Democratic Sentinel, Volume 13, Number 6, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 1 March 1889 — DOWN WITH WAR TAXES [ARTICLE]

DOWN WITH WAR TAXES

THE NATIONAL TARIFF REFORM CON. YENTION AT CHICAGO. An Able, Earnest and Thoughtful Hotly of Men —A Resume of the Interesting Proceedings—Talks on the Tariff— Presi«i«»ut Cleveland’s Letter. [SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE.] Chicago, Feb. 23, 1899. A more earnest, thoughtful, interested and hopeful body of men never asaemb.ed in this . great city of conventions than were the 1.000 representatives who opened the Tariff Reform Conference in Central Music Hall on Tuesday of this week, and ad.oumed yesterday. The assemblage represented every degree of opposition to the protective system, and was composed of poTticians. labor-reformers, writers, teachers, and business men from seventeen States. The mention of President Cleveland’s name was loudly applauded, and when the reading of his letter began the applarse continued for a minute and broae out again at ths conclusion. Mr. John Z. White, Corresponding Secretary of the American Tariti-Keform League, called the assembly to order, read the call, and introduced Mr. E. Burritt Smith, of Chicago, wno was selected by the Committee on Arrangements for Temporary Chairman. Mr. Smith, in taking the gavel, t aid in port: “We believe the time has come to press home to the American people the inquir/ whether a man is free who is required to pay taxes to his neighbor; that the time is at hand when the tariff is to he revised by those who do not enjoy the peculiar privileges of its friends, by those who will have no reason to sacrifice the taxes on whisky and tobac o in order to perpetuate its abuses, by those who hold that the great power of taxation should on y he used for public purposes and not for the creation and maintenance of a wealthy socialistic class. “The net result is a tar*if for protection with incidental revenue ; in other words, a tariff for private gain with inei itntal public revenue. ' "The stupenduous tariff rates of the war (in many cases increased) remain. Kovenue taxes of all kinds, except on whisky, tobacco and sugar, have disappeared, and these exceptions are seriously threatened by the great paity of moral ideas, ‘fat’ and ‘floaters in blocks of five.’ After much revision of the tariff by its friends most of our national taxes are not only unequal and unjust, but they have not even the merit of being levied for public purposes. In the course ■ of your proceedings we sha 1 lay before you some definite plans for advancing the werk of the league.’’ The secrotnry then read the letter of President Cleveland. It said: “Executive Mansion, Washington, D. C. t ( January 24. j “John Z. White, Esq., Secretary American Tariff Reform League: “Dear Sir : I have received the invitation of the American Tariff Reform Leaguo to be present at the convention of tariff reformers to be held in the city of Chicago on the 19th, 20th and 21st of February, 18-19. “1 have alsoreccivod the circular of the league accompanying ibis invitation, in which the object and purposes o: the j reposed convention are specifically set forth. “The scheme of practical and efficient work described therein meets with my hearty approval, and i remisss, if honestly adhered to, the most valuable aid in the furtherance of a cause which is vei-y dear to the interests and w lfare of our people. The danger which we have to guard against is the misleading of our countrymen by specious theories, cunniDgly ■ contrived, and falsely offering to the people relief from personal burdens and the legitimate expenses necessary to secure the benefits of benefic nt rule under the sanction of free institutions. “The declared purposes of your league will not be attained until all those instructed in the economic question which is now pressed upon their attention are freed from all sophistries and clouding fallacies and until the subject of tariff reform is presented to them as a topic involving the relief of the plain p ople of the land in their homes from useless and unjust expenses. “The question is a simple and plain one, and needs but to be fairly presented to bo understood. “It is the positive duty of your organization to guard the people agains deceptiou. "My extreme interest in the work which your league has undertaken, and in the expressed objects of the proposed convention, would lead me to accept your invitation if it were possible to do so. But my public duties here positively prevent such acceptance. “Hoping that the convention will be very suc- • cessful, and with an earnest wish for the prosperity and success of your league in its efforts to enlighten and benefit the people, I am yours very truly, Gicover Cleveland.” Mr. Catlin, of the Committee on permanent Organization, aunouncjff the selection of exGov. J. hterliug Morton for Permanent Chairman. Stepping forward with a valiant air, Mr. Morton suid he would rather preside o/er the convention which he believed represented honest principles than to be Chairman of a national political convention. “The conservation of all human affairs,’’ said he, “is in the principles we represent. We are not here to engage in the jugglery of diction, but to put into potent action —piincipies. It shall be our province to state the trutn t o the people, and tnat is that It is nnjust to tax all of us for the benefit of a few of us. The tariff has been formed for robbery. It must be reformed for revenue or repealed for justice. The ideal of to-day shall be the real of to-morrow. ” □The other officers of the convention are: □Vice- 1 residents: Charles W. Deering, Illinois; Horace White, New York; Henry A. Robinson, Michigan; Enoch Hurpole, Kansas ;E. W. Judd, Massachusetts; S. W. Wilbains, Indiana; Jesse Metcalf, Rhode Island; R. B. Kirkland, Wisconsin; Gov. Simon B Buckner, Kentucky; K. G. Harger, Iowa; E. M. Wilson, Minnesota; ■ James D. Hancock, Pennsylvania; J. Lawrence Dunham, lonnecticut; riarbert Boggs, New ■ Jersey,- and J. Q. Smith, Ohio. Secretaries : Arenas W. Thomas, Texas ; Walter H. Page, Massacheusetts, J. Lawrence Dunham. Connecticut, and John Z. White and W. E. Theme, Illinois.

Charles K. l.add, of Illinois, addressed the ■convention. he began by o v serving that a contest was going on between the laboring many and the craltyf9w. The issues to-day were the same • as the issues of 1860. The masses were contending against a money aristocracy. Lor the last twenty-tive years the country had been nothing but a great junk-shop, full of slave- ■ chains, broken bayonets, and polished brass buttons. When a tax bill was presented for pay- : ment th 9 politician would harangue the people and ray: “Didn't we save tne country ? Diun’t the war cost something?” The flattered voters would swell up with a consciousness of having saved the country and give their votes to sustain the schemers. The speaker said the country adjoining the town in which he lived was as beautiful and fertile as any in the world. The people were honest and thrifty, and yet during the last winter more auction sales and extensions of inter- ■ est had been made than in any previous year. The debts for which the sales had been made were due men who twenty-five years ago were not worth a dollar and who had grown rich off the taxes of a “protetive” tariff. A merchant : in Canada had told him that he had sold American axes for twenty years in competition with Canadian axes, although he had been obllgod to pay a duty upon them of $2 a dozen, and yet the tariffites said that a duty must be levied in order that Americans might be able to make ■ ax«rS at all. In conclusion Mr. Ladd said the • convention should be named the “emancipation convention” rather than a tariff-reform convention. Gov. Buckner said that a President had just been elected by fraudulent votes and that he was about to go to Washington to inaugurate an administration whose chief purpose was to ; perpetuate an odious system or taxation for the benefit of a class. He believed, however, that free trade had only received a check and that ■’•the movement would gather such momentum within four years as would gain victory in 1892. Mr. Sherman began by saying that slavery was ! robbery,) though John C. Calhoun had been hon- • est in his belief in it. Protection was robbery, though many are honestly deluded by it. “Protection is the enemy of the farmer,” said he. “The protectionist pats the farmer on the back ■ and says : ‘ What you want is a market. Cut off the market you have now and we will give you another market, which you will pay for.’ Therefore, my dear farmer, to increase the competition of those who have to sell, begin by reducing one-half the competition you already have. Shut out everybody else and you will increase the competition at home. These people across the water don’t pay you enough, and therefore we will cut ia half what you already . get.’ “The government,which is the manufacturers,

just taka Wl oat ol every 6103 and puts it in ita pocket. The farmer gets 653, or just aa much more as the part is greater than the whole. See t It you don t tae farmer does, lor he outvotes you every time." Mr. Shearman gave some statistics by whieh it was apparent that the protected market only bought a per cent, of the farm products. Protection was also the deadly foe of shipping, Mr. Shearman said. It was destructive to the manufacturers. Every time a new duty was laid a new set of foreigners were transplanted to this country to lower the wages of American workmen. Mr. Sh armau gave figures to show that oulv forty-four of the f.UOJ children in the north Michigan mining region were American bom. “finally, I am agunst protection," said he. “because it is the enemy of humanity. It sets one workingman against another. It sets class against class, and it is at the root of all the laboring troubles of our society. Send this whole selfish and devti-inspireu system down to hell, and let it no longer sully this fair land." The convention thereupon adjourned for the day. The third day of the convention was marked by an interesting debate between ihe radicals and thi conservatives. The discussion was precipitated in the middle of the afternoon session by the unexpected presentation of a report by the Committee on Resolutions. George A. Clark had just ended his paper upon “Leather, and the Effect of the Protective Tariff Upon It,” when ihe venerable James D. Hancock, of Pennsylvania, chairman of the committee, claimed the a’.tent on of the convention, and read the io.lowing declaration: "1. We hold tnat it is ths natural right of every man to freely exchange his labor or the product of his laoor to the best advantage. We declare ourselves unalterably opposed to the socailed protective system unddemand the prompt abrogation of all protective features from the tariff. "2. We believe the Amoricau nation will reach its full measure of prosperity only by enacting at the earliest day practicable such legislation as will apply the Aintiicaa principle of free trade between the States to Uie United States in its relations to the world.” Tne following supplementary resolutions accompanied the report: ~J.uxolved, That t. e Chairman shall appoint a committee of nine, which committee shall prepare an address to the public as soon as practicable, which Buall conform and be limited to tho principles in these resolutions announced. "Htibulvcd, That said committee of nine is hereby empowered and requested to perfect plans for propagating the principles in these resolutions announced and jilana tor such further organiza.ion and co-operation of existing organizations as may seem practicable and advantageous.’’ The Committee on Resolutions, about evenly made up ot pronounced free-traders and taritt-for-re\enue men, had wrestled over the abbreviate report for live hours. Each of the twen-ty-one men cn the committee had marched to the meeting at the Iroquois Club rooms with pockets stuffed full of “plans of propagauda, ’” resolutions against trusts, lulminations against protection, Ueclaratisns approving President Glove and's administration, and expressing ail the views upon tariff leiorrn from a mild modification of the present protective system to absolute froe trade. After speeding an hour in sorting over the papers ths m. mbci-s of tho committee settled down to a tussle over the real point or divergence —free trade or tariff taxes for is ten io. Henry George, Bro, nice of Michigan, Bowser of i\ew York, and Davis of Ohio were stienuous for free trade, while Chairman Hancock, Bleike of Illinois, and Lehman of lowa champioued a declaration for a modified tariff lor governmental expenses. The discussion went on until n on and was resumed at i o'clock. It was finally determined as a compromise to offer the report in two parts, so that it might be convene ntly divided. The reading over, a dozen delegates jumped ' to tneir feet and, ranging theuiseives in front of the Chairman like pickets on a fence, endea ored to catch his eye. Byron G. Stout, of Michigan, was the first picket to engage attention. “Since the last election,” said he, “1 have been convinced that the protective tariff is tho greatest fraud ever perpetrated u pon the American people. lam in lavorof no tariff at alj, and , I am in favor of all the resolutions save tue last..’’

Mr. J. B. Jones, of Chicago, came next. “I am veiy ■willing to becallel a free-trader," said he. “Ihemis ake daring tbe last campaign was that we were ashamed to be called free-traders. But I am opposed to the resolutions because they would pi event the raising of revenues by import duties.” A suggestion of dividing th 3 resolutions was agreed to. A viva-voce vote was then taken upon the first section of the resolutions. Every one was in favor of it except an individual under the balcony, who brawled "No" at the top of his voice. The debate was rdsumod upon the second part of the resolution. “I believe in raising a revenue first by taxing the luxuries,” said lvlr. Eugene M. Wilson, of Minnesota, upon obtaining recognition. “But what does this resolution mean? it mean * the takuig od liquor nnd tobacco all import duties, and lam against doing that. I believe that the adoption of the resolution would check the progress of tariff reform. What this convention ought to do is to declare for a taritf for revenue omy.” Mr. Wilson sat down amid howls of derision from the radicals and applause from the conservatives. “Yes," cried Col. C. S. Cameron of Chicago, “we are hero to oppose not a tariff for purposes of taxation but a tariff for protection. We want to take the taxes from the necessaries of life and to draw the expenses of the Government from luxuries. ” Mr. W. S. Forrest of Chicago: “I represent eleven delegates of the Iroquois Club in this convention. We cannot vote for that resolution. That means direct taxation. You said you would go with us so far as we went, and then go further. This is the time for us to stop. I want to fight under the bunuor of Grover Cleveland in 1892. You are to understand that if you adopt his resolution we do not go with you." William Gleeson of Chicago said the laboring men and mechanics of tbe country would support the boldest free trade declaration. He was not affrighted by the spec;or of direct taxation. “In my country,” shouted a man from Massachusetts, “there are thousands of men who are just hanging in the balance. I want them to come to us. The resolution will drive them back. I’m against it." The Rev. Hugh Pentecost, an independent preacher to three congrega: ions in New York and one of the striking figures of tbe convention, began to speak. "The Democratic party," said he, "tried to down the devil on a platform of tariff ‘reform’ and the devil beat them. Gentlemen, you may fight the Republicans upon that platform until you fall into your graves. The Republicans are consistent, organized, and sternly fighting for a principle. You cannot boat them by admitting the partial truth of their position. “This tariff question is not simply a question of expediency. It is a question of right and wrong. If it is right to lay a tariff it should be done. If it is wrong it should not be done. Gen. Harrison said that free-traders were men of maxims and not of markets. If he meant that we were theorists it may be as well to remind him now that theorists ha e always led the world, and not the men who peddled the markets. Ho who reads history knows that he who has a principle is always right. Let this convention strike the key-noie of the next campaign. Cleveland said ; ‘They may defeat me, but I must speak that which is in my soul.’ We may be defeated once, but the next tima we will make the right xvin ” Horace White, of New York, called the attention of the convention to the provision in the constitution which provides for tho laying of direct taxes upon the States in proportion to their population, dree 1 rode meant direct taxation, ana that could not be. 1 Mr. Croasdale, of New York, said: “I want this convention to notify the Democratic party that in this country there are men who know what they believe. We will declare the truth and ithe whole truth. We are n t responsible for the cowardice of the Democratic party.” “Leaving theories and coming to facts," said Mr. Winslow, of Wisconsin, “the delegates of the Wisconsin Tariif-Reform League who are in this convention canno vote for the resolution. It is against our constitution.” Mr Galloway, of Boston, said the convention was not political, butter the purpose of getting an opression of opinion pppn a qnesti n of principle. Others who joined in the discussion were F. W. Lehmann, of Des Moines; J. K. Boyesen, Clinton r urbish, C. S. Darrow and Gen. Leib, of Chicago; Mr. Field, of <‘hio, and C. F. McDougal. of Handforth, 111. Cries for the question were now gro ing frequent and tumultuous. Several gen I men were on the floor at once clamoring ior raco- nitiun. Motions for a postponement of the vote were made and with n. The meeting was in an uproar when Henry George pressed forward to the space in front of

the stage There vu very great cheering, but one or two adventurous opponents obje ted. Chairman Morton, however, said Mr. George might spsak. taid Mr. George: *T support this clause as a matter of principle and a matter of policy. I represent the Tree-Trade Club of New York, and I am a freetrader . Yes, I au in favor of free trade— fro! free! FREE! unrestrlc ed trade! To-day protective tariffs aro prohibited by our constitution and the only way hey are maintained is under the guise of a tariff for revenue. A protective tariff is robbery, a tariff for revenue is Swindling. We wan equity; a square basis of p iuciple upon which we can plant ourselvea We want to go before the American people and show that all tariffs are wrong. Let us sweep away all the taxes. “As a mere matter of policy I believe we ought to take this step. The free-trade fight will not go on unless we do. The Uuited States is not England. We are governed by different conditions and we must make a broad sweep. Lit us make a fight ou principle. Let the politicians make tb compromises. All we have to do is to raise the standard and carry it forward. The politicians will follow after soon enough.” The Chairman resolutely suppressed others who wanted to speak and put the question. Tremendous roars ior and against went up, the spectators, carried away by the contagious enthusiasm, joining in the clamor. “The second part of the resolution is lost," shouted the Chairman. The tariff-reform men congratulated each other, and an adjournment was voted until evening. In the evening the parterres of upturned faces rose from parquet to topmost gallery. Central Musio Hall was packed to hear Henry George. Mr. George was cheered as he took the platform. In part he said: “When I was a little boy I once asked a big man, ’How is it that people can charge themselves taxes and yet gee rich at it?’ ‘Sh! you re only showing your ignorance,’ he replieff. Everybody else was a proiec ionise, and so I became a protec ionist. 1 went to a debating society one night and in tbo talk all the arguments for free trade were bunched up together, and all at ouce the absurdity of protection flashed upon me. I was pressed to say somothiug, and, hesitatingly, I aid say: ‘Well, I was a protectionist when 1 came in diere, but I fear I am going to be a free trader.’ lama free trader. If protection is a good thing lor the United Htatos why isn’t it a good thing for a State, and if a good thing for a State why not for a county? Where are you going to stop? Why not protect the family? Why not hire your own labor, keep your own goods, and protect the ‘hone’ market? "The trading peoples have always been tho advanced! people. Trade! It is but la mode of production. Is it not trade that knits people together, breaks down prejudices, and extinguishes the vile of kindred peoples ? I am a free-trader. I glory in it because in all things i love freedom. I believe the right to freely trade is as sacred as any other right, and, as the declaration of independence says, a right is inalienable, it can never be abrogated by the edic sos kings or the laws of parliaments or congresses. To take it away, is robbery. They call protection an American system. There is nothing American about it. Tree trade is American. lam an American. 1 used to be proud ot it. Now lam tired of it. What havelwe to be proud of? Is it because we have a big country? Bid we make the country. ” He asked why it was that this country, so rich and great, so fertile and prosperous, filled with au active, hone .t people, could not compete with any in iho world? Mr. Dnrro.v said rhat the na ural vages of a man are what his strength and cuntiin ; a e able to gather from the elements or nature. Therelore, whatever adds to a man’s ener. y and skill aitiß to his wa es. The constant endeavor has been to obtain the greatest amount fer the smallest expenditure of time and strougth. This desire leads to oxchange of products, which adds to tho wages or the produce:. A protective tari.x is a tax levied on foieign goods, high enough to either keep ilieniout or to enable the home producer to ob uin more for his articles than if he sold them in the open markets of tae world. This restriction of trade reduced wages.

Captain Codman talked upon American shipping. He announced hhnseif as he man who was said to receive *s,uou a year from tue Cobden Club to oppose the tariff. Mr. J. S. Burrows of Nebraska, President of the Farmers’ National Alliance, m ide un earnest plea lor tariff reform and tax reduction, after which the convention adjourned. Thu third and last day of the convention witnessed little diminution in tLe attendance or in tue interest taken in the work ot tho conference. Mr. J. H. Raymond opened proceedings by reading the report ot the Committee on Resolutions, suomitting the following jjroposLions, with the recommendation that tuey ha considered in the order in whl ;h tbev appear: “Rewived, That the Chairman of this convention ah«ll appoint a committee of pine, which committee Hnall prepare an address to the public as soon as practicable, wh ch sball touiorm to and be limited to t. e principles in th.se resolutions announced, fecund, tue committee also submits and moves the adoption of tho following : “Re-solved, That the said committee of nine is hereby empowered and required to perfect and prosecute plans for propagating the principles in theso resolutions announced, an l plans lor such further organization and co-operation of existing organi ations as they may deem practicab e and advantageous." As first read these resolutions did not contain the words “and prosecute." but they were subsequently incorporated and the whoip adopted. Mr. Foster, of Indiana, was glad the convention had come to a point where they seemed willing to stop talking and begin sawing wood. He had been flying low, but wanted now to get to work on the practical matures. “Til. re are men here," he suid, “who have talked from the tail-boards of farm wagons and tbe exalted heights of dry-goods boxes. VVe of Indiana propose to go borne and go to work, We fougut in tho last election against the world, the flesh, Dudley, andt e devil, but we were not whipped. We won a victory, but it was stolen from us. We ought to have a report before w.< go homo." R. R. Bowker read the following resolution, which was adopted by a unanimous rising vote : “Resolver], Tnat we honor President Cleveland for his brave, manly and statesmanlike course in making tariff refoim the issue before the people ; we see in the increas -d popular majority which that issue won for him, and in the increase of his vote in the industrial centers, assurance of the earlv triumpu of ‘the people’s cause,’and we pledge ourselves to Increasing agitation until that triumph is won." Henry \v. Lamo, of Massachusetts, then addressed ibo con.ention on the subject of tho tin-plato duty. The high-tariff leaders, ho said, proposed to double the pre eat duty on tin plate, which is 1 cent per pound, or 3i percent. No tin plates are made in this country, but about 300,090 tons are imported annually. The tax paid to the UniteJ Snute-t Treasury, which does not know xvhat to do with the money, is, at ts2o per ton, §>(J,090,0 0. Tne tin-plate men advance the money, but before It comes back it has grown to .Mu,000,000. Who pays this immense sum representing dutissand interest? I don’t want to give away any trade secrets, but I tell y. u plainly that you do. Thus the grave proposilioa is to make the people pay to supply their wants at lea-t ■r'O.cOO.oOj a year more than they pay now and at least 01‘2,u0u,0;0 more than tney ought to pay In order that a few individuals may make great fortunes. Mr. Stout, of Michigan, made au (ippeal for the abolition insteado ro iuciionof tat on tin. Rev. Hugh O. Pentecost, of New York, attacked protection as a superstition, biefaciug his more format remarks, he said : “We of New York are radical freetraders. We were g'ad to have heard the ab’e and interesting donate of yesterday, for it was educational. As to the decision o? the convention, I desire to say that here whs n whins in it disturb the mefberi of the New York delegation. We are not suikers in our tents when there is work to be done.” Con.inuiug, he in part said: “Look at our splendid factories Splendid on the outside I Splendid In everything but the degradation of the worn in and children who work in them. If your protective tariff is responsible for your paiaces, it is also responsible for tbe slaves who work in them. Tne only way to treat a fetich is to insult it. If yon have the courage to insult the superstition of protection you will win the battle. President Cleveland had the courage to slap it in the faca. He did not have the courage to take au ax and chop it to pieces, or perhaps he had too much political saga Tty, but he had the courage to slap it in the face, and this convention has given the superstition a good, vigorous kick.” The full .wing geutlemen were named as the committee of nine to pr< pare nnd send out the public documents on tariff reform: Horace White, New York; J. Sterling Morton, Nebraska; David A. Wells, Connecticut; Franklin acVeagh, Illinois ; J. Q. Mnith, Ohio; Byron Stow, Michigan; E W. Judd, Massacuusett s ; Samuel E. Morse, ndiana. and Eugene Wilson, Minnesota. The committee can add to 1 s number at any time it so elects. The convention then adjourned sine die. A uleasant conclusion to the convention was

the dinner at the Palmer House on Thursday evening. Covers were laid for 2-0. Mr. Morton, the permanent chairman of the convention, presided at the feast. Near him sat Gen. Walter Newberry, Mr. James B. Kavmond, E. Burritt Smith, aud Robert D. McFadon, Chicago men; Byron G. Stout, Michigan; the Rev. Hugh O. Pentecost. New York; Aretas W. Thomas, Texas, and others from abroad. Mr, Morton's acceptance of the Chairmanship bad ser red in a fashion to bottle his eloquence during the exciting debates. He made a hit as toastmaster. “Acorns are on tho free list of the Senate bill," said he, when the board was cleared, “it is a great consolation to us who live on the treeless plains to kuow it. It is a step in the rigut direction. Our descendants, I suppose, four or five hundred years hence, snail sit under th ■ shade of noble oaks. I was in Mexico a few weeks ago. A stage driver named fluttering Joe drove me into a little mining town—a mere bunch ot tent* —named San Marco. I had for supper the only eggs in the oiggin s. Stuttering Jos came in as I p.oked my teeth. “ ‘What did you have for supper, Joe?" called out a comrade; ‘broiled ohickeu, eh?’ “ ‘N-n-o, but I had the u-next th-th-thing to it. The m-man b-before me had eggs.’ "We may not have free lumber, but we have the next best thing—free acorns," added Mr, Morton. “There is a duty on salt of 12 cents a hundred in packages aud 8 cents a hundred in bulk. Tbe only salt now on the free list I believe is Capt. Cod man." After a neat little speech from Capt. Codman Mr. Lewis Post, one of the New Yorkers and a single-tax man, talked. “We would not be with you here to-night if we did not think that the Democratic party was gradually coming into line not only for free trade but for our peculiar ideas.” Mr. Post said he- oould not leave without explaining in some degree his position. He did so, aud in closing said: “My little girl wound up her prayer the morning I left New York with ‘Good-by, God, were goin’ to Chicago.’ I feel like savin.-.’, in leaving Chicago to-nignt: ‘Good-by, Goa.’ * Mr. R. R. Bowkor, and the Rev. Hugh O. Pentecost, of the New Yorx party, briefiy referred to the pleasure they had experienced in the convention and to the hoDeful future of tariff reform.

Mr. Owen Lovejoy, of Princeton, 111., was called for. He said : “I suppose all of you, like myself, supported Grover Cleveland on the issue of tariff reform, and I am not sorry for it. Giover Cleveland did not go btekward. I do mg kuow wuether the Democratic party is going backward or not, but 1 want to say that ii tho Democratic party does go backward some other party will arise to carry the cause of fro» trade forward. Let us write on our banner, ‘No footsteps backward,’aud as sure ns justice will eventually prevail, we ahull triumph In the assertion of tne doctrine in which we believe.” Hon. Byron G. Stout, of Miobigan, made one of ths best speeches of tbeovmmg. Ho said, among other things: “Andrew Carnegie has written a book entitle!, ‘Triumphs of Democracy.' Strauge book to be written by a protectionist, for the tiiumpns of Democracy have been in spite of tho protection thnt has weighed us down as with a weight unbearuole. What we are to-day, and wliat v. e hojK) to bo in our progress of the future, has been in spite of those weights that ha\e stood in the way and path of our progress. It is noticeable that tho groat jirogress of tho world is ou a usual line of latitude, and wo a o upon that latitude of progress. We see tho growth of those elements of power, and the cevolopmeut of them in the Western trade of tlio old wr.rld, wnicu lias i otn drawn and plant d hr power in our own world. Wo see the great wheel of prog, ress from the Atlantic to tho Pacific, in ttie valley of ths Mississippi, tho valley of the bieirus—all filled with tho enterprise of active men, and to-day the great lino of traffic and travel and progress is turning southward, and it is beating against the Pacific slope, and it runs througn nil that channel that separates tho two oceans, as well as tho channel that connects the two continents. The restless tide of etnpiie is m ivlng.

“If I may be permittoil to speak pro vlueially, I would say there are few States in our Union that have a more thriving industry than has the State of Michigan. We have our lumber and onr salt, our wheat and our wool, our iron and cur copper, almost unbounded in supply, and jet from the simple fact, that we cannot manufacture that copper and that iron here as cheaply aa across the water, we onlv set the profit <n the first sale of the raw material. W'e wish a different policy inaugurated; but onr pubffo men nre chained to that idol of protection. We have two Senators in Congress, botli of th3m monopolists, both great Jumbor men, but ta etiously I will say thut one of them has promised, in tbo interests of tho developments of agriculture, to send next year to Italy, and proposes .o transplant macaroni plants, to grow macaroni in Michigan. This is in the interest of protection.”