Democratic Sentinel, Volume 14, Number 36, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 3 October 1890 — Page 4

tlje g yniocr fttic Sentinel RENSSELAER, INDIANA. r. W. McEWEN, - - - Ppbusbs*.

AjSood horse-meat dinner can now be had in Berlin for five cents. Americans will find •*.O fault with the price. A well-known countess in England paid a board bill for herself and twenty-three cats, over forty goats, two dogs and a monkey. The photographic newspaper is the next thing in journalism. Paris already has one which deals with all sorts of subjects in the most thorough manner. London is likely to have one vfery soon. In Austria the hangman is a man named Seigfried, who wears a black uniform, with a cocked hat and white gloves. He has never had to hang a woman, for the Emperor thinks strangulation is a punishment which should Be reserved for males. I To handicap the activity of some of the members of the British Parliament who are noted for the presentation of bills for the reformation of everything, it is proposed that hereafter all bills 6hall be printed, before intoduction. at the expense of the members who introduce them. It is a risky thing to receive into the bosom of the family a long lost son who has no strawberry mark to identify him. A Pennsylvania farmer has been victimized by a clever sharper, who personated the returned prodigal loqg enough to eat the fatted calf and secure $5,000 in cash. Then he lost himself again.

The only female company of regular State militia in the United States is located at Cheyenne, Wyoming. The company was organized to celebrate the date of Wyoming’s Statehood, and met with such great approval that it was decided to make the organization permanent, and the young ladies were mustered into the regular service of the State. A strange case, which has enlisted tiie attention of medical men, is that-of James Melville, of Concord, Mass. For twelve years he has lain upon a bed without changing his position. The bony portions of his body have united into one piece, and from the crown of his head to the soles of his feet there is not a joint responsive to his will. In the province of Perm, in Russia, there has just passed away a remarkable person, Stefen Aberjew by name, in his one hundred and tenth year. The village priest, who has known the old man for the last thirty years, states that he had never seen him sober since his eightieth birthday. Toward the end of his life he drank over a quart of corn brandy a day. He was never ill in his life. Among the veterans who attended the Grand Army reunion at Boston was John F. Chase of Augusta, Me., who ■received forty-eight wounds by the explosion of a shell at Gettysburg. His right arm was blown off, and his left eye torn from its socket, and he lay on the field two days before it was discovered that he was alive. He is now in comforable health, and receives a pension of $46 a month. It is said that no worm or insect is ever found upon the eucalyptus tree, or in the earth where the roots penetrate. A row of trees planted through an orchard or vineyard will cause insects, worms, or caterpillars to vacate ,that region. The branches of the eucalyptus used in the rooms or windows, or as decorations in dwelling-rooms, will cause mosquitoes, moths, fleas, and flies to leave the premises. Jonathan Hart, of HiUsboro, HI., put a loaded gun into the hands of his twelve-year-old son and told him to •shoot anybody that entered the mejon patch and stole melons. Then he disguised himself, entered the patch and began to cut a melon, just to see if the boy would do as told. The boy did, and Jonathan got the contents of both barrels and may die. His idea was that a miserable melon was worth more than a human life, and fate seems to agree •with him.

Speaking of South Africa, a traveler lately returned from there makes the assertion that it is one of the best countries in the world for profitable real estate investments. It already has beautiful and thriving towns, and it is destined to be the seat of a great and progressive English-speaking race. 'When he was there some years ago he was surprised at the extensive improvements, at the energy of the people, and the natural resources of the land. It is the place of places to put away a few thousand dollars to let them grow. In visiting the foreign cathedrals and art galleries one is often struck with the utter disregard of time and truth that the masters displayed. At the Cathedral of Blanbeuren, in Wurtemberg, there is a rich canvas portraying the impending sacrifice of Isaac by his father. The picture, in its tones and tints, is perfect. Isaac seems endowed with life, so natural is the effect, and Abraham, the patriarch is a masterpiece. But the father has reached forward in civilization several thousand years, and is about to blow out his boy’s brains with a fiint-lock pistol. It is easy to imagine the incongruity of the effect. The quantity of meat thrown overhoard into the Atlantic is very great, •ays an English paper. Out of 185 car-

goes of animals sent to British ports in one year from Canada, consisting of 61,092 head of cattle, 61,382 sheep and seventy-five pigs, 658 cattle, 1,170 sheep and one pig were consigned to the deep during the voyage. Of the 342 cargoes imported from the United States to this country, comprising 138,661 head of cattle, 30,317 sheep and seventeen pigs, 1,570 of the firtt and 857 of the second class of this live stock were thrown overboard during the voyage, thus numbering 4,856 animals which were pitched into the sea for the the year. In the rear room of one of the most celebrated burial shops in New York there has met for years one of the jolliest social organizations in that city. It is known as the Midnight Club, and is composed of preachers, undertakers, men about town, embalmers, and men of business, with a newspaper man for president. There are caskets and coffins of every size in the huge cases that line the walls, and usually several corpses are awaiting shipment or burial, but the surroundings have no stifling effects upon the spirits cf the midnight gathering, and if anything they add zest to the jokes that bubble up to the surface in the intervals of more solid conversation. Perhaps the most valuable fad patronized by London society is the system of ragged schools which has for its aim and object the education of the poor and neglected little boys and girls of the East End,. Linder the promise of shoes, jackets, dresses, hats and wraps the half-savage and more than halfstarved children are allured to ; theso schools, taught a number of useful things and trained in the use of books, clothes, money, soap and Avater. Four thousand teachers are regularly employed, most of whom give their services gratuitously. Special features of the system are the penny savings banks, which have a fund of about £5,000 collectively, and circulating libraries with a total of 34,917 books.

There are two opinions as to impeachment in the United States, arising out of the vague wording of the Constitution : 1. That an impeachment can be ordered only for crimes on which the defendant is also liable to indictment; and 2, that it can be ordered whenever the House thinks that a high officer has been guilty of acts which, though not criminal, should cause his removal from and disqualification for office. These questions are yet unsettled. Only two of the seven persons impeached before the Senate have been convicted; of these Judge Pickering was convicted on March 12, 1803, by a strict party vote. Judge Humphreys, who had hot resigned his office to become a Confederate judge, was convicted on JuDe 26, 1862, unanimously; but this impeachment was merely formal, that his office might be declared vacant. Our system of impeachment is out date, and probably will not be used more frequently in the future than in the past.

Typewriting.

Many authors find the typewriter useful for copying; but anything that is to have the literary touch must be carefully worked out with the pen. And that is not simply a matter of practice—though to be sure it is possible that it may be. That is, if one were trained from a child to use the typewriter instead of the pen or pencil, the art of composition might come naturally to him when fingering the keys. But I greatly doubt whether it can be learned late in life. The typewriter, like many other inventions, is not an unmixed blessing; at the same time, every manuscript offered for publication ought to be typewritten. Would-be authors would find it to their advantage to go to the small expense which the copying of their efforts by the typewriter would entail. Editors are much more willing to examine such manuscripts than those which are written in uneven, scrawling and crabbed hands,' even if there be some individuality about these. It is not individuality that the average editor is looking for; it is something fresh, striking and original, and he is loath to take the trouble to decipher bad chirography on the bare chance of finding something worth his while. So my advice to the young men and young women who add so much to the Government’s postal receipts year after year is to have their productions typewritten. They will save postage, too, as a typewritten manuscript is less bulky than one done by hand.

New Way of Doing It.

The two men who had been sitting together in the seat near the door of the car became engaged in an animated conversation, and their loud voices attracted the attention of all the other passengers. Suddenly one of them rose up and said: “Ladies and gentlemen, I appeal to yon to decide a disputed point. My friend here insists that not more than three per sons out of five believe that they have souls. I take a more cheerful view of humanity than that. Will all of you who believe you have souls raise your right hands?” Every hand in the car went up. “Thank you,” he said with a smile. “Keep them up just a moment. Now, will all of you who believe in a hereafter please raise your left hands also.” Every left hand in the car went up. “Thank you, again,” he said. “Now while all of you have your hands raised,” he continued, drawing a pair of revolvers and leveling them, “my friend here will go down the aisle and relieve you of whatever valuables you may happen to have. Lively, now, Jim.” The test of a man is not whether he can govern a kingdom single-handed, but whether he can govern himself, and thus have his private life tender and considerate so as to make his wife and children happy.

MICHIGAN AND CANADA

UNITED BY AN AVENUE UNDER THE ST. CLAIR RIVER. Completion of tlie Longest Hirer Tnmel In the World—Breaking the Tunneling Record—Progress at the Kate of 159 Feet a Week—lllustration's of Some Marvelous Machinery In Operation.

HE great railroad tunnel at IPort Huron, Mich., is practically completed, and trains 'will be running through it by the end of the year. The United States is now connected with Canada by an avenue under the St. Clair liiver. It is in several respects the most notable and

successful engineering feat of its kind on record. It is the longest river tunnel in the world, being 6,050 feet in ail, 2,300 feet of which is under the river bed. Its outside diameter is 21 feet. It is the first cast-iron tunnel of its kind. It lias been constructed at an unprecedented rate. Its prosecution has been attended with fewer casualties than any other similar \\;ork, one broken leg being the extent of the accidents, excepting two deaths of workmen indirectly due to disregard of tlie company's orders regulating the use of air pressure. What is perhaps yet more remarkable, the cost of its construction will -come within the first estimate of three million dollars. It is a little more than one year since the tunnel proper was begun, the steel shields having been lowered down inclines into the cuttings in August, 1889. Work on the cuttings, however, was begun in January, 1889, and test shafts

were sunk on both sides of the river in 1887. The St. Clair Tunnel Company was formed in the year 1880. This great work became a necessity by reason of the growth of traffic over the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada, the Chicago and Grand Trunk, the Detroit, Grand Haven and Milwaukee, and the Toledo, Saginaw and Muskegon Railroads. The steam car ferry now in operation at this point was found inadequate and also unreliable during a portion of the year by reason of the power of the currents (eight miles an hour; and the ice in the river. A bridge was impracticable, owing to the low level of both shores and the great amount of shipping traffic of large dimensions. The walls of the tunnel, as indicated in our smallest illustration, are formed of thirteen cast-iron segments and a key. These segments are cast with thirty-two holes in them, twelve in each side flange and four in each end. The inside diameter of the tunnel is twenty feet. The idea of substituting these segments for brick work was suggested by Mr. Joseph Hobson, of Hamilton, Out., the chief engineer of the St. Clair Tunnel Company, and also chief engineer of the Great Western Division of tho Grand Trunk Railway. Mr. Thomas Murphy, of New York, was the superintendent of excavation. The mechanical department on both sides of the river is under the charge of Mr. J. T. Eaines, the engineer who invented the apparatus for lowering the stupendous shields into their place, and also a system of cocks on the twenty-four hydraulic jacks surrounding the shield, whereby two men can do the work of twenty-four. By the simple opening of a valve, the direction of the shield could be shifted as to follow the engineer’s level. Sir Joseph Hickson at a meeting of the directors some time since expressed the conviction that the tunnel would be completed for traffic within eighteen months. The subsequent rate of progress has so far exceeded the most sanguine expectations and has so c ompletely beaten the record of all former similar works that the talk now is that the traveling public may be inspecting the interior of this tunnel by the end of the year. The shield to which tho singular security as well as the rapidity of this piece of tunneling is due is the invention of Mr. Alfr.ed E. Beach, of New Y T ork. The mode of operating this piece of machinery, which has revolutionized the art of river tunneling, is graphically

portrayed by the main illustfation accompanying this description. The shield which is operated simultaneously from each end of the tunneling, consists of a strong cylinder somewhat resembling a huge barrel with both heads removed. The front end of the cylinder is sharpened, so as to have a cutting edge to enter the earth. The rear end of the cylinder for a length of two feet or so is made quite thin and is called the hood. Arranged around the main walls of the cylinder and longitudinal therewith are a series of hydraulic jacks, all operated from a common pump, each jack having cooks whereby it may be cut off from the pump whenever desired. Within the shields are vertical and horizontal braces and shelves. W T hen at work the iron plates or the masonry of which the tunnel is composed are first built up within the thin hood of the shield; the hydraulic jacks are then made to press against the end of the tunnel plates or masonry, which has the effect to push the shield ahead into the earth for a distance equal to the length of the pistons of the jacks, say two feet or not quite the length of the hood, and as the shield advances men employed in (the

LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF THE TUNNEL.

WORKING IN THE TUNNEL.

front of the shield dig out and carry back the earth through the shield. By the advance of the shield, the hood, within which the iron or masonry tunnel is built, is drawn partly off from and ahead of the constructed tunnel, thus leaving the hood empty. The pistons of the hydraulic jacks aTe then shoved back into their cylinders, and a new section of tunnel is built up within the hood as before described. The shield is then pushed ahead, and so on. The extreme end of the tunnel is always within and covered and protected by tire howl. In this manner the earth is rapidly excavated or bored out and the tunnel built without disturbing the surface of the ground. Eacli shield is circular, 21 feet 7 inches in diameter, 16 feet long, and is built ol plate steel one inch thick. It is divided into twelve compartments by means oi two liorizontal and three vertical stays, which are built up to a thickness of twe inches. These stays have a knife esJg( in front and extend back ten feet, leaving six feet of clear cylinder,’into which the end of the tunnel extends. Ten oi the compartments are permanently closed and bracings of angle iron placed across them. The other two are provided with heavy iron doors, which can be closed at once in case of accident oi danger. These doors are situated at the bottom in the center, and through them is passed all the excavated matter. Flush with this heading (with their cylinders extending forward into the compartments) are twenty-four hydraulic rams at equal distances around the shield. These rams are eight inches in diameter and have a stroke of twentyfour inches. The profile illustration will give a popular understanding of the proportions of the different sections of thil

tunnel, of the difficulties overcome in its completion and of the magnitude of the work. From the American euttiqg to the river’s edge is 1.800 feet; from the Canadian cutting, 1,950 feet; under the river, 2,300. The subterranean approaches will be on the Canadian side 13,000 feet, on the Michigan side 9,000 feet. For the tunnel proper 2,196,400 feet of soil have been excavated. The east iron lining lias required 55,962,500 pounds. There have been used in securing this lining 859,242 bolts. The tunnel will drain itself of the surface water entering by the approaches

ENTRANCE OF THE TUNNEL.

into an intercepting tunnel or vertical shaft 122 feet in depth, extending to bed rock, which is reached at that point. This well will by the highest pumping engine of its kind in existence. It will be over one hundred feet in height. The pump of the engine will be on the bottom of the tunnel, while the' cylinders will be on the level of the ground. The tunnel at present is dirty with clay and silt, admitted during the work of excavation. After being cleaned it is to be treated with a preparation to prevent rusting. The lower third of the tube is to bo lined with brick and cement 1o

prevent deterioration of the casing by the brine that leaks from meat ears. One railway track will be planked on both sides. The ties will be of iron, conforming in their curve to the bottom of the tunnel. Coke engines will be used for motive power, in order to avoid as much as possible gas and smoke. An electric light station will be maintained on the Port Huron side, and the tunnel will be at all times as light as day. As soon as the present tunnel Is in running order another alongside of it will be begun, using the same machinery, with the exception of tho shells of the pair of shields, which it was impossible to remove.

The Difference.

Mr. Chugwater (explaining matters to visitors) —My wife is generally well, but she is suffering to-day from rheumatism, influenza, toothache, a sore thumb and an inflamed eye. In her case it never rains but it pours. .Mrs. Chugwater (explaining matters also) —I don’t make any fuss about it, though. I am not like my husband. He never pains but he roars.

SEARCHING FOR A STOLEN MULE.

BY FIL DOOZER.

known as Blind Pony Bulge. A man was on the inside of the fence hacking and slashing around in some tall weeds with an old scythe that was entirely too dull to accomplish very much. The traveler addressed him very politely, aud, after introducing himself, desired to know if the farmer had noticed anything of a strange mule during the last few days. “Naw,” said the man. “Been none az I’ve seed Yer didn’t ’spose this naborhood waz harborin’ other people’s stock, did yer?” “Oh, no,” replied the stranger. “Wall, guess yer better not,” said the wood-cutter. “The people what lives in this naborhood air quiet au peaceful. I waz jist goin’ ter say yer couldn’t git down offen that ere boss an’ say enybody in these parts waz a-harborin’ strange mules.” “I merely asked for information,” replied the traveler; “I had no intention of insinuating that any one was trying to harbor my mule.”

“Wall, that’s all right, stranger. We don’t want no man ter come here an’ say this ain’t no ’onest naborhood.” “As I was going to say,” remarked the gentleman, “I had a gray mule stolen several nights ago, and back there at town I got information which led me to conclude that mv animal had been brought in this direction.” “See here, straDger, don’t yer cast no reflections on tbis ’ere naborhood!” “Indeed, sir, I had no idea of doing such a thing.” “Good thing yer didn’t, ’cause no man could git down offen hiz hoss where I waz an’ cast slurs on this ’ere naborhood. We are quiet, law-’bidin’ citizens here, we are.” “I merely desired to know if you had noticed anyone riding, driving, or leading a strange mule.” “An’yer didn’t mean to put a bad name on this ’ere naborhood?” “Why, certainly not.” “Mighty good thing yer didn’t, mister. No man could git down offen his hoss an’ say enything agin this ’ere naborhood.” “Ah, well, I understand all that, but have you seen anything of a strang mule ?” “Didn’t think I’d keep it a secret, did yer, if I had a seed one ?” “I did not suppose you would mention it unless I said something about it. That was .why I asked,” retorted the stranger, as he began to display indications of growing impatient. “Look here, stranger, do you mean to ’cuse me ov knowin’ sometin’ erbout yer mule an’ not wantin’ ter tell it?” “I meant nothing of the kind. I meant it would not be reasonable for you to say anything about having seen a strange mule until I first asked you.” “Mighty good thing yer didn’t try to make it ’pear that this ’ere was not a ’onest naborhood. No man could git down offen his hoss where I waz an’ say enything agin this ere visinity.” “I am not on a mission of insulting neighborhoods. lam in quest of my stolen mule. If you can give me any information I will be very thankful.” “Stranger, did yer mule have on only three shoes?” “Only three.” “Waz he sorter lame in the left foreleg ?” “He was, slightly lame in the left foreleg. ”

“ W azn’t one ov liiz foreteeth naissin’ ?” “One of his upper foreteeth was gone. ” “Didn’t he have a lump on hiz right shoulder ?” “He did.” “Wasn’t one ov hiz ears a leetle shorter than t’other?” “Yes.” “Wall, I don’t know er blame thing erbout yer mule.” “Why, how is that? You seem to know a great deal about him.” “Look here, mister, don’t yer ’spute my word. That’s sumthin’ I don’t low no man ter do. Es a man waz to git down offen hiz hoss an’ call me a liar, me an’ him would lock horns right then an’ thar.” “That’s all right about your locking horns, but I would like to know how you can describe my mule so well and yet say you don’t know anything about him.” “Mister, I tak that az jist az good az callin’ me a liar. Yer can’t git down offen that ere hoss an’ say it agin.” “You're a fool.” “Yer can’t git down offen that ” The traveler threw his bridle reins over a fence stake, was onto the ground in a jffy, hopped over the fence, grabbed a rail and started for his man. While the traveler was going through these moves, the weed-cutter was making preparations to get away from there. It was a lively race. The stranger just chased that fellow out of that lot, down through the pasture, across a small patch of corn and into the brush—but he never caught him. In coming back, the stranger .picked up the man’s hat and hung it on a post. When he had mounted his horse and started away the weed-cutter emerged from the brush about 200 yards distant and yelled: “Say, mister, yer can’t git down offen that hoss an’—ketch me!”

», In a Good Cause. Amazed mother—What does this mean, miss?- The idea of allowing a young man to hug and kiss you that way!” Sweet girl—Oh, it’s all right, ma. Mr. Nicefello gives me a penny a hug, and it’s all to he applied toward raising the mortgage on our church.”— ( New York Weekly .

1 GENTLEMAN wa« traveling through the central portion of Missouri in quest of a stolen mule. He jogged along at an indifferent pace, making inquiries ocicasionally regarding his lost animal. About four .o’clock in the afternoon he rode up to a fence in a neighborhood

GAY HATS AND BONNETS

MODES IN FASHIONABLE HEADGEAR FOR THE LADIES. Feather Trimmings In High Faror—Tur-quoise-Blue Will Be the Leading Coler Idr Autumn Wear—Some Unique Style* in Millinery.

en the entire material of which the bonnet, hat or toque is composed is studded with them. Not only are uIT kinds of millinery elaborately ornamented with feathers, but all kinds of' fancy trimmings are made of them. Feather ruches are much used for the brims of hats and large, fluffy aigrette# of delicate fancy feathers are seen on dainty little toques. The flower toques* so much the vogue during the summer*.

are giving place, particularly for evening wear, to those composed of two or three bandeaux of feathers. The bowknot, which is as popular as a design in feathers, is a muchused ornament, as are also feather thistles.

One of the new and prettv demi-sea-son hats is seen on the sweet-faced girl! in the second illustration. The brim is of black, shirred velvet—-and, by the way, shirred velvet will be much used, in millinery during the fall and winter and the loav, soft crown is of a dark, soft shade of red velvet. Above the sharp-pointed front is s small bow of gold ribbon, and in theback are six black French ostrich tips* together with a large rosette of the gold libbon. Long loops of ribboa velvet finish this stylish hat. The third illustration shows the

fashionable feather * ruche or band. The |> soft crown is of black “velvet, and on the plain black vel\*efc brim, which is edged. Avith jet, is laid the l band of black ostrich feathers. A small! cluster of tips is laid flat on the brim in.

front, and at the upturned back is an upright cluster of tops and & largo rosette of bjas velvet. The fourth illustration is a unique toque of red velvet and black sutache braid. The crown is of soft folds of red velvet, and the close brim, composed of black sutache braid* is broad in front and narrow at the back where the crown comes down, and.

is finished with long depending loops and ends. Red-velvet ties coming from the back are fastener) ed loosely in front, and the left side is ornamented with a cluster, of ostrich-feather pom-; pons. The jaunty, close turban hat in the last

illustration is made for the girl with a retrousse nose, the pansylike face, and. and the big, mirthful gray eyes. It looks a part of her head when ifc is on, continuing and accentuating the lines of her face in the prettiest possible way. The upturning brim is of gray velvet with a gray velvet knot in front. The loav crown is of soft folds

of gray cloth. Tfle brim turns up sharply in the (back and is trimmed with ’high clustering loops of gray Velvet ribbon and with gray and white wingsi turning toward the front. In millinery turquoiseblue will be the leadings color and, while it will be

combined with various hues, one of the most chic combinations will be an arrangement where a note of black appears, intermixed with the pale bluegreen, of which the hat, bonnet, or toque is composed. Often this note of black will be in the shape of black velvet flowers, which are very fashionable.. And, by the way, velvet flowers of aUL shades of color will be much used.

Minerva Parker, Architect.

A young lady architect only 22 yearn is Miss Minerva Parker, who ban achieved the distinction of having her

plans accepted for the Queen Isabella Pavilion in connection with the Ladies’ Department of the World’s Fair. / Miss Parke*was bom in Chicago, but she has been educated at Philei delphia. The young I lady has a profitable

minerva parker. business, having already designed a number of artistic homes in that city’s suburbs. Besides Miss Parker there is only one othear lady architect in the United States,. Mrs. Louisa Bethune, of Rochester,. N. Y.

Tom Corwin’s Disappointment.

There is something pathetic in the failure of the wits of political life. I Thomas Corwin never ceased to attribute to his reputation of being funny his inability to compass the highest honors. He felt that his abilities and services entitled him to any honor within the gift of the people. "He rose to be Secretary of the Treasury in Fillmore’s Cabinet, but that did not satisfy him. He died feeling that if he had not been so funny, if he had not indulged in his exquisite ridicule of the Michigan militia general who attacked Gen. Harrison, he might have been Presidentj Corwin was immeasurably greater than his reputation, and his fun almost always helped out his serious argument. — Harper’s Weekly. When the weather is miserable it is not difficult to find many men whc. iave seen better days.

HE ha bis season are either very largeor are small; bonjnets are small, and [the combined and bleided gayety ot the colors of a bandwagon enters into many .of them. All kinds oi gay jeweled ornaments are used, both faceted and plain, and oft-