Democratic Sentinel, Volume 17, Number 7, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 3 March 1893 — Page 5

ON TARIFF AND TRUSTS.

HOW THE ONE FOSTERS THE OTHER. That Awful Italance of Trade—Our Tribute to the Sugar Kellner* —What Make* Wheat and Cotton Cheap—Wonders of Annexation. The Ruling l'assiou Strong In Death. Governor McKinley in his; first speech since the presidential election, at Columbus, Ohio, said : “The great policy of protection is the true policy.” “The wool growers have had it their own way ever since 1867.” “You are entitled to the highest protection. ” “I do not believe in free raw material.” Bravo, McKinley! you are a brick; A regular right down stunner! you’ll spike your guns and sink the ship. But never turn a runner. Whilst you your party represent, We’re sure to stand In winner. You’re just the sort as won’t repent. An unregenerate sluner. There's no mistaking where you stand, Nor what you’re after neither. Mulct every laborer in the land. And wouldn’t blush much either. I thought as how you might have learnt A little moderation, Seeing your fingers you have burnt In fooling with the nation. But no! .you’re just the same old man, And nothing will content ye, But squeezing all you ever can. To give to them with plenty. “Nothing forget and nothing learn” Is the motto of your party, And that’s what makes us chaps, what earn Our living, hate you hearty. ►-Jack Plain, In American Industries.

Our Tribute to Sugar-Refiners.

It seems an easy and small thing to have protected the sugar-refiners to the extent of a duty of from threefifths to-one-half cent per pound on refined sugar while admitting the raw sugar free—something no one but a refiner buys. In a short space of time the system enabled the refineries to pay enormous dividends on stock four times watered, and to concentrate seven-eighths of all the refineries in the United States under one head, the American Sugar-Refin-ing Company. The company mentioned could not pay over 10 per cent, on its plant, intrinsically worth 818,000,000, for sugar-refining only were it not for this McKinley hill. As it is it pays 7 per cent, on $37,500,000 preferred stock, same on $10,000,000 bonds and 10 per cent, on about $30,000,000 ’of common 6tock, which stock is now selling at between 130 and.l4o. In short, stock that is selling at a value of $110,000,000 would be worth only $18,000,000 if Congress would at once take this half a cent off rpflned sugar. Granulated sugar, which is the sugarmostly used, would sell then for4| cents per pound, same as in Canada, instead of 4J as in New York. Allow £hat they make three-eighths of one cent per pound only. They refine an average of 30,000 tons per week, or call it 1,500,000 tons per annum, which is at least 3,000,000,000 pounds. Now, what is.three-eights cent per pound protection but $11,250,000? Therefore you can see why they can pay enormous dividends on fourfoldwatered stock and have a handsome surplus left. The American people are contributing to this mammoth refinery and do not appreciate it, simply because sugar is cheap anyway. But if we are to contribute a premium of $11,000,000 annually it ought to go to the Government and not to the sugar refineries. Reason, in New York World.

What Makes Wheat and Cotton Cheap.

I desire to express appreciation of the excellent work done by you during the recent electoral campaign, more , particularly in the clearness with which you have seen and stated the most serious evil which is inflicted upon the people of the West by a protective tariff—the exclusion of their customers from their markets. It is the tariff, and nothing but the tariff, which has kept down the price of wheat, corn, and cotton. The tariff has shut out from us more than SBOO.000,000 of European products every year, for every dollar of which payment would have been made in Western farm products and Southern cotton and tobacco. That it has thus excluded imports to that amount admits of no doubt. Indeed, protectionists boast that it has done so, and bewail the terrible possibility of its abolition for the avowed reason that it would lead to a flood of foreign goods, to this or an even greater amount. And it admits of still less doubt that the admission of these goods would lead instantly to a demand for Western and Southern products to the full amount of SBOO,000,000 a year. This would raise the price of wheat by 30 cents, of corn 20 cents, and of cotton 3 cents. Few advocates of tariff reform have perceived this fact, although it is conclusively proved by the history of all tariff reductions in the past. It is to your credit that you have persistently dwelt upon the effect of tl\e tariff in closing the American farmer’s markets; and I hope that you will continue the work of education along the same lines, until the farmer has an open market in which both to buy and to sell. —Thomas G. Shearman, in St Louis Republic.

Wonders of Annexation.

This is already the greatest country the sun ever shone upon. But what will it be when Claus Spreckels annexes Hawaii to us; when Goldwin Smith has pulled down the commercial and political barriers between us and Canada; and when the American syndicate now in control of San Domingo’s finances have hitched that miserable bankrupt island on to our then united kingdom? What great blessings will flow from the possession of these islands and countries, and the increased.commerce do to unrestricted trade with them? For if all are a part of this United States the benefits of free trade will be undisputed. The most rock-ribbed professor in the McKinley school of economics does not advocate protective tariff walls between our States; and certainly there are more natural reasons for such a wall between New York and Virginia than between New York and Canada—that is, of course, if Canada were also a pail of this country? Now two tariff walls are necessary between each of these countries to keep them mutually prosperous. But

let a few politicians and rich speculators put one name over all, and, like magic, everything is reversed; trade will then be wholesome and enrich each and all of the before separate nations. It will then be perfectly proper for a merchant or a manufacturer in New York to sell to a farmer in Canada and take his produce in exchange. A wonderful world this, with its common-sense ways of solving perplexing questions!

“We Are the People.”

About 25,000 protected manufacturers have formed the habit, during the past thirty years, of calling themselves “the people,” and of drawing no lines of distinction between their and our prosperity and country. It must be admitted that they have been encouraged in this delusion until it has become in part true. These few manufacturers have made this country their own, and have substituted themselves for the people to the extent that they have for years owned Congress and virtually dictated the policy of the country on matters affecting themselves differently from what it does the rest of the people. Thus they have made tariff laws that take dimes and dollars out of the pockets of millions and put millions into the pockets of thousands. This they call making the country prosperous; and, so far a 9 they are concerned, it is so. But, as may be imagined, and as the people have decided by about 7,000,000 to 5,000,000, there is another side to this question. Well, it could scarcely he expected that these habits could be broken at once. Hence it is*not strange that we should find language like the following from the Manufacturer, of Philadelphia: “An extra session of Congress is much to he deprecated, and for many reasons. American industry now has high prosperity which cannot endure without the existence of the protective system. Under ordinary circumstances that system can hardly be overthrown for eighteen months to come. It is in every way desirable that the country should-have all the advantage that is possible from its continuance, so that full preparation for the impending revolution shall be made. The Post and other radical journals are consistent in asking for prompt action, but, nevertheless, they will not obtain it.” This sounds as if the manufacturers consider that they still have a “cinch” on our law-making body, and intend to continue to pull the political and legislative strings. There will be an awakening and a realization for some of our pampered manufacturers soon after the 4th of March, when an extra session orders them to take their hands out of the people’s pockets—not in eighteen months, but at once.

“Plunging Into Wild Disaster.”

The Manufacturer of Dec. 3 says: “If the tariff permits the manufacturers to filch from the people their substance, It cannot be repealed a day too soon. If free trade is to bring higher wages to the workers and lower prices to everybody, then Mr. Cleveland’s duty is to call Congress together in March and to insist that we shall have free trade before July. To defer for any reasons the precipitation of these blessings upon the nation would be a crime. To postpone the day of jubilee out of consideration for the feelings or the interests of the robber manufacturers would be to betray the people for the advantage of their enemies.” We find no fault with this logic or with these statements. Congress cannot stop the robbery any too soon to suit us. The Manufacturer, however, leaves us in doubt as to the sincerity of its opinions when it says: “The mass of the Democrats are well aware that the summary overthrow of protection would plunge the nation into wild disaster.” We confess the provocation was great, but we are unable to make ourselves believe that out of spite or for pure cussed ness the mass of the Democrats —that is, the mass of the people—have decided to plunge Into wild disaster. We incline to accept the first conclusion of the Manufacturer, and to Insist that we shall have free trade, or as near to it as we can get, before July, and that the day of jubilee be no longer postponed because of the interests of the robber manufacturers.

Help! Quick!

The talk of Congress holding an extra session to reform the tariff has subsided considerably, but the necessity of an extra session exists as much if not more now than ever. If the McKinley bill was the monstrosity that the Democratic party made a majority of the voters believe, why not get it off the books at once? There is neither reason nor justice in making the people pay tribute to the beneficiaries of protection any longer than they should. The President and House of Representatives were elected upon the promise of the Democrats to revise the tariff, and the complexion of the Senate was changed by making that question the issue in electing a number of legislatures. No excuse whatever can be trumped up to call for postponement until December. The party should do its duty to those who placed it in power by proving its sincerity when the Chicago convention stated that “protection was a fraud.”—Freeland (Pa.) Tribune.

We're Headed Right Again.

“As the member of an infant empire, as a philanthropist by character and, if I may be allowed the expression, as a citizen of the great republic of humanity at large, * '* * I cannot avoid reflecting with pleasure on the probable influence that commerce may have on human manners and society in general. I consider how mankind may be connected like one great family In fraternal ties. I indulge a fond, perhaps an enthusiastic, idea, that as the world is evidently much less barbarous than it has been its melioration must still be progressive; that nations are becoming more humanized in their policy, and in fine that the period is not very remote when the benefits of a liberal and free commerce will pretty generally succeed to the devastations and horrors of war. ” George Washington. August 15, 1786. The third European cholera epidemic (1865) lasted ten years.

GOWNS FOR THE HOUSE,

SOME VERY PFfETTY DRESSES FOR INDOOR WEAR. Simple and Becoming Jacket for an In-valid-Suggestions Concerning the Umpire Suit—The Cong Jacket a Relief iron, the Perpetual Corselet. Gotham Fashion Gossip. New York correspondence:

Ww Y initial illustra--11 tion shows a dress IWI of green cloth, ■ with corselet and , m ■ yoke of striped and full \J fronts and sleeves '/ draped with old rose surah. The skirt Is of the improved umbrella pattern. It is not trimmed In any way, but a balayeuse of the mate- \ r'al should be A placed inside to A keep the edge out. m The bodice is first cut out in lining from an ordinary pattern, and care•v fully fitted, ffhe basque is one and a half inches long

at the front and back, but only one inch deep on the hips, consequently the skirt must be made to fit around the waist, to prevent any gaps appearing. The yoke is of velvet, and reaches from the shoulders to the darts in front; while at the back it may be slightly longer. The seams of the back lining are first sewn, pressed and toned, and then the yoke is well stretched upon it. The fronts are sewn and boned,and fastened by hooks and eyes down the middle. Then the yoke is careiully pinned on to them. Great care must be taken that the stripes match at the shoulders, and are perfectly straight at the center of both front and back. When this is done the surah is taken, and arranged in three deep pleats from each shoulder at the back; It should be cut on the cross, and ought to be of good quality, as otherwise it will not drape well. When draping the front a point of about eight inches long is left on each side and tied by two little knots of silk; it is afterwards fastened into the armhole, appearing to form part of the drapery. The surah should be fastened into the side seams and the arm holes, but need not be brought much lower than the top of the corselet, as otherwise it will give the waist a clumsy appearance. The left side of the drapery

FOR INVALIDS’ WEAR.

must be fastened over the yoke with hooks and eyes, as this latter passes under it and fastens on the shoulder. The corselet can be made on the bodice, or as a separate addition. In the latter case the bodice is worn under the skirt, to which it is attached by hooks and eyes. As it is very difficult for an amateur to make the bodice and corselet all in one, I shall describe the more simple plan of making the corselet separately. It is made of the same velvet as the yoke. A lining is first cut and fitted from the bodice pattern, then sewn and boned, with the exceptions or the seams at the middle of the back, the front, and the sides. The corselet Is now in four pieces, which should be covered with velvet, well stretched with pins and faced with thin Italian cloth. Both velvet and lining must be cut on the cross. The corselet fastens Invisibly, with hooks and eyes, at the left side. The sleeve is cut on a tight fitting lining and the lower part is covered with velvet, while the upper part consists of a large puff of surah, prettily draped, and to which the two points of the front drapery are attached. The military collar may be either of cloth or of velvet A very simple and pretty bed jacket is presented in the second sketch. It can be made cheaply, and to look very pretty, of cream flannel, lined with rose-colored erepon. Ot course, it will be more expensive and more handsome if very fine cashmere be used, and then it should be lace-trimmed. The material

NEW BODICE AND NOVEL YOKE.

required is one and three-quarter yards ot flannel, and it can be easily made up by the most inexperienced worker. Take a piece of material one and threequarter yards long and thirty-two inohes wide. Fold it in half and mark the center with a pin. Measure eight Inches on either side of the center pin and mark with two other pins. Then fold the material again and cut a slit eight inches long down the fold. Turn each of the pieces thus cut over as far as the pins, forming a turn-down collar for the neck. When this is finished measure six inches each way from the lower corners of the cape, mark with pins and turn the corners over, fastening with a stitch or two. Then put a button and loop on each, at the places maiked by the pins, thus forming a cuff. Nothing now remains but to make three pleats just under the opening of the collar to form

the shoulders, to put a false Mem down each front, and to trim the collars and cuffs with lace. This jacket may. i* preferred, be lined with thin washing silk, which, when turned over, forms a very pretty collar and cuffs; but when It is made of good flannel this lining is unnecessary, though the cuffs and collar look very pretty faced with lightcolored silk. The collar is fastened by ribbons to match the color of the silk. The long jacket seen at the left in the next engraving opens from the waist, and is a pheasant change from the perpetual corselet bodice, and Is besides, far more becoming to most people. The material of this costume is woolen goods in cream color with electric-blue stripes. Large mother-of-pearl or bone buttons fasten it and lend a chic appearance. The sleeves, although full, are only very slightly raised on the shoulder. The revers are of surah Bilk, in the same shade as the stripe, and the full vest is of coffee-colored surah. The same style would look equally well in any colored striped material, for instance, two shades of green, or darkblue and red, or* for a raven-haired beauty, amethyst and old gold. For half mourning, blaok and gray or black and red would both be effective. The other gown, although so simple, is very becoming and fashionable. The yoke needs a word or two of notice, for it is a novelty, and any novelty in the way of yokes is welcome. The ribbon

A RICH HOUSE GOWN.

bow, placed at the side of the yoke, is very pretty, and also takes away from the upright bow which terminates the band the one-sided look this new fashion in sashes is inclined to give the wearer. A tea gown of red plush trimmed with cream lace and straw-colored surah is to be seen in the fourth picture. The front is formed by lace insertions divided by stripes of finely pleated surah. The collarette Is also of the surah. The little girl’s dress Is of cream castimere, the skirt being strewn with small pink and blue flowerets. The bodice and sleeves are of the plain cream. The bretelles and flat flounces around the edge of the skirt are of cornflower blue velvet. Either your gown must be draped in front and all outline of the figure about the waist line and between that line and the bust concealed, or you must particularly emphasize these lines. One way of doing so is to have the bodice fit absolutely without wrinkle or fastening. The high collar Is made of a band of embroidered or beaded stuff, as broad as the neck will permit. Across the chest passes a similar band and just over the bust line another. Right above the waist line a band entirely encircles the body, and Immediately below the waist line, marking the end of the bodice, there Is another band about the body. The bands across the chest and breast are curved to harmonize with the circles below, the whole effect being to give an abundance of pretty curves to a good figure. Let ue hope both fashions will prevail, for the loose style certainly sets off the other, and the other adds to the loose. But the woman in the loosefronted gown, if ehe has a figure, is •at onoe consumed with a desire to show the other woman that she, too, can wear that style, and if she hasn’t a figure she is likely to feel there is no compensation in wearing a lovely gown when she

PART OF A TROUSSEAU.

feels its style reveals or, rather, confesses her lack. She would rather go Into tight-fitting things, anyhow, and thus reveal to the world the fact which kept hidden so worries her. It Is probably true that unless all women go into the Empire and loose style, many worm n will refuse to. The last garment shown Is a stylish and novel blouse. It is suitable for afternoon or evening wear, and Is decidedly dressy in appearance. It should be made in some soft, clinging material like bengaline, pongee, liberty silk, erepon, etc. It is shaped to the waist by an Infinite number of pleats. If for afternoon wear, passementerie can be substituted for the lace. The collar and the lower half of the sleeves are pleated to match the corselet. This useful and pretty blouse will be found a charming factor of a email trousseau, and also forms a convenient addition to the one or two dinner dresses taken to wear when on a few days’ visit to friends. Copyright, 1893.

Influence.

How noble should be our action, how fajthful our thought, how restrained and true our speech! When we think of how many characters we shall form a part, how strongly should we build our own! When we think of our immortality in men, how eagerly should w\labot to be worthy of that lmmortantyl Being dead, you will speak—what sort will be your speech? Your works will follow you; ask yourself what kind of works will follow. To die, and know that men, when they think of you, will be gayer, truer, more loving, more pitiful, mdre God’s children—that would make death’s face look kind. To die, and know that when men think of of you no inspiration will arise, but only the memory of gloom, or hatred, or falsehood, or pitilelsness—that makes death terrible. He otherwise. Let you works follow jfou with inspiring power. Speak fr*m the grave to comfort, kindle and redeem.

Re ative Density of Population.

There ere nearly twice ai many persons to the square mile k Europe a« there are in Aaia..

THE JOKERS’ BUDGET.

JESTS AND YARNS BY FUNNY MEN OF THE PRESS. The Dry Side—Very Suspicious—Pretty Near—Her Swear Word, Etc., Etc. THE DRY SIDE. “llow old are yon, Miss Blusox?” piped Georgie, during a lull in the conversation. “W-wliy?” stammered Miss Blusox. “I’m on the sunuy side of 80, Georgie.” “Is that why you look so dried up. Miss Blusox?’’ queried Georgie, interestedly.—[Truth. VERY SUSPICIOUS. Paul Ivnight—lf you don't stop investigating my conduct you may get iuto trouble. Mrs. Knight—llowi Paul Knight—You will be arrested as a suspicious character. —[Puck. PRETTY NEAR. Fogg—My wife is really getting complimentary. Brown—Ah! how’s that? Fogg—Why, she came mighty near speaking of tny raven locks. Brown—How near, for instance? Fogg—Why, she said my head looked like a crow’s nest.—[Boston Transcript.

HER SWEAR WORD. “George!” said Maud. “I am William,” said William, ste»nly. “Oh, I know that. Willie,” returned Maud. “I hurt my Anger, and that was my little swear word.’’—[Harper’s Bazar. A GOOD REASON. Blando (sittiug in his comfortable apartment)—How I pity the poor such a night as this I Bluff—Then why don’t you put on your coat and go out and see if you cannot render assistance to some of them? Blande—Ah! then I sdouldn’t bo so comfortable as I am now, and might forget the poor and begin to pity myself. That would be sottish, you know. —[Boston Transcript. so SWEET. Clarissa—And you say that old Jones told you he loved you? Ethel—He said he doted on mo. Clarissa—Oh, yes, it is plain to be seen he has reached his dotage. NO ONE ELSE HAD ANY BHOW. Brobsou—Who was the greatest showman—Barnum? Craik—Oh, no; Noah. You see, when he got his menagerie together he was the only man on earth who hud any show at all.—[Life. 1 TIME AND MONEY. A couple of bachelors were talking about their forlorn and undouble condition. “Well,-” said one, “I should have married long ago, but I haven’t had time enough to think about it.’’ “ Time?” echoed the other, “Time? Well, if tho adage is true that time is money, then I haven’t had time enough, either,” and they went on their lonely ways dejected and sad.—[Detroit Free Press. WHY THE COOK LEFT. You ask me why I left therfe? It really made mo grieve; But master and missus quarreled so much That at last I had to leave. Their langwidgc it was dreadful, And awfully they looked. You ask me what they quarreled about) ’ Twas the way the moals wap cooked. TYPICAL FIRE ESCAPES. Guest—What precautions have you here in case of fire? Hotel Clerk—We have fire escapes from every floor. All you have to do is to make youiv way to one of them and fall off.—[New York Weekly.

SMART AH HIB PATIENT. Old Doctor—You look quite well today. Did you take the pills I left for you? Young Knowitali (emphaticall)—Not one of ’em. Old Doctor—Well, it doesn't matter. They were made of bread. A GREEN FOREIGNER. First Boy—The paper says that when some train-robbers started to rob the passengers out West, a man jumped up an’ knocked ’em down, an’ kicked ’em out. Second Boy—Guess he must a-bcen some immigrant wot hadn’t been livin’ in a free country long enough to get scared.—[Good News. THE FORTUNE TEI.T.ER OUT. “And she is going to marry an English lord ?” “She is?” “Well, I’ll never believe in a fortune teller again.” “Why not?” “because one told her fortune and said she was going to have a happy future.’’—[New York Press. WHY HE WEPT. Johnny’s mother found him weeping bitterly. Something serious must have happened. “Why, Johnny, my dear, what is the matter?” “800-hoo! Grandpa just fell down on the wc-wet walk and got his olothes all mud.” “But don’t cry, Johnny. lam glad to find you so kind-hearted and sympathetic.” “Ye-ye-yes, and sister saw him, and I —ldidn’t.”—[ Truth. BOUND TO SELT, THEM. Crusty Customer—You say those glasses are three time as valuable as I wear. I can’t see it. Bright Salesman —Certainly not, with those imperfect old glasses.—[Jewellers’ Weekly, I.IKKD OYSTERS. Little Son—Mamma, do you like pearls? Mamma—lndeed, I do. Little Son—Well, you give me some moLey to go to a restaurant an’ get a oyster stew, an’ mebby I’ll find a nice pearl for you. THEY CRY IN TRAGEDY. Friend—Did you ever shed real tears on the stage? Actress—Often. It’s enough to make even an actress cry to be told, right ib the middle of a five-act tragedy, that the manager has skipped with the gate receipts. LOUD. “How does he dress?” “His clothing speaks for itself’. CANDID. “Chappie isn’t afraid to tell the truth about himself.” “Nor “No. The other day he said be had half a mind to take French lessons I New York Press.

better than nothing. Servant—Please, sir, the coal is all out. Mr. here’s u big pile of dunning letters for that last ton. Burn them.—[New York Weekly. * TWO WOULD BE A CROWD. It all happened in one of ocean’s caves, where the star fishes love to linger and sea weeds cling affectionately to the insensible rock. • v An oyster rushed wildly into the humble home his industry and frugality had piovided. He was very much agitated. “Oyster alive,” she gasped, "what has happened?” “My darling,” ha impressively exclaimed, “good-by!” She sank iuto a'seat with a low moan. A terrible fear guawed at her breast. “Are you called to the upper world?” Her voice died on her lip. She read in his face that her worst fears were confirmed. “Merciful heaven!” Burrying her face in her hands sho wept copiously. Hastily gathering together a change of underclothing, the oyster stood at the door and cast about him one last glnnce at the beloved place he would see no more. Suddenly his wife sprang to her feet. “My lifel” sho criod, “1 will go with you 1" Ho shook his head. “No,” he groaned, “I must go nlono. I am wantod for a church sociable.” Dashing a tear from his eye he kissed her cheek and was gone.—[Detroit Tribune. THE LANGUAGE OF PRESENTS. George—What’s wrong? Jack—l can’t make out what Miss Pinkie’s litttlo present to me moans. George—ls it’s useful, it means that sho is interested in your comfort, and would probably say “yes.” If it’s only ornamental, it means that the present is sent merely ns a little token to a friend. Jack—Tlie one she sent mo is both useful and ornamental. It is a handsomely decorated individual saltcellar. George—That menus that sho considers you both useful and ornamental, but a little too fresh. —[New York Weekly.

BEEN AT A GLANCE. Yellowly—l got this suit cheap. It is a misfit. llrownloy (with emphasis)—lt is easy to see that. ALL THE DIFFERENCE IN THE WORLD. Jack —Would you elope with anybody? Rosalie (coyly)—No, not with anybody, but I might with somebody.— [Truth. MERE MATTER OF TIME. Mrs. Biuks—How does it happen that Mrs. Nexdoor can afford to dress better than I can 1 Mr. Binks—They haven’t been married long, and I presume lie isn’t quite broke yet. REAL BLISS. First Little Girl--Oh, I’yo got just the loveliest doll you ever saw, an’ I’m so happy with it I don’t know what to do. Second Little Girl—ls it big? First Little Girl—Big? It’s so big it mos’ breaks my heart to carry it.—[Good News.

POPULAR SCIENCE NOTES.

Electricity in Agriculture.—Electricity has been successfully applied in agricultural operations at tho Polytechnic Institute of Alabama, at which pluoc a motor has been at work siuce last spring threshing oats, wheat, rye and barley, cutting ensilage, grinding corn and ginning and pressing cottou. And this, writes Franklin L. Pone, in the current number of tho Engineering' Magazine, is going on in a State where less than fifty years ago hundreds of miles ol telegraph lines were destroyed by a mob of farmers, because the wires wore supposed to have superinduced a distressing drought which occurred shortly uftei their erection. Verily, the world moves. Silk From Wood Pulp. —A revival of interest is noted in the attempts started some years ago, particularly in France, to manufacture silk from wood pulp, nnd by methods, as proposed by M. Chiml(inner, similar in principle to that employed for converting wood into paper. It is well known that, a few years ago, large works were built at Besadcon, and preparations for manufacturing silk in this way were projected and carried out on a somewhat extensive scale; the result was that, though remarkably satisfactory specimens or si|k made by the process in question were shown, it was found that the fabric so manufactured could not be woven successfully in large pieces, and that it was of so highly inflammable a nature as to be a source of great danger. To overcome these difficulties very thorough experiments have for some time past been under way, and with such results that the company having the industry in charge claim to be able to furnish a substitute for silk possessing all the essential qualities characterizing that article, and which is expeoted to be put upon the market at about one-half the cost of tho genuine article, dress pieces, ribbons, etc., being included inthepiospective goods. Sounds We May Not Hear.—Animals may bear sounds that are inaudible to us. Certainly the sounds that give the keenest pleasure to many animals—cats, for example —are seldom capable of giving pleasure to us. We know, of course, tnat sounds may be too low or too high—that is, the vibrations may be too slow or too rapid—to be audible to the human ear; but it does not follow that they are equally inaudible to differ-ently-tuned cars. The limits of audible souud are not invariable even in the human ear: women can usually hear higher sounds than men, and the two ears are not, os a rule, equally keen. A sound may be quite inaudible to one person and plainly heard by another. Prof. Lloya-Morgan mentions as an instance of this a case in which the piping of some frogs in Africa was so loud to him as almost to drown his friend’s voice, but of which his friend heard absolutely nothing! The same thing may be observed by any one possessing the little instrument known as Gallon’s whistle. The sound made by this whistle can be made more and more shrill, until as last it ceases to be heard at all by most persons. Some Can still hear it; but by raising the sound still higher even they cease to hear. The sound is still being made—that is, the whistle is causit}g the air still to vibrate, but so rapidly that our ears no longer recognize it, though the existence of these inaudible vibrations is detected by a ‘sensitive flame,” as was first shown by Prof. Barrett in 1877. —[Chamber's Journal.

It is computed that all the locomotives in the United Btates would, if ooupled together, make a train 300 miles long. The passenger cars would make another train of about the same length, and if all the cars of every variety in the country were coupled behind the enginea, the result would be a train just about 7,000 mflai long.

SPEED AT SEA.

Far back in the year! 814, Captain John Ericsson, whom we remember ns the first builder of the ironclad “Monitor,’’ applied for a patent on a screw propeller to be used in driving ships through the water. Ten years Inter the secretary of the British Admiralty persuaded that body to make a trial of the new machine in the frigate “Arrogant.” The device was a success. The frigato went faster than others of her size using sails alone; she could move about in the water when there was no wind, and when other ships were motinloss or at anchor, and although her speed, even with the wind, was but litte increased, and the sailors growled at having the ship’s hold filled up with “ tea-kettles and b’ilers,'' they had to admit that she was safer in a gale, and could go better than before. Popular feeling was against the propeller, however, and it was not until 1852 that it was placed in the larger ships of war. All the great inventions have to fight their way, and this was no exception. It gradually came into use among merchant ships, and when the naval authorities saw its advantages most of the opposition ceased, and they decided to try it in the greatest ship they had. The “Windsor Castle" had just been completed at the Royal Dockyard, Pembroke. She was 255 feet long, (10 feet wide, nnd had three tiers of portholes—room for her guns. Bhe was the result of years of labor, and was then the greatest warship in the world. It seemed a pity to desecrate this noble craft by loads of coal, tous of oily machinery, hot boilers, nnd a company of “greasy engineers,” but it would never do to have England’s greatest war-ship lacking in anything that could give her greater speed nnd strength. Therefore it was decided to cut tho vessel in two, arid lengthen her so ns to accommodate the machinery. She was sawed directly through amidships, the stem was pushed back twenty-three feet, and the gap built up solid with tho rest of tho ship. W'heii she was launched the machinery was put in. Complete she was 278 feet long, and carried twenty more guns. In making a report of this great ship to tho French navy, Lieutenant Lnbrousse urged the French also to adopt the propeller, nnd wrote that “tho use of the screw as a means of propulsion is far from diminishing a ship’s sailing qualities. It is, on the contrary, cnpable of adding to the certainties of navigation.”

In 1859 we find the "Great Eastern” using tho propeller, but only as an uid to her paddle-wheels. In fact, for many years thereafter, all the ocean steamers used paddles only. The war ships alone continued to experiment with the propellers. Now, however, everything has changed in favor of tho screw, nnd, except somo light river bout drawing little water, all steamers are run by propellers. Boats wero soon built with propellers under the keel, then others used two, one on either side of the keel, nnd now three are being successfully operated. Then ciune tho days of “forced draft,” when the fire-rooms wero closed un tight, nnd air was pumped in to go roaring up through the chimneys after funning tho fires into greater heat. The engines worked faster, and the ships speed was increased, but tho increase soon reached a limit, for tho boiler-room became so hot that the poor firemen could not stay at their posts for more than fifteen minutes at a time. One hundred und sixty-five degrees w:is the awful heat they had to work in recently on the fast United States ship “Concord.” The men fainted in front of the furnaces, and others were hard to hire. What was to be done? The limit of speed for ships seemed to be reached, while more speed was wanted. Commander GeorgoW. Melville, of the United States Navy, has solved the puzzle by designing a ship with smokestacks one hundred feet high. These have tho snmo effect as tho tall factory chimneys on land. The firemen do not find this natural draft so oppressive, nnd these snoke-staeks give a steam power that sends the great ship, with spinning screws, at tho rate of twenty-six milesan hour. And, even at this railway speed, sho will use so little coal that she can run 24,000' miles, or almost aroundl tho world, without renewing her supply. —[St. Nicholas.

A Famous Locomotive.

It is remarkable that one of the fastest, if riot the fastest, engines now" running wus built forty-five years ago. She was designed when the great competition between the vanished broad gauge nnd the narrow gauge was at its height. The Great VVestern on the broad gauge had beaten all records by apon several occasions obtuiuiug a maximum speed of seventy-eight miles un hour, and it was necessary to heat her on the narrow gauge. The result was the building by F. Trevithick, Superintendent of the Northern Division of the London and Northwestern Railroad, of the Cornwall. Her driving wheel was made six inches larger than that of the Great Western, which wns eight feet in diameter. Mr. Trevithick, in order to obtain a large driving wheel and a low centre of gravity, adopted the peculiar plan of placing the boiler under the driving axle. The driving wheel of eight feet six inches was the largest size which had then or lias since been tried upon the ordinary four feet eight aud one-third inch gauge, the cylinder being seventeen and a half inches diameter aud twenty-four inches stroke. The engine appears to have fully answered the expectations of her designer, for upon the trial trip a speed - of fully seventy-nine miles an hour was attained under favorable circumstances, thus beating the Great Western by one mile an hour. She wus shown at the exhibition of 1851, but the position of her boiler was not approved, and in 186:1 a new boiler was put in her above the axle. • It is interesting to know that tho engine is still working the forty-five minute expresses between Manchester and Liverpool, one of the fastest services in the kingdom, and it is stated that still, after her forty-five years’ service, with a load equal to her power, she is capable of running at the highest possible speed yet attained.—[London Graphic.

The Value of Eggs.

At a convention recently held in the city of Chicago by dealers in butter, chepse, and eggs, statistics were produced showing the value of the egg product of the United States last year amounted to $300,000,000; of poultry, $100,000,000, making a grand total of $300,000,000 to the credit of the hen*. Where is the person that will ridicule this industry and say it is a trilling business? Facts usually prove who are the ignorant sad unreasonable people living living about us.—[American Farmer.