Democratic Sentinel, Volume 17, Number 14, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 21 April 1893 — Page 5

THE FARMER’S RIGHT.

THE TARIFF BURDEN MUST BE REMOVED. Why the Reform Club Advocates Ad Valorem Duties—Schedules of the Bill Prepared for Congress’ Consideration — Occupation of the New “Calamity Howlers” Gone. The New “Calamity Howlers.” “Calamity howlers’’ have changed sides since Nov. 8. Before election all who did not think we could tax ourselves into prosperity, and who quoted statistics of increasing mortgages and millionaires, and gave some of the facts in regard to the hundreds of bounty-fed trusts that were advancing prices at one end of their factories and reducing wages at the other end, were “calamity howlers;” so the McKinleyites said. Since election the protectionists have turned about-face, and are doing some howling on their own account, or at least have begun to tune up their howler instruments; for, up to date, by some singular freak of fortune or misfortune, there has been, outside of the wage reductions in the pearl button, industry and the cessation of that other great McKinley protege—the tin industry—nothing to howl about. Instead of the protected industries getting ready to start “to destruction on a toboggan slide,” as some of the protectionists 6till promise, the most of our important industries are not only prosperous just now but are looking ahead, under the promise of free raw materials, to even greater prosperity. The manufacturers of cotton and woolen goods have been so unusually busy since the country fully decided to pay its own taxes and go to the dogs that wages have advanced from sto 10 per cent, in the cotton industry, and the price of wool has gone up several cents per pound. The iron and steel industry also is not preparing for the “utter destruction” to which it was doomed if the free-traders should get control of the government, and diminish the supply of the pap to this whopping infant. The enlargements and improvements now occurring in this industry in anticipation of free ores and an enlarged demand for finished products are sufficient to give the blues to this second crop of calamityites. Here are a few of the latest of these tantalizing items: On April 1 it was reported from Pittsburg that the Carnegie Steel Co., the largest of the kind in America, was preparing for a boom by increasing the capacity of its four great plants at Braddock, Duquesne, Beaver Falls, and Homestead. At Braddock the capacity of the blooming department is to be doubled, two immense underground heating furnaces to be added, and the big foundry and machine shops increased to provide employment to 200 more men. At Duquesne the capacity is to be more than doubled, and steel rails as well as billets will be made. The 1,000 employes will be increased by several hundred. At Homestead a new press for the armor plate works will be put in. It will cost over 81,000,000, and will be the largest piece of machinery of the kind in America, probably in the #vorld. It will enable the Carnegie Co. to make the greatest forgings in the world. A plate weighing 200 tons can be worked in one mass. At Beaver Falls two open hearth furnaces will be added. The total cost of all these improvements will be atleast $2,000,000. It was also announced that the Tyler Tube Works, at Washington, Pa., which now employs 270 men, is to double its capacity; the Gautier Steel Works, of Johnstown, Pa., is adding a new building for the manufacture of merchant steel, which will provide work for 100 new men. Many other mills are enlarging and others that have been closed are starting up. Toe pig-iron trade is in excellent condition and the wrought iron pipe mills have orders ahedK for six or eight months. In some other lines orders have been received for more than a year ahead, a most discouraging condition of affairs to contemplate for the tariff editors on Republican papers, whose hopes for promotion depend upon the fault they can find with free-trade rule.—Byron W. Holt.

Paying lor Recipro ity.

It will ,be remembered that President Harrison, under the so-called reciprocity sections of the McKinley bill, issued his proclamation declaring coffee imported to this country from Venezuela, Colombia and Haiti subject to an import tax of three cents a pound, because those countries were derelict in meeting the administration’s reciprocity ideas in admitting American products free of duty. They alleged they could not do so as it would break up tholr revenue system. The excuse was not accepted, and reciprocity as to those countries became retaliation. Well, what has been the result, and who pays the piper? In 1891,, before the retaliatory proclamation was issued, we imported about 520,000,000 pdunds of coffee, of which 87,500,000 pounds came from Venezuela, Colombia and Haiti. Th'is was a monthly average of 7,300,000 pounds from these three countries. Under the President’s proclamation this has fallen off to about 835,800 pounds a month, valued at $150,000. This was the report for January. The decrease was the effect of the exaction of a duty of three cents a pound so far as the quantity received from those countries is concerned. It cut down our supply to that extent. We received one-sixth pf our consumption from them. It was what is known in the trade as mild coffees, and cutting off their supply enabled other countries producing*the same grades to exact higher prices. The price of mild coffees to American consumers has been increased at least H cents a pound,-the increase in the aggregate amounting to several millions of dollars annually. The retaliatory proclamation has not only increased the price of coffee from the three countries, but has also affected the price of the large quantities of coffee that are on the free list. It has been stated that President Cleveland has called on the State Department for information as to our trade relations with the three countries; and tills suggests what is probably a fact, that be may rescind

President Harrison’s proclamation imposing the tax of three cents a pound. As the operation of McKinley reciprocity has been ter add to the cost of coffee to American consumers, it would seem to be the commonsense thing to do to wipe it out. It only adds another to the stupendous failures of McKinley ism.—Pittsburg Post.

Reform Club Tariff Schedules.

The following are the different schedules in the Reform Club tariff bill, with the more important items under each schedule. The figures showing the value of imports in 1892 and the present rate of duty, or the ad valorem equivalent, are taken from the tables accompanying the draft of the bill: SCHEDULE A, 50 PER CENT. Value Present Imports duty, 1892. ot. Fire crackers. t 898,533 140.15 Tobacco manufactured,. 2,769,0X1 127.81 SCHEDULE B, 40 PEB CENT. Wines #,246,278 54.73 Tobaoco, raw or manufactured 7.266,255 89.73 SCHEDULE C, 30 PEB CENT. Carriages 670,574 44.83 Spirits (Internal revenue 65 per cent 1,721.608 171.34 Silk, manufactured 31,442,180 63.94 SCHEDULE D, 25 PEB CENT. Earthenware 8.727,120 67.6! Glass and glassware 8,881,902 67.23 Manufactures of Iron, steel and tin 29,827,922 55.38 Metals and metal compositions 6,070,743 44.08 Manufactures of cotton 28,667.500 67.33 Laces and edgings 2,187,066 60 Wool, manufactures of 35,792,906 96.81 Gloves, except silk 5,812,799 66 SCHEDULE E, 20 PEB CENT. Ale and beer 1,753,421 47.53 Fish, canned In oil 1,175,892 31.25 Fruits, preserved, etc 1,084,424 34 Hops 839.295 42.85 Nuts 1,809,593 49.84 Rice 2,884,696 54.91 Buttons 1,337,516 01.71 Feathers and flowers, artificial 4,230,797 20.81 Musical' Instruments 1,046,006 40.33 Paints and colors 1,876,250 80.60 Coal-tar colors, eta 1,640,025 35 Glycerine 806,172 33 Soda, except soda ash 1,974,427 87.40 Manufactures of flax and hemn.12.909,807 40 SCHEDULE P, 16 PER CENT. Fruits 8,235,391 22 Soap 608,485 27.99 Burlaps 6,902,032 28.57 Bags for grain 1,238,748 45.42 Brushes i.... 807,844 40 Clooks and watohes 1,920,058 26.99 Oils, vegetable 1,649,203 26.65 SCHEDULE a. 10 PEB CENT. Furs 4,522,203 20 Leather, not manufactured.... 6,623,182 16 Cement 3,811.502 21.94 Soda ash 4,282,416 18.73 Barley 1,181,857 69.25 Potatoes 137,293 26.39 Books, maps, etc 2,076,927 25 Paper, manufactures of 3,356,360 82.60 Precious stones 12,561,871 10.64 Logwoods, dye woods, etc 326,577 11.36 Sumac 294,677 11.36 Iron ore 2.691,671 29.65 Scrap iron and steel 516,151 47.89 Wood, manufactured 9.187,324 18 Pulp 1,881,231 12 Animals 2,540,661 26.17 Eggs 3,054,905 15 Fish, not canned in oil 713,839 44.70 Hay 715,163 62.89 Salt 715,153 52.89 Vegetables, except potatoes... 2,577,630 38 Sugar 647,225 19.58 Coffee 516,745 16.07 Art works, paintings, etc 1,610,746 15 Bristles 1,412,875 10.46 Coal and coke 4.662,374 22.51 Several corrections should be made in the above table. Thus the duty on silk spun in skeins, etc., is put at 15 per cent.; the present duty is 35 per cent, and the value of the imports $1,093,384. This amount should be deducted from the total for silk. The duty on woolen yarn Is changed from 63.70 to 15 per cent. The value of the imports is $710,537, which should he deducted from the total for woolens. The value of the imports of pig iron and scrap iron should be deducted from the total of Iron and steel. The table is slightly Inaccurate in other ways, but will serve to give an idea of the rates of duties.

Press Comment.

Following are the opinions of some of the leading papers concerning the tariff bill prepared by the Reform Club: The tariff bill of the Reform Club of New York has at least the advantage of representing the business side of the tariff question. It is not assumed to be the conclusive word on the question when the next tariff bill is framed, but is part of a variety of informatibn sought with a view to to guidance. It is the antipode of that on which the McKinley committee most relied. Their system of action was to call the manufacturers of the country together, ask them how much duty they wanted, and then admit their claim, thus paying them for campaign contributions to the Republican party rendered and establishing a basis for further assessment. —Boston Herald, lnd. This method of drafting a tariff bill is entirely novel of late years, but it is thoroughly Democratic Hitherto it has been the custom for manufacturers, the direct beneficiaries of protection, to pool their interests, aDd then make demands upon a Republican Congress which promptly yielded to them. The great mass of the people were not consulted In such matters. * * * The best feature of this new undertaking of the Reform Club is that it will serve to direct'the attention of the industrial world to the fact that reductions of the tariff will be made within less than eighteen months.—Albany Argus, Dem. The services of the Reform Club in advancing the cause of tariff reduction have been inestimable in value. In season and out of season this club has sent speakers to all parts of the State, and sent its literature to thousands of citizens, and has pursued the protection fallacy to its death. The gentlemen who prepared the schedule bore the burden of the battle when the battle was burdensome. A report such as they have prepared merits study and courteous consideration. — Utica Observer, Dem.

Why Ad Valorem Duties?

The tariff bill proposed by the Reform Club contains only ad valorem duties. The only actual tariff composed entirely of ad valorem duties was the “Walker Tariff bill* of 1846, a bill which gave greater prosperity to all classes, and especially the farrier, than was ever enjoyed before or since. Here is one of Secretary Walker’s reasons in favor of this feature of his bill: “The tax upon the actual value is the most equal, and can only be accomplished by ad valorem duties. * * * All specific duties should be abolished and ad valorem duties substituted in tbeir place. * * * If an annual tax of S3O was assessed on all houses, without respect to their actual value, making the owner of the humble tenement or cabin pay a tax of S3O and the owner of a costly mansion a tax of but S3O on their respective houses, it would differ only in a degree, but not in principle, from the same unvarying specific duty on cheap as on fine articles. •

STYLES FOR SPRING.

WHAT FASHIONABLE WOMEN ARE WEARING. Handsome Blouse that Can Be Made (ram a Persian Shawl—Very Rich Dancing: Gown—Two Pretty Empire Dresses as Models. Gossip of Gotham Gayety. New York correspondence;

SUCH a blouse as that of the Initial picture can be made very prettily from a Persian or silken shawl, with armholes out in for the sleeves. It is lined and the Vshaped portion left uncovered at the back and front is trimmed with lace and ribbon. Ribbons or silk of the ground color of the shawl should be used here to hide the lining. Such a garment is particularly

suitable for slender figures. The shawl must tall in graceful folds and the ends can be tied behind or out away entirely, making a round waist and hooked at the back. The sleeves are n ade of silk of the predominant color ot the shawl; they are very full and have three stripes near the waist formed of lace over ribbon. Another showy waist was of the Empire form and was made of a yoke of velvet, gathered over the bust line. It had a great wheel-like bow in front with two flat loops spreading to each side. They reached to the shoulders almost. The center of the bow was held by a red jewel. The bow Itself had the upper loops pale yellow, the lower ones bright green, these shades showing in the rainbow velvet of the sleeves. Of course, the bow looked like nothing but a great bright-colored bug, but the woman who wore it seemed to feel all right. Here are two very pretty Empire dresses, which are offered as models for commencement dresses; or they would serve equally well for confirmation service. The first is of crepe de chine and has a narrow tucked yoke from which the full material hangs to where it is cut in the side seams of the tight lining. The seams are slightly curved to conform to the figure of the wearer, and the litilng does not require whalebones. If the silk is doublewidth, three breadths are required for the gown, but if single width, then from five to six are needed. The dress is gathered in front in & perfectly straight

FOR DAYS TO BE REMEMBERED.

line, and then the point la formed by cutting down the silk in strips. The latter are turned under and tacked down, to make it appear as If the silk is doubled without first being cut. The yoke is alike back and front, and may be tucked or laid In tiny box pleats, which hide th 3 hooks and eyes that close the drees. The back of the drees is either gathered or pleated from the point of the yoke on both sides. The inside of the skirt has a white satin ruffle. The seam where the dress Joins the yoke behind is hidden by a white ribbon that oommences at the armholes and meets in the center In a bow with long or short ends, as preferred. The sleeves are tight and have a full Empire puff. The other dress is in striped silk. At the back there is a square plastron of gathered or shirred white lace edged with a lace ruffle, and pendant from this is the full Empire dress. The latter is lined with satin and fits the figure at the sides. This gown, too, is the same in front and back, and is tied under the arms with a white ribbon bow, the ends of which hang to the bottom of the dress. The skirt is trimmed with a lace flounce headed by a white ribbon and butterfly bows. The sleeves Are tight and have a double puff edged with lace. A pretty gown 1b shown in the third picture. It is cut princess and is made of black peau dp sole trimmed with blaek lace. It has one dart in each front, and the back is cut like a bell skirt. A second skirt is worn underneath, and it has the whole front trimmed with lace. The upper skirt must be the same length as the one beneath, and the three parts seen in the illustration may be separate pieces or may be indicated by velvet ribbon. The waist of the gown must be trimmed similarly. The gown is lined with silk and fastens in the center. It is about three and a half yards wide. A jabot

FOB PAST MIDDLE AGE.

and bertha of lace are Dut at the peck, and the sleeves are composed of a tight cuff and two puffs. Ribbon can be-nsed to accomplish the necessary ruffles which now go around skirts. It saves either making the ruffle double or the trouble of lining It. Besides, the edge that the ribbon has makes the ruffle set out stiffly, and thus not so much is needed to go around. The prettiest way to put it on is by a heading of passementerie, or even by a cord of braid or a heading of regular

braiding. When there are to be three ruffles, the top one just above the knees, two or inch ribbon is pretty. Many of the ball toilets of the afterLent dances are very handsome, frequently rivaling those worn at the midwinter occasions. The Empire dress pictured was one of the prettiest of these. The material of the foundationdress was light-weight, pale green silk, and covered with white or pink crepe liftse. It could be made in one, or have a separate waist and a pleated skirt, for which eight or nine straight breadths would be required. In both cases the dress is hooked at the back invisibly. If the skirt is pleated it is not necessary to line It, but otherwise it is lined with satin. It is out in the usual manner, not gored much at the waist behind, but laid in pleats. What is necessary to form these pleats must be added to the back breadths. When the foundation dress is finished

AFTER A SPELL OF BELF-DENIAL.

the crepe is draped over it, with oqual fullness in Dack and front. The upper part is arranged in folds which conform to Ihe V-shaped neck and are finished by a green ribbon and a ruching of the crepe lisse which is ngala tied with ribbon. From these the ompe fails in straight folds, bias slightly at the sides. Ihe edge is trimmed with two rows of ribbon on which are placed small rosettes of narrower ribbon. The back breadths of the crepe aro held in place by tiny hooks or pretty stick pins. The sleeves are puffed and finished with ribbon to correspond with the rest. Fashion makes poor woman ridiculous, or so the men say, but she may be thankful after all that she is not a foreign minister in London and compelled to appear at a drawing-room in a blue uniform, entirely covered with gold embroidery, aud with a huge gold key fastened to the back of his coat. That woman Is, Indeed, foolish who permits a fashion to emphasize her defects. But what is the poor man to do whose silk tigbts set forth a pair of legs that sadly need a petticoat to hide them. Many a lord In England has to make himself ridiculous like that upon great public occasions. Woman may well afford to Indulge in bustles, hoops, trains and big sleeves, ana to be charitable enough not to talk back when men deride her. A second ball dfess is the subjeot of this last sketch, and It is an elegant and costly one. Pink brocade was the material and ecru tulle and laoe the trimming. The embroidered tulle was arranged, as Indicated, about the skirt In festoons hold by rosettes of pink crepe chiffon. The bodice had a bertha of the tulle and laoe kept In place with chiffon rosettes. You can easily give the needed flare to your last summer skirts, those pretty ones of gingham and satine that yov

RICHLY ATTIRED FOR DANCING.

had made like umbrella cases for closeness. You may do this, and with sufficient success to satisfy you. Slit the skirt up two or three times as far as the knee or a little above, ihus converting the lower half of the skirt into a series of panels. Now construct a half skirt over which these panels will hang. Let the half skirt have ail the flare you want and be gorgeous with a lot of encircling ruffles. The panels will spread apart and the under portion will show with all the pretty ruffles. You can tack the panels down, and only pretend ruffles except where they really show. Of course, you will make the under part of batiste, hamburg embroidery, or of mull, with nice crisp little wash iace ruffles. The clinging length of the train must be modified and rounded, and the panel effect carried out in the back, too, if you like, or you may have Just one split at the middle seam in the back. The bodice Is now to be turned into a round one, by cutting off the lower part, or wearing the belt of the skirt over Instead of under the waist You will set a wide, crisp ruffle on a belt, the ruffle and the belt being of the same stuff as the underskirt. You will modify the bodice about the shoulders, make it in surplice fashion, or in any of the many possible ways which will bring it in accord with the things that ore now correct. When it is all over you may sigh for the skirts of last summer, but you will for all that know that you have a very pretty gown. Copyright IW3.

Unappreciated Importance.

The floating dock and the typewriter are among the many important inventions that were hit upon by men who have made no attempt to patent their ideas. A photographer conceived the idea of a floating dock before the device was perfected and put to practical use, and a naval officer thought out a practical typewriter, but was persuaded by friends to abandon his invention as a thing nobody could he induced to use.

FROM THE LAND OF ICE

THE EXHIBIT OF ALASKA AT THE WORLD’S FAIR. Displays of Furs, Minerals and Native Woods—War Canoes and Other Things. Anthropologists as well as people who do not care much for pottery, fetiches and such things will find many objects in Alaska’s exhibit (in charge of Lieutenant Emmons, of Uncle Sam’s Navy) to interest them. The fish display alone will embrace seventy or more specimens. Those have been stuffed and mounted by F. E. Frobese, taxidermist to the Alaska Ethnological society. There will be seen in the collection halibut weighing 150 pounds each and tiny korishky scarcely two inches in length. Then there will be needle fish, many spccimans of trout found in the waters of Alaska and salmon weighing sevonty pounds each. The display of furs will be one of the richest exhibited by any country. It has been loaned to the government by Messrs. Koehler and James, of Juneau, Alaska, and includes sea otters, silver fox, seal, bear, wolf, mink, lynx and wolverine. A single pelt of a soa otter in the exhibit is worth $500. The fur of the blue or glacial bear will also be a feature of the display. A box scarcely larger than a tomato crate holds $2,000 worth of these valuable furs. It stands In the lieutenant’s office with its covering of boards held together by a hundred nails and the eyes of a guard glaring down upon it when strangers in that portion of the building are numerous.

The exhibit of the nntivo woods of Alaska will surely be of interest to lumbermen in all parts of the world. There has been a vaguo idea in the minds of many people that the faraway territory of America is scarcely more than u oountry locked in ice and snow, with bears grinning down from glacial heights. Lieutenant Emmons’ exhibit will servo to dispel this popular but ignorant belief. There will be seen in the display all the woods of Southeastern Alaska, which include alder, hemlock, rod and yellow cedar and spruce. Sections of these trees, with the bark still clinging on thorn, will be exhibited in the forestry department of the collection. There will also be displayed specimens of yellow cedar, which will be remarkable for their polish. This wood, Lieutenant Emmons says, is excellently adapted to the most intricate designs in carving and cabinet work, and is popularly called the sandalwood of tho North. Unfortunately, however, the woods of Alaska are not permitted to leave tho country, and thus the giant forests remain in all thoir primeval beauty and vastnoss. Were it not for this restriction the spruco would find a ready sale in California, where it is greatly needed for fruit boxes and crates. The mineral collection is contributed by tho mining districts of Harris, Berners Bay, Sumdrin and Sitka, and consists of 1,700 panels. The southeastern section of the territory and the valley of the Yukon are rioli in gold and silver, but owing to the mountainous country and the almost tropical growth of underbrush, induced by the humidity of *the climate, tho minerals are difficult of access. Gold is to be found in almost every mountain stream and there are rich ledges in the Juneau and Sitka districts. Along the coast there is little or no placer mining. Quartz crops out of the hillside, but notwithstanding these inducements to the ever-plodding prospector Lieutenant Emmons says that a poor man stands but little show of bettering his condition there. It is capital that is needed, he says, and until this is brought into the country the development of the mineral resources will be slow and unsatisfactory.

Besides the display of gold and silver there will be a line exhibit of coal, asbestos and copper. The Alaska Treadwell Gold and Mining Company, which operates 240 stamps, will display several bricks of lead, heavily plated with gold. The ethnological exhibit is the personal property of Lieutenant Emmons, and was gathered during his long term of service as a naval officer stationed in Alaska, It is probably one of the most complete of its character to be found at the fair. It will illustrate the life, manners, habits, traditions and practices of the native tribes from Dixon’s entrance on the south to and through the arctic, and will consist of building and Ashing implements, stone, ivory, bone and copper utensils, ceremonial and feast dresses, basketry and mat work ond the articles used by tne medicine men or doctors in effecting cures. Still another feature of this collection will be war canoes, sea otter canoes from the Mount Elias district, birch bark canoes from the Yukon, and a skin canoe from Bering Sea. The war canoe, which will attract much attention, is 80 feet long with a A foot beam, and is capable of seating fifty warriors. It is of ancient and barbaric pattern, mode from one log, and belonged years and years ago to Shakes, the hereditary chief of theStiokheenan tribe. When old Shakes went to war in this boat it was with a ferocious display of bear heads at the bow and stern. These were carved in wood, but the teeth were those of the beast himself. The carvings are in the possession of Lieutenant Emmons, and will be attached to their proper places when the exhibit is finally installed in the government building.—[Chicago Herald.

He Would Not Leave

It is the custom in the British Army that whenever a regiment is transferred from one colony to another, prisoners who may be in the jail are handed over to the outgoing corps and continue their sentences at the new station. In one cose one of these jail-birds made up bis mind that he would not leave the colony. Private Johnson was one of the smartest men in the corps, and furthermore he was an excellent groom and almost a “cordon bleu.’’ He had one sad failing. He was a thief. His' peculations had, however, been generally small, and he escaped serious punishment. One night a large store in thetown was broken into and a considerable amount of money stolen. It was conclusively proved that Johnson was the thief and he was sent to jail. When the regiment was leaving the colony Johnson, with some other soldier prisoners, was to be handed over according to custom. When, however, his coll was visited it was empty and there was not a sign of Johnson anywhere. A search was made in every direction, and at last a prisoner pointed to a cocoanut tree which grew in the middle of the prison-yard, and there comfortably seated among the tuft of leaves, was Johnson. The Wbrden at first tried to get the man down by quiet persuasion, then he threatened, then stormed and swore. Johnson laughed contentedly at every mood, but did not move. The fact was reported to the Colonial Secretary, who recommended that the fire-engine be called out and the man washed down. The chief of the fire department hardly thought it was

consonant with his dignity to wash a prisoner out of a cocoanut tree, and reported that there was not pressure of water enough to got a stream to the top of the tree. This was probably true, for the tree was a tall one. The case was again referred to the Colonial Secretary, who took it before tho Governor. His Excellency was having luncheon with some of the departing officers and their friends and was having a good time. He was vexed that at such a time he should be troubled with official work, as hastily glancing over the document he added the following instructions: “Cut the fellow down. I mean the tree.” This could only be done by the engineer, ing department, so orderlies were sent out to find the chief engineer. While all this was going on, time was slipping away. Almost all the troops were on board the troopship, and as these vessels wait for no one, the escort which had been sent to bring Johnson down to the ship had to hurry off not to be late itself. Johnson bellowed a farewell, and despite the strong language of the warden still laughed and did not move. Before the engineer department had come to a conclusion os to how to cut down the tree and lower it gradually, the troopship had up anchor and was steaming out of the harbor. Then Johnson climbed down the tree and finished his sentence on the island, to which he had taken a fancy. His conviction find carried with it his “discharge with ignominy.” He settled in the island and was soon in easy circumstances. He had undoubtedly hidden his stolen property, and after his release dug it up and started in business. When Johnson was last seen he was flourishing and had a large cocoanut grove around his cottage.— [New York ribune.

HELD UP BY HORNETS.

A Swarm of These Feats Demoralize a Truluload of Feople. I have had just ono experience of bciug hold up by traiu robbers. It was at tho hands of somo Texas gentlemen, and iu company with a good-sized train loud of fiery Southrons and mild Eustcrn folk, and I well remember how tho sand sifted out of the boot heels of tho whole crowd, and wo sat or stood or crouched and cowed like helpless, scared iufants under cover of two medium sized Winchesters. But I was aboard a train in Mexico, that was held up and gono through under circumstances of horror and terror that wero beyond anything I havo heard of or imagined. Wo were running along smoothly through tho State of Coahulln ono wretchedly warm day last full, when just as eutored a patch of woods the brakes wero clapped tight on and tho train stoppod with a jerk that shook us up considerably. Tho idea of train robbers seemed instantly to striko every one, and there was a hurried secreting of valuables. But it wasn’t to bo that kind of an invasion. Tho decayed trunk of a big tree had fallen squarely across tho track. It was too big to take chances on thrusting it aside by charging it with tho pilot, so the train hands and some of the passengers started with a rope to drag it out of the way. Tho rope was fastened round the stump, there was a long pull all together, and then a frightened howl and a wild break by everybody for the cars, every man threshing his arms in tho air like a windmill.

“Hornets!" howled the burly brakeman who headed the rush, as he hurled himself into tho first car, incontinently slammed tho door in the face of the others, and dived under a seat. I happened to be on the platform of this ear, and got in just uhend of him. Probably half a dozen passengers wero iu tho cars, tho rest having stepped off to investigate tho trouble. All the windows were open, and in a few seconds the traiu wus in possession of several hundred big Mexican hornets, tho wickedest thing on wings, with business ends like u dose of future puuishment administered with a .live wire. There were at least three hornets’ nests in the decayed tree, and the hauling of the tmln hands brought out the inhabitants. There was a moment of gaping surprise, then a chorus of howls, and every man and woman left in the cars tried to crawl beneath the seats, pullings coats, cloaks, anything over thoir heads. Not forty train robbers, nor a whole tribe of hostile Apaches, could have inspired such demoralized terror. The conduotor, with rare presence of mind, headed the crowd who nod hauled on the tree, shouting. “Break for the baggage car,” and, os only the ono door of that car was open, the score or so of passengers, once bundled in, were comparatively safe, although hopelessly prisoners. The hornets buzzed angrily, or maybe gleefully, outside «nd about the smothered passengers in the coaches, and all was a burning blank.

But wo couldn’t stay there, yet wo daren’t turn out and fight them. Finally, so I heard later, the fireman volunteered to face the horror for us. Tying his blouse around his head he ran forward, tied the rope, still fast to the tree, to the pilot, jumped on the engine, and started her back with a lively jolt. The tree wua dragged almost clear, and the rope broke. But the fireman was having too warm a time to try further experiments, so he kept her running back at a mighty gait. The hornets either flew out or blew out of the windows, and, after running back a couple of miles, he stopped the train and coaxed us out, a sore and sorry crowd. But we couldn’t go back; and we couldn’t stay there; and we were loath to take further chances with the hornets, which wo imagined to be lying in wait for us up the track. Finally all the windows and doors were closed tight, the engineer shut himself In his cab. and we went plunging ahead. He said the pilot struck the old tree and sent it flying skyward, enveloped in a cloud of hornets thus dislodged from smashed nests. But we were out of range and sight in a few seconds, and slid past the next way station at a paco that brought the sleepy Mexican* to the platform in amazement. An occasional howl during yet another hour or two told the discovery of a lingering hornet in the cars, and w-hen we reached the next village we bought up the entire stock Of ointments, oils, and soothing salvc3 in the single drug store, and the train was a surgery for the remainder of the day.— [St. Louis Globe Democrat.

From Five Cents to $325.

A five-eent stamp was sold in New York the other day for $325, and it had been cancelled at that. It was the New Haven tive-cent stamp of 1845, and had been cut from the envelope, which impaired its value. Aside from its actual value, the stamp has an interesting history. It was sent by Mr. Depew to his family in Peekskill and passed into the hands of Mrs. Duval, wife of Mr. Lepew’s secretary, about ten years later. Her son sold it to Scott & Co., from whom Mr. Mayer bought it. . Mr. Scott got it back last night for $325. —[Picayune.

POPULAR SCIENCE NOTES.

The Most Efficient Type op EkfliNß. —According to Prof. Thurston’s Investigations, the most efficient type of engine may be said to possess the following characteristics, namely: The greatest practical range of commercial eoonomic expansive working of steam, the fluid to enter the cylinder at the highest admissible pressure and expanded down to a minimum economical pressure at exhaust; the wastes of heat must be made a minimum, all loss of heat by conduction and radiation from the engine to be prevented if possible; and the usually much more serious waste which occurs within the engine by transfer of heat from the steam side to exhaust, and re-evaporation without doing its projier work must be checked as completely as practicable — this latter condition as well as commercial considerations limiting the degree of expansion allowable, as it also dictates the high speed of the engine; the largest amount of work must be done by the engine that it is capable of performing with due regard to the preceding desiderata—this rule rendeiing it necessary to drive the engine up to the highest speed and to adopt the highest practicable mean steam pressure. Are the Materials of the Earth and the Sun Similar?— In a recent discussion before the British Institution of Mechanical Engineers of the theory that the earth must be composed of the same materials as the sun, it was urged that such a view receives striking confirmation from the spectroscope, by means of which instrument it has been demonstrated that there exist in the sun mnny of our metals, particularly iron, in the state of vapor—while meteoric stones, which belong to the same order of substances as the planets, have been found, by actual analysis, to be largely composed of iron and its carbides. Again, the law of the diffusion of gases would lead to the presumption that on the condensation of the metallic vapor the substances of higher specific gruvity, or greater atomic weight, would collect chiefly near the centre of the future globe, while the lighter matters would tend to aggregate on the surface; and, as the mean specific gravity of the earth is about five, while that of its superficial deposits ranges from only two and onehalf to four, it is thought to be evident that the interior of the globe must be composed of substances having high specific weights, such as iron, for example, which ranges between seven and eight. Moreover it is certain that the rocks at a comparatively short distance down from the surface exist in a highly heated if not in a molten condition.

Sending Writing and Photographs over an Electric Wirk.--Aii exhibition of tho workings of the Gray telautograph was given to newspaper men at the offico of the company on tho seventh floor of No. 80 Broadway, New York, last Tuesday. The invention is different from the telephone in that the latter transmits speech, while this later dovice enables a sender to write at ono end of any oomplete circuit and his handwriting is reproduced in foc-siraile at the other: thus tho sonder and receiver each lias a record of every message and reply. If the receiver is absent when the message is sent he will find tho messago on his return. One advantage is tho secrocy which its work insures. Tho sender sits in his office; he calls up the central office and oaks to be put in communication with a certain number. This done lie writes upon a scroll on the top of the instrument, and as he writes hits handwriting and signature are reproduced upon a similar scroll placed before the receiver ot the other end. Meanwhile the operator in the Central is ignorant of what is passing between the persons in communication. An artist in like manner can transmit a sketch. An'ordinary lead pencil is used by the sender. The receiving pen at the other end of the circuit moving simultaneously with the pencil of the sender, is a cupillary glass tube, placed at the junction of two aluminium arms. The pen is supplied with ink which flows from n reservoir through a small rubber tube placed in one of these arms. Elisha Gray, of Highland Park, 18., is the inventor. T. M. Logan, of New York, is President of the Company. Tho factory is at Highland Park, 111.

Remarkable Tenacity of Life.

The pious Doctor Shirely Palmer tells a fish stoty that is oalculatcd to muke the members of the St. Louis Hunting and Fishing Association (to use a strictly original expression), “turn green with envy." By some hook or crook, hook no uoubt, Mr. Palmer came into possession of a’flnc brace of tench. Thoy were a lively pair of finny beauties when the Doctor took them home with the idea ol slaughtering them for his Sunday dinner. Placing them in a pail of water he pul them into the larder and thought no more about, the matter. That night at midnight he was aroused, so he says, by a groan proceeding from the aforesaid larder. Inspection of the room explained the mystery. One of the fish hod sprung from the basin or pail and lay gasping upon the floor, every now nnd then uttering sounds similar to those which had disturbed Mr. Palmer. Next day both fish were prepared for dinner, but such were their tenacity of life that both, after having undergone the process of scaling and evisceration, Sprang from the pan and wriggled about on the floor us though they had but recently been re- • moved from their native element. The above is told as a scientific fact, not as a “fish story.” or in the way of a joke.—[St. Louis llepublic.

Couldn’t See the Joke.

What constitutes the point of a joke it largely a matter of opinion. A German one day expressed himself us being somewhut offended because an American gentleman had asserted that his Teutonic countrymen could not, as a rule, appreciate American jokes. “Try one on me,” said he, defiantly, and the American according told him the story of the tree “out West” which was so high that it took two men to see to the top. One oi them saw as far as he could, and then the second began to look at the spot where the first stopped seeing. The recital did not raise the ghost of a smile upon the German’s face, and the other said to him, “Well yon seethe joke is lost on you. You can’t appreciate American humor." “Oh. but,” said the German, with the frankness characteristic of his countrymen, “that is not humor—that is one lie!”—[New York Dispatch. Hawaii has a total population of 100,000: Native population, 35,000; halfcasts, 6,000: Chinese, 15,000; Japanese, 12,000; Americans, 2,000; foreign parentage, 7,500. Imports valued at $7,000,000; exports, $13,280,000. Schools, 178; of these thirty-six are native schools; pupils in all, 10,000. Native churches, fifty-nine; communicants, 5,427. Foreign churches, eleven; membership, 1,190.-