Democratic Sentinel, Volume 17, Number 25, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 7 July 1893 — Page 5

INCOME TAXATION.

IT IS LESS BURDENSOME THAN THE TARIFF. * ZU Evils Would Be Confined to the Rich Instead of the Poor—An Expose of Custom House Corruption The Mexican Corn Famine. Tariff Versus Income Tax. Representative John DeWitt Warner thinks that the people would “suffer" an Income tax sooner than a tax on tea and coffee. They would “suffer* in either event. Let the present tariff alone and the people will not “suffer" at all.—New York Press. Does the Press know of a tax that does not make the people “suffer?" Undoubtedly such a tax is possible, though it has never been put into operation. It is, however, at the opposite pole from the indirect, insidious and accursed protective tariff tax which stealthily robs the poor consumer of from one-tenth to onefifth of his food and clothing; which cripples the great bulk of legitimate and independent industries to pamper up a few favorites; and which injures a nation by turning its producers from profitable to unprofitable occupations, making it unable to compete in any but its own “protected” markets. An income tax is a burden, but, to the extent to which It can be worked, it is less of a burden than any direct tax —even though it be a tariff for revenue only. An income tax is necessarily inquisitorial and will lead to wholesale perjury and fraud on the part of those fortunate enough to be overtaken by it. Under it the dishonest will largely escape and the honest “suffer.” But, even though it extends to incomes as low as 92,000, it will not cause great hardship. It will never enter the houses of the poor to shorten their stay on this earth by compelling them to wear shoddy instead of wool; to eat unwholesome and Insufficient food; to suffer with cold and, perhaps, to freeze for lack of food, cheap coal and blankets; and to put up with uncomfortable and cheap ware, furniture and tools. It will enter only the homes of the few rich, or comparatively rich, and compel them to contribute somewhat in proportion to their means to the expense of the Government which protects them. It will not ask the 6,000 or 8,000 millionaires who have grown up under protection and special privileges to to return any of the wealth which they have sequestered into their coffers to the consumers from whom it was taken, but it will ask the millionaires to turn over tc the Government a little of the Interest which they are obtaining on their ill-gotten gains. The depredations and the evils of an income tax will be confined chiefly to the rich, who will by cunning and perjury seek to evade the tax and to shirk their duties as citizens. This tax will not cause one-thousandth of the suffering that is caused by taxes on consumption and production. If there is a particularly warm corner in the nether regions of the next world it should be reserved for those responsible for the protective tariff system of taxation—a system that has caused more misery on earth than has any disease or famine.—Byron W. Holt.

The Mexican Corn Famine. Gen. Warren T. Sutton, Consul General of the United States for Northern Mexico, has just sent in his official report on the subject of the exportation of grain from this country to Mexico during 1892. As there was a corn famine in Mexico in 1892, an unusual amount was demanded from the United States. Gen Sutton says: “Had it not been for our nearness and unlimited supply, thousands of the very poor of Mexico must have died for lack of food. As it was, there was much suffering, and the effects will be felt for years.” About 6,000,000 bushels of corn' were imported to Mexico in 1892 enough to fill a solid train nearly seventy-seven miles long. Early in 1892 the Mexican government, not being certain that “the foreigner pays the tax,” as McKinley says, abolished the duty on imported corn. This is another open acknowledgment that protection is a burden to the masses. The burden is not so great or so evident in a big country like the United States, which produces nearly all kinds of crops and which never has a famine in all parts of the country at once; but in the countries like Mexico or Canada, dependent, especially in times of famine, upon Imports of foreign commodities, the burden is unmistakable. Even in ordinary years the Mexican Government maintains a “free zone” near the United States border to mitigate the worst effects of protection. This the government is compelled to do as a measure of protection. Its subjects near the border simply refuse to be compelled to pay high prices for articles that they see selling across the line in Uncle Sam’s domain at reasonable figures. In great or small countries “protection" by tariff duties is simply a curse. Its evils may be mitigated by “free zones, ” by temporary abolition of duties, or, perhaps, by “reciprocity”—when two or more countries, by reciprocal agreement, let down the bars to imports; but the evil will not cease until commerce, industry and men are forever freed from the bondage of protective duties and protection superstition.

Dead Again <t the Poor. The working of Republican “protection to American labor” is gradually becoming very clear to the people. In the first place, a law is passed giving to privileged classes of manufacturers the power to impose exorbitant prices without danger of foreign competition. Then, ostensibly to preserve home competition, an anti-trust law is passed. But it is not enforced. Perhaps it cannot be. At least, producers combine to limit production and maintain high prices, and the officials charged with the duty of preventing this do nothing about it. In order to give color to the pretext that high duties are in the interest of American workmen a law is passed forbidding the importation of European pauper labor under contract. But this law also is systematically and successfully evaded. No officer attempts to use the law to prevent the wrong. The Senate investigation now in progress here shows

that the “combines” which are organized in defiance of law constantly Import cheap laborers without hindrance. But the taxes which the consumer has to pay are enforced relentlessly. The whole system, from beginning to end, and in all its parts, operates to favor the rich and to oppress the poor.—New York World.

Custom House Corruption. The commission to investigate the custom house, though it has only begun its work, has already uncovered great heaps of rottenness. Undervaluations, favoritism, bribery, perjury—these are the sins that have their headquarters in the custom house and that flourish in every department It is impossible to tell from the conflicting testimony thus far taken in the Appraiser’s department who the perjurers are and who are most guilty. It Is only certain that the department that appraises threefourths of the 8400,000 000 worth of dutiable goods that enter our ports annually is a den of corruption. It is also quite certain that the importers of New York City are terrorized by the custom house officers, who can, by favoritism, make or break an importing merchant As past Investigations of this kind have been a farce, in that they did not lead to the discharge of officials who were proven guilty .of favoritism in the valuation of goods or who maliciously detained goods at the custom bouse until they had lost much of their value, the merchants now believe that the present investigation will lead to nothing except to call down upon their heads the wrath of the officials against whom the merchants testify. Hence the importers, who have goods passing through the custom house nearly every week, hesitate to incur the displeasure of the appraisers by submitting testimony against them. As an evidence of the kind of discriminations made by the appraisers, we quote some of the appralsments of silk handkerchiefs, alleged to have been of identical quality, imported by rival firms: RosenHandkerohlefa. Simon, that. Fan. Co. Isaacs. 2-onnoeto 96 fl io tl 06 4-ounoe 1 44 169 ITO $2 03 6- 176 2 20 .... 2 24 6)4-ounce 1,92 2 15 2 U 2 50 7- 2 49 2 77 .... 8 13 7%-ounoe 2 62 3 19 BM-onnoe 3043*8 364 3 61 12-ounce.4 04 4 85 Of couse, with an average discrimination of about 25 per cent, in favor of J. R. Simon & Co., It Is only a question of time when their competitors will be driven out of the business. So great are some of these discriminations that importers can sometimes purchase cheaper of their rivals than they can abroad. The temptation is so great, and human nature so weak, that it is likely that custom house fraud can be stopped only with the abolition of custom houses themselves.

McKinlev** Renomlnatlon. The platform on which Governor McKinley has been renominated shows no abatement of Ohio McKlnleyism. Thus it—< 1. Indorses the calamity platform of June, 1892. 2. Praises the wise, pure and patriotic B. Harrison. 3. Ditto the ditto W. McKinley, Jr. 4. Favors the McKinley protection act, with “amendments thereto for protection." 8. Stands by the Ohio ram raisers. & Throws a sop to the farmers inclined to populism. 7. Declares for restricted immigration. 8. Declares for free pensions. 9. Views with alarm the administration of G. a 10. Straddles the money question. And Governor McKinley In his speech of acceptance is the same old Napoleon. He finds the Cleveland administration responsible for the financial evils precipitated by the Sherman law; is still the apostle of protection and indignant at the proposal to purge the pension rolls. Such is McKinley and McKinleylsm.

A Public Reservoir. I saw an interesting sight while in Venice. Entering a little square shut in by high houses, and, like most Venetian squares, dominated by the unfinished facade of a time-stained church, I noticed a singular activity among the people. They were scurrying in from every alley and hastening from every house door, with oddshaped copper buckets on hook-ended wooden bows, and with little colls of rope. Old men and women, boysand girls, all gathered closely about a covered well curb In the middle of the square; and still they hurried on, until they stood a dozen deep around it. Presently the church tower slowly struck eight, and a little old man forced his way through the crowd, passed his ponderous iron key through the lid, and unlocked the well. There Immediately endued a scene of great activity. The kettles went jangling into it and came slopping out again at an amazing rate, and the people trudged off home, each with a pair of them swung from the shoulder. The wells are deep cisterns, which are filled during the night, and It is out of amiable consideration for those who love their morning nap that they are given as good chances as their neighbors of getting an unsoiled supply. I found, on closer inspection, that the water was of excellent quality.

Poetic Justice. They have had income taxes in old England for several decades. The Leeds Dally News, in commenting on the proposition to make up the prospective deficiency of revenue in the United States by an income tax with a high exemption limit, says: “This last is an excellent proposal, and we hope it will be carried into effect. It would then be the millionaire manufacturers, who have made their “piles” by protection, who would have to provide the bulk of the immediate loss to the revenue caused by the lowering of the tariff. That would be poetic justice, indeed.” Successful Farmee—Son George got some sense- durin’ that foreign tour anyhow. Wife—l hain’t seen it. “I have. You know he spent a good while in Lunnon, as he calls it.” “Yes, an’ I’d like to know what good it did.” “Use y’r eyes, Miranda. He learned to turn up his pants w’en it rains.”—New York Weekly. “You say in the mean time. To what period do you refer?” “To house-cleaning. "—Detroit Tribune.

GOWNS FOR THE HOUSE.

GREAT VARIETY OF STYLES FOR THIS SEASON. They Afford an Agreeable Change and Contrast from the Street and Reception Dresses—Hints for Women Who Strive , to Look Pretty. Gotham Fa-hion Gossip. New Y’ork correspondence:

, HE woman who • J strives to look r ■ sweet and pretty should be so in her house gown this year, because her ffljf house gowns may IHA afford a change and W contrast in style from her street and Im reception dresses /MN that makes her I'jjw. especially charm- . /Tlw\ ing i n ' On t * l ® /li Ira Btreet and at the fl IVI smart 5 o’clock tea AJljpk her pretty skirts will spread, and she be all puff and in the house she may be as Em-

pire as she pleases and lovely in quite a different way. The house gown must be put together with discretion and worn with confidence. It is quite a different thing from the neglige of one’s room, and must not suggest the street gown. It may be of materials as rich and as delicate as the ball toilet, but it inust not seem a bit like it. The Empire models lend themselves best to tne ideal house-gown, the bodice part being high-necked and long-sleeved, or only cut out. One charming dress has the bodice surplice front with great sleeves and a high collar, and is made of white grenadine with plush stripes. The bodice ends Just below the bust line. The skirt is ieavy silk, perfectly plain, and falls in close, straight folds from the edge of the bodice. At the back of the bodice are two big rosettes of white satin, from between which floats a long sash of white satin.. A big satin bow is in front. The silk of the skirt is-a creamy white, and the gown is worn with scarlet slipperqand stockings to match. A peat deal of the philosophy of the ideal house-gown is in this dress, and a little study of the design will show just the points that make it a house-gown for all. The material is what would be suitable for an evening dress. The same idea can be carried out in black, the neck being cut slightly square, and the skirt of soft India silk. It is a good rule not to show much of

WHITE STRIPED BATISTE.

the arms and neck in a silken or brocade house dress. This sort of thing is charming for the 5-o’clock tea that you are giving, or for the afternoon at home, or anything that calls for the rather “state” dress. Besides these you want the little dresses that are going to make you seem sweet and picturesque, and, incidentally, save street and other dresses. Little Gretchen gowns, with delicate white mull for neck and sleeves, that seem cool and homelike, are made with quite wide short waists. The chief charm of the to home dress is that it shall seem be comfortable. Of course you must be careful not to have these dresses seem theatrical, only dainty and pretty. This reminds me of the little actress who got married suddenly at the end of the season, took a little summer cottage and wore all her stage “domestic-little-wife" dresses and impossible aprons. True to stage effects, she invariably swept the front steps with a broom tied with a blue ribbon, just as all the men were coming home from business, and entirely demoralized the summer population. But, to return to gowns. These little picture gowns may of course be made merely pretty and be used to pose about in and help make your rooms look artistic. For this idea, you have all art at your disposal, and your dress may be copied from any period you like that lends itself to flowing lines and rich colors, or the little gowns may be distinctly useful and suggest that madam does at least the dusting of her own parlor. For the warm weather you must have any number of fresh print, lawn or eveh gingham dresses made for house wear. The very prettiest are the simplest. They can be made of the finest chambray, lawn or print of a dainty color, or white with sprig of a design,

GRAY SICILIENNE.

the bodice surplice front with big sleeves and a collar turned away, the skirt quite simple, full on the. belt and not gored a bit and short enough to clear the ground. Such a gown is one that evidently you can get into or out of at short notice. China and wash silks make up in this way daintily, and you may choose rose pink, turquoise blue, and even white. Only beware of crinoline and small waist, or your gown will need a hat and a parasol and be no longer a house gown. Besides these gowhs, in which you are presentable to any one outside your room, are those ' that

should notcome beyond one's own botH doir. The matinee, strictly speaking, has been an intrusion ujx>n the seclusiveness of this gown, and the result, has been that some of our hostesses at five o’clock teas this winter have seemed strangelv neglige, to say the least. This sort of gown is loose, a robe that does not outline the figure but that shrouds and envelops it. It should have plenty of lace close about the throat and wrists, and should have no apparent end or beginning. It must be neither a bunch nor a bungle, and it should give a woman a sort of dignity and suggest entire relaxation and freedom beneath its loose and protecting billowy folds. If a belt is worn it should not define the waist, but should hang low on the hips or clasp the breast. The sleeves must be loose and flowing and make themselves part of the draperies of the gown. Under this head come the Japanese gowns and the loose affairs with flowing sleeves of white China silk that can be slipped on quickly to make one

WITH HOVEL BODICE.

lovely in case of a fire. Besides all these, you may buy ready-made silk gowns that are short-waisted and made with enormous loose puffed sleeves and very full skirts. They fasten in front and are slipped into in a moment, and are distracting when made of rainbow silk. But everyone is not rich, and so, with the artist's aid, I will set before vou some models which can be attained by limited purses. The reader should bear in mind that cheap materials can be often made up to handsomely imitate the most expensive toilets. By remembering this, a costume which would cost twenty times what you can afford to expend, can yet be described and sketched to your direct benefit. The material used in the costume of the initial picture is green and canary changeable silk, trimmed with green velvet and ecru lace. The skirt is lined with taffeta and is gathered to the waistband in the back. At the bottom it is garnished with three bias folds of velvet of equal width, each one finished by jet passementerie at the lower edge. The bodice fastens in the center, but the vest of velvet hooks on the left side. The fronts are a trifle full and are trimmed with lace in the manner indicated. The sleeves are shbrt elbow puffs and are finished with a full ruffle of lace. Around the bottom of the bodiee there is- a pointed narrow velvet belt finished with jet passementerie. A beautiful dress made of white batiste with very narrow hemstitched stripes, the wider spaces having a design in open work, is the subject of the second picture. The foundation dress is of white silk with a ruffle around the bottom of the skirt. The round waist is cut square in front and round behind, and has bretelles of wide Moorish lace that form a gently rounded collar in the back. With it is worn a broad girdle of pink and green ombre surah forming a baby bow In the back. The balloon sleeves are of surah. A full bow composed of pink, green and white baby ribbon, with long streamers is placed in front. The third model is composed of gray Sicilienne. It is very wide around the bottom and is trimmed with a ruching

OF COLORED CREPE.

of silk. The basque is of green and pink ombre velvet, is cut flaring and trimmed with a fichu of pink crepe lisse edged with cream-colored lace and held in place at the waist by a wide girdle of gilt passementerie. Beneath the belt are two long ends, one of plain crepe lisse, the other entirely of lace. The sleeves are caught by a rosette of heavy cloth-of-gold and are garnished with a puff of crepe lisse ana an embroidered frill of the same. On each side of the basque is an imitation pocket, made like a shell, of cloth-of-gold or gold passementerie. The charming costume next illustrated is particularly suitable to the matron. It is very stylish, the little open jacket being most fashionable. It would look very well made up in blue, with panels of navy striped with red or sky-blue; or, for half-mourning, in black, the panels being of black velvet with a narrow stripe of white. Particular attention is called to the shape of the bodice, which is most novel and becoming, especially to a slim figure. The last sketch is of a dress which can be made either of black or colored crepe trimmed with black tulle or chiffon. The skirt is very wide, is lined with silk and has a ruffle of lace inside. On the outside is a gathered flounce of tulle. The waist has a silk lining, but the back of crepe has no center seam and the fronts are composed of crepe taken bias. The latter must be cut full enough to make numerous tiny pleats that all meet at the waist line. The neck is cut V-shape in front only, and is finished with a plpated'bandeau of tulle, and two tulle ruffles that go all the way around. The balloon sleeves have a tight lining. Copyright. 1893.

The Servant Can't Get Mixed.

A novelty has been introduced by a Boston woman that bids fair to become a mania in the cultured society of that city. She has a complete breakfast service of cups, saucers, and plates for her large family on which are given, from photographs, the likeness of the members, so that ihe servant can properly place the china to be used.

FOR YOUNG FOLKS.

THE BABY’S WISHES. Somebody thus describes a baby’s wants: I want that long sunbeam 1 wish I could walk I want the canary 1 wish I could talk I want to roll over, 1 think I will try! I want my dear mamma, (St. Louis Star-Sayings.

TKACH THE CHILD A SONO. Encourage your little ones to sing. Music lessens care and heartache. Often the words of a song, the sweet melody, linger in the heart after the voice is silent, and keep alive the courage which has almost diea; anxiety and heart pain cause heart disease, and after that ouickly comes death. Song sweetens toil, and it is imperative that parents and teachers should aim to increase this means of happiness for the children, if for no other reason than to strengthen their minds and hearts for the labors to be borne in mature years. THE GRACE WAS TOO LONG. There is a little chap up on Price Hill who will make trouble in religious circles some of these days if ho is not systematically trained in “the way he should go.” He was over at his grandfather’s for dinner yesterday, and eat buckled in the old high chair ready for the onslaught. His grandfather, a reverent old gentleman, and one of the worthiest of the world, bent his snowy head and began his usual lengthy grace. Sammy never relishes those famous graces at best, and when, just in the middle of this extra long one for company, the old gentleman paused deliberately and yawned several tedious times, the infant could stand it no longer. Leaning over, he tapped him on the arm with his big spoon and whispered energetically: “Det a move, dranpa—det a move for dracious sake—l’s hungy as a bear I” Grandpa “got a move.”—[Cincinnati Commercial Gazette.

THE SPIDER'S ENEMY. A writer gives an interesting account of the curious habits of the ichneumonfly of Ceylon, the natural enemy of the spider. This insect is green in color, and in form resembles a wasp, with a marvellously thin waist. It makes its nest of well-worked clay, and then goes out on a hunting expedition. Its victims are invariably spiders of various kinds, but all are subject to the same mode of treatment. A scientific sting injects some poison which effectually paralyzes the luckless spider, who is then carried off to the nest and there fastened with a dab of moist clay. Another and another victim is brought to this chamber of horrors. Then the prescient mother ichneumon-fly proceeds to deposit her eggs, one in the body of each spider, which can just move its legs in a vague, aimless manner, but can afford no resistance. This done, the fly returns to her work as a mason. She prepares more clay and bulldrup the entrance to this ghastly cell. Then she commences a new cell, which she furnishes in like manner, and closes; then she adds yet another cell, and so proceeds till her store of eggs are -all provided for, and, her task in life being accomplished, she dies, leaving her evu brood to hatch at leisure. In due time these horrid little maggots come to life and find themselves cradled in a larder of fresh meat. Each poor spider is still alive, and his juices afford nutriment for the ichneumon-grub, till it is ready to pass into its chrysalis stage, thence to emerge as a winged fly, fully prepared to carry out the traditions of its ancestors withTegard to spiders, and to fulfil the purpose for which they have been created, according to ichneumon belief. —[Leisure Hour.

BPKAHING A SALMON. All being ready, the old man steps aboard with the spear, and takes his place in the bow. The torch in front is lighted, and with a crackle like the frying of grease the flame leaps upward, and with its yellow glare lights up the bushes, the nearer tree-trunks, anti the surface of the water. Quickly stepping in also, the stern-man, with a long [>ol« in lieu of paddle, gives a push or two, and the canoe glides out on the surface of the pool. But it is too quickly done, for the pool, shallow there, is lighted to the very bottom as with the light of day, and several huge black objects move away into the deep and somber places. With a splash the spear is quickly thrust down into the water after a departing shadow, but it is too late. Then the canoe is cautiously driven toward the deeper place at the head of the pool, and os it nears the other end, one, two, six, ten, twenty great shadowy forms dart, one after the other, toward the foot of the pool, post them. Down goes the spear, not with a splash, but with a steady thrust. It strikes the bottom, but the fish is already several feet away, and it is drawn back empty. Several tinws this happens. Has the old man lost his former skill? Soon he suspects that the new pole, like a bright streak moving toward them, frightens them. A new supply of bark is needed, so they return to the camp. The spear is held over the fire until it is blackened from end to end and is no longer conspicuous. So confident is the old hunter of getting a fish, that he makes ready to eat him at once. He pokes up the fire, throws on some fresh wood, and sets a kettle of water to boil. He peels some potatoes, which he has brought along (perhaps for the very purpose), and puts them into the water. Meanwhile the salmon have recovered, doubtless, from their first scare. So, with a fresh supply of torches, they start again,—this time with more deliberation, for the long black pirogue has not entered the length of itself upon the pool, before down goes the sj>ear. Hand over hand it is pushed, and, it seems, will never stop. It reaches the sandy bottom and sticks there. It sways as if something is tugging at the end of it. Then, as he would lift a load of hay on a pitch fork, the old man gradually raises the end of the spear. Out comes a black nose, then there is a flapping and splashing of fins and powerful tai), and the first salmon is caught. Quickly the old man draws the fish to the side of the canoe, lifts it on board, caught and held firmly by the stout jaws. It is released, and lies upon the bottom of the canoe—only a four-pounder. Only a fourpounder, the smallest one of the whole crowd, when plenty of them looked as big as stove-pipes! And there was one, much bigger than any of the rest, which looked fully four feet long. Sometimes, when those big fellows do get caught, the spearman lets go entirely, and when

the fish is exhausted with the violence of its efforts, it may be easily drawn in. It would be hard to say which is more excited over the capture—the stranger, who never saw such a thing done before, or the old man, to whom all the enthusiasm of his younger days seems to have returned.—[Bt. Nicholas.

WITHOUT A LARYNX.

Remarkable Effort at Speech With a Closed Windpipe. Fourteen months ago Dr. J. SolisCohen of Philadelphia, in an operation for the removal of cancer, cut away his patient’s larynx and closed up the windpipe. The man breathed through a tube inserted in the operation of tracheotomy. He has recently acquired speech with his windpipe closed. Dr. Solis-Cohen is the throat specialist of Jefferson College, and the operation of cutting away the larynx was performed at his clinic. The man on whom the operation was performed was then and is still an inmate of the Philadelphia Hospital. Six months after the operation was performed Dr. Solis-Cohen noticed the man making guttural sounds. Wondering how they were made, he examined the movements of the man’s mouth, and the process of the sound’s formation was explained. The man drew the air into his mouth and down his throat to where it was sewed together, and then, compressing it, forced it out between the throat muscles, which, acting as the vocal chords, produced the sounds. At the annual meeting of the American Laryngological Association in New York Dr. Solis-Cohen exhibited the man to the best known throat specialists in the United States. They pronounced it one of the most wonderful feats of modern laryngological surgery. The man sang for them, and talked so that they could distinctly hear his voice thirty feet away. Dr. Solis-Cohen had intended to exhibit the man's larynx, which was removed whole and preserved, to the association, but, unfortunately, it arrived too late. ' Dr. Solis-Cohen, who asked for an account of the case, said : “ I found the man in the Philadelphia Hospital over a year ago suffering from cancer of the larnyx. The disease had advanced to such a stage that it was necessary to adopt heroic measures, and I determined to out the larnyx out. As patients in such cases usually die after the operation of pneumonia caused by the mucus and pus running down into the lungs, I devised the following plan: Before cutting out the diseased larynx I opened his windpipe and inserted a tube, so that he could breathe. Then I sewed it up tightly between the aperture and the larynx and performed the operation. No mucus could possibly get down into the lungs, and I was well pleased with the result of the operation. Of course, I never anticipated this curious result. The wounds healed nicely, and all communication between his and mouth ceased. One day about six months ago, when I was talking to him in the hospital, I noticed he was attempting to talk, and was succeeding in making some sounds. Asking him if ho could do this at will, he replied that he could, and so I encouraged him to continue his efforts. He gradually learned to use his throat muscles with better results, and now, considering the condition he is in, talks remarkably well. The aperture in his throat, too, healed nicely, and he only uses* the tube in the daytime now, taking it jut when ho goes to bed at night. The man is a teamster, about 50 years old, and, up to the time of the development of the cancer, was a healthy man.—[New York Suu.

Diplomacy Junketing. “Nearly all of the members of the foreign legations at Washington,” said a gtate Department official to me, “are always ready foj a free junket a( the expense of the government, and they are not afflicted with any modesty in pressing their claims on the State Department. If the department yielded to all their demands the contingent fund at the disposal of the Secretary would be exhausted in the first three months of every fiscal year. I will mention a case in point. The State Department issued Invitations to all the legations at Washington to visit the opening of the World’s Fair. Each legation was requested to state how much space it desired to occupy in the special train. One of the smaller legations put in an applition for eleven sectlonsl Did he get them? Hardly. Secretary Gresham notified the minister that one section had been placed at his disposal. Think of a legation with not over half a dozen employees applying for eleven sections. Doubtless tne minister intended to transport the entire social colony of his nation in Washington to Chicago at Uncle Sam’s expense. He was no marked ex - ception to the rule. Had Secretary Gresham honored all the requests made by the members of the Diplomatic Corps he would have been compelled to secure four or five special trains instead of one.” —[New York Press.

A Great New State. Young America builds bigger than his forefathers. Wyoming is not an exceptional'.'y large State, yet it is as big as the six States of New England and Indiana combined. Indiana itself is the size of Portugal, and is larger than Ireland. It is with more than ordinary curiosity that one approaches Wyoming during a course of study of the new Western States. From the palace cars of the Union Pacific railroad, that carries a tide of transcontinental travel across its full length, there is little to see but brown bunch-grass, and yet we know that on its surface of 36 > miles of length and 275 miles of width are many mountain ranges and noble river-threaded valleys of such beauty that a great block of tne land is to be forever preserved in its pretent condition as the Yellowstone National Park. We know that for years this had been a stockman’s paradise, the greatest seat of the cattle industry north of Texas—the stampingground of the picturesque cowboys who had taken the place of the hunters who came from the most distant points in Europe to kill big game there. We know that in the mysterious depths of this huge State the decline of its first great activity was, last year, marked by a peculiar disorder that necessitated the calling out of troops; but that was a flash in a pan, much exaggerated at a distance and easily quieted at the time. For the rest, most well-informed citizens outside the State know nothing more than the misnaming of the State implies, for the pretty Indian word Wyoming, copying the name of a historic locality in the East, is said to mean “plains land.”— [Julian Ralph, in Harper’s Magazine. Black lace forms the fabric of u vast number of capes and collarettes, and will be much used in dresses also. A novelty among lace materials for gowns shows chrysanthemums of various shades of light brown and yellow on double black net.

This Dog is an Opium Fiend. There is a dog belonging to some Chinese vegetable gardeners that live in Fresno county, Cal., that does not understand a word of English, but obeysthe word of his Celestial master with the greatest alacrity. The Chinamen have a name for the dog that sounds something like “Waw,” but just what it is doesn't matter. Waw has got the opium habit to an alarming extent, and many days will consume more of the drug than his master. Just how he learned to smoke is something! his pig-tailed owners have forgotten orwon’t tell. They say that he alwayssmoked ever since he was a pup. His habit has endeared him to the Chinamen, and he has a bunk all to himself, fitted with pipes, lamps and all things necessary to indulge in the habit. Waw, as soon as he wakes in the morning, whines for his pipe, and what is more he always gets it. After finishing one pipe he eats his breakfast and. runs arouna for a short time, when he comes back and gets another. If all the men are out in the fields and Waw wants to smoke he simply goes out and whines at the first one he meets. It makes no difference who it is, the man will drop his work at once and go to the house and fill Waw’s pipe. The man arranges everything, preparing the bplum carefully. Waw takes the pipe stem in his moutb. and the Chinamen holds the alcohol* flame over the drug. The dog has a hard time making it draw, but he always succeeds and never stops until he baa consumed all. Sometimes one pipe is all he wants, but at others he wfll want four or five before he goes to sleep*. When he is satisfied he curls himself upend goes to dreamland. But he really looks as if he were dead. He doesn’t, move in the least,and his breathing is so low that it can hardly bo heard. Sometimes his sleep lasts for hours, and the» when he wakes he is a perfect wreck. He shakos as if he had the ague, and it it some time before he can jump dows. from his bunk.—[New York Telegram..

A Pawn-Broking ExperimentNotice is served in the Christian. Uniow of the impending trial of an eleemosynary experiment which has long beendiscussea, and is of unusual interest. In* August or September the People’s Bank. Association hopes to open the first of. several model pawn offices for the poor. The newspapers abound from day to day with stories telling how hard it is for the very poor to borrow indispensable small sums of money, and what exorbitant rates of interest are exacted for sucl»> loans. The legal rate at pawn-shops is three per cent, a month for the first six months, and two per cent, a month for succeeding months,but most pawnbrokers supplement these rates by charges for care of the articles pawned, so that as much us 800 per cent, per unnum is sometimes paid to them for the use of money. The People's Bank Association, proposes to begin by a charge of one pen cent, a month, and expects to start with 1100,000 capital, which is to earn four per cent, dividends for its owners. The ■access of such a movement seems to depend on the shrewdness of the moneylender employed. With the right mas* in the avuncular situation there seems tobe no inevitable obstacle to the success of a plan which, if it does succeed, seems bound to help the right people at the right time. Plans for the relief of pawnbrokers who succumb to competition can be devised later on if they are needed.—[Harper’s Weekly.

How the Moslems Pray, The true Mohammedan is enjoined toprayer five times a day— namely, first in the morning before sunrise, at noon, in the afternoon before sunset, in the evening between sunset and dark, and between twilight and the first watch,being the vesper prayer. A sixth prayer u volunteered by many between the first watch of the night and the dawn of day. These prayers are simply repetitions of the laudatory ejaculation, “God is great!’’ “God is powerfull” “God is all. powerful! ” and are counted by the scrupulous on a string of beads. They may. dc performed at the mosque or any clean/ place. During prayer the eyes are turned to the Kebla or point of the heavens in the direction of Mecca, which ia indicated in every mosque by a niche called Mehrab, and externally by the position of. minarets and doors. Even tne posture during prayer is prescribed. The meet, solemn adoration is bowing the forehead to the ground. Women are tofold their hands on their bosoms and not to make such profound obeisance as the men. They are to pray gently and not toaccompany the men to the mosque. Its addressing God worshipers me to be humble, putting aside jewels and costly apparel.—[Brooklyn Eagle.

Nautical Phraseology. The far East has contributed several' words to nautical phraseology. Junk ia Is in Japanese, and is, perhaps,, found in several other Eastern tongues, including the Chinese. Catamaran is an. East Indian word, and it means bound logs, which is pretty close to the meaning of raft. The Portuguese jagand* has about the same meaning. The simplest words are those that puzzle the etymologists most, and. boat, which runs in various forma ■ through Anglo-Saxon and its kindred, tongues, has not been traced to a certain significance. Clipper and cutter come from clip and cut. The idea in each is a swift shin. Lugger the etymologists diffidently guess to be a carrier, or perhaps a vessel with lug sail* Lighter is simply a vessel that receive* the cargo of a bigger craft, and thuu lightens her. Wherry may mean a crank vessel, or possibly a swift one. Another guess is that it comes from the same rook as wharf, and contains the idea of turning. Yawl and jolly-boat are the same, and they go buck into the Teutonic, where they signify a small boat.. —[New York Sun.

An Odd Little Cactus. There grows upon the sands of theAtlantic, at least as far north as the Virginia line, a little cactus with a pretty, yellow flower. It flourishes in the dryest seasons and where nought butbare sand is visible for many, square yards. The secret of its sturdy growth amid hard conditions is found, perhaps, in the character of its roots. They ere - long and tough, like twine cords, and,. radiating in several directions, they.* convey to the plant whatever moisture the ground contains for yards around,!. Oddly enough, too, this cactus when torn up by the roots and conveyed north seems to live on indefinitely under entirely new. conditions, its roots cut short, planted in clay soil, and abundantly, watered.—[New York Sun.