with whom he has to reckon. The man that sits in the speaker's chair while billions are raised to beat the kaiser is a former college president. The chief of staff is the son of a great professor and has done a little teaching himself. And then there is General Pershing. He too was a teacher. His first job as a teacher was to lick the school bully one afternoon, and the bully's father the next morning. His present job seems to be to teach the enslaved German soldiers how free men can fight, and he won't call the lesson done until he has helped lick the World's greatest bully into humble submission.

KARL MATHIE,

Secy. Illinois Div^ American Friends of German Democracy*

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ItAUTB TBIBUNEipV-, .•/ V- etmoAY, iSCTdBER

Expresses Belief That Kaiser Knows Exactly What He Must Do for Peace.

By Ernest Carp Stevens. AMSTERDAM, Oct. 12.—Events are following on one another with that rapidity which characterized them in the fateful days at the end of July and the beginning of August, 1914.

My information, which I have every reason to believe correct. Is to the effect th'at the German supreme army command had a great deal to do with the astonishing peace proffer.

Ilindcnburg and kudendorff are said to have informed the kaiser and the government some time ago that they now recognize the military situation as hopeless. This view was impressed on the chancellor, Prince Maximilian, by Hindenburg himself during his visit to Berlin.

Ever Blnce the great ocrman offensive began to fctaggor it has been amply demonstrated that it waa Germany's l&st possible effort to impose her peace on the world. Invents tince the Germans were hurled back 'over the Marne have emphatically shown that even a war of defense has become a hopeless, costly struggle, and nothing demonstrates that better than the latest communiques from the west front. So much for the high military point of view.

Maximilian Knows Demand®. From a thoroughly reliable source I learn that the new chancellor is in no uoubt whatever as to the preliminaries likely to be demanded by the entente and America, before negotiations begin. He recognizes clearly that it will be necessary to give considerable guarartees and that even the evacuation of a greater part, if not the whole of Belgium, will not be regarded as too severe to bo agreed to.

The evacuation of the Jiussian provinces is taken in Berlin as bine qua non of peace negotiations.

Indeed, I am informed that the general view held in democratic circles is that Germany and her allies will have to place themselves at the disposal of the entente and America to a degree not greatly differing from that agreed to by Bulgaria.

Expects People To Speak. Indeed, the temper of the German people reflected in the prompt and far reaching action of the government is such that it will demand through the reichstag the sweeping away instantly of every obstacle in the way of negotiations and the degree of concession to the enemy will come very near to peace at any price.

Such, I have every reason to believe, is tha attitude of the democratic powers in Ferlin. who are now in position to enforce their views.

FIVE THOUSAND REFUGEES.

PARIS, Oct. 12 —The American Red Cross has aided 5,000 refugees returning to their homes in tha re-conquered Aisne and Marne districts, in one month's time. Supplies have been sent to Chateau-Thierry, Essones, Dornmns, Troissy, Verneuil and Villers-Cotteret. Motor trucks known as rolling grocery stores make the rounds of the districts to supply the need^ of the homecomers in places where no shops have yet opened.

1 Very Frequently. "What do they mean by honeyfugle?" "To rope into some spurious proposition." "I see. The honey turns eat to £e glucose." .j

SIM IF •1 lit*

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INTOUCA ItfAUCM* AM*

ERNEST C. STEVENS SEES CEHI DOOM

"FIGHTING IRISH" ARE SAViKOF PARIS

Continued

name was Harry Silverstein." Tho speaker reiterated his warning against the peace offensive which he said Germany was preparing to launch (his fall. This drive, he asserted, would be conducted with the object of reaching

the

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From Pao* Elsvsn,

away. If I drive as fast as I ought to it is going to be painful to you. What shall I do about it%" To Which tho other three men replied: "'Drive ahead and drive like hell!"*

The passion of the American soldier for the collection of souveuirs was another subject on which the speaker vouched. One German prisoner, ho said, had summarized the objects for which the various alied nations were lighting in these words: "The English are fighting

icans are figiiUnfi ua

because

they hate us the French because the war

on French soil, but the Amer

because they wimt

souvenirs." "I once saw a diminutive American sergeant leading three Boche prisoners back from the front line trcnches. DanglinR from a string over one of the sergeant's shoulders were six German field glasses, each worth about J60. Over the other shoulder were hum? four automatic pistols. That

sergeant's

"weak sisters and tho Lands-

dowries fn the United States." To heed the Teutonic overtures he declared would amount to a

betrayal

the front. German

the boys

Superman All Bunk,

"They have the Germans on the run," he declared. "They learned alter the first few days in the trenches that all this talk about the German superman was bunk. The American soldier has met the German fighting man tha. lield and has got his number. The American soldier's only fear is that peace may be concluded in the back yard. He wants a peace by military decision. Don't stop him don't impede hira by hanging to his coat tails. He knows he can lick the Boche let him do it."

The speaker described Gen. Peyton C. Marsh, the American cnier or staff, as a capable, unassuming man, anxious to share all the hardships experienced by his soldiers. His usual attire, Gibbons said, was the regular $9 khaki suit handed out by the commisgary department to the enlisted man. "I have seen him in hip

boots

WorTt-

ing in the trenches," said the speaker, "and his stubby beard and the cigar in the corner of his mouth reminded one of the description so frequently given of Gen. Grant."

In the audience wa« a Wfteral sprinkling of soldiers, sailors and marines. One of the latter—a young man in his early 20s—had lost a leg at Chateau Thierry. i

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KNIGHTS OF OLD IN ACTION ONCE

Have Modsla Handy.

Fortunately, the Metropolitan Museum possesses one of the greatest collections of armor in the world. The workshop wa: established for the purpose of cleaning, repairing and restoring tho precious pieces assembled with great care from all parts of the world. It happened that included in tha collection are tho 90 kinds of anvils and "stakes," several hundred hammers of different types, and curious shears and other instruments.

When the war began, the director of the museum, acting with the sanction of the trustees, placed the department of armor at the disposal of the secretary of war. Since then many designs have been carefully worked out by Maj. Dean, formerly curator of the department of armor, who went to France to study needs last autumn and since then has been directing the adaptation of the models in accordant with, suggestions made by Gen. Perusing.

Twenty-five types of armor have been made, so far, in the various factories, In lots varying from 100 to many thousand pieces. These armor defenses include arm and leg guards, which are considered most important, in view of the fact that hospital statistics in France and England show that 40 per cent of hospital casualties suffered were leg wounds and 3d per cent arm wounds.

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Armor for Modern Warfare is Being Experimented Witli on a Very Extensive Scale.

Maude Hester Claris

XEW YORK, Oct. 12.—-Perhaps the strangest workshop in the united States is situated in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Now York City, where are being produced from pieces of ancient armor models to be adopted,, and copied for the u»e of soldi'rs -f the United States army.

famous

French artisan is in charg" of the shop, which has been turned over to the ordnance brunch of the army.

Helmets, shields, and breastplates will be made for our soldiers, Inasmuch as the war In Europe has brought back into use many discarded weapons and practices of medieval times. Hand-to-hand fighting has caused tho adoption of heavy breastplat"^ by the Germans end lighter, breastplates by the English, whl'e armored waistcoats are worn by the Italians. All the armies employ steel helmets and trench shields.

Vickroy's Art Shop

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