Democratic Sentinel, Volume 14, Number 40, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 31 October 1890 — Page 7

LINKED BY TOE LOCKS.

WHERE THE GREAT NORTHERN LAKES MEET.

The Great Canal at Saint Mary's River a Marvel of Engineering Skill, bn* a Still Greater One in Process of Cngatruetion— Progress of the Work.

exactly two years and fourteen days from that date the steamer Illinois had the honor of being the first boat to be locked through. This lock had two chambers, each 70 feet wide and 350 feet long, between gates, passing vessels drawing a maximum of eleven and one-half feet. Water was admitted to the locks through openings in the leaves of the tipper gates by means of butterfly valves ■which were worked with a rack and pinion. Seven minutes was required to fill the upper lock chamber, and fourteen minutes to fill the lower one. The volume of water in the upper lock, when filled to the level of the canal above, amounted to 3,757,000 gallons. Valves in the lower lock gates allowed the water to escape, and it only required fourteen

minutes to empty each lock chamber. For thirty-one years these locks were in commission, and then they were abandoned. To-day there is a vast hole in the ground partially filled with steam drills, huge derricks and tawny Italian laborers that occupy the sites of the old locks, which in turn forms part of the chamber of the new lock now in course of construction. This masterpiece of engineering skill will be 800 feet long between the gates. 100 feet wide, and feet dee.p. Its capacity will be 3,440,000 cubic feet. The depth of water on the miter sills will be 20 feet, and the lift of the lock 18 feet. The volume of water in the lock, when filled to the level of the canal, will be 23,338,000 gallons, over six times the capacity of the first one built It is expected that four vessels, each 350 feet long and 46 feet wide, can pass through at one lockage. Work was begun in the spring of 1887. It is under the supervision of General Orlando M. Poe, U. S. A., the engineer in charge of the canal improvements, and the estimated cost of the lock, together with the enlarged canal, which is to have a navigable depth of 20 feet, is in.the neighborhood of 55,000,C0J. The contractors should have finished their work of excavating last June, but leakages and other drawbacks delayed them, so General Poe granted a six months’ extension. He might as well have given them a year, for it is safe to say the big lock will not be read}- for the masonry until after navigation opens next spring. Still, the contractors are crowding the work as rapidly as possible, and have lately put on a night force. The present lock through which all vessels must pass en route to and from Lake Superior has long been considered one of the most remarkable structures in the world of its kind. When, in 1855, the St. Mary’s Falls Canal was constructed for the purpose of enabling the traffic by water between Lakes Superior and Huron to overcome a fall of twenty feet four inches in the St. Mary's Strait,

which is the connecting waterway between these two important lakes, it was expected that the difficulty was solved for years to come. : But scarcely a decade passed before the volume of business had increased sq largely that it was easy to figure the first lock would, before long, prove wholly inadequate. From the shores ,of Lake Superior came a wealth of ir?n and copper together with millions of feet of and to carry this through the canal taxed the Iqck beyond its capacity. A new and larger one bfecame an absolute .necessity, and.to supply this demand the United States,,Government in 1870 lot the first contract forthe improvement of the canal, whifih resulted in its enlargement and thcnbuilding of the magnificent lock in to-day. The canal, originally 5,400 feet long, was increased to 7,000 feet and the depth from to sixteen feet. Its width is variftple—the least width being 108 feet at the movable dam. Vessels are protected Against injury from the

T. MARY'S River improvements began in 1852, when a grant of 750,000 acres of public land . was made to the I State of Michigan, from the sale of which the canal was built, says a correspondent of the Chicago Herald, writing from Sault c Ste. Marie, Mich. Ground was broken June 4, 1853, and

THE LOCKS AT SAULT STE. MARIE.

AWAITING THEIR TURN AT THE LOCKS.

rocky sides of the canal by a revetment of pier work, the general height of which is four feet above mean water level. The material is pine timber one foot square. The chamber of the lock is 515 feet long between the gates, eighty feet wide, narrowed to sixty feet at the gates. The depth of the water on the miter sills is seventeen feet. The volume of water in the lock chamber when filled to the level of the canal above amounts, to 9,888,000 gallons, nearly three times more than that in the old lock, but less than onehalf the volume that will be contained in the one now unde The walls are of limestone. The cut stone was obtained from Marblehead, Ohio, and Kelley’s Island, Lake Erie. There are 34,207 cubic yards of masonry in the construction, of which 35,000 barrels of cement were used, every barrel of which was tested before it went to the wall. The foundation is on rock throughout, a Potsdam sandstone of different degrees of hardness. A floor of timber and concrete extends across the bottom of the lock and five feet under each wall. The miter-sills are oak timbers 12 by 18 inches, and fastened in place by bolts ten feet long, fox-edged and concreted in the rock. The estimated capacity of the lock is ninety-six vessels in twenty-four hours. The limit was nearly reached two years ago, when eighty-four vessels were locked through in one day. A prettier piece of masonry does not exist anywhere in the United States. The total cost of the canal enlargement was almost $2,250,000. Two minutes is required to open or close the lock gates, eleven minutes to fill the lock and eight minutes to empty it. The water reaches the lock from two culverts under the floor. These culverts

are each eiirht feet square and extend from the well above the upper lock gate to the well above the lower gate. The water is admitted into the culverts through a grated well. The covering of the culverts is the floor of the lock. The water passes into the lock chamber through fifty-eight apertures in the lock floor. Each ’ aperture has an area of three square feet. The filling valves through which the water enters the culvert are two in number and are located in the well just above the upper lock gate. Each valve when shut closes the entrance to one of the culverts. Each valve is ten feet wide and eight inches deep and is made with horizontal castiron axles and frames, to which a covering of boiler Iron is bolted. The two emptying valves through which the water escapes from the Jock are located in the well Just above the lower lock gate. Their construction is similar to that of the filling valves Just described. The power for the machinery is obtained from two thirty-inch turbines. Water is brought to the wheels through a supply pipe from the canal above the lock. Both are connected by spar gearing to the ma'n shaft. There are four gate engines, one for each leaf of the upper and lower lock-gates and four valve engines, one for each of the filling and emptying valves. The pump for emptying the lock is in the cellar of the machine house. It is centrifugal, run by a belt from the main shaft, and is about eight feet below the surface of the water. When the water is to be pumped out of the lock, which is usually done twice a year, the guard gates above' and below are closed. Seventeen hours is required to empty the lock with the pump. The guard gates are only used when repairs are being made to the lock. They are opened and closed by means of temporary block and tackle operated by a power capstan. This capstan Is on the lock wall near the machine house. It is run by belts from the main shaft, and is utilized for warping vessels in and out of the lock. Both leaves of the

upper guard gate are provided with valves with which to fill the lock after the water is pumped out. The lock can be filled these valves in about one hour. The movable dam is about 3,000 feet from the lock and is designed to check the flow of water so that the upper guard gates can be closed in case the lock gates are accidentally carried away. It consists of an ordinary swing bridge, one end of which can be thrown across the canal. A scries of wickets are suspended side by side from a horizontal truss hung beneath the bridge and abutting at either end, when the bridge is closed, against heavy buffers securely anchored to the masonry. One end of each wicket can be let down until it rests against a sill in the bottom of the canal. When the wickets are all down they form a vertical bulkhead or dam. There are twenty-three of these wickets, each supported in an iron frame. Over nine thousand five hundred vessels passed through th*< lock last year,

the actual freight carried amounting tu ">516,022 tons iq addition to nearly twen-ty-six'" thousand passengers. The steady increase in business and tedious delays that oftentimes arise have convinced the Government that a single lock cannot accommodate the commerce of the Northern lakes, so on recommendation of Gen. Wifzel, of the War Department, Congress

REPAIRING A BROKEN VALVE.

finally authorized the construction of another lock and the improvement of Hay Lake channel. The new lock will be built on very nearly the same lines as the present one, only ft will be larger in every way, as already described.

A RIFLE QUEEN.

Miss Adelaide Item en’n Remarkable Recon! as a M-rkswomau. Fashionable Ndw York society is happy in the possession of the champion amateur rifle shot in the world. Miss Adelaide Remsen, who, it is claimed, can make a clean score every time. Miss Remsen is an intimate friend of the Marquise de Mores, and was first taught how to handle a rifle by the plucky wife of the nobleman cowboy. Miss Remsen’s favorite weapon is a 38-caliber Winchester rifle. She has an unerring aim and rarely if ever misses her mark. While visiting the Marquise de Mores in the Bad Lands of Dakota, two years ago, the fair New York girl astonished the professional hunters ivith the remarkable precision of her aim and her wonderful pluck. Miss Remsen has bowled over deer, bear, antelope, and mountain sheep—a truly wonderful record lor a man, let alone a pretty young society miss, who performed this marvelous shooting in the face of the greatest dangers. W hile at Lennox, Mass., last season and again at Cannes, France, about three months ago, Miss Remsen made such phenomenal scores astoevoke the admiration of the spectators, who presented her with a couple of bejeweled badges emblematic of her prowess with the rifle. The Prince of Wales, who witnessed Miss Remsen’s markmanship at Cannes, presented hsy with a tiny gold target, studded with priceless

MISS ADELAIDE REMSEN.

gems, which the fair markswoman wears as a lace-pin. Miss Remsen is a noted society belle.

How It I, Done.

First City Father—fibre's a fine-look-ing street. Second ditto —You’re right there. What’s best to be done to it ?” “Let’s have it dug up for a sewer.” “But wouldn’t it be proper to pave it first?” “Of course. I supposed you understood that. Then, after it is paved and a sewer put in we’ll have it repaved.” “All in readiness to be dug up again forthe gas pipe? I see you understand the principles of municipal economy. And after we have it repaved a second time, then what ?” “Well, then, it will be in order for widening. There’s nothing I admire so much as system in the care and improvement of our roadways.”— Boston Transcrijjt.

As Good as Catawbas.

Lake Keuka first became noted for the culture of grapes on its shores. The first vineyard was planted about 185 Gon the west shore. In 1861 another was planted oa Bluff Point. The business proved very profitable, and the cultivation of grapes extended until nearly all available land has been utilized. At present grape land is valued at SIOO to S3OO per acre and bearing vineyards SSOO to SI,OOO, the latter price being that of the best Catawba vineyards. The present crop is very promising, and. in view of the general failure of other kinds of fruit, grape-growers are expecting good prices.— Rome Sentinel.

Papa’s Wedding Present.

After the wedding: He—What are you crying for, love ? She—Over papa’s wedding present —boo-hoo. He—Why, what’s the matter wilh it? She—lt’s nothing but a receipted bill for the gas we used uu during our courtship,— Burlington Free Ires*.

A Mean Cheat.

Customer (angrily) Thii suppressed edition of the “Kreutzer Sonata” is a Laud, and I want njy money back. Newsdealer —What’s tjie matter? Customer—There’s no'hing objectionable about it.—l/ato York Weekly. Electric currents of 500 horse-powei will be supplied the International Eleotncal Exhibition at Frankfort trow generators 140 miles distant

Bite Huda Flash and Blood Baby.

A lady walking along the street came upon a little girl' wheeling a baby carriage. “What a beautiful baby!” exclaimed the lady as she discovered a pink face done up in a cream-colored shawl. “Whose child is it?" “Mine,” the girl answered. “Oh, you mean that it is your little brother or sister. ” “No, I mean that he is not my brother, but is mine—my child.” “You are a very young mother.” “I ain’t no mother.” “Then why should you say that the baby is yours?” the lady mischievously asked. “Cause God sent It to me. My mamma asked me if I didn’t want a little baby in the house an’ I said yes, an’ she said if I prayed for one God would send it, and then I said I would pray for a little sister, ’cause I like glrli better than boys; but mamma said I Jest better pray for any kind that God was a mind to send, but I didn’t. I prayed for a little girl, but God took an’ sent a boy any way, an’ I guess it was ’cause he didn’t have any girls on hand. Then I said I would pray to send a little girl as soon as he could, an’ it made papa laugh, an’ he said I neentcr pray any more; he’d see the Lord about it himself. And he did. This is the child —my child.”— Pioneer Press.

This Is Meant for You.

It has been truly said that half the world does not know how the other half lives. Comparatively few of us have perfect health, owing to the impure condition of our blood. But we rub along from day to day, with scarcely a thought, unless forced to our attention, of the thousands all about us who are suffering from scrofula, salt rheum, and other serious blood disorders, and whose agonies can. only be imagined. The marked success of Hood's Sarsaparilla for these troubles, as shown in our advertising columns frequently, certainly seems to justify urging the use of this excellent medicine by all who know that their blood is disordered. Every claim in behalf of Hood's Sarsaparilla is fully backed up by what the medicine has done and is still doing, and when its proprietors urge its merits and its use upon all who suffer from Impure blood, in great or small degrees, they certainly mean to Include you.

What a Poor Child Thought,

A young girl, beautiful in form, feature, and dress, sat in a car. Directly opposite sat a poor child of about the same age, shabbily clothed, with a shambling body, slightly deformed as to the shoulders, and an exceedingly plain face, which bore the lines of suffering and want. Her eager eyes were fixed on the face and figure opposite her with a devouring, pathetic look that showed how keenly alive she was to the exceeding beauty of a beautiful body. The object of the gaze .began to grow uneasy under its intensity and fixity, and finally, looking the girl coldly in the face, she leaned pertly across the aisle, and said: “Well, Miss Impertinence, if you have looked at me long enough, you will be kind enough to look somewhere else. I’m tired of it. ” The poor child grew first red and then white. A look of keen pain came into her eyes, and then tears, as she turned away, and said softly: “I was only thinking how beautiful you are.”

Ask Your Friends About It.

Your distressing cough can be cured. We know it, because Kemp’s Balsam within the past few years has cured so many coughs and colds in this community. Its remarkable sale has been won entirely by its genuine merit Ask some friend who has used it what he thinks of Kemp’s Balsam. There is no medicine so pure, none so effective. Large bottles 50c and $1 at all druggists'. Sample bottle free.

Not So Bad as Alleged.

Considerable complaint is heard because of alleged rough and unkind remarks recently made by a minister of the gospel from the pulpit here in regard to the people of Bellville, among other things that “Hellville would be a more appropriate name for our town than Bellville.” The Standard trusts that t’Aere Is some mistake or even exaggeration about this. The real facts .are that we, who have lived and prospered here for twenty years or more, arc strongly impressad, in fact, firmly believe, that our little town is a real nice place, and the better class of people are largely in the majority here. — Bellville (Texas) Standard. A. M. PRIEST, Drnggißt, Shelbyville, Ind.. Bays: “Hall's Catarrh Cure give the best of satisfaction. Can get plenty of testimonials, as it cures every one who takes it,” Druggists sell it, 75c. Among the incidents of the late Grand Army reunion in Boston was the meeting of two brothers, natives of Maine, "who had not seen each other since the war and each of whom supposed the other to have been killed in that conflict. One now lives in New York and the other in Vermont. Men think house-cleaning easy, but unless a woman uses BAPOLIO the proverb i» true. "Easier rule u, kingdom than manage a house."

TH £ POSITIVE CUR™ ELY BBOTHEBB, M Warren BL, New York. Price to W 50cl Catarrh Cured, ONE CENT! If yon snfTer from Catarrh, in any of lt« forms, it Is yonr dntv to yours-ls and fami’v »n ob»atn ths mesn- oi a certain cure before it is too late. Tula yon can easily do at an expense of one < eit for a poatal card. b>-gendlnx your name and address to Pro.'. J. A. Lawrence. New York, who will send you FREE, by return mail, a cony of toe original recipe for preparing tue best and surest remedy ever discovered for the cure of Catarrh in all it* various Htages. Over one million cxHes of tbia dreadful, diigusilng. and ofo-n tim-s fata, disease hsv- been cured permanently aurins the put five years by the use of tnls medicine. Write to-day for this FREE recipe. >ta tlmelv use may eave you from the death toils of Consumption. DO KOI DELAY longer, if you de«ire a Hpeedyand permanent cure. Add re-s ProZ J. A. LAWRENCE, UK Wanen Street, New York. Beforeyou buy anylhing.Ask two questions: “Bo I rea-Hyr^-ve^Vc^sr ,C&n 1 do - -want jY H < j withoul ’ ‘t’f’ HoH these m&keyou rich: but they will revent you from buying SAPQLIO Its uses are many and so are its friends; for where it is once used it is always used. To clean house without it is sheer folly, since it does the work twice as fast and twice as well.

Long Life to Him

Long life to the Jolly man! Wherever he goes there flits a breeae or sparkles a sunbeam, or, behold! the refreshment of a shower that turns the withered commonplace of life green as an April meadow, writes Amber. I have no patience with that etiquette that forbids hearty laughter. As well reprove a lark for singing when the sun is rising. I have no patience either with the crackle of thorny laughter under the bubbling pot of meaningless mirth; but downright contagious hilarity with its quick peal of laughter bells—give us plenty of that to keep our hearts in tuneful harmony. Did you ever hear of a villain who was full of the appreciation of humor, or quickly moved to laughter? Bad men may show their teeth, like Carker, or contort their faces into meaningless smiles, but their merriment is as different from the jocund laughter of good men as the call of the night bird differs from a bobolink’s sunlit spray of morning melody.

Dobbins' Electric Soap does not chap the hands, being perfectly pure. Many p-ople afflicted with Salt Rheum have been cured by its use. Preserves aud whitens clothes. Have your grocer order it and try it how. George Blust swore so frightfully at Mrs. Charles Graham, near New Albany, Ind., that she went into convulsions and died. An indignant professor of anatomy in New York denies that there is a skeleton in every closet—he has pawned his. —7'cxas Siftings. Wren medicine is given a child, parents like to leel it is a safe and proper one. Such a remedy is Dr. Bull's Worm Destroyers. The world’s a stage, and you will always have crowded houses when you make a fool of yourself.— Atchison Globe. For a disordered liver try Beecham's Pills. A man’s tongue cun spoil all his industry. If afflicted witli Here Eyes, use Dr. Isaac Thompson's Eye Water. Druggists sell it 25c.

THE POINT. £( a From a Catholic ArchAX bishop down to the fl Poorest of the Poor 111 all testify, not only to the virtues of ST. JACOBS Oil, The Great Remedy For Pain, but to its superiority over all other remedies, < xpressed thus: It Cures Promptly, Permanently; which means strictly, that the pain-stricken seek a prompt relief with no return of the pain, and this, they say, St. Jacobi Oil will give. This is its excellence. OIVK ENJOYS Both the method and results when Syrup of Figs is taken; it is pleasant and re freshing to the taste, and acts gently yet promptly on the Kidneys, Liver and Bowels, cleanses the system effectually, dispels colds, headaches and fevers and cures habitual constipation. Syrup of Figs is the only remedy of its kind ever produced, pleasing to the taste and acceptable to the stomach, prompt in its action and truly beneficial in its effects, prepared only from the most healthy and agreeable substances, its many excellent qualities commend it to all and have made it thdmost popular remedy known. Syrup of Figs is for sale in 50c and 81 bottles by all leading druggists. Any reliable druggist who may not have it on hand will procure it promptly for any one who wishes to try it Do not accept any substitute. CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO. BAN FRMOIBOO, CAL. LOUIBVILLE. KY. NEW YORK, N.Y.

/ >7 1F LI? ‘CovvaiaHT ta*o. “WeUI We«/ n That’s the way you feel after one or two of Dr. Pierce’s Pleasant Pellets have done their work. You feel well, instead of bilious and constipated ; your sick headache, dizziness and indigestion are gone. It’s done mildly and easily, too. You don’t have to feel worse before you feel better. That is the trouble with the huge, old-fashioned pilL These are small, sugar-coated, easiest to take. One little Pellet’s a. laxative, three to four are cathartic. They regulate and cleanse the liver, stomach and bowels—quickly, but thoroughly. They’re the cAeapesf pill, sold by druggists, because you only pay for the good you get. They’re guaranteed to give satisfaction, every time, or your money is returned. That’s the peculiar plan all Dr. Pierce’s medicines are sold on. Can you ask more?

AGENTS WANTED will buy it sight. Our agents are making llOto|lS I day. HARMON A CO. 824 Hart St., Brooklyn. N.Y. Patents rsssi ASTHMAS. RED-FREE by Kill U aidann. Br. B. BCHimUM, St. Peal, ■!». RCUCIAKI John w.iuoHiria, [■CaNOlUni Washington, ».©; ■ lyrain last war, MaAiudtoating claims, atty since. TO EVERYBODY. A apeHmen IJI 17 popyof theßeataudOb<'ai>e»tFamlly ■ IfM M Story Paper in the Uhlted Hides. Ben<« rim MOTHERS. n&f cularaa’iamalliiimilala birSeatomiM. Addrem , II 11. SNYDER. Lock Box 4SI, Chloasro. TIL MENTION THIS PAPWtweswvim*.reAevsanaeaa. _ 1 /I/I DmiKl CT the treat foot remedy lor male JU A rtUIN t, Ing the feet M4ALLXM. Instant IP/ relief for colder perspiring feet. At Drug and I 11/ sho ® Stores, or eent free on receipt of 50c. Sample package only a dime. Illuaualei [7 T*U I'EDIS E CO., SSB Broadway, N. Y. J® ® f LdnX. ■ Jul. on. o. w. r.ssvoim. aas auiw swat cmom*. MtNTlbx’TCT 1 annuanoT NWW® WM, W. DUDLEY. LATE COMMISSIONER OF PENSIONS. ®/jONEB\ / OF \ BINGHAMTON] N. Y. a / PENSIONS! The Disability Bill is a law. Boldlers disabled since ihe war are entitled. Dependent widow* and parents now dependent whose sons died from effects of army Late Commissioner of Pensions, WIHIHBTOI, I. B. ASTHMA. A. Popham ’ ( ** ,hma JpeeUte JUi™ oi ™ immediate relief. f SMI 11 11 believed to be the „ ASTHMA Remedy known to humanity. tMMMMgwSMSHBW As evidence we give a Trial Package FREE. W hold by Druggists, bent by mail, postpahL. for SI per Box. Address THOS, POPHAM. 2001 Ridge Avenue, PhlUdZ < | EMS’ 98 s' LYE! I POWMMD m PEETUMEIX has (PATEXTXD.) Wp „x: rtis? Perfumed Hard Soap in twenty minutes without boiling. It is. the beat for cdainfectlng sinks 9V closets, drains, washing ■■ barrels, paints, etc. PENNA. SALT MANUF’G. CO., CUP/fZD.idS Gen. Agtr., Philo., Pa. mb o Removes Tan. HmW « M q . SlTtk Pm 7: -q co and every blemhh. M u Z u beauty, and daE! Zuw ha«stood the ustor p-< M O tittfSS 4o ye*”* *nd K> Q. 5 0 \Viff harmless wb taste it ” ” *<>*>• wee pro?erlymade. Accept VJ J 00 rottat «rfeit oi U / similar name. Dr. f L. A. Saver raid to 1 * l *dy of the bauU 11 \ ton (a patient): <; Ao t > 1 you Udies will t ’ 1 them, 1 recommend' d ‘Guuraud's, Crvum’’ “ the least ham full ■ -'of al 1 th e 8k in preparatlons.” For sale Vy all Dntfgtoto and Fancy Goods Dealers to. the U. Say Canadas, and Europe. IERD. T. HOPKINK I’rop‘r, 87 Orest Jones St. N. T WE Alf MEH “ d WOMEN ere WeAK MEN “.’.■.“"ji.SK: Exhaualed Nervaa. a. 4 kladred allmrnti. «4 v Boek •n IMva'e and Nerven. Dlmmc-* went FULE (MtirdX CURE GUARANTEED. «1 VARS’ experience. TIieLOWE MEPICAL INSTITUTE,WIu.ted,C.»n. «t prescribe and fully en>rse Big G as the oolyteclflc for the certain cur» ’ this disease. . H.INGRAHAM,M. D., • Amsterdam, N. V. We have sold Big G for iany years, and it baa given the best of satisi&cclon. • D. B. DYCHE 4 CO.. I Cnicago, 11L 1.00. SoldbyDruggists.VAT HEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS, ' i» *hi»ynper nJr ,UU BUW t * ie ,M * vcrtli ’i ;u *«>ißi