Democratic Sentinel, Volume 10, Number 49, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 7 January 1887 — Page 6

FAREWELL TO LOGAN.

Impressive Services Over the Dead Statesman in the Senate Chamber. His Civil and Military Career Eloquently Eulogized by Rev. Dr. Newman. The Remains Escorted to Rock Creek Cemetery by a Long Procession. Solemn and impressive funeral services over the remains of Senator Logan were held in the Senate Chamber at Washington on the last day of the year. There was a great throng of people present. The Rev. Dr. Newman preached the funeral sennon. The President was not able to Attend, but Mrs. Cleveland was present, as well as the members of the Cabinet and their wives. All the branches of the Government were represented. Among the pall-bearers were General Sherman, ltoscoe Conkling, Postmaster General Vilas, Fred D. Grant, and Senator Stanford. To the bugler's soft good-night strain, just as •darkness wap gathering, the remains of the •civilian soldier were consigned to the vault, under a guard of army comrades, by the family of Gen. Logan. It was a soldier s burial, but without the pageantry of war. The cemetery which bad been chosen for temporary interment lies under the shadow of the hohliers’ Home. Thither the casket was borne, under military escort, from the Capitol down the broad avenue through which one summer’s day more than twenty years ago Gen. Logan had led (io.oOJ men. fresh from the field of war, to their final disbandment. After the honors due General Logan's public career had been rendered in the chamber where ho sat for fourteen years as a Benator from Illinois, about the vault in Rock Creek Cemetery gathered the official representatives of that State, Governor Oglosby and fltalf. With these mingled Congressional representatives—not alone from Illinois but from every part of the Union—as well as those from other branches of the Government, the Cabinet, the judiciary, the army, and the navy. There, too, gathered brothors in Masonic ties and those In whose presence was reflected tho sorrow of the great mass of tho private citizens of Gen. logan's city and State. More impressive than .all was the mingling of the tears of the old soldier comrades with the tears of the bereaved family. As the funeral cortege wound its way through tho enow-covered mounds of the beautiful cemetery tho uir was filled with sleet, and rain, and snow. About the white marble vault in which wore to be placed the remains had been banked countless flower emblems. Standing near the head of the casket, Department Chaplain Swallow began to read the burial service of the Grand Army of the Republic. The scene was very impressive. Surrounding the casket stood members of the Cabinet, Senators, Representatives, army officers of high rank, and gr y-haired veterans of the war, with uncovered heads, while in a low but distinct voice the chaplaiu read the simple but solemn service. When he had finished, Rev. Dr. Newman stepped forward and,, in an impressive manner, delivered the Lord’s prayer, and •concluded with the benediction. The band began to play softly as the pall-bearers stepped forward and bore the cusket into the vault. Sounds of lamentation were heard from the mourners’ carriage. A trumpeter standing at -the entrance of tho tomb raised the instrument to his lips and broke the d ad silence with "taps" (lights out). The casket was then uncovered, and some of tho dead Senator's relatives and friends passed through the entrance and took a last look at his features. After a few moments tho cover was replaced, and the case inclosing the casket fastened with thumb-screws. Meanwhile many military organizations had taken up their hornewaid march, the carriages following rapidly, •with the exception of that occupied by Mrs. Logan and her son, which remainod long enough to enable her to give some directions to Deputy Sergeant-at-arms Christie regarding the disposition of some of tho flowers. The remainder of the floral decorations were then conveve.l to the tomb, completely covering tho casket, the key grated in the iron door, and the illustrious dead was left in solitude. After tho ceremonies at tho tomb were over Deputy Hergeant-ata-rms Christie called upon Gen. Hunt, ■governor of the Soldiers’ Home, and suggested tho propriety of having a guard of honor over the remains. Gon. Hunt at once called for volunteers from the residents of the homo, and in short time a number of the veterans responded to the invitation. The volunteer guard will be maintained day and night in two-hour watches until a forco of regular soldiers is detailed for guard duty by the Secretary of War. On the day of the funeral solemn momorial meetings were held by citizens and Grand Army posts at various places throughout the country.

Logan’s Character Eulogized.

XErtract from Rev. Dr. Newman’s funeral oration.] Some men have the flower of language; Logan tmct the flower of thought. He had the eloquence of logic, and could raise metaphor into argument. He resembled not so much the beautiful river whose broad stream winds through rich and varied scenery, but that which cuts a Seep and rapid channel through rugged rocks and frowning wilds, leaving the impress of Its power on the land through which it passes, which but for it would remain desolate and barren. His was not the music of She organ, with its varied stops and mingling harmonies, but rather the sound of the "trumpet, Waxing louder nnd louder, piercing the ca eras of the e rth ai.d resouu ing through the encircling heavens. It is a venerable saying of Scrii* ture that the “day of a man’s death is hotter than the day of his birth" When, in the stillness of the holy Sabbath, his noble soul left our presence, Logan was the foremost statesman of ilie mighty West, and bercaiter, and forever, Illinois will have her illustrious trinity of national greatness : Lincoln, greatest of statesmen; Grant, greatest of professional soldiers : L> gun, greatest of volunteer Generals productd by this country. But wherein consists that strange charm of his personality that falls upon our spirits to-day like a holy enchantment? Whence the magic spell of his presence? Whence the secret of tae power of that one life upon 50,00 ,000 of people? Is it sufficient to say that his parentage was honorable; that his intellect was rich in its acquired treasures; that he was the foremost statesman,of the West? Is it sufficient to say that he was a great soldier, who proved himself equal to every command; that he was never defeated; that he defeated defeat and achieved victory when all suemed lost; that from Belmont to Atlanta, and from Savannah lo When, at the head of the victorious Army of the Tennessee, he marched through the avenues of the capital of a redeemed country, he gave evidences of his martial prowess? We must look, deeper and search with keener insight for tho secret of hiH immense power over his country. His* was a changeless sincerity. He was never in masquerade. He was transEarent to a fault. He had, a window in his eart. He was never in disguisP. He was as you saw him. , , Never did geometrician bring proposition and demonstration in closer proximity than was the correspondence between Logan’s character ■and his appearance. He was Logan every time. His was the soul of honor. He had an innate contempt for everything low, mean, intriguing. He was an open and an honorable foe. He had a triple courage, which imparted to him immense strength. His physical bravery knew no ■fear. His moral heroism was sublime. But above these was the courage of his intellect. Some men have brave souls in cowardly bodies. The cheek of others is never blanched by physical danger, but few rise to the highest form of courage. 1 ogttn never committed treason against his intellect. He thought for himself and spoke what .He thought H was loyal t > his owqconclusion. Friendship could not deter him ; enem es could not make him afraid. A great name could not daunt him. He had more caution than was accorded to him, but It was the caution of intellectual coi rage. He was the soul of honesty. He lived in times of great corruption, when the ■trongest men of both parties fell, cither i lasted by public exposure or by ignorant denunciation. But Logan was untouched. He was

above suspicion. The smell of fire was not on his garments. Others made fortunes out of the blood of their country, but after five years in war and twenty-five years in Congressional life Logan was poor in purse but rich in a good name, To his only sou, who bears the image and name of his honored father, he could have left ill-gotten fortune, but he left him that which is far above rubies. Like Aristides, Logan can say: “These hands . are clean.” He had a self-abnegation which asked no other reward than the consciousness of dutv done. Lovaltv to duty was his standard of manhood. When another was appointed to tho command which his merit-i and victories entitled h’lii to have he did not sulk in bis tent of disapointment, but fought on for the cause which was dearer than promotion. When duty demanded the exposure of corruption in his own party he preferred his country to partisan ties When he was convinced that a distinguished officer was unworthy of a nation’s confidence he did not hesitate to incur the displeasure of friends and nunciation of enemies. When in 186‘2 his friends in Illinois urged him to leave the army and reenter Congress he made this reply; “No; I am a soldier of this republic, so to remain changeless and immutable until her last and weakest enemy shall have expired and passed away. X have entered the field, to die if need be for this Government, and never expect to return to peaceful pursuits until the ouject of this war of preservation has become a fact established. Should fate so ordain it I will esteem it as the highest privilege a just dispenser can award to shed the last drop of blood in my veins for the honor of that flag whose emblems are justice, liberty, and truth, and which has been, and, as I humbly trust in God, ever will be for the right ’’ There were times when his ardent temperament mastered his self-control. He was a sensitive, high-spirited, cbivalric soul. He had pride of character, and j>ower of passion. He knew his power, but he was a stranger to vanity. His passionate nature was intense. His emotional being resembled the ocean. The passions of love, joy, hope, desire, grief, hatred, and anger were strong to him. He could love like a woman, sport like a child, hope like a saint; His grief was intense, his hatred inveterate. His anger burned like a mountain on fire. Ho alternated between profound calms and furious storms. His calms were like embowered lakes, their placid bosoms mirroring the overhanging foliage of the grassy banks. His agitations were like mountain torrents, leaping, dashing, thundering down their rugged courses, sweeping gll before them. When composed the ocean of his emotions was so placid that a little child might sail his boat thereon, but when agitated the great deep was troubled, the heavens growled, thunder answered thunder. The ethereal fires gleamed and burned, wave mounted wave, and whole armaments wero scattered before tbe fury of tho storm. This is the key to the warmth of his friendship and the bitterness of his enmity. Logan’s Courtship and Marriage. [Murphysboro (Ill.) Cor. Chicago Tribune.] Mrs. Logan is a woman of national note, and this not only because of her being the wife ot the distinguished General, but more because of her own wonderful talents in shaping and forwarding the aims of her husband. Mrs. Mary Siimnerson Logan, tho eldest child of Capt. John M Cunningham, was born in 1838. Her parents moved from Doone County, Missouri, to Williamson County, Illinois, when she was but fifteenroonths old, and settled in Marion. Hero other ohildren wore born to Capt. Cunningham. Next j to Mary was Hannah. When Hannuh'grew up she married M. C. Campbell, one of a prominent family of early settlers. Hannah died early in the Ws, and Mr. Campbell subsequently married C.vreue, a younger Bister, who is his present wife. Mr. Campbell owns a flourishing store in Marion, 111, and has a comfortable dwelling-house a few doors off. The present Mrs, Campbell is ten years younger than her sister, Mrs. Logan, and is a slight and graceful little woman. Mr. Campbell is sturdy and intelligent, a successful business man and furmor, and an active Democratic politician. ‘ When John —General Login:, I mean - first met sister Mary,’’ said Mrs. Campbell, in the course of a chat, “John was about 19, and sister a little thing of 7 or 8.. It was at tho time John was going with father to the Mexican war. You see, father had been Sheriff of this county several years, and was Representative in the Legislature in 1844 and 1845, or thereabouts. He was well acquainted witn Alexander M. Jenkins, who had been in the Legislature, also, ami who was a very prominent lawyer. Mr. Jenkins was young Logan’s uncle. John had tried to enlist for the Mexican war in his own county—Jackßon County—but tho company was made up without him. Theh he raised some men himself and got a letter from his uncle, Mr. Jenkins, to my father, Capt. Cunningham, who was raising a company here in Williamson County. Father had served in the Black Hawk war, and when the call came for troops for Mexico he at once set to work. Capt. Hampton, who had also fought in the Black Hawk war, was also raising a company in this county, Williamson County having promised two companies. Father hail his company filled when John got hero, but Capt. Hamptou had only forty-three men. In tho letter John had Mr. Jenkins asked father to get John a Captaincy if possible, and in any ease to do what he could for nim. John had thirtyseven men with him—all young follows like himself whom he had gathered in Jbickson County. Father said it would not look woll to givX) John the post of Captain—John was a stripling of IS), and quite slender and young-looking—-because he was too young, and that Captain Hampton, who was an old Boldier, should have the post. It was then agreed that John’s thirtyseven men should go into Capt. Hampton’s company and John be mode First Lieutenant. Sister Mary, who, I say, was then a little thing of 7 or 8, was w nderfully bright, and father was terribly proud of her. She was the smartest girl at the school. While the companies were getting ready to march John stopped sometimes at father's an i sometimes at Mr Campbell’s. One day father had Mary on his knee when John came in,and father says, in the joking way ho had: ‘John, if you distinguish yourself in the war, I don’t know but what I’ll let you marry Mary here*; Some jokes passed about Mary being John Logans sweetheart, and some months later, when father and John were with their regiment in Mexico, and father got a letter from Mary, he gave it to John to read, saying; ‘Here’s a letterifrorn your sweetheart, John.’ “Father and John were musj:ered out together in 1847,"continued Mrs Campbell. "John went to studying law, and father, who had been made very poor by the war, soon afterward went to California to dig for gold—that was the time ot the gold fever. While father was gone Mary was a great'belp to mother', helping her to support the family Mary did tho household work and helped the neighbors, and sewed at night and attended school daytime—and though only nine or ten years old, was tho best worker ever was. Lather came back from California no better off than when he went away, but soon afterward was appointed Registrar of the Land Office at Sbawneetown. We moved there in 1852. Meantime John had been made Prosecuting Attorney, and moved to Benton about the same time we weut to Shawneetown. An old friend of John's, Samuel K. Casey, lived at Benton, and induced John to go there so as to be near the center of his judicig.l district. John used to come to Shawueetown in his regular court circuit, and I guess always had his oye on Mary, though she wai only 14 or 15. Father was Clerk- of the Court and some other things beside Land Office Registrar, and Mary helped him in his In 1833 Mary was sent to St. Vincent Convent in Kentucky—we were all Protestants, but this was the only place in the country where girls could get advanced education — and she staid at tho convent. I think two years, ot nearly that. She might have ‘‘ Btaid longer if she hadn't got lovesick. 1 saw in some paper that Mary graduated at this convent-well, she didn’t. She didn’t stay long enough. She could have gradpat d if she had waited, but she was in a liurfcy to marry John Logan. Johp saw her duri. g vacations and holidays—ho had a good deal of busine-s in Shawneetown those times. Probably he was as much in Shawneetown as he was at homo in Benton. Mary was only 16 when John said to lather one day: ‘Captain you promised to j ive me Mary, ana I expect you will be a man of your word. I want to marry her.’ Of course, Mary was the applri of father’s eye, and was rather young for marriage anyt.ow; but as Mary wanted to marry John, and as John wanted to marry Mary, the wedding came bff within three months. “Tliey were married at father’s house in Shaweietown. W. J. Allen, known ns ‘Josh’ Allen, and now as Judge Allen, .who moved to Springfield a cofiple of years ago, and who was John s partner in the law business for a while, was best man, and M ss Ann Hall, now Mrs. Dojjbs of Mount Vernon, wan hridemaid." Mary, I remember, wore a beautiful lavender silk dress, and looked as pretty as a picture-’’„

RUN TO EARTH.

“Jim Cummings” and Fire Others Arrested for the Great Express Robberj Near St. Louis. . One of the Most Brilliant Pieces of Detective Work Ever Recorded. How the Various Clews Were Made to Fit with Mathematical Accuracy. [From the Chicago Daily NeWs.l On the night of October 25, between tho hours Of B:3J and midnight, the Adams Express car which left St. Louis for San Francisco, laden with one of the most valuable treasures carried during the year, was robbed of nearly $50,000 in cash. Mr. Wm. A. Pinkerton has given a detailed i.ccount of the manner in which the case was worked up by the detective agency of the Western division, of which he is the chief. Of the five men now under arrest for the crime, four have borne the reputation of being reputable business men. The news of the robbery had no sooner reached St. Louis and Chicago than Mr. L. C. Weir. Manager of the Adams Express Company, placed the matter in the hands of the Pinkertons. The man who overpowered Messenger Fotheringham and rifled the car left the train at Pacific Junction, a small station thirty-six miles from set Louis. Detectives were sent out on the trains from that station, and soon obtained a description of the man. The Pinkertons then secured a list of the employes, past and present, of the express company. Among those who had been discharged was W. W. Haight, who had formerly been on the run between I'risco Junction and Vinita, on which the robbery had been committed. It was also learned that he had been acquainted with I'otheringham. It was learned that he had resided in Chicago, at 243 Huron street, with his wife’s aunt. He had changed his residence, nowever, but the detectives finally ascertained that he had lived with a family named Williams, at 72 Arbor place, and that on Oct. 27 he hod left that place, saying he was going to Florida. A day later his wife received a letter containing money, and immediately afterword she prepared to leave, reporting that she was going to Leavenworth, where her aunt was dying. Among the men whom Haight had worked for in Chicago were Fred Wittrock, a coal dealer at 727 West Lake street, and Thomas Weaver, the proprietor of a laundry at No. 753 on the same street. F’rom these facts the detectives deprived their first clew. Thev learned that Wittrock and Weaver had left Chicago on the 12th of the month, saying they were going to Kansas to look for land and to hunt. They took with them two sochels and two fowling-pieces. The description of Wittrock tallied with that of the description of the robber furnished by Messenger Fotheringham. Weaver returned to Chicago on October 22.

In the meantime Fotheringham was making statements, in all of which he d< elated his innocence. He said the robber, who had told him his name was “Jim Cummings," would exonerate him. Then came the first of the celebrated “Jim Cummings” letters. “Early last January,” said Cummings In the letter, I started out with a d——d poor partner to see if we couldn’t make a stake by holding up an express car. My partner backed out, and I went to Ohio, where I met a man named Tom Raiffe, who had once been an express messenger on the run between St. Louis and Vinita. I learned the name of the routo agent, John D. Barrett, and conceived the plan of counterfeiting the headings of the express company.” Cummings then went into the details and told how the robbery was committed, taking great care to shield Fotheringham from any blame. From this letter the detectives gathered several clews. They knew that Wittrock and Haight were acquainted ; that Haight had been a messenger on the run mentioned, and that no such man as Tom Raiffe had ever worked for tho company. The detectives secured in Chicago a number of bills which Wittrock had made out in his coal business and forwarded them to St. Louis. Experts decided that the Jim Cummings letters and the coal bills were written by the same man. The only difference was that the bills were made out in a flowing hand, while the letter was in backhand. In a letter Cummings had told about a skiff which would be found up the Missouri river a few miles from St. Charles. He also told of a package which he had left in the express office, with|the Intention of showing that Fotheringham had no connection with the robbery. The detectives found the skiff as described, fully provisioned as if for a fishing trip. They also obtained good descriptions of the men who had bought the skiff at St. Charles. Oct. 14. One of the persons was described in a manner to correspond with the alleged robber, according to Fotheringham’s story, andjalso tojsuggest Wittrock to the minds of those who knew him in Chicago. The description of the smaller man tallied with that of Weaver. The most important clew was the fact that two gunß were found in the skiff. When the reports of the detectives reached headquarters in Chicago it was remembered that Weaver and Wittrock left on the 12th, each carrying a gun. Weaver from this on was shadowed, but no trace could be obtained of Wittrock. The package left in the express office and mentioned in Cummings’ letter was found to consist of several rolls of cheap street ballads. On one was scribbled, as if for a memorandum, “2103 Chesnut street.” Inquiry at that address in St. Louis revealed that two men had rented a room there on the 18th. Each carried a valise. The nouse was kept by a Mrs. Berry, and she. her son, and her daughter gave descriptions which closely corresponded to those in the possession of the Pinkertons. A few days later the detectives visited Mrs. Berry. She rewarded them by turning over a lead seal of the Adums Express Company, and several express togs which she found in the room occupied by the strangers. The smaller man left on the 21st. Weaver returned to Chicago on the 22d. While at Mrs. Berry’s the large man received mail addressed to “Mr Williams ” On the 25th (the night of the robbery) this man left Mrs. Berry’s, saying he was going to Kansas City. It was away into the latter part of November when the detectives had pro ressed thus far in their search for the robbers. The antecedents of Wittrock were ascertained. His mother lived in Leavenworth, and the family was in high standing. His mother had loaned him $1,700 with which to go into business in Chicago. Huight’s family consisted of a wife and one child. He had located in Nashville, Tenn., where he was conducting business as a roofing contractor. Mr. Berry and his sister were brought to Chicago, and identified Weaver as the man who had stopped at their house in St. Louis in compfcny with the tall man. It was decided to let Weaver alone and wait for Wittrock to show up. During the work it was developed that one Oscar Cook, of Kansas City, but formerly of Leavenworth, had been a chum of Wittrock. An operative sent to shadow him reported that he had suddenly grown wealthy, and made frequent trips out of the city, although he was working at his trade of cooper. It was also noted that the “Jim Cummings” letters were always mailed from places at which Cook had been, and on the days he had been there. The lines were now growing closer, and the work centered on Chicago. Wittrock’s house, 10 Lincoln street, had been shadowed for almost a month when, on last Tuesday night, the Pinkerton man was astonished to see another shadow appear and parade up and down before the house several times. A few minutes later a tall man slipped along the street and dodged into the house. In the meantime Ed Kinney, a brother-in-law of Wittrock, left for Quincy, HI., closely attended by a Pinkerton agent. There he went on a drunk, and on Wednesday he received two telegrams which greatly excited him. He went into a billiard ball, and hanging his coat on a nail began playing billiards. While he was dripking at thp bar the Pinkerton man slipped the telegrams from his pocket and read them. They were as follows • “Come home at once. F. Is here.” “Come home at once. Fred has returned-.” Both were signed “Rose Wittrock.” Thursday night Robert and William Pinkerton rented a room near Wittrock’s house. In order to divert snspiolon William represented himself as a proof-reader on the morning edition of the Daily News, while Robert was employed in a

similar capacity on tho afternoon edition of the Daily A eus. Thus they explained why one was always leaving when the otber was jnst arriving. A close watch was kept on the Uouse, and at 3 a m. Friday it was feared that tbe big man (Wittrock) had slipped away. Robert and his assistants came on duty at 6 o'clock. At 9 o'clock Kinney came out of the coal office and went to Wittroek's house. A few moments later he appeared with Weaver, and, after giving a signal, started down the street. Ten minutes later tbe big man, who was none other than Wittrock, came out. Robert Pinkerton signaled his detectives teat he recognized him and that the men were to be arrested i»t once. Kinney and Wittrock went into Spar boro Bios, saldon, near Madison and Lincoln streets, Weaver having turned back. The next moment Kinney also stepped , down the street. Mr. Pinkerton and his detectives entered the saloon and found Wittrock talking to the man who had been seen shadowing his house for him. As soon as Wittrock saw the three officers enter he started to walk out. Pinkerton stopped him and Wittrock started back as if to draw a revolver. The next moment two detectives sprang forward witn drawn revolvers and Wittrock threw up his hands. His friend, the shadow, was also placed under arrest. In Wittrock’s pockets were found two 44-caliber revolvers. He had jnst SllO on his person. Half an hour later Kinney returned and was promptly arrested. A roll of SI,OOO in greenbacks was found in Weaver’s pocket, and around his waist was a belt made of four woolen stockings. In each stocking was SI,OOO in bills. The prisoners were taken to Pinkerton’! agency on Fifth avenue. At one o’clock in the afternoon Weaver was arrested while entering the coal-yard. He made a desperate resistance. Wittrock’s house was then searched, and Mrs Wittrock placed under arrest. After some difficulty the officers obtained from her a flannel skirt which was literally lined with greenbacks. There was 51,900 in cash and a valuable diamond- Weaver’s house was also searched, and $3,000 was found dt ne up in wrappers and buried in fruit-jars under the house. There is still 540,0j0 missing. Cook and Haight have been arrested, and the Pinkertons say they have a sure case against all the persons concerned.

French Fashions Years Ago.

It appears that the rage gaudy finery which nowadays is the curse of the middle and lower classes is one of the outcomes of the present century to which the fashions of times past form a striking contrast. This is well set forth in a work on *Les Bourgeois d’Autrefois,” by M. A. Babeau, in which the author describes at great length the fashions of the middle classes. In the seventeenth century, he says, scholars were easily recognized by their dress, which differed from that of the merchant and nobleman. People of the lower middle classes had, as a rule, three suits of clothes—one for winter, another for summer, and a third for mourning. The different suits were put on at a certain date each year; their summer garments were worn from May 15 to the end of October, and the rest of the year winter dress was worn. Mourning was always worn for several years. Every suit was first worn on one side, then turned, and finally it was cut up for ga ments for children. The sword, originally only worn by nobles, was soon assumed by the middle classes, in many places, unfortunately, not as an ornament, but as a necessary weapon. On the whole, the middle classes were very modest in their apparel, with the one exception that their wigs were very expensive. The coiffure of women was mostly more sensible than that of men. At the time of Mme. de Sevigne and Mme. Pompadour no high chignons were worn by the women of the people, but the hair was simply arranged under caps, bows, or hoods. The colors mostly worn by these classes were brown and gray, and even shortly before the revolution no woman from the provinces dared to wear white ribbons, and even colored ones were looked upon as eccentric. At the age of 45 the woman assumed a matronly dress, avoiding light colors and a youthful cut to her dress. As a characteristic of the last two centuries M. Babeau points out that men’s dress was much more costly than women’s, and that, contrary to our present system, the wealth of a family was displayed in the husband’s or father’s apparel.

Something About Dolls.

Dolls are by no means a modern invention. Dolls of baked clay, of wood, and of other things, have been found in Egypt, in tombs, where they.have lain buried since before the time of Christ. Dolls are now much more carefully made than they were in former times, and a great deal of skill is needed in their manufacture. In the little town of Sonneberg, in Germany, hundreds of thousands of dolls are manufactured every year. Most of the dolls are made out of papier mache, but many fine ones are made with wax or china heads. All dolls of the same size which have like faces are made in one mold, and there have to be as maay molds as there are different kinds of faces. It takes thirty or forty persons to make a single doll, as each workman does only one thing. In Japan, children have every year what is called a “feast of dolls.” This is held only on one day of the year, at which time all the dolls that ha\o belonged to the family are brought out from the safe places where they are usually kept, and put upon tables with many k.nds of playthings. Sometimes there are more than a hundred dolls, some of which are dark with age, for often dolls two hundred years old are shown at this feast. They are dressed in all sorts of ways, some like, court ladies and gentlemen, and some like common ladies and gentlemen. Some of these dolls are very small, and some are as large as a little girl. Tbe feast of dolls lasts only one day, yet the toys are shown for many days, t Dolls used by East Indian children are very different from any in this country. 'they are made of wood painted with different colors. } aoh doll has a baby in its arms, and is fixed to a wooden block so that it can stand up. , The clothes are only painted ones, its arms are not jointed, and the only thing "that can be tak&a off is tbe bead, which is fastened intoHhe body with a peg. Common wooden jointed dolls are made mostly in Germany by poor people, who whittle them out by hand. —Young Folks’ Cyclopedia:

LEGAL DECISIONS.

Contingent Fees—Before the American Bar Association, in the report of committee, Judge "Wright said: “The temptation to dishonest practices and the use of ‘ unprofessional shifts and devices ’ are strong enough where the retainer and services are upon a contingency; and to allow the attorney, under any circumstam es, to advance and become liable for costs and expenses tends to pollute the whole fountain, and he becomes the interested practitioner and not the true and noble advocate. We have enough of contingent retainers—attorneys standing in the way of clients agreeing with their adversaries, because of their struggle to make illegitimate gain. If the atterney will make a champertous agreement, since, of course, the i lient makes the retainer with full knowledge, I would have it, when disclosed, operate to dismiss and forever bar plaintiff’s cause of action, or the claim if preferred by defendant. A large per cent, of our litigation is set on foot and c ontinued by reason of those iniquitous champertous arrangements, to the detriment of the public interest and the reproach of the bar and our judicial system. ountenance and prevent these in all ways possible.” The Albany Law Times, commenting on the foregoing, suggests that the speculating attorney be made liable for costs. “As the law now stands,” it says, “the attorney is a substantial party with no liability, and the party of record is almost always irresponsible. Let these ‘ charitable ’ gentlemen not have their good deeds concealed, but compel them to disclose their interest to the jury, and in case of their defeat let them pay the piper.” Statute of Limitations—ln a suit to determine what constitutes an extension of time by a creditor so as to discharge a surety, it was held: 1. That a mortgage given to secure a note is a mere incident thereto, and a payment on the latter whi h has the effeJt to prolong the time within whi h a suit may be brought thereon has the same effect on tbe former. 2. That payment on a debt evidenced by a note and secured by a mortgage under se. tion 2*5 of tho Code of C. P. is a payment on the latter as well as the former, and marks the point of time in the one < ase as well as the other, from which the statute of limitation runs. H. Thatamortgageor of property to secure the note of another is so far a surety for such other, and a payment by the maker of the note has the same effect on the mortgage as if the mortgageor was a joint maker of the note. (L. H. Allen vs. Eliza O’Lonald; U. S. Circuit Court, Dist. of Oregon.) , Statute of Frauds—" Where a contract of guaranty is entered into contemporaneously with the principal contract, and is either incorporated in the latter or so distinctly refers to it as to show that both agreements are parts of an entire transa tion, the statute of frauds does not require a consideration to be expressed in the guaranty distinct from that expressed in the principal contract. This principle applies to a contra t embodied in a written lease. In such case the <. onsideration of the guaranty is apparent upon the face of the whole agreement, and that is enough. (Highland vs. Dresser; Supreme Court of Minnesota.) Sale—“ Give or Take” —An offer by one partner to give a certain sum for the other partner’s interest in the firm, or to sell his own interest for the same sum, concluding with the words, “the party purchasing to give suffic.ent security for the payment of company indebtedness and- for purchase price,” whi, h offer was accepted by the other partner “to sell, on the terms mentioned,” was held not to be a complete sale, and that the first offer was only one of the steps leading to a sale, which contemplated that parties Should meet and complete the transaction. (Gates vs. Nelles; Supreme Court of Michigan.) Sealed Verdict —It is competent for parties to stipulate for the non-attend-ance of jurors when a sealed verdict is opened and read in "open court. .ut a mere agreement for a sealed verdict does not have that effect nor deprive the parties of the right to have the ,',ury polled. (St. Louis, Terre Haute and Yandalia Hailroad Company vs. Christopher Faitz; Appellate Court, Fourth District of Illinois.)

Wouldn’t Have It.

Physician—You are a very sick man, Colonel, and I’m going to prescribe for you. let me see—five drops of capsicum in a gill of water. You will take ” Tbe Colonel (interrupting)—Another bath, is it? Physician—Oh, no. This is to be taken internally. You will take ” The Colonel (again interrupting)— Never, Do tor, never. Physician— But you must. The Colonel (emphatically)— Never, sir! Do you want to kill me ? Confound it, sir, I haven’t taken that much water in my whole life! . nd then the Colonel turned his face to the wall and defiantly whistled “Old Kentucky Home.” —Pittsburgh Dispatch.

Buoyant Suits for Seaman.

A Norwegian engineer, W. C. Mol? ler. has fouud that reindeer hair an<l skin possess remarkable buoyancy, and when the unshorn shin is used as a lifebelt it has the advantage over cork of warriiiog the wearer while in the water. He attributes great Value to suits made from reindeer hair, one of whi h of the weight of a pound may keep a man from drowning, while it furnishes greater protection from cold than oil skin and other materials.