Democratic Sentinel, Volume 16, Number 52, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 13 January 1893 — Page 5

HOW DEMOCRACY WON.

MANNER OP CONDUCTING THE LATE CAMPAIGN. •The Western Branch of the Democratic National Committee and How It Did Its Work—A Recital from Which Politicians May Gather Hints. A Campaign of Education. Chicago correspondence: 'When a great "political victory has been gained immediately the victors seek some individuals pon whom to lavish their praise for the result. Thus, when the late .political revolution left only scattered relics «of a ogee formidable —and a once honored—party, there were those who believed the event due to the strategy of single minds who had organized victory for the people. But as the glow of enthusiasm settles into the calmer study of the campaign, its results and possibilities, thoughtful minds look deeper and discover that praise is due rather for the organization . of the ipeople for victory than for the organizing of victory for the people. The political revolution in Illinois is worthy of study by dll who would take part in American politics. A generation had passed away since the people of Illinois had -elected a Democratic -governor. Illinois Democrats had so long been accustomed to nominate candidates for State officers only to meet defeat that they had come to look upon the quadrennial struggle as one of the efforts' to be-made to preserve their organization! Other Western States had, in off years, rebuked the dominant party by electing Democrats tp office, but the heat of a Presidential election had always fused the old elements and given the electoral vote to the party of monopoly. Into the campaign of 1892 the Democrats brought a ’new factor. They appreciated the impossibility of conducting the contest in the west from a headquarters on the Atlantic coast. To aid the State organizations of the west a branch of ’the National Democratic Committee was established in Chicago. The work of that branch was to co-op-erate with the local committees and bring to the polls the largest 'possible Democratic army. Let those who have believed that the result in Illinois was due alone to the work -of one man -or one committee during the short campaign of nine weeks note the progress of the contest as it developed at the western headquarters. Let fl|.ose Who have despaired of American institutions because of the power lodged with (a federal administration note how easily the people triumphed when-a fair issue

BEN. T. CABLE.

had been presented and % campaign marked out in which they were to be trusted. But let no one imagine that the purpose of this record is to detract one iota from the praise lavished upon the active head of the western committee. It is to belittle his w®rk to say that he carried Illinois. It is ihis'due to record the fact that he helped show the people of Illinois how to overthrow 'the ■ entrenched Republican party. The name of Ben T. Cable has been upon many tongues. Those best appreciate his services to the nation who understand the nature of the campaign he marked out and carried to .a -successful conclusion. Head of the Committee. Ben T, Cable is still a new hand in the Democratic army. Not yet forty , years of age, he has achieved what is called political succes, rather through his keen insight into popular thought than by the arts of the merely practical politician. He entered Congress as the successful candidate from a Republican stronghold after a campaign In which there had been a signal lackiof bombast ana red fire. Studying the result of his effort in a Congressional district, he believed it could be extended over the State and into other States. He believed the people were tired of excessive taxation, and that, on the issue presented by the Chicago convention, they would rally to the support of'the Democratic party. He appreciated the nature of the contest and the necessity of utilizing every possible factor for its accomplishment. There remained but two months for work when his. committee had organized and chosen their headquarters. So far as the.contest in Illinois was concerned, he had the advantage of work already done by the State committee through its secretary, Theodore Nelson, who had been continuously at work since the close of the campaign of 1890. Placing

W. J. MIZE.

school districts, Mr. Cable determined to extend this inlo every precinct in the State. Nearly half a million voters were to be r ache 1. The task was herculean, and a veritable Hercules of organization was chosen in the person of the secretary of the committee, Mr. 'W. J. Mize, formerly for many years secretary of the Illinois State Democratic Committee. Mr Mize demonstrated as the campaign progressed his .full sympathy with the plan of work marked out. He is not given to fuss or •feathers. He cares little for the old-fash-ioned methods of campaigning. Taking the lists of county chairmen furnished by the secretary of the State Committee,his :flrst work was to send to each a personal letter asking for the names of the local committeemen, and assuring each that the committee had determined to make a vigorous effort to carry the State. The responses can.e with encouraging promptness, and those who lagged were reminded by urgent appeals for haste. Then other letters were drafted and sent to the school district and product committeemen calling for active canvass of their localities. Soon a communication was sent to the school district and precinct committeemen asking for the names of Democrat! of the various professions and industries - Then vtfaere (lowed to the Secretary's desk piled of latter# opening a pewfleld lor cprnsepon'daace. The old workers

were urged to give their time to the cause. New recruits were advised to consult at once with the chairmen of their local committee and place themselves at their disposal for actual campaigning. Men who had been prominent as speakers were asked to correspond with the headquarters for assignment. Those of less note were urged to devoto themselves to work in school-house meetings. This active correspondence was continued until the last days of the campaign. The responses were /Such as to impress upon the committee the propriety of conveying to the workers throughout the State the gratifying intelligence coming to headquarters tpo late for further use of the malls. Therefore, on Monday, the day before election, over fifteen hundred telegrams were sent to correspondents in the State. The event justified the course, as from all directions have come assurances that the workers were thus inspired to renewed efforts. The above outlines the work of organization. From it resulted enormous demands for campaign literature. This demand came from men who showed their intelligence and zeal by explaining just what they needed in their localities. Some asked for arguments to demonstrate to farmers the methods by which they had been robbed under Elea of protection. Others wished to ave further proof for workingmen in factories that the enhancement of the cost of the material upon which their labor was expended must necessarily decrease the possible return to labor and capital employed in production. The Literary Bureau. At the head of the literary bureau Mr. Cable placed a volunteer who brought with him a degree of earnestness and enthusiasm which proved contagious in all departments. Nat S,

Brigham, of Utah, accepted the responsible position, and filled it to the ful 1e s t possibility. With a corps of able assistants, he planned the work, main-' tained a full supply of the, documents most needed, reprinted from the newspap e r s

such short and pithy arguments as be -deemed most useful in the campaign, and to the last day of the contest 'made the document-room look like a section of a metropolitan postofflee. And there was still another department over which Mr. Cable had the good fortune to place one perfectly fitted to the arduous task. It Was known that large numbers of Democrats and of persons inclined to support the principles of the party were still "Unnaturalized. They had come to look 'Upon a political contest in Illinois as hopeless and neglected taking out their final papers. To reach th se persons, even in Cook county alone, involved unceas-ing-effort, and could only be well performed by one as faithful, honest and reliable as he was intelligent and untiring. For this most important position Mr. Cable selected a Democrat tiied in other positions and never found wanting. Mr. Reuben E. Spaiigler had come to Chicago from McDonough County, and here had taken up the work for his party with the enthusiasm which had characterized his efforts in a less populous community. It was his duty to note the work of the local committeemen and to see that ways a#id means were provided for bringing out every voter'to bo naturalized and registered. Figures That Were Verified. Though a comparatively young man and a new-comer to Chicago, Mr.

that only the count of the votes could furnish reliable information as to which party had the advantage on the face of the registration. But there was never a doubt in Mr. Spangler’s mind. Though accused of being a “rainbow-chaser” he was convinced that ho had figures to prove his assertion that the Democrats would have over 20,0ut) majority in Cook County. And on election night, as the returns began to come tin from the city precincts, “Spangler’s figures” were verified. He had been only too conservative in his estimate of the always large doubtful vote. There were sights worth seeing during the closing weeks and days of the campaign. In the Secretary’s room thirty typewriters rattled continuously under the deft fingers of yowng women who seemed to thus compensate for their lack of power at the ballot-box. They were addressing the circular letters to tens of thousands of Democrats in the State. Piles of the letters were 'Constantly being brought to their desks and other piles removed for stamping and mailing. In this recital men of all parties may gather some h:nts as to what will be the best methods of conducting future campaigns. Here is marked the decadence of “flambeaux clubs” ; and brassbhnd politics. The country .is now interested in the solution of economic questions. letit be recorded that, by his early recognition of this ifact and his courage in acting upon kfe convieition, Ben Cable has earned a large

himself in close touch with that committee, he selected ih i s personal staff from .a mo: n g Democrats who had proved.their capacity tor the duties t o ib e performed. Having a strong nucLueus ~~ for a perfect r organization in the v a r ioiu -e county committees and their appointees i m townships and

shore of the gratitude bestowed by sensible folk long since disgusted with Chinese methods In American politics. Homeb says the Greek how was used t>y placing'pfce end on the ground, to feeure steadiness ts aim.

N. H. BRIGHAM.

R. E. SPANGLER.

HOW TAE wonK WAS DONE.

WHAT LOW TARIFF DID

GAVE THE COUNTRY UNRIVALLED PROSPERITY. Great Revenues Produced by the Low Ad Valorem Tariffii of 1846 and 1857—Why Farmers Are Dissatisfied—Thj» Potato Tax—Wages in Germany. s Specific and Ad Valorem Duties. Apparently, indirect taxation is fastened to this country for some time to come. An income tax may be levied by our next Congress to enable us to meet our enormous expenditures without increasing any duties, but the bulk of our revenue will continue to come from duties on imports. It is therefore well to consider whether our next tariff bill should be based upon specific or ad valorem duties. In most of our high and protective tariff hills specific duties have predominated. This is particularly true of the McKinley bill. In the proposed Mills bill, and in most low and non-protective tariff bills, ad valorem duties were the rule. In the Walker bill, in force from 1846 to 1857, and in the so-called “free-trade hill” in force from 1857 to 1861, all duties were ad valorem.

Protectionists and makers of hightariff bills naturally turn to specific duties as an easy way of increasing duties on the sly. Thus nearly all of the numerous “jobs” in the McKinley bill were perpetrated by means of specific duties. Nobody except a few interested persons supposed that when the ad valorem duty of 25 per cent, on pearl buttons was increased by a specific duty of 2$ cents per the increase, would amount to much; yet the increase amounted to from 200 to 2,000 per cent., making the actual duty in some cases as high as 400 per cent. In this same tricky way duties on cutlery, gloves, music wire, goat hair and many other articles were greatly increased.

But protectionists also favor specific duties, because they are certain means of preventing the natural decline of prices and of giving increased protection. Thus a duty of 5 cents per yard on unbleached cotton cloth gave a protection of 50 per cent, when this cloth was selling at 10 cents in 1864. Because of improved machinery, this cloth, in 1890, could be sold for 4J cents, and the protection had increased to over 100 per cent. This same process has been going on with sugar, steel rails, structural steel, and in fact with most dutiable articles in the McKinley bill. “The title of the bill should be so changed” (said the Hon. John A. Kasson, in 1866, of a tariff hill), “as to read, ‘A hill to prevent the diffused blessings of Providence from being enjoyed by the people of the United States.’ ” If he had said, “A bill to prevent the diffused blessings of Providence and of improved methods of manufacture from reaching the people and to turn all over to combines, corporations and trusts” he would have accurately described the McEi'nley bill, with its specific duties to prevent consumers from getting much benefit from falling prices abroad, and at the same time giving increased protection to our hundreds of trusts to prevent the natural decline from home consumption.

For these very reasons, makers of the next tariff bill should avoid speciftc duties. There are other serious objections. Specific duties always discriminate against the poor, who 1 ane compelled to use the dheap articles, and in favor of the rich, who l purchase expensive articles. Thus a duty of 44 cents per pound and 50 per cent, ad valorem on West of E»giland broadcloth, that sells for $8.60 per yard, gives a protection of oniy S 3 per cent. The same rate >of duty an diagonal cheviot that soils for 76 aents per yard, yields a protection of 140 per cent. It is safe to say that for every dollar spent by the millionaire or by the day laborer the latter pays five times as much tariff taxes as the former.

. Spangler impressed himself upon the campaign and made an enviable record in his department There were those who belie ve d the enormous registration in Cook County be"tokened ltepublican gains. There were others who asserted

Ad valorem duties are «pem to none »f the above objections. If levied equally on cheap aud oostly geode, ■they tax the rich and the poor ait.the -same rate —though, of ■course, the poor must spend a larger psepertion »f their earnings for tariff-taxed (goods than the rich. Ad valorem .duties permit consumers to get the toll benefit of declining prices and they will not subserve the purpose of ithose who wish to put up tariff “j«bs” on fche people. The one grave objection to ad valorem duties is that they lead to undervaluation, especially when the duties are high or when thetgoods are extremely valuable. Thus the duty of about 70 percent, on.most kind of gloves is a strong temptation to importers to undervalue their goods. It is said by good authorities that the undervaluations in this line will average 15 or 20 per cent. The dishonest glove importer then has an advantage of about 10 per cent 'over the honest one in our markets. The temptation to undervaluation decreases rapidly as duties decline, and on most goods practically disappears when duties do not exceed 20 per cent., because an undervaluation of 10 percent then give an advantage of only 2 per cent in our markets—not enough to compensate importers for the risk of being caught. As a means of obtaining revenue, ad valorem duties are as effective as specific. With duties of from sto 30 per cent—except on tobacco and liquors—in the Walker tariff of 1846, the amount of duties collected increased from $28,000,000, in 1847, to $63,000,000 id 1857. The revenues then exceeded the expenditures so much that the rates were lowered about 25 per cent The great increase in revenue from 1847 to 1857, under this comparatively low tariff, came from increased imports due to great prosperity. Imports rose from $116,000,000 to $333,000,000; exports from $150,000,000 to $279,000,000; the price of wheat rose from an average of. $1.02 from 1845 to 184' , to $1.51 J from 1843 to 1856 —a price never equalled before or slnee; prices of corn, cotton, butter, wool and other farm products also increased about 33 percent; farm values Increased about 50 per cent. The “free trade” tariff act of 1857 showed the same general effects. These are some of the aeeompanimints of the low tariffs of 1846 and lBi"!. We hope oor new tariff-mak-

ers will not neglect to study these lessons of history. Let them not forget that the only time the tariff question was ever settled to the satisfaction of all parties, so that neither party mentioned a tariff, was during our “Free Trade” ad valorem tariff period. If an impending war had not necessitated the raising of a great revenue, neither party would have dared to advocate higher duties. The farmers and the hard-working people can stand more of such “Free Trade" tariffs.—Byron W. Holt.

Why Farmers Are Dissatisfied.

Editor Nevr York World: As you call for opinions in the World, I will write a few lines. First, an extra session of Congress is demanded by the vote recorded last November. The Democratic party should take no step backward. To replace the duty on sugar is a step backward. Sugar stands third in value of the food products consumed by the laboring people. They consume more in the average family than the wealthy, and consequently pay more of the tax. Far better remove all the duty; then the best sugar would he used without refining. The proposed plan to tax incomes is perhaps the best and most just that has been proposed. As to farmers and mechanics not favoring it, not one in ten thousand of them has an income of $5,000 after paying work-* ing expenses. Farming lands have been decreasing in value for the past twenty years. The best hop-growing lands in this county (Otsego) will not sell for more than one-half what they were worth from 1855 to 1860. The situation is the same through all the Eastern States. Furthermore, we should give away no more public lands. Make price of fl to $5 per per acre, which would produce in income and make the immigrant pay something for the privilege of a home in this land of liberty. Restrict immigration. Competition is too great in agriculture. I hare mentioned Otsego County because I own land* there on which I have worked and lived over fifty years, and I know whereof I write. 1 would probably be at work on It now were 1 able to work from twelve to eighteen hours a day, as most of the farmers now have to do who make farming a success. I cannot see how a farmer can he a Republican. All tariff taxes and business laws favor the manufacturer and dealer.—G. O. S.

The Potato Tax.

The potato crop of the country is much below the average this year, and the price of this important article of food is likely to be so high as to put it beyond the reach of multitudes of consumers. Statisticians, who are familiar with the market, have estimated that the home supply of potatoes will have been exhausted long before the time for the planting of the new crop. In this emergency it would be necessary to Import large quantities of potatoes, and to pay upon them a McKinley tax of 25 cents on every bushel. This tax could be of no benefit to the American farmers in any circumstances. When the potato crop has been abundant there has been a large quantity for export, and the tariff could have affected the price taut little if at all. WJaen there has been a failure the domestic crop has been consumed and sold at home before the foreign supply could come in; and a large portion'of the farmers have been obliged to buy the highly taxed potatoes, not 'merely for food, but to plant for next year’s crop. In short, when the fanners have had an abundance of potatoes to sell none have been imported; and when potatoes have been imported the farmers have had none to sell. If a bill sbouid be introduced in the House some Monday morning to repeal the burdensome tax on potatoes, under a suspension of the rules, it would doubtless he passed by a large majority; and the Senate would hardly fail to oencur.—Philadelphia Record.

Wages in Germany.

The report of United States Consul Warner, at Cologne, Germany, recently received at the Department of State, contains some interesting statistics on the wages paid in various trades in that country last year. The telegraphed summary says: “The statistics collected embrace replies from 906-cities and 924 unions. The figures show that the wages have increased dn only seven cities, in 229 they have declined, and in 670 they have remained stationary, while food products have been dearer. Only 211 cities of the whole number visited showed full employment, while in thirty places almost complete stoppage of work existed. In Germany the head of the household alone cannot earn sufficient to support' his family.” This is the condition of affairs in a European country having a high protective tariff, copied from that of the United States by the great Bismarck, who thougt to reproduce in that old, thickly populated, army ridden, monarchical country the prosperity enjoyed in this newer and freer land, with Its boundless opportunities and wonderful natural resources. When Protectionists talked of “pauper wages” and hard conditions of life abroad, during the late canvass, they fought shy of protected Germany and quoted free-trade England, where the wages are higher than anywhere else in Europe.—New York World.

The Income Tax.

The income-tax plan seems also to eommend itself. It is the opinion of the leading men that a bill to impose a progressively increasing tax on incomes above SIO,OOO would be passed by an overwhelming majority If presented in the House. How much revenue it would yield is problematical. That would depend somewhat upon the extent to which consciences have become more alert since the war-time income tax was abolished. That sometimes produced revenue and sometimes perjury. But that was in a time of general demoralization. and it is believed that a properly drawn income-tax law would yield an important revenue without unduly tempting to fraud and perjury. Bush a tax eommends itself as Ideally, fair and reasonable. It places th« heaviest hardens where they are most easily borne. It taxes superfluity instead of want, wesith ratfcbf than poverty, accumulation rather than industrial endeavor,—New York World.

FOR STYLISH WOMEN.

SOME OF FASHION’S LATEST DECREES. Handsome Cloaks and Mantles Brought Out by the Recent Cold Spell—Gowns Sketched by the Correspondent at a Fashionable Reception. What Women Are Wearing. New York correspondence:

back and front The lining doses In the middle with hooks and eyos, the plastron is sewn on on one side and fastened on the shoulder and under the other armhole with hooks. This plastron is made of material cut on the straight, is gathered in slightly at tho neck, and falls in small gathers, and is provided with a band of material to prevent it from stretching. The hooks should either be sewn fast to a strip of silk or to the lining itself. In the letter case, the Upper material must not be sown in with the lining. The back part of tho prlnoess rotxf must bo so bias at the middle scam that tho skirt falls Into a ball shape. Some extra material may be also added to make more ample folds. Instead of breast darts, protection seams are use! underneath tho bodice so as not to be vlslb'e on tho outside. These seams must be sewn into small gores and thoroughly Ironed flat. The front breadths are fastened

THE HOSTESS.

with hooks and eyes, and the plastron is also secured to the rest of the costume in the same manner. The costume has a bertha In the shape of a flounce, which is formed Into epaulets on the shoulders, and is trimmed with passementerie and fur, like the length of the front. The fur should be either black or very dark In tone, Persian lamb or skunk preferable. The skirt should be lined with satin or silk, or even with flannel, If preferred, as It is to be worn without any outer garment. From about half a yard beneath the waist It should be sewn together. The sleeves are out out of one material, and have as usual two seams. They are lined and slightly drawn in so as to form a puff. This puff must be draped on tho lining and sewn In under the cuffs in such a manner as to give the impression that the whole sleeve is made in one. They are then trimmed with fur and passementerie, In the manner indicated.

Warm as Is the garment Just described, It would'be cold hearted and shivery to give a whole letter up to such delineation. So I turn to some gowns sketched at a reception. And where do you think the reception was? On the stage, in a play. Do you suppose ordinary women at the conventional reception would ever look so lovely, and wear their gowns the way these folks do, whether the gowns were as lovely or not? The woman shown in the first picture is the hostess, and she is eaught just as she went forward to greet her first guest, who is represented in the second illustration. See the pretty way that the hostess’ head tips back as she eays, “Why, my dear!" The hostess was a blonde, and her gown was a French rainbow silk of changeable roses and apple green to start with, and the u e

FIRST GUEST

shades striped with hair lines of rose, and with other stripes of solid rose spr.nkled with roses and leaves and shining with a golden lnster. The corselet bodice and the sleeves were apple green. The upper part of the bodice crossed peasant fashion and was of the rainbow stuff. The sleeves were split to show the arm 9. Black velvet made the throat more slender, and velvet atout the waist did the same for that. The skirt ancrsleeves were edged with black feather trimming, and the fan with which she made her little Delsarte gestures was black. She was in such a pretty hurry to greet her guests that she had to lift her gown to avoid tripping, and that showed a petticoat of rose silk. Meanwhile, the guest came In, and she was a vision. She had on for a wrap a wonderful thing they call a capuchon.in Paris, of white velvet, with a flaring Henry 11. collar held In at the lower edge by a band of sable, and she bel4 thelong ends of the capuchon In her, hands to, simulate embarrassment The sable ran all down these long ends, too. Her dress was shot silk, all gray

and silver, the belt was silvery, the sleeves were very big, and all the little wrap was made so as not to interfere or hide them at all. The white and the sable and the gray and silver made her dark beauty seem the only beauty that was real, except l hat the rose and apple green blonde was right there to say no. See how the first guest has her' head tipped down. In the play the two women were not really very good friends, and the guest was getting ready to say something smart and cutting. You can see it as plain as day by the way she looks, and that is the result of Delsarte methods, or whatever you want to call it, that makes women on the stage do something. Instead of being so awfully passive. Another lady came in later. She was just as smarc as the first guest, and I took her just as she was saying something elegant and cutting to her. Didn’t she just en’oy It, though, with her head tipped back and to one side, that little Innocent smile, he»* hand just touohing the chair, and her pretty eeir poised forward with her shoulders back, so that her dress would show all the better, and her other elbow out so her astrakhan cape would stick cut effectively and make the other woman hate her oapuchon! See how she accomplishes two things by putting her hand at her hip:

UCH a spell of i cold weather a s (that which we ex'perieneed during tho holidays makes talk of cloaks and wraps especially timely. The initial illustration shows a prinoess-s h a p ed mantle oostume of a material whloh has small diagonal threads running through a grnylshgreen cloth. The passement erie tiimming is of round silk cord, with little knots, triangular in shape, in tho middle, and whioh form a sort of open trellis work. This robe has an under lining, reaching to the feet, on which is sewn tho plastron,which is alike

she takes a chance to pull up her skirt a little bit, just enough so show [he hostess her skirt, which is tlio very latest filmy laoe over white lawn, and the hostoss wishes she had died before she ever put on that old rosc-coloVed thing of hers. Much of this ts shown In the third picture, but It is needful to say that this guest’s gown is emerald green. She is a blonde, too, and the hostoss needn't think apple green Is tho only green that will make a blonde look lovely. The bodice Is shirred very full at the neck, and then drawn In tight at the waist with a belt of black velvet all covered with green jot nail heads and pendants. Around tho bottom of tho skirt are two rows of astrakhnn, and the cape is of tho softest astrakhan In the world, and the two rulites that make it aro as full as If they were of cloth. Tho other guest hates her sable, And Is afraid she is so far ahead In the fashions that no ono will know that Bable is really the thing and that astrakhan is not. Another guest, she of the fourth picture, came still later, and I have her as she was In an awful rage. This reception was a big scene in the play, and wasn’t Intended merely to show the dresses. This last actress, you see, Is dressed to work, and t show her In tho exciting partof the soetiu where she Is ■declaiming. She hasn’t any wrap on to interfere with herdeing a rago act. Her igown, too, is quite plnta, and It clears the floor and sets <wwt in the back so that 4t seems a part of her being mad when «he does become angry. Any one can see she ts laying *down tho law by that left hand of hers, and that she is thoroughly (n earwest about it by the clenched right iiund. Again, that is

A writer in the Medical and Cbirurgical Journal, England, states thuthe has for several years bicn in thc.habit of having his patients well sponged over the surface of their bodies, commencing, as a rule, about a week after the appearance of the eruption, and continulpg the process until desquamation is complete, with a mixtureof an ounce of oatmeal to a pint of boiling water; the solution for this purpose being made every day, and used tepid, or at such a temperature as may be comfortably borne by the back of a finger. His reason for using this particular combination is that the gluten In it sticks the scales to each other and to the surface of the body, thus allowing of their being removed from one sponging to another, without the ordinary risk of infecting either atmosphere or clothes, and thus greatly lessening the risk of spreading the disease; in addition to this advantage, the gluten fills up the cracks of the new skin and protects it from cold, as patch after patch becomes bare, and it thus, to say the least, greatly lessens the risk of the dropsy which so often follows upon this disease. Brocades of silk, enriched with gold and silver, made In China, B. C. 17x1.

SECOND GUEST.

THIRD GUEST.

Delsarte. Her gown Is a soft lan. Bhe is a brown blende, and she knows that green Is all tike rage, and that the real blondes needn't think they have tho best of her a bit. Tho velvet bodice belt she wears Is chartreuse green. The buttons of her bodice are pearl. Her tiny hat is all perky with blaok wings. The hats of the first two visitors are too pretty U> miss. Number two wore a sort of twist of astrakhan with rosettes of emerald greeu all around it, and a tiny bunch of royal purple violets in each rosette. In Iront a little bunch of the violets stood up straight. Green and violet, it seems, are all right if they come ftom Paris. Number one woro a sort of butterfly, made of four wings of white la e all powdered with silver and sprinkled with little single violets. You may copy the dresses if you will, hats and all; they are from the newest models. Copyright. I*l3.

Oatmeal in Scarlet Fever.

ELEPHANTS.

Borne of the Singular Friendships Which They Contract. Elephants are queer and interesting creatures, both in captivity and their native wilds. Tip, the ugly Forepaugb elephant in Central Park, New York, who has the discredit of having killed several of his keepers, is extremely and tenderly fond of little dogs, and with equal fervor he hates birds. Tip’s keeper has a small fox terrier, which is to be found almost any day playing about the feet and trunk of the cruel mammoth as he stands chained short to the sunken post in the yard back of the elephant hodse. The dog is one of tho least of his kind ns Tip is one of the largest of his. The terrier has usually a season of running rapidly around aud around his notorious friend, who watches him with something like a twinkle in his bloodshot eyes. Suddenly the great flexible trunk shoots out and the dog will trip over it, and then goes rolling hbad over heels on the ground, whereupon Tip blows a lot of dust over his own back — probably his way of laughing at the joke, lie never hurts the dog, who generally proceeds to “get even” in his own way. He sneaks up quietly from behind, and when directly between Tip's l'oro feet suddenly gives vent to a succession of shrill barks. Of course elephants have nerves, and Tip gives a start backward, just as anybody would, at which the little scamp leaps to one side, out of reach, and barks tit to kill himself—his way of laughing. Tip Ims an ungovernable desire to crush the life out of every English sparrow in the park. Sometimes a whole flock surround him to pick up the seeds he scatters from iris pile of lmy. Whenever they get. conveniently close he suddenly swings his trunk union" them, blowing with all his might at the same time. stamping with one of his ponderous feet. English sparrows are quick of wing, and they generally get safely out of reach, but occasionally the great trunk strikes cue and knocks the life out. Then, with every appeamneo of gratified rage, tho elephant picks the soft little feathered body up in his trunk and hurls it over his back and out of the enclosure, gjying great horrid grunts of satisfaction, ... Wild elephants sometimes make devoted friends of other animals. A party of hunters in 'Central Africa once wounded a large bull elephant, which traveled scores of miles into the jungle, after receiving the heavy bullet into his shoulder. The chase was abandoned for the time. A fortnight later the hunters came upon the same beast. lie was lying on ids uninjured side near a stream in a dense forest. A buffaki cow was standing over the fallen monarch, gently licking tho blood from the wound. Frequently she would leave him and go to the stream, and by pawing at its edge toss a lot of water upon the rank grass within reach of tho elephant’s trunk. _ It was probably in this way that refreshing moisture had been conveyed to the fevered and sulleriug giant, keeping him ulive. The hunters were divided as to whether the elephant should be put out of his misery. It was flnuilv decided to give him a chance for his life under the nursing of tho cow. Several weeks later, when tho P Br VN were making their way back toward the coast, they came across a lame elephuut attended by a buffalo cow. The pair were not molested. —[St. Louis Republic.

Chinese “Fake” Josses.

United States Consul Bedloe refers to> “josses” ns follows: Amoy and Canton are places which supply travelers and curio dealers with hideous idols, called “josses.” They are manufactured,wholesale and retail, “moderns” and “antiques,” orthodox or to order, as may lie desired. lam sorry to be obliged to state that tnuoh of tho joss business is a fraud, pious and otherwise. The regulation joss is either a very fat and placid gentleman, with a large genius for 1011-' mg, or a dignified, virtuous feraalo with a superfluous number of arms and hands. But these styles did not suit merchants who desired to astonish their folks at home. So, to pleaso their customers, the Mongolian joss-maker, with a keen eye for the main chance, turns out an assorted lot of clay hobgoblins warranted to freeze the blood of a small boy or produce hysterics in a nervous ana dyspeptic girl. In this category come the man with the tiger face nnd ferocious fangs, the so-called “God of Hunger,” who is only an every-day, half-starved opium smoker, and the “Snake God,” whoprobably is a phase of delirium tremens. None of these belong to Chinese art. They are simply “fakes” made for the markets of Christendom. Joss making is very simple. Tho manufacturer’s chief stock in trade consists of wooden or mctul molds. In these the wet clay is put into shape and allowed to dry. It is then touched up, dipped in molten glaze aud allowed to cool. The average workman can turn out a hundred a day. The clay is kaolin, running from red and gray to snow white, and costs about one cent per pound. The glaze is melted in a small charcoal furnace similar to the old-fashioned soldering furnaces of retired plumbers. The wages of a good artist vary from twenty to forty cents per day. The cost of a fair sized image is about three cents. He sells it for five cents to a native and for as ns $) to the credulous European or American tourist. —[Washington Star.

The Zither.

The zither originated in the AlpiDe provinces of southern Germany and Austria about fifty yeurs ago. There were about that time in the Tyrolese and Styrian mountains, among other varieties of musical instruments, two kinds of cymbals, specimens of which are to be seen in the Germanic Museum at Nuremberg. One of them, the zitha, consisted of a tone-body with a finger-board, provided with frets, on which the player took the melody tones with the lelt hand, whilst the right hand, by means of a plectrum (small stick of ivory, metal or horn) sounded the strings. It was strung with five groups of metal strings, each of three strings (three-chordea), tuned to one pitch, like the treble notes of a piano. As an accompaniment to the zitha, another instrument, more appropriately called cymbal, was in use. It was strung with twenty-five steel strings, which were played with hammers, and used as an accompaniment not only to the abovementioned zitha, but also to the voice, violins and other instruments. These two instruments, although in a rude, primitive form, are the parts which we find greatly modified and refined, united in the modern zither.—[Boston Transcript. Trimmings for costumes for the street and the country are used sparingly, yet the latter have a very dressy appearance, aa all the details »»? most carefully studied.