Democratic Sentinel, Volume 18, Number 1, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 19 January 1894 — Page 3

DOMESTIC ECONOMY.

TOPICS OF INI EREST TO FARMER AND iiOUSEWIFE. « flow to Constrac; t Wire guimsloo Foot Bridge—Selecting and Preserving Seed Cora—To Corn ‘Thump*” in Pigs—(ieneral Farm Notes. A Suspension Foot Bridge. Fix>t bridge in both mountainous and nearly level regions, acrossstreams from ten to one bundrtd feet In width, would often be a great convenience and save going around to cross on some public bridge. Since wire has become so plentiful and cheap there is no great difficulty in having foot bridges across almost any

WIRE SUSPENSION BRIDGE.

stream less than on# hundred feet in width. Posts are set firmly in tne ground from four to ten feet back from the margin of the stream, as shown in the illustration, from a sketch by L. D. 8 nook. Against %hese posts is placed a strong piece of timber of some durable wood, around which are firmly secured the ends of the wire intended for the bridge support. A fifty-foot bridge requires eight No. Bor 9 gauge annealed fence wire placed from six to to eight inches apart, always remembering that the shorter and narrower the bridge the Jess weight In foot boards It will be obliged to support, consequently the more durable it will prove. The wires should not be drawn to tightly, but should have a curve of about ten inches In a fiftyfoot bridge. Make the floor of some light, durable wood one inch thick and four inches in width. Commence laying at one end, fastening each end of the board to the outside wire with a staple driven underneath. Place the boards one inch apart. The posts should be about four feet in height, over which are strqnghand wires firmly secured to anchor posts as shown. Short guy wires are placed every few feet and connected with the outside foundation wires; these not only add to the supporting strength of the structure, but prevent the bridge swaying in heavy gales. If heavy stones are placed near the posts for the cross timber to rest against the structure will prove more durable. Kapidly-growing trees planted near the posts may, in a few years, be used to replace them. Where the embankments are low, raise the end timbersso that the foot wires will be in no danger of injury by floodwood during freshets. If short sections of two-inch gas-pipe be used for all the posts and for the end crosspiece, and once in five years the wires are painted where they are wrapped around the end support, the bridge will prove good and serviceable for fifty years.—American, Agriculturist

Doing; Away with Pastures. A. B. Barrett thinks that pood farmers will soon adopt soiling almost exclusively in place of pasturage. That a steadier supply of food can thus te provided is unquestioned. Pasturing is wasteful whether there is abudnance of feed or not. Mr. Barfett believes that with good soiling one and a half or two acres of good rich land can be made to furnish feed for a cow a whole year, but in<. pasturing five acres are required for summer and one for hay for winter feed. The saving in this is quite evident, especially where the tax on every acre amounts to considerable. Now, in the fall, is the time to begin soiling, and to do it properly preparations should be maae so that the first feeding can be made in April and steadily thereafter. Winter rye is the first crop that should be planted. This should be put in in October or at the latest November, With good preparations of the soil and good seeding the rye should take a steady growth as soon as the first signs of spring appear The clover or grass seeds must be sown, too, and the rye will last until the grass ( is ready to grow up for eating. Clover or orchard grass seeds must be sown, too, for they give an abundance of good, rich, food. Early corn must be planted as soon as possible in the spring, and by the time the clover or orchard grass gives but the green corn should be ready for eating to take up the succession. Meanwhile the second planting of rye has been attended to, and wnen the corn gives out the rye will be ready for fall food. Thus, all through the summer, a succession of green crops has been supplied to the cows, and with a little preparation in another line, the same can be continued through the winter. Either beets or mangels, or silage should be grown for winter feeding, and this will complete the year. To grow,;J \ of these crops considerable planning is required, but after the succession is once practiced it is not a difficult matter to follow and improye upon it. Every available space of land must be utilized. —Hartford Courant. To Keep Trees from Breaking. Prof. W. E. Massey, Horticulturist of the North Carolina Experiment Station, gives the following in reply to an inqu ry as to the best method of keeping peach trees from breaking down. Peach trees usually breaa • down because of neglect in pruning and shaping the young tree. The peach bears its fruit on last yeti's shocts. If the growth is neglected the fruit-bearing wood gradually gets further and further out on the ends of the limbs, and the weight ot the crop has a tremendous leverage and splits the limb off. When we plant a young peach tree, of one year’s growth from the bud (the only age at which they should be planted,) we cut the stem back to

about eighteen to twenty inches from the ground. When growth begins in spring, we rub off all the shoots except three or four at the top, which form the limbs for the future bead. These are again shortened back in the fall one third; and when the shoots are too thick Id the interior of the head and interfere with each other, they are trimmed out. Every fall the young growth ol the season is shortened back onethird, and care is taken to maintain an even distribution of young wood all through the head of the tree. The crop is thus distributed over the tree and no damage is done, if the tree is planted and allowed to take the natural shape it assumed in the nursery, the limbs will more readily split off than when formed by heading back. How to Preserve Root Catting*. It is quite common for those desiring new plants from cuttings, says the American Cultivator, to place them in a bottle of water, keeping the whole cutting, except a bud, submerged roots form. The practice of gardeners is to place the cutting in damp sand, and they claim that the sharp particles of sand rubbing against the smooth end of the cutting hasten the callousing from which the roots are started. No manure of any kind should be allowed to come in contact with cuttings. The first roots formed are very lender.and sappy. They will rot off as fast as they form if heating manure is placed near them. After the cutting has been well rooted it may be planted in richer ground, but even then the filling around the roots had better be sa: d than rich earth or manure. When the roots grow, they will reach the manure fast enough if within reaching distance, and this for a latge vine may be fifteen or twenty feet distant. Skim Milk Cheese. There is a great outcry In some quarters against either making or selling cheese from which any of the cream has been removed. Yet it is true that if all tne butter fats of rich milk are left in it when they go into the vat all above 4 per cent, go into the whey and are lost. The practice of many good farmers in making cheese for their own use is to skim each alternate mess of milk 12 hours after setting. Th s with milk in the pan would leave a good deal of cream to r se. Such skim milk was mixed with the new milk of the next mess. Cheese thus made was as rich and as good flavored as if a greater portion of cream was left to be thrown to the pigs, because the cheese could absorb do more. It is fraudulent practices of different and worse sort than these that have brought American cheese into disrepute in the English market. Thumping: Pigs. Pigs will “thump” in almost any internal disease; hence we could not decide from the statement received what the ailment would be, and no other material symptoms are given us. We have often stated that whenever a number of animals are sick on a place, and when deaths occur, that it is desirable, to have one or more of the carcasses cut open soon after death, and a careful memorandum made of the appearance of all internal organs. This, in connection with a short description of the symptoms exhibited by the animals during their sickness, would be a valuable assistance in forming a diagnosis of the disease. As it is now, we are sorry not to be able to give any correct advice in this instance—Prairie Farmer.

Currying the Cows. It Is as gratifying to the cow as it is toia horse to be groomed, brushed, and carried. Do it carefully so as not td grate the teeth of the currycomb on the cow’s bones where they are prominent, but the cow likes it all the better if curried heavily on her neck ana back. Good grooming will make the hair smooth and glossy, especially if with it goes guod feeding. It is impossible to get the most from cows that do not have the best care, and thorofigh grooming in winter is one of the most important points of good management. In the summer cows will rub themselves against trees and fences, but their hair does not get so full of dirt in pasture as it is sure to do in winter in the stable. Farm Notes. Some farmers make it a point to produce enormous hogs, and the weights are published as news, but it is doubtful if such hogs are as profitable as those that are of medium size. A Cornell experiment station bulletin, concerning raspberries and blackberries, says that the only remedy for red-rust is to dig up and burn at once every plant found to be affected. Cut away and burn all canes affected with anthracnose pits, and spray the plantation with Bordeaux mixture. Farmers are rapidly learning that the best way to rest land is to keep it actively at work betwesn sale cropfl, gathering fertility from the air by means of leguminous crops Whatever rotation is practiced, never let it be one in which a tteia is let to lie a whole season growing only weeds for future brow sweatings. A Southern farmer says if the tire of the wagon becomes loose pour a gallon of boiling hot linseed oil in a suitable vessel, and, with the help of an assistant, place the wheel directly over it and immerse the felloes wholly in oil. Apply on the hub with a'Vbrush. When dry repeat, after which give the who.e wagon a good coat of paint. In order to be wholly successful a farmer should make his plans fer a long time in advance of the day when they must be put into operation. The best way is to mature a plan of operations that will require soma years for fully carrying them out This brings better results than the changeable way that some have ot trying one way this year and another the next. .An eminent scientist claims that the time will come when all crops will be grown by irrigation, and that “water is king,” instead of cotton and corn. Irrigation is as yet in its infancy, but the improvements that are constantly being made in pumps and Wind mills will do more to regulate moisture than any experiment! to control the rainfall.

CAUSE OF THE PANIC.

TREASURY WAS EMPTIED BY THE REPUBLICANS. Mr. Cleveland Left a Clear Surplus of Over One Hundred Millions at the Close of Hla Former AdminUtration— Admission of New States. Meet the Situation Boldly. There is sn opportunity for the President. If not a positive duty, by a special message- to Congie-s. to laybefore the country the exact condition of the national treasury and the steps by which this condition has been brought about. The exhaustion of the treasuty is the direct result of a deliberative policy. The people are entitled to know just how that policy has worked, since they are now appealed to in its defense. They can in no way gain this knowledge so" well as from an authoritative < statement of the process by which the the treasury was reduced from abundance to bankruptcy. The Republican organs do not tell this. They dwell cn tne fact that the revenues have fallen off in the last six months. They do not explain that this temporary deficiency would be .of trifling importance had not the Treasury been emptied of its accumulations and the expenditures raised beyond the revenues _ by tho policy steadily pur.ued, both'by tho Congress and the executive, frem 1889 to 1893. Mr. Cleveland left a clear surplus of over a hundred millions, independent of the reserve for tho protection of the currency, with the ordinary expendituresaveraging $283,000,100 a year, or $105,500,000 less than the annual revenues. He received bick a Treasury actually emptied, with even the gold reserve impaired, and the ordinary expenditures raised, by an enormous pension list and other fixed charges, to $383,500,000, the actual payments last year exceeding the actual receipts. The excess oi expenditures over receipts could be easily met and corrected if the Treasury reserves had been left unimpaired. But they were gone. In one summer, during the panic of 1890, the Secretary of the Ti easury poured into the market a million dollars a day for seventy days, in the purchase of bonds, paying in that year alone a premium of over twenty millions to extinguish a debt not due". No doubt it was a help to business, but it exhausted the resources of the Government; so that in the worse curroncy panic of last summer the Secretary was powerless. During the three years from 1889 to 1891, $48,000,000 of the surplus had gone, not to the payment of debt, but to the payment of premiums alone. But this was not the worst. It was no doubt expected that the silver bullion purchased under the Sherman law would serve for the redemption of the Treasury notos issued against it. But the plan was a failure. The actual effect of the law was to drain the Treasury of its sound as-ets and substitute an accumulation of unmerchantable silver bars, which cannot be used in the payment of obligations and represent an absolutely dead investment. As the national credit lies at the foundation of business credit, distress and panic were the only possible results of this reckless and unfortunate policy, associated, as it was, with a tariff whose very purpose was to hamper commerqe and whose effect was to demoralize industry. The present administration has thus to meet the catastrophe ripened under its predecessors, with the expenditures already fixed and the immediate resources of the treasury exhausted. The Government is actually in debt, as the result of the po icy inaugurated by the billion-dollar Congress. The present Congress will have to provide for this deficit by a loan. It should do so boldly and promptly, taking care that the country shall understand exactly where the responsibility belongs. —Philadelphia Times.

Trying to Shanghai Reform. The Washington Post aptly recalls the story of the British herring eurer, who was for freo trade in everything but herrirg, anent the mass of correspondence now being poured in on Chairman Wilson by every mail, of which the following is a characteristic sample: I understand you propose to put poultry on the free list. lam raising Shanghai chickens out here in Nebraska and get *6 a pair for them: but if you let in chickens from China free, it will destroy my business. I have been a Democrat all my life, but if what you are proposing Is Democracy, I have voted the Democratic ticket for the last time. There are numbers of Democrats of this Shanghai breed in various States who are for the party so long as Democracy is their especial rooster. Their ideas of political duty and of public policy are bounded by the palings of their hencoops. They look on China as a personal enemy, just as they regard commercial freedom as a china egg contrived to natch out a brood of misfortunes for their personal bedevilment and aggravation. These Shanghai poultrers, who are willing that everybody else, even to the herring curers, should be taxed to support the Government, and that their own lifelong Democracy should make them “deadheads in the enterprise,” delight to call themselves Democrats when they have an ax to grind; but they think it most intolerable that any chicken of theirs should over get the ax. Such lifelong Democrats don’t know the meaning of the title they disport; and the sooner they shall drop off the Democratic roost, into the Republican henyard the better it will be for the interests of Democracy and for the chicken-eaters of the country.— Philadelphia Record. New States. ~ Biils have passed the House of Representatives to admit to Statehood Utah and Arizona, and doubtless New Mexico will soon bo added to the list, and possibly Oklahoma* It is claimed by the Republicans that Utah ought not to be admitted because of it 3 having tolerated and sanctioned polygamy. It is conceded that this institution is no longer sanctioned or defended. Utah has'a larger population than two or three combined of the six States admitted within the pa3t fe *• years, and is in every way bettor equipped for Statehood than any of them. It is claimed that Arizona and New Mexico have not the requisite population to entitle them to admission as States. Possibly that may be true, but this objection comes with poor grace from those who favored the admission of Idaho, Wyoming, and Washington. It is not denied that these States were all admitted lor the sole purpose of adding Republican strength to the Senate. blow that the Democrats are in the ascendant it may be that they feel well assured that Democratic Senators will come from these new States, and on this account are zealous for their admission. Republicans set a bad example, and they have no occasion to find fault if their opponents follow it. They relused to take in Utah and New Mexico, as they would probably add to the Democratic strength in the Senate. It becomes tlhe Republicans to keep silent, not murmur or complain, but quietly take some of the medicine they had administered to their political antagonists. It is an old saying that

“curses, like chickens, always oome home to roost." Mean and dishonest precedents are very apt sooner or later to trouble those who set them. To make the charge that the motive of the Democrats in pressing the admission of Utah and Arizen 1 is to get more political power in the Senate is an admission that this was the object of admitting Idaho and Wyoming to statehood when neither of them had a population to justify it—Cincinnati Enquirer. High Tariff Produces Trusts. Trusts are the natural and legitimate offspring of a high tariff. Offering a bounty to manufacturers causes them to enlarge their plants and increase production beyond the noi mal demand. Tempted by the prospect of large profits, which are rendered certain bv the prohibition of foreign competition, capitalists invest in manufacturing enterprises, and the result must be that home competition produce i an excess of that kind of goods which renders it certain that some must go to the wall unless a combination is formed to limit production, fix prices, and parcel out the territory which each fa.-tor in the combine shall supply. An overproduction of the goods "would necessarily knock down tho price. The home competition would be a regular cut-threat business. Tho artificial stimulant given to the home producer by the tax levied upon the products of foreign competitors,being a violation of the natural la ws of trade, must finally result in disaster —such as attends the violation of any other natural law. By organizing a trust the home manufacturers can establish an artificial price without reference to the cost of production. They are only limited in their prices by the amount of duties imposed upon foreign competing product. If they go beyond that the foreign manufacturer is invited to become a competitor. Hence the constant clamor for an increase of tariff taxes by American producers. Raise the tariff walls so high that importation is prohibited, then the trust can prevent domestic competition, and they can rob the consumer to their heart’s content. Repeal the tariff laws and a death-blow is struck to trust organizations. It is a truthful statement made by tho McKinleyites that the object of a high tariff is to check importations and give better prices to American manufacturers. A tariff for revenue can only be incidentally protective. and does not stimulate to its ultimate injury. Strong View* on the Tariff Question. If ever pearls were cast before swine it is in the effort of the administration to deal considoratoly and tenderly with the tariff hogs who have fed so long at the public trough. A univeral squeal is let up at the prospect of a decrease in the quantity of their swill. They denounce the measure fn unstinted terms. They deride the consideration shown them. They call its authors hypocrites and cowards who got into office on a false pretense of making a purely revenue tariff, and now dare not do it; in fact, never intended to do it. They point with scorn to the admission that the bill is still largely protective, and ask if this is what tho Democracy promised. It only shows how useless have been the concessions to the greedy beggars. The recipients for years of public charity, they now have the insufferable effrontery, in a time when everybody is curtailing expenses, either voluntarily or compulsorily, to demand that their gratuities shall be continued at full tide. Tho abuse would have been no greater had the bill, as it should, have cut right to the revenue line. We do not share the apprehensions expressed by tho committee that this would have injured any of the propped industries, and find in the list of our exports of manufactured goods ample proof for the opinion. But, after all, we apprehend that the wrath with which the Wilson bill is met is not so much because of the cuts it makes in the stealings as it is because tho gang see In it the speedy abolition of their privileges. They see that it is only a stop to bo speedily followed by longer ones until freedom of trade is established, forever.—St. Paul Globe.

Agricultural Implements. Some high tariff journals claim that if the Wilson bill passes, this country would be flooded with all kinds of farm implement i from abroad. This statement betrays the inexcusable ignorance of those who make it. If there is any kind of manufacture of which American mechanics have absolute control it is the production of agricultural machinery. They sell the tools, implements,and machinery of the tarm in all parts of the world in competition with those made elsewhere. The superior skill and workmanship of American mechanics give them a monopoly. The farmers in the South American republics will not buy an English cr German machine at any price. Without successful competition in any country the only possible reason for a duty on farm machinery is that it furnishes an excellent opportunity to organize a trust, enabling it to mako its own tsrms with those who use the implements in our own country. Our Minister to tho Argentine Republic, Mr. Pitkin, was interviewed the other day in Boston, and in it he sad: “You cannot get an Argentine farmer to touch anything in the shape of an agricultural implement unless it is of American manufacture.” Keeps McKinley Rnsy. McKinley's Ohio knitting is keeping him very busy at this time. He has landed the State up to its neck in debt; his party is fighting tooth and nails over the flesti pots; there is a lot of official crookedness to be straightened out; and the little Major is not much of a business man at best. —Detroit Free Press.

An Amusing Mistake.

. An amusing incident once arose from the striking resemblance that existed between the late Gen. Lewis Cass and q certain Mr. Guy, a Washington hotel keeper. A newly elected Southern Congressman who had put up in Guy’s hostelry didn’t like his room, and went down-stairs to complain about it. On the way he met Gen. Cass, and, taking him for the landlord, treated him to some very emphatic comments upon the indignity he felt he had received. “Sir,” the General sternly replied, as soon as he could get a word in, “you have made a mi,-.take. I am Gen. Cass, of Michigan.” “Gen. Gass!” the Congressman stammered in some confusion. “I bog a thousand pardons. I took you for Mr. Guy, who is an old friend of mine. Pray excuse me, sir. ” The General bowed stiffly, and went out, but almost immediately returned, and again happened to meet the Southerner. Tho latter had seen Gen. Cass go out, and felt sure of his man this time. He came up, slapped him heartily on the shoulder, and said with a laueh: “Say, Guy, I’ve a goed joke to tell you. i met that stupid old Cass just now and thought it was you, and began to abuse him about my room. ” , “Young man," replied the Gehoral, drawing himself up more sternly than ever, “you’ve met that stupid old Cass again.’* The remains of a race of liliputians. believed to be the ancestors, of tho Mexican Aztecs, were unearthed 'in East Tennessee.

FAIR IS FIRE SWEPT.

COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION BUILDINGS CONSUMED. The Peristyle In Ruins— Casino and Music Hall Devoured by Hungry F'laroes—Vast Fiery Furnace In the Great Manufactures Building. Foes of Use and Thousands. Fire licked up a laree part of the remnants of the World's Columbian Exposition Monday night. The South Park Commissioners xvili not teardown the majestic Peristyle, nor will the touch of the wrecker defile the Music Hall or the Casino. A vexed problem that touched the sentiment of the world to the quick has been solved. To-dav the Park Commissioners have to deal with ruins where proud buildings stood. Twenty thousand spectators. according to a Chicago dispatch, saw the east end of the Court of Honor vanish in smoke and flame. The fire started in the Casino, destroyed that building, then swept northward along the Peristyle into Music Hall, and from there across and into the Manufactures Building. For three hours the flames raged along the cast end of the Court of Honor until nothing was left but charred timbers and blackened plaster. A shower of sparks fell upon the ice in the lagoon until it looked like a sea of tire; they fell upon the adjacent buildings, threatening them with destruct ion. It was a magnificent spectaclo that drew ceaseless exclamations of wonder and awe from the spectators that crowded the grounds in the vicinity of the fli e. It was the greatest pyrotechnic display of the Fair. M turn fact tiros Hoof Catcher. But the work of destruction did not end with the burning of those buildings. Firebrands were earriod to the roof of Manufactures Building, and the promenade around the crown of that enormous structure was soon on lire. The wind was strong and the flames soon reached the immense woodon ventilators under the eaves, and they were soon burning fiercely. The eloro-story under the roof was qu'ckly In a blaze. F.rom this and through the great holes made in the gla-s roof fell a continuous shower of flreb ands, and in twenty minutes there wete over a dozen small conflagrations in the Belgian, French, German and English sections. Firemen and Columbian Guards fought tleie flroi so successfully that, although the facados and exhibit structures were destroyed, probably not more than a dozen coses containing exhibits were burned. The goods jeopardized represented $2,500,000; the loss is not over $100,0(0, principally by water. How much insurance is carried will not be learned for some time, as many of tho policies wore written in foieign countries. Thoro is little if any insurance on the Manufactures Building, and none on tho Casino, Peristyle and Music Hall. The fire worked clear around the inside of tho don e, burning itself out at 3 o’clock Tuesday morning. As in the Cold Storage fire, life was lost in fighting it. William Muckie. of Engine Company No. (11, fell from the Peristyle and died an hour later at Mercy Hospital. Three other mon were injured. Tho fire was discovered at 5:30 o'clock on the second floor in the northwest corner of the Casino. C. Mason, a guard on duty in Muslo Hall, saw it and ran to a fire-alarm box and tried to turn in an alarm, but the key would not work. Then he went to another box, and again failed. He tried a third with tho sumo result, and then a fourth. Thon he gave it up and huntad up a telephone, and succeeded in getting an alarm at last. By this time the flamos had gained a strong headway. Marshal Malley responded with one engine, und immediately turnod in a 4:11 alarm.

A week ago twenty engines would has e responded to this call, but owing to the changes that have boon made in the arrangoinont for firo protection at tho Fair only ten engines responded. These found that they had iporo tjl&U they could contend with, so a special sail was sent in, and this was soon followed by a second special, It was too late to attempt to save the Casino, and the firemen devoted most of their attention to saving the Agricultural Building and to checking the flames on tho Peristyle. .Tramp* Kuapectnd of Arson. It is more than probable that the fire was started by tramps. They have been fairly swarming in the Fair grounds since the first of the month, especially around the Casino and Music Hall. Thoro is no guard at all stationed in the Casino nor in fact anywhere nearer that point than Music Hall, where one man keeps watch. There is also a guard in the Convent of La Rabida. About 4 o'clock in the afternoon a dozen tramps wulked into. Music i Hall, where Guard C. Mason was on iuty. He ordered them to leave, but they made an insolent reply and [ refused to go.' Mason succeeded in I Iriving them out. They went in the direction of the Casino, and in an hour i after the fire was discovered. No one had any right to be around the Casino and there has been no fire there for months, but there were a number of old packing cases and a quantity of excelsior in the building, and if the fire was not started by design it could easily i have been started by means of a cigar ! stub or the ashes of a pipe carelessly ! emptied in the inflammable stuff that thickly covered the floor in places. | The estimates on the value of tho goods which were jeopardized by the [ire in Manufactures Building vary widely, though it is probable that $2,r JO ),00J is a conservative approximation of what remained on the floor when the fire broke out. The foreignI ers have had a hard time getting their exhibits shipped from Chicago. A !• statement pi opared by Collector Clark, at the last meeting of his chief inspectors, showed that only or.ethird of the foreign goods had been | started home. Two months have passed since tho work began. At the ■ present rate it looked as if the last of i the foreign goods would not bo out of j Jackson Park before May 1. The delay in shipment is said to bo due to the railroads. The Ilnlldlngs Destroyed. Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building was the mammoth structure j of the Exposition and notable for its ! symmetrical proportions. It was tho j largest building in area ever erected ; on the western hemisphere and the j largest under a roof in the world, j Despite its immense proportions every available foot of space in the grekt | structure was taken. It was three times larger than the cathedral of St. Peter in Rome and four times larger thafi tho old Roman Coliseum, which seated fft),ooo persons. The cost of this immense structure was $1,700,000. Material, 17,000,000 feet of lumber, 12,000,000 pounds of steei in trusses of central hall, 2,000,000 pounds of iron in root jof nave. There were eleven acres ,of skylights and forty car loads of glass in the roof. The PeriI style, with the Music Hall and Casino at either end, was the most imposing object seen by the World's Fair visitor as he approached Jackson Park and Lake Michigan. Music Hall, which

was situated on the shore of Lake Miohigan at the northerly end of the great peristyle, was 140 feet wide by 240 feet long and about 65 feet high. The Casino was one of the moat popular structures on the ground, ana it was generally admired for its beauty of architecture. It was situated at the south end of the peristyle.

WILLIS’ DEMAND ON DOLE.

Formal Statement of President Cleveland's Attitude Toward Hawaii. The Canadian Pacific steamer Warrimoo arrived, bringing Honolulu advices. Most intense excitement prevailed throughout Honolulu until the arrival cf the revenue cutter Corwin. After that Minister Willis made his demand upon President Dole to surrender the Government to the Queen. The Provisional Government promptly refused and Minister Willis took no slope to enforce a compliance with his order. The excitement then rapidly subsided, and for a week before the sailing of the Warrimoo there had been perfect tranquillity. The demand of Minister Willis upon tho Provisional Government to step down and out was couched jn tho following words: Mr. President and gentlemen, the President of the United States has very much regretted the delay In the consideration of the Hawaiian question, but it U unavoidable. Ho muoh of It as baa occurred since my arrival has been due to oertaln conditions precedent, compliance with which was required before f was authorized to confer with you. The President also regrets, as moat assuredly do I. that any aecrecy should havo surrounded the Interchange of views between our two governments. I may say this, however, that tho secre y t hus far observed ha< been In the Interest and for the safety of all your people. 1 need hardly promise that the President's action upon the Hawaiian question lias been under the dictates of honor and duty. It Is now and has been from the boginning absolutely free from prejudice and resentment, and entirely conaliseut with long-estab-lished friendship and treaty ties, whloh have so closely bound together our respective governments. The President deemed It bis uutv to withdraw from the Souate the treaty of annexation, whloh had been signed bv the Secretary of State and agenta of your government, and to dispatch a trusty representative to Hawaii to Impartially Investigate the causes of your revolution and to ascertain and report the true situation in those Islam s. This Information was Deeded the better to enable the President to discharge a delloatc aud Important duty. Upon the facts embodied in Mr. Hlount’s report the Ptosl ent has arrived at certain conclusions and determined upon a oertaln course of action, which It becomes my duty to acquaint you with. The provisional government was not established by the Hawaiian people nor with their aonaent or acquiescence, nor has It since existed with their oonsent. The Queen refused to surrender her powers to the provisional government until oonvlnoed that the minister of the United Htates had recognized It as tho de facto authority, and would support and defend It with the military forces of the United Htates, and that resistance would provoke a bloody oouHUt with that force. Hue was advised and assured by her mlntatora and leadors of the movement for tho overthrow of her government that If she surrendered under protest her case would afterward he fairly considered by the President of the United Htates. The Queen finally Slelded to the armed forues of the United taths then quartered at Honolulu, relying on the good faith and honor of the President, when Informed of what occurred, to undo the action of the Minister and reinstate her. The President has, therefore, determined that he will not send hack to the Henute for Its action thereon tho treaty whloh lie withdrew from that hpdy for further consideration March l> last. In view of these conclusions I was Instructed by the President of the United Htates to tako advantage of an early opportunity to Inform the Queen of this deter nutation aud of his views as to the responsibility of our Government. The President, however, felt that we, by our original Interference, had Incurred a responsibility to .he whole Hawaiian community, and that It would not be just to put one party at the meroy of the other. I was, thorefore, Instructed at the same time to Inform her that the President expected that she would pursue a magnanimous oourae by granting full amnesty to all who participated in the movement against her, Including persons who are or who have been ofholally or otherwise conneoted with the provisional government, depriving them of uo right or privilege which they enjoyed before the revolution last January, and that all obligations created by the provisional government In the course of administration should be assumed. In obedlenoe to the command of the Preeldent I have secured the Uneen’s agreement to this course, and 1 cow deliver a writing, algnod by her and duly attosted, a copy of which I will leave wltn you. It bocoracs my further duty to advise you, sir, the exeonttre of the provisional government, and your ministers, of the President's determination of the question, which your aotlon and that of the queen devolved upon him, and that you are expected to promptly relinquish to her her constitutional authority. And now, Mr. President and gentlemen of the provisional government, with a deep ana solemn sense of the gravity of the situation and with the .earnest hope that your answer will be Inspired by that high patriotism which forgets all self-interest, in the name and by the authority of the United Htates of Amorloa. I submit to you the question: Are you willing to abide bv the decision of the President? I will leave this with you. Mr. President, as your stenographer may not have got every word, and it may help him. I will also leave the certltled copy that I referred to, the agreement of the Queen. Upon the conclusion of Mr. Willis’ remarks, President Dole on behalf of the provisional government made a brief statement refusing to surrender any portion of the power represented by him and his associates and declining the offer of the Queen, and the conference was at an end. The exoitoment in Honolulu, which was at fever heat before the meeting, quickly subsided as tho news* became known, and since Doc. ID perfect tranquillity has prevailed throughout the islands.

A YEAR’S CRIMES.

The Record of 1803 Hits a Hopeful Look. In what may be called tho world's moral departments some of the statistics for 181)3 havo a hopeful look, so far as this country is concerned. The number of murders and homicides of various kinds, amounting to 6,615, shows a slight falling off as compared with 181)2, when there were 6,791, whereas for ten years previously they showed a steady increase. The record of suicides on the other hand is not so encouraging, as it numbers 4,436 as against 3,8 u() in 1892. For the last fifteen years suicides in the United States have increased steadily and out of proportion to tho increase of population. The enormous disproportion between males and females is shown by the fact that while 858 of the latter took their own lives there were 3,578 of the former. As the outcome of murders and other crimes 126 persons have been executed legally, as against 107 in 1892, and 200 have been lynched, as again-.t 236 In 1892. The increase in legal and the decrease in i legal hangings would indicate healthier conditions in the operations of justice, for it is the first t.me in fifteen years that the record of lynching has shown a decrease. The statistics, as usual, point to the South as the favorite locality of Judge Lynch and mob law. While 17 have "been lynched In tho Northern 183 have been lynched in the Southern States, and of these 183 no lesß than 151 wore colored men. 1

Churches as Shelters.

Dr John A. B. Wilson, a New York minister, delivered a stirring sermon Sunday on the destitution of the poor in that city. Between 40,000 and 50, 000 men, ho declared, walked the streets shelterless every night. “Let us see to it,” ho finally said, “that, if no other home can be provided for the shelterless, the churches shall be opened to them, no (natter what the inconvenience to ourselves. It was done centuries ago, why not do it now? Open the churches to-the people day and night, for sitting-rooms, for readinsrrooms, for, ledging-rooms, for warmth and shelter Who ever deemed it 'sacrilege during the war. when church buildings were converted into hospitals sos 'the wounded? There is now no holier use to put them to under heaven or in heaven than to open them to these poverty-stricken and wounded brethren of our Lord and ours "

HOOSIER HAPPENINGS

NEWS OF THE WEEK CONCISELY CONDENSED. What Neighbors are Doing—Mattea of General and Local Interest—Marriage* and Deaths— ArtMdenU and Crimes—Per* sonal Pollsters Alxtot India ilia n« Brief State Items. Farmer Winthaus was kicked to death by his horse near Moore’s HilL There is still no sign of tho early resumption of business in the huge glass plant at Elwood. Charles Crabb, a crippled chicken huckster, was assaulted and robbed near Dublin. The highwaymen got S4O. John Hamilton, one of Muncie’a oldest citizens, was stricken with paralysis and is not oxpected to live. Omkr Isgkigg, young man living near Thorntown, had his right arm torn off at t ve olbow, while feeding a corn husker. CHARLES Turner, his sister. Mrs. Phoebe Cox, and Mrs. Charles Turner, were seriously injured in a runaway accident near Marion. JUDGE Fiuedley of Madison, has instructed the grand jury to investigate a recent prize tight near that city and bring in indictments accordingly. Mrs. Augusta Schmidt, who killed her tenant, Oscar Walton, in October, was refused bail in a habeas corpus proceeding at Kokomo. She will be tried January 2!). William Murphy, a Paragon store keeper, discovered burglars in his store, und opened tire on them. One was wounded and thoy were tracked by tho blood into the country. Eugene F. Brady of Lafayette, the Deputy United Htates Marshal wht> was so badly shot lust September while in pursuit of tho Dalton gung in lfidian Territory, has ho far recovered as to bo able to get around. Wm, Cleary entered u gas regulator at Munole, to make some repairs. The gus exploded and bo was seriously injured. Tho lire spread to tho Port Glass Works, but was extinguished with small loss. Harry Hoover, Ira Eads, Charlie Shoonikor and Loo Davis, prisoners in tho Fowler Jail, escaped by sawing out u window and lowering themselves to tho ground with blankots. The Sheriff offers SIOO reward for their capture. A LETTER has just been returnod from tho dead letter office to LuPorto that, was sent from LuPorto by N. Welier fourteen years ago. It contained a sum of money for an uddress in Now York. It haw "boon lying in the dead letter office at Washington, and * the explanation is that it wus found in the desk of a clerk who had recently boon removed. IT has just come to light that Senator Calvin S. Brice’s recent visit to tho gas bolt cities was for tho purpose of closing a deal whereby about 15,000 acres of gus lunds in Muilison, Delaware, Jay, und Blackford Counties will be drained to furnish gas for the Lima (Ohio) gas Hold, where the supply is failing. It has been determined to lay a sixteen-inch main direct from these Helds to tho Ohio citios whore gas is now being used, and tho work will bogln In a very short time. Thousands q{ acres of gas territory havo been leased from tho farmors during tho past season, because thoy were in need of money. Thoro will bo almost sovonty-llvo miles of pipo line, and the cost of the enterprise will Feach $4,000,000, it is said. PATENTS havo boon issued to Indiana inventors us follows: James V. Ashcraft, Dunkirk, pilot's; Frederick Berner, Jr., Indianapolis, assignor of three-fourths to M. B. Christ, wood ombossing machine; William T. Eastes, Muncio, medical case; William K. Fraley,Lebanon, hoof trimmer: Charles M. Kllor, assignor of one-half to 8. Urmston, Indlunapolls, station indicator; Charles N. Leonard, Indianapolis, continuous table for physicians: George Phillon, Mishawaka, truck; William H. Spence, Fairmount. blackboard orasor; John R. Staudt, Indianapolis, flour holt; James W. Underwood, Sheridan, gas heating apparatus; Samuel D. Van Pelt, Anderson, slate-dressing machine; John L. Wagner, Terra Haute, box car door. The death of Mrs. Potor McPherson at Muncio is making no end of supers stitious gossip there. A few evenings ago Mrs. McPherson was at a social gathering and some one late in the evening discovered just thirteen people present. Another thoughtless person stated that disaster and death would follow some member of tho party before the new year passed, “As the Lord would never again permit those same persons to again meet alone.” Mrs. McPherson, being a susceptible woman, was muoh affectod and at once annonncod that she felt ill and was conveyed home. She was closely watched, but grew worse until death relieved her sufferings. Just before her spirit passed away she opened her eyes and said: “The Lord’s will be done,” then quietly passed away. The Crawford County-seat war has been finally settled, tho requisite number of petitioners asking that the county seat bo removed from Leavenworth to English having been secured. The County Auditor has so certified to the Governor, and under a legislative enactment of 1881) it is the duty of the Governor to name three disinterested non-resident freeholders to examine the court house property at Leavenworth and assess tne damage that will accrue to the town by the removal of the building. Tho Governor has designated G. D. Ridley, New Albany, Floyd County; John L. Rutherford, Campbellsburg, Washington County, and John G. Offut, Crothersville, Jackson County, to meet on Wednesday, Jan. 10, and assess the value of damages sustained by the removal of the Leavenworth court house. Fire at Fortville destroyed the four-, story business block of Joseph Bims & Sons, general merchants, and the saloon of Charles Shaffer, and wrecked a residence of Luna Hudson. Loss, SIO,(MX), partially insured. The fire was caused by a natural gas jet. The town of Ladoga had a big fire the other night. The flouring mill and elevator of A. W* & Bro., was burned. The loss is near $25,000, with insurance of SIO,OOO. The house of George Deisher was also burned, and it took hard work to save the heading factory of W. F. Epperson. A 14-year-old boy.named Armstrong wont into the stable of John Hogeman. near Prescott, Shelby County,tojeed a stallion, when the animal rushed on him and tore through one cheek with his teeth and otherwise injured him. Prompt assistance saved the boy’s>life. George W. Woodruff, the Ross Township. Clinton County farmer, who went sixty-five days last 'winter without sleep, is again afflicted with the strange malady* It is over four weeks since he has closed his eyes or oven felt the least drowsy. Morjihine and other drugs have been tried by his physician, but without effect. He Will go to a Boston specialist, w'/ > gave him relief last vear. ' y v" T a