Democratic Sentinel, Volume 16, Number 45, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 25 November 1892 — HOME AND THE FARM. [ARTICLE+ILLUSTRATION]

HOME AND THE FARM.

A DEPARTMENT MADE UP FOR OUR RURAL FRIENDS. • The Care of Growing Pigs— Good Fruit Evaporator —An Overstocked Market— Mistakes of DJairymen— Poultry Profits— Caring for Colts—General Farm Notes. A Serviceable Fruit Drier. Where there is a surplus of fruit, which the grower .cannot sell in a green state, or work up into jam, preserves or dry it, it will be more or less a loss to the grower. Farnp. and Home cannot too strongly impress upon fruit growers the necess ; ty of trying to preserve some of thh surplus for future use by drying. By curing it in this way it will keep good for a long time. The illustration is a very simpledevice for this purpose, and is much used in some sections. It consists of a water-tight tin vessel, er rather pan 2| feet wide and from 4 to 5 feet long and 3 inches deep. The usual method o' using is to place one end of the pan on the stove, the outer end beingsupported by the light bench, as shown in the engraving. At or near one

corner of the top is soldered a small funnel, through which water is poured into the pan which is partly filled. A cork is then placed in the funnel, leaving a small hole for the escape of steam, should too much be formed. The fruit is spread evenly over the upper surface of the pan, the juice being evaporated from sliced apples in two or three hours’ time even with a moderate fire. This arrangement can be and is often used, and the cooking and baking progressing at the same time, as indicated in the accompanying sketch. Those who do not have a large stove often build a simple arch out of doors, upon which the pan is set. Look After the Colts. Colts are the most valuab’e live stock on the farm, and while it does not paj’ to neglect any stock, either old or young, yet colts should receive particularly good attention. They should be treated so kindly that they will come to meet you in yard or pasture. This point is accomplished by frequently giving them a lump of sugar, an ear of corn, or something else they like. Halter-break them when small, teach them to le id and stop at the word “whoa,” leave them tied for an hour or two at a time, letting them have something to eat while being tied, and there will be little danger of their pulling at the halter. At one year of age they can be accustomed to the bit, and may have a light harness placed on them for a few hours at a time. The modern practice of driving them to a vehicle when only yearlings is bad, for, unless extra care is used injury will be the result. Colts should be accustomed to the sight of umbrellas, and to strange noises. Keep them growing when both in and out of pasture. Do not dose with medicine unless absolutely required and then only on the advice of a skillful veterinary. Give them a name and always call them by it. A Hog Hanger. A handy device for raising hogs is a derrick made of three poles or scantlings, twelve feet long and bolted together at the top. A pulley is fastened at the top and a small windlass three

feet from the bottom as shown In the cut. A rope is fastened through a hole in the windlass and runs around that and over the pulley. A hook or ring should be fastened to the loose end.’ ; ’ ! -« ■ ( ‘’ L ... ... ■ Salt for. Potatoes. In a mention In the Farming World, of experiments by Rev. Mr. Cartwright, to determine the effect of different fertilizers upon potatoes, in which salt, soot, wood ashes, malt dust, peat, bone dust., manure, lime, decayed leaves, t sulphuric acid, gypsum, etC., Were employed, it was found thatPwith one exception salt, the effects which ha ve been considered doubtftrf- proved superior to them all, and in connection with soot its energy was very striking. The plants where salt was used were of a paiar green, but this proved to indicate no want of v'gor. Experiment With Clover. ■ The superiority of clover as a fertilizer is shown by an experiment made by that well-known cloverer, T. B. Terry, of Ohio. He tells a reporter of the Rural New Yorker “that three years ago a measured half acre, the end of a field recently seeded to clover, was seeded with twenty loads of good manure, and, in the spring, plowed and set to strawberry plants. It was carefully tilled that season, but a late frost the following season destroyed pretty much ail the berries, consequently very little plant food was taken from the half acre. In July (1891) this harf acre was plowed and harrowed often until time to seed to wheat. During these two years the rest of the field, not having been manured at •all. had grown a crop of clover for hay, the second crop being cut for seed, and in 1891 an unusually large crop of potatoes. Both portions were prepared for wheat last fall and seeded the same day the half acre that had been manured at the rate of forty loads to the acre aud had practically grown no crop,

and the portion that had grown tw» heavy crops with .only a clover sod and roots for plant food. The result: The wheat on the half acre was no better, hardly as good, so says Mr. Terry, and so says a number of visiters. The wheat had been retpoved before my visit, but no difference in the new seeding of clover could be noticed.” Mistakes of Dairymen. There are many dairymen who make the serious mistake of not providing properly for liberal feeding in the autumn. Consequently, when the grass is gone and the unfavorable weather sets in. their cows begin to shrink rapidly in their milk. Often the flow is redqeed to a point where it does not pay to continue milking them,and they are permitted to grow dry when, with proper feeding, there would be several months of profitable wo'k yet before them. Besides this, the price of dairy products begins to come up at this time, and cows that are kept ‘in milk pay well for the extra trouble and expense of feeding. Some succulent food is needed at this time, to take the place of the grass to which they have been accustomed all summer, as a sudden change to dry feed will lessen the flow of milk, however liberal the ration may be. Boots answer a good purpose at this time, as will also cabbage, green-corn fodder, ensilage, etc. It is not difficult to prepare for autumn feeding, but it demands a little forethought; It is one of those cases, so frequently occurring on the farm, where serious loss is occasioned by the neglect to plan in advance.

The Barn Cat. A ban?, cat always looks sleek and fat and obtains its own living by catching rats and mice. House cats are usually fed so abundantly that they hava never been know to catch a mouse, and about the only living thing thfiy were ever known to catch was the canary bird. Notwithstanding this act thev are allowed to live simoly because they know no belter, and are themselves pets. A active cal. that will spend most of its time about the barn buildings, bidding them of mice and other vermin is worth at least $5 per year to any farmer. All families of cats are act good mousers, but when you are able to obtain one of a family that is, take it to the burn, provide a nice warm place for ly to sleep, and take food to it until “It feels quite at home. Should it go to the bouse carry it back, and after a time drive it to the barn if it frequents the house, and it will soon learn that the barn is Its home, and remain, there, catching its living about the buildings and fields. A Handy Wood Box. Take four scantling three and onehalf feet long. Dress them and put them two feet apart in width and three and one-half feet apart in

length. Put on a bottom and side up with good lumber two feet, then put a top on the same as for a table. It is aandy, too, as it can be placed close to the stove. Paint it some dark color.—Practical Farmer. Housekeeping Hint*. To take grease spots out of carpets. mix a little soap into a gallon of warm water, then add half an ounce of borax; wash the part well with a clean cloth, and the grease or dirty spot will disappear. Cramp in the leg is instantly relieved by turning the foot inward, so that the toes touch the other leg. When lying in bed rise to a sitting posture merely, and “turn off” the cramp by this means. Never clean a drawing room or dining room without folding up the table covers, etc., and cover up the furniture with sheets: fold the curtains, having shaken them well first, then strew tea leaves over the carpet and brush it well. A-good remedy for inflammation of the eyes caused by cold is to drop a lump of alum the size of a hickory nut into a teacup of hot milk. The curd will separate from the whey. Put the curd, which may be kept moistened by the whey between a fold of soft muslin and lay it over the eyes. It is frequently asked how much mustard should be given if desired to make a patient sick in case of croup or poisoning. A tablespoonful of ground mustard to a tumblerful of warm water is the rule. Salt is almost as efficacious as mustard if the latter is not at hand. If the first tumbler has no effect give more and tickle the back of the throat with a feather. Miscellaneous Xtecipes. A Nice Pound-Cake —Take twelve eggs and their weight in pulverized sugar, the weight of ten eggs in flour, and the weight of eleven in butter. Pear Jam.—-To six pounds of pears put four pounds of sugar. Put the pears in a sauce-pan or kettle with a little water to cover them. Set over the tire until the fruit is soft, then add the sugar and cook as other jam. Minced Veal.—Pick up cold veal fine, or cut into small bits. Add half a pint of milk, three eggs, a spoonful of butter, two spoonsful of flour. Strew thickly with breadcrumbs, and bake in a deep dish. Season with pepper, salt, and nutmeg. Hermit Cakes.—One and one-half cups of brown sugar, one cup of butter, one cup of chopped raisins, onehalf teaspoonful each of cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg, and soda, three eggs, flour enough to roll out Cut in squares or rounds and attend well to thq baking. Paper Pancake?. —Sift a pint and a half of flour; to a cupful of sour milk put half a teaspoonful of soda, beating till it foams, pour into the flour; add four eggs slightly beaten and enough cold water to matte a thin batter. Grease the griddle well and cover it with a thin coating ol batter; turn quickly. Cut in quarters and serve hot with butter and sugar.

•th 1 .rwna DAVID a COOK. The Fionaer Publisher of Literature fori Sunday Schools. Dvdd C. Cook, the Chicago Sunday School publisher, was born in East Worcester, 'New York, in 1850, a son of

Rev. E. 8. Cook, a Methodist minister, a cultured and scholarly man. Since earliest childhood he has been devoted to' ,the Sunday School, jin boyhood he joined "the church, and be- • gan teaching in the Sunday School at the

tge of seventeen in the West Division of Chicago, and for four years following taught most of the time in two or three schools each Sabbath. The fire of 1871 was the beginning of his mission and Sunday-school work on the North Side. His field was one of the roughest and poorest of the burnt district. Sere, in a German theater and beer-hall, he organized “Everybody’s Mission,” afterwards removed to a building of Its own. With an attendance of 350 to 450, he sustained the school for five years without the aid of church or society. Besides this, he has since organized and superintended North Avenue Mission, Lake View Mission, Lake View Union Sunday-schools in Chicago, and the Sunday-school connected with Grace Church in Elgin, 111., besides several smaller schools. His flret publications were issued for his own Sunday-schools alone. Neighboring Sunday-schools, appreciating the value of these helps, became his first subscribers. Soon Mr. Cook discovered that his were not the only schools that needed more and better literature than they could afford to buy at the prices then existing and resolved to make it his life work to place in the hands of the Sunday-school children of the land an abundance of the very best literature at the lowest possible prices. He was met at the very outset with almost insurmountable obstacles and lively opposition; but the obstacles and opposition only furnished zest, for hq is a man of purpose, and it has been well said of him, “his indomitable enemy demands insurmountable obstacles. ” That his purpose was good and wise is proved by the way he has been supported. It is seventeen years since he issued his first publication, and there is now scarcely a village or hamlet in the land where they are iwt known and used. He employs regfflarly six associate editors and pome sixty writers, representing some "of the ablest Sunday school talent in the land. Among, those who know him personally he is always recognized as a man of strong Christian character, a practical worker in the church, Sunday school and temperance cause, and a warm friend of missions, both hom< and foreign. If afflicted with Bor. Eyes, use Dr. Isaac Thompson’s Eye jVater. Druggists sell it 2io FITV.—AII Fits stopped free by Dr. Kline's Great Nerve Hestoi er. No Fits after first day’s nee. Mar. veloua cures. Treaties and *2.00 trial bottle tree to nt cases. Send to Dr. Kline, ni Arch Ht./Phlla. Pa.

In Olden Times ->*VBtoo<werlooked the importance of permanently beneficial effects and were* satisfied with transient action, but now that it is generally known thAt Syrup of Figs will permanently cure habitual constipation, well-informed people will not buy other laxatives, which act for a time, but finally injure the system. ■ i The Rev. Plink Plunk on Luck. It hez often struck me, deah breddern, dat de “luck" ob some men is simply de n&cheral result ob dere own goaheadedness, shrewdness, ability an’ pluck.— New York Herald. , ' A Trtmendoui Rumpus In the system le produced by * disorderly liver. Bile gets into the blood and gives a saffron tinge to the countenance and eye-balls, sick headaches ensue, the digestive organs arethrown out of gear, the bowels become costive, there are pains through the right side and shoulder blade, the breath grows sour and the tongue furred, dizziness is frequent, especially on rising suddenly. This state of affairs could not exist unless the disturbance were a serious one. Yet it is easily remediable with Hostetter's Stomach Bitters, which relieves every symptom of biliousness and Indigestion, and promotes a regular action of the bowels, and is auxiliary of Appetite and sleep. The Bitters Is a superb specific for malarial and kidney trouble, rheumatism and debility. A wineglassful thrice a day. Washington Stock. The State of Washington has 176,005 horses, mules, and asses, 224,723 cattle, 246,200 sheep, and 49,163 hogs. Beware of Ointments for Catarrh that Contain Mercury, As mercury will surely destroy the sense of srneU and completely derange the whole system when entering It through the mucous surfaces. Buch articles should never ba used except on prescriptlonz from reputable physicians, as the damage they will do Is tenfold to the good you can possibly derive from them. Hall’s Catarrh Cure, manufactured by F. J. Cheney & Co., Toledo, 0., contains no mercury, and is taken internally, and acts directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. In buying Hall's Catarrh Cure bo sure you get the genuine. It is taken internally, aud made in Toledo, Ohio, by F. J. Cheney & Co. Testimonials free. MTSold by Druggists, price 75c per bottle. The less people apeak of their greatness the more we think of it. Is tour blood poor? Take Beecham’s Pills. Is your liver out of order? Use Beecham’s Pills 25 cents a box. Reputation is what others say we are, character is what we are. Don't give up and say there is no halp for Catarrh, Hay Fever, and Cold in tie head, since thousands testify that Ely’s Cream Balm has entirely cured them. I have been bothered with catarrh for about twenty years; I had lost sense of smell entirely, and I had almost lost my bearing. My eyes were getting so dim I hud to get some one to thread my needle. Now I have my hearing as well us I ever had, and I can see to thread as fine a needle as ever I did; my sense of smell seems to be improving all the time. I think there is nothing like Ely’s Cream Balm for catarrh.—Mrs. E. E.' Grimes, Bendrill, Perry Co., Ohio. Apply Balm into each nostril. It is Quickly Absorbed. Gives Relief at once. Price 50 cents at Druggists or by mail. ELY BROTHERS, 50 Warren St., New York. Fine Playing Cards. Send 10 cents in stamps to John Sebastian, Gen’l Ticket and Pn-m. Agt, a, R. I. & P. B’y. Chicago, for a pack of the “Rock Island” Plaving Cards They are acknowledged the best, and worth five times the cost. Send money order or postal note for 50c, and will send five packs by express, prepaid. Important to Fleshy People* We have noticed a page article in the Boston Globe on reducing weight at a very small expense. It will pay our readers to send two-cent stamp for a copy to Betina Circulating Library, 80 E. Washington street, Chicago, HL DESERVING CONFIDENCE.—There is no article which so richly deserves the entire confidence of the community as Brown’s Bronchial Troches. Those suffering from Asthmatic and Bronchial Diseases. Coughs, and Colds should try them. Price 25 cents.

DAVID C. COOK.