Democratic Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 43, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 27 November 1885 — Page 2

uljc DtmocraticSentMiel RENSSELAER, INDIANA. J. W. McEWEN. - - - Publish®

NEWS CONDENSED.

■i Concise Record of the Week. EASTERN. A Pittsburgh company announces an improvement by which Beeseiner steel can be made equal in quality to crucible steel at onetenth the price. The process is one of uniform carbonization of the spiegel and molten iron in the ladle. The IJon. Henry W. Sage has given to Cornell University $60,000 to endow a professorship of ethics and moral philosophy, in memory of his deceased wife. At a meeting of representatives of the Miners’ Amalgamated Association of Schuylkill County, Pa., the proceedings show that no strike is intended, though it was resolved to oppose any further reduction in the price of labor, and not to work more than ten hours a day.

William Heath, the well-known New York broker who recently failed, was arrested in that city on G. P. Morosini’s suit to recover $460,000. The bail required was sso,ooo,which Mr. Heath could not furnish, and he was taken to Ludlow Street JaiL He was much affected by the disgrace. Harriman won in the seventy-five-hour walking contest at Auburn, N. Y., making 304 miles. The surplus in the New York banks is on the increase. It now amounts to $27,W 9,263. The total exports of specie from New York during the last week were $402,050. The imports during the week were $2,811,542.

Bev. Henry Ward Beecher, in a sermon to the memory of H. B. Claflin, stated that the dead merchant left $1,000,000 to private charities. The imports of general merchandise at New York during the week were valued at $5,734,705, and the imports of dry goods at $1,241,107. Robert Garrett has signed a contract for ninety-nine years with the Staten Island Rapid Transit Company, by which the Baltimore aiftl Ohio Road can reach the port of St. George and transfer its passengers and freight to the Battery in New York by steamers. A bridge six hundred feet long, to cost s3lK>,ooo, will bo built at Elizabeth. The arrangement is to be in operation by Juno next.

WESTERN.

Joseph C. Mackin, the Chicago bal-lot-box staffer, was taken to Joliet and entered on the service of his five years’sentence for perjury. He was dressed in convict clothes and ticketed No. 7339. Just a year and a day elapsed between the commission of the crime and the transfer to the penitentiary. Nine men, including two murderers, escaped from jail at Greenville, Ohio, by removing the sheet-iron flooring. The Attorney General of Kansas proposes .to proceed against the owners of one hundred and sixty saloon buildings in Leavenworth, and threatens to close every liquor shop in the State before stopping to rest, ’• Fire destroyed the County Infirmary near Sandusky, Ohio, five women perishing in the flames. The Superintendent was fatally injured. A Special Agent of the Indian Bureau finds that over four hundred cattle were lost at Fort Bennett, last year, by the neglect of Agent William A. Swan, whose dismissal is recommended, with that of his issue clerk. At the entrance to his residence in East St. Louis, ex-Mayor John B. Bowman was Assassinated by an unknown man, who fired a bullet into the back of his victim’s head. Mr. Bowman was prominent in politics, having been accounted Congressman Morrison’s lieutenant, and it is alleged that the murder is the result of political feuds.

The Duff Comic Opera Company, in Gilbert and Sullivan's latest success, “The Mikado,” appears this week at McVicker’s Theater, Chicago. The opera is presented by the same excellent company that produced it for over 100 nights at the Standard Theater, New York.

The Federal Commissioner Deputy Marshal arrested at Salt Lake for lewd conduct assert their innocence of the charges brought by Mormon leaders. Senator Plumb, of Kansas, after consultation with the railroad magnates, reports that the St Paul will build to Kansas City next year, and that the other Western roads were surveying and making arrangements to environ his State with tracks.

At No. 310 Monroe street, Chicago, Samuel It Smith murdered his young wife during the night and made his escape. It appears that at the time of their marrirge the lady was engaged to Dr. J. 8. H. Bickford, of Cleveland, who subsequently tried to persuade her to leave Smith.

Sterling R. Holt, one of the election commissioners, was, arrested at Indianapolis, charged with breaking open a ballot-box with a hatchet The judges .had refused to give him the keys to the box, and he broke it open to carry out the order of court for a recount The State Board of Horticulture of California memorialized Congress ts place a high protective tariff on prunes, raisins, and olive oil, and also indorsed the Mexican reciprocity treaty. The works of the Calumet Iron and Steel Company, to the southward of Chicago, having been closed for six months by a strike, are about to resume operations at lower wages. Vice President Bradley says thirty-two nailers on the pay-rolls formerly averaged from $6 to sll per day each. Congressman J. G. Cannon, a member of the Holman committee which has been making a tour of the Indian agencies, is of the

opinion that the Indians cannot long retain j possession of the Indian Territory, which is ' capable of maintaining more than ten times its present population if brought under that degree of cultivation of which it is susceptible. The great three-cornered billiard tournament at Chicago l>etween the world’s ■ champions, Schaefer, Slosson, and Vignaux, i resulted in a tie, each man winning two and i losing two game a

SOUTHERN.

The Knights of Labor in Texas are preparing to boycott the granite contractors for the new Capitol, on account of the employment of convict labor in the quarries near Burnet. Five hundred masons are employed on the building.

A fire which gained headway with great rapidity in the City Hospital at Louisville, Ky., caused much excitement, but the helpless patients were speedily removed, and the flames were got under control Kennon & Hill, grocers at Columbus, Ga., and Salem, Ala., failed for $67,000. It is threatened by the Knights of Labor in Texas that the Chicago syndicate engaged in constructing the new State Capitol will be boycotted if stone quarried by convicts is used in the construction of the building. The boycott, it is declared, will go into effect as soon as the first carload of granite is landed on the Capitol grounds. A jury at Sparta, Georgia, sustained the will of David Dickson, leaving $500,000 to his colored mistress and child, and disinheriting his heirs. The Governor of North Carolina has respited to Dec. 7 four men under sentence to hang for the crime of burglary.

L. B. Jones, a young blood of Richmond, was fined one cent and imprisoned for an hour on a jury verdict for sending a, challenge to fight a duel. This is the second instance since the war where punishment was inflicted for violating the dueling law.

WASHINGTON.

Recently at Washington Ensign A. F. Halstead, who has but just graduated from the Naval Academy, married Mrs. Bernadean, of Camden, N. J., a woman old enough to be his mother, Who has several grown-up children. After the ceremony the groom departed on a three-years cruise. The President is said to have called on the State Department for full details of our relations with Germany and Austria in regard to the treatment of naturalized citizens of the United States in those countries. The Chief Inspectoi’ of the Postoffice Department reports 539 arrests and 179 convictions for violation of the postal laws during the year.

Second Comptroller Maynard has disallowed a bill of sl4l incurred by the House Appropriations Committee last winter. The expense was incurred during a junket on the Tallapoosa. Attorney General Garland has informed the authorities at Tacoma, W. T., that he will afford legal assistance in prosecuting persons lately arrested in the Territory for attacks recently made on Chinese residents. Commissioner Sparks recently ruled that the commutation of a homestead is, in effect, a turning of the entry into a pre-emption. Settlers can no longer obtain 480 acres each under this law’.

POLITICAL.

The President has appointed General Joseph It. Bartlett, of New York City, to be Second Deputy Commissioner of Pensions, in place of Lewis C. Bartlett, resigned, on account of ill-health; William R. Morgan, of Nashville, Tenn., to be member of the Board of Indian Commissioners, in place of Orange Judd, resigned; and John G. Lee, of Philadelphia, to be Secretary of Legation at Constantinople. Dr. Lee is a friend of Minister Cox, and is understood to have been appointed on his personal solicitation. He is familiar with the modern languages and is said to be peculiarly fitted for the place.

Mr. J. Hippie Mitchell was chosen United States Senator on the third ballot by the Oregon Legislature. He secured seventeen Democratic votes by promising to support Cleveland’s administration. W. W. Wheaton, ex-Mayor of Detroit, has made his appearance at Washington as a candidate for Sergeant-at-Arms, solidly backed by the Michigan delegation. Eugene Higgins, the renowned Treasury clerk, says he has been urged to labor for the caucus nomination. A strong effort is to be made in Washington to get General Logan on both Military and Appropriations Committees in the United Stat as Senate, which positions he lost while the Senatorial struggle was in progress at Springfield. Senators Mahone and Sewell, who succeeded him on the committees, are both to step down, and the friends of Fitz John Porter are anxious to keep General Logan off the Military Committee.

MISCELLANEOUS. The half-breeds of St. Vital, Manitoba, held a meeting to arrange for the funeral of Louis Biel, and sufficient money was contributed to pay the cost. Two days before the execution Beil’s wife was delivered of a dead male child. While the jury at Regina was viewing the body, locks of hair were cut from the head and beard, buttons were detached from the clothing, and the suspenders were being cut up as reiics when officers interfered. Jackson, Riel’s lieutenant throughout the rebellion in the Northwest Territory, was found insane by a jury and sent to an asylum. He has now escaped and is thought to have reached the United States. At the meeting of the National BaseBaU League at New York it was decided to hold the next annual convention an Chicago. Brouthers, White, Rowe, and Richardson were permitted to play in Detroit, but on the St Louis club’s petition that it be permitted to play games on Sunday no action was taken. The Washington club applied for admission, to take the place of Buffalo, but action was de-

! ferred until the meeting of the Schedule Com- ! mittee in March The body of Lpuis Riel was taken from the police barracks at Regina and buried beneath the Church of the Immaculate Conception, Pere Andre reading the funeral ser- : vice. A guard had been employed to watch i the grave. Several hundred citizens of Sher- : brooke, Quebec, assembled to burn Sir John i Macdonald in effigy, but Lieutenant Colonel I Iboteson stopped the proceedings by extinguish- • ing the fire. The conference of cattle-growers at i Chicago, with representatives from thirty-three States and Territories, organized a national association under an Illinois charter, electing D. W. Smith President and A. H. Sanders Secretary. Resolutions were adopted asking Federal protection for the people of Montana against the thieving Blackfeet and Piegan Indians, who are continually moving back and forth along the international boundary. It is denied by friends who were allowed to see his body that Riel's hair was cut off after his death by curiosity-seekers among those allowed at the hanging, or that the body was in any way disfigured. Business failures throughout the country for the week were 240, as against 223 for the week previous. Of the total of 240, 28 were in Canada. Bradstreet's Journal says of the trade outlook: The general trade situation shows loss activity than was reported last week. This is particularly noticed in dry goods. The continuation of moderate weather at the West and North has seriously interfered with the distribution of seasonable fabrics. The regular fall trade is practically over, and orders received now are largely of the reassortment variety. Eastern jobbers and shippers are shipping very moderately, and complain of the delay in the arrival of steady cold weather. Prices are firm for all varieties except some lines of shirtings, which have been shaded. Wool is quiet and prices are firm, except for fine fleeces, owing to the relatively decreased demand. Low and medium grades are • very strong. Transactions are not expected to increase much so long as the outlook for the disposition of heavy goods is so uncertain. The movement of grocery staples has been fair, with lower prices on coffee. There is less activity in pig and in manufactured irons. Prices pf both nre firm, but there has been no advance, and there is no likelihood of any during the current year.

Great earthquake waves were noticed on the Pacific coast on the 21st of November. They were thirty-five minutes apart and as heavy as those observed during the great upheaval in Java some years ago. John L. Sullivan, the pugilist, has signed a contract with John Cannon, of New York, for a tour of Europe and Australia next year, and agrees to meet any man, at any time, with or without gloves, and under any rules. Small-pox is under control at Montreal at last, and gradually disappearing. The deaths for the week were 132. The Canadian Government has re moved the duty on lastings and mohair when imported for coverings for buttons, and also on crucible sheet-steel in small sheets. The missing jewels of John McCullough, the deceased tragedian, were discovered in the property-room of the St. Louis Opera House, and have been sent to New York. French-Canadians of Montreal to the number of ten thousand gathered on the Champ de Mars and listened to speeches from three stands denouncing Premier Macdonald and his three French coadjutors for executing Louis Riel.

FOREIGN.

Emperor William will decline the proposed ovation on the twenty-fifth anniversary of his coronation as King of Prussia. The Mayor of Athens visited Paris for an interview withM. de Frey cine t, to whom he explained why Greece will shortly be compelled to invade Turkish territory. The British army of invasion in Burmah has captured the fortified city of Minhla, on the Irrawaddy River, and the way is now believed to be open to Mandalay, the capital. Desperate fighting between the Bulgaiians and Servians has resulted in further advantages for the latter, according to one set of reports, but other and seemingly more reliable advices indicate a disastrous and bloody defeat of King Milan’s forces by the Bulgarians. De Lesseps, the great engineer, celebrated his eightieth birthday in Paris. All the foreign ambassadors in Paris visited him and paid their respects. He received many presents. The German Reichstag was opened on the 19th inst. The Emperor in his speech said that the relations with all countries were friendly. The Carolines question would be settled satisfactorily, and he trusted that the Balkan conflict would not disturb the peace of Europe.

The Bulgarians again repulsed the Servian attacks on Slavenza, taking many prisoners. A dispatch from Belgrade states that the Servian headquarters have been withdrawn to Pirot. The Bulgarians are advancing from Sofia in the direction of Pernik to meet the advancing Servian division. A London dispatch states that the complete correspondence of Carlyle with Goethe has been discovered in the Goethe archives. The authorities of Flensburg, Russia, have expelled a German-American named Thielman.

The Balkan conference has decided tliat|the restoration of conditions is equally binding upon Servia and Bulgaria. It is said that King Milan must bow to the order or be deposed by two of the great powers. Turkey has a force of 272,000 men on the Balkan peninsula. Parnell has issued a manifesto to the electors of Ireland, charging them not to vote for any of the Liberal candidates whose names are not down on the lists of the branch Nationalist societies. The Chinese Embassy in London states that the Chinese Government has not granted and will not grant any concessions for making railroads in that country. A London rumor says that the Duke of Cambridge will soon retire from the command of the British army, and that Queen Victoria will make an effort to place her son, the Duke of Connaught, at the head of the forces.

High Authority on Beef Tea.

As nursing and. care of the sick enter, more or less, into the lives of most women, it may be interesting to those who read this column to know what one of tne highest dietetic authorities in England says on this subject of beef tea. Beef tea, once so relied upon by physicians in severe illnesses, has been for several years des ending in the scale of nutritive liquids, while milk has been gaining a more and more important position. The celebrated Dr. Roberts, of London, in a paper recently read before the British Medical Society, at Cardiff, deals a staggering blow to beef tea as usually prepared. “Next to milk,” he says, “in frequency of use in high esteem come beef tea and other meat decoctions. Long experience has satisfied us in this country of the usefulness of these preparations in feeding the sick. Beef tea and its cogeners, however, take rank as restoratives and stimulants rather than as nutrients. They contain no albuminous matter in solution, and the small quantity of gelatine contained in them cannot be of much account. There is a widespread misapprehension among the public in regard to the nutritive value of beef tea. The notion prevails that the nourishing qualities of the meat pass into the decoction, and that the dry, hard remnant of meat-fiber which remains undissolved is exhausted of its nutritive qualities; and this latter is often given to the cat or dog* or even, as I have known, thrown away as useless rubbish into the midden.” It is so common with us to see this remnant of meat thrown aside as useless, that we consider that Dr. Roberts gives us a valuable lesson m household economy when he tells us that this meat contains a large amount of nutriment, and that when pounded in a mortar or beaten to a paste with a spoon, and duly flavored with salt and other condiments, it constitutes not only a highly nourishing and agreeable, but also an exceedingly digestible, form of food. A French cook would undoubtedly prepare a savory mince or a dish of tempting croquettes from what we are in the habit of throwing away as useless. Having proved to us that beef tea is not all that our “fancy painted it, ” Dr. Roberts proceeds to inform us how we may best extract the nutritive properties of beef and other meats. This is to be done by using “cold-made meat infusions,” cold made, because when heated above 114 degrees F. coagulation of the albumen occurs, which destroys the liquid character of the infusion, and converts it into a jelly.

Dr. Roberts recommends the use of an infusion made as follows: Cover the minced meat with half its weight of water, and allow it to stand for two hours, after which press it through a cloth. By this means a highly nutritive infusion is obtained, containing an amount of protein, or nutritious material, equivalent to that found in cow’s milk.

“The objection to these infusions,” Dr. Roberts adds, “is their raw flavor, which to many is highly disagreeable. The best way of covering the raw taste is to add some ordinary beef tea, or a little of Liebig’s extract of meat. Some prefer the flavor communicated by a slice of lemon.”

East Tennessee bids fair to become the greatest tobacco growing section in the union. Good judges declare that the soil of that region is suited to the production of as fine a grade of this weed as any grown in the world.

An Arizona man has stopped taking an agricultural paper. He wrote to the editor asking how to get rid of gnats. The answer came in the next issue, “Kill them.”

THE MARKETS.

NEW YORK. Beeves $4.00 @ 6.00 Hogs 3.50 @ 4.25 Wheat—No. 1 White9B @ 1.00 No. 2Red96 @ ,97p; Corn—No. 254 @ .55 " Oats—White 37 @ .41 Pork—Mess 11.00 @11.50 CHICAGO. Beeves—Choice to Prime Steers. 5.50 @6.00 Good Shipping 4.50 @ 5.25 Common 3.25 @ 400 Hogs 3.50 @ 4.25 Flour—Extra Spring.... 5.00 @5.50 Choice Winter 4.50 @ 5.25 Wheat—No. 2 Red Winter 92 @ .94 Corn—No. 2 .44 @ .44 V, Oats—No. 2 27 @ .29 " Rye—No. 261 @ .62 Barley—No. 2 67 @ .68 Butter—Choice Creamery 23 @ .25 Fine Dairyl6 @ ,18 Cheese—Full Cream, newlo @ .10)6 Skimmed Flatso6%@ .07J4 Eggs—Freshl9 @ ,20 ‘ Potatoes—Choice, per bu4B @ .53 Pork—Mess 8.50 @ 9.00 MILWAUKEE. Wheat—No. 289 @ .90 Corn—No. 241 @ .43 Oats—No. 2 28 @ .28> Rye—No. 161 @ .62 " Pork—New Mess 10.00 @10.25 TOLEDO. Wheat—No. 295 @ .96 Corn—No. 244 @ .45 Oats—No. 228 @ .30 ST. LOUIS. Wheat—No. 2 Red 92 @ .94 Corn—Mixed .39)£@ .40)6 Oats—Mixed26 @ .27 Pork—New Mess 9.00 @9.50 CINCINNATI. Wheat—No. 2 Red9s @ ~97 Corn—No. 246 @ .48 Oats—Mixed29 @ .31 * Rye—Nq. 2 64 @ .66 Pork—Mess 9.50 @IO.OO DETROIT. Beef Cattle 4.50 @5.25 Hogs ( 3.00 @3.75 Sheep 2.50 @ 3.75 Wheat—No. 1 White93)£@ .94)6 Corn—No. 2:45 @ .47 Oats—No. 233 @ .34 INDIANAPOLIS. Wheat—No. 2 Red 92 @ .93 Corn—Mixed4l @ .42 Oats—No. 227 @ .29 EAST LIBERTY. Cattle—Best. 5.25 @5,75 Fair 4.50 @ STOO Common 3.50 @ 4.50 Hogs 3.75 @ 4.25 Sheep. 2.25 @ 3.03 BUFFALO. Wheat— No. 1 Hard 96 @ 1.00 Corn 51 .52)6 Cattle. 4.50 & 5.75

TO LIFT UP COMMERCE.

Conference of the National Free-Trade League at Chicago. The Free-Trade Conference which was held at Chicago recently attracted general attention, and was attended by a number of gentlemen of national reputation, among them Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, David A. Wells, Josiah Quincy, Frank Hurd, J. Sterling Morton, and John S. Phelps. During the closing hours of the session papers were read as follows: “Iron and Its Manufacture,” by Mr. Lindley Vinton, of Indianapolis; “The Tariff and Ship-build-ing,” by William S. Gibbons, a Delaware ship-builder; “Pauper Labor of Europe,” by Thomas G. Shearman, of New York; M. B. Harter, of Mansfield, Ohio, spoke on “The Relation of the Tariff to Agricultural Implement Manufacture.” He argued that free trade would be a great benefit to this industry. E. W. Cole, of Connecticut, spoke negatively on the subject, “Does a High Tariff on Wool Benefit the WcolGrower?”

The committee on nominations submitted a report which was adopted. It named, the following as the future officers of the league: President—David A. Wells, New York. VicePresidents, Thomas Holland, New York; Justus Clark, Iowa; M. M. TrumbuU, Illinois; William P. Fishbone, Indiana; W. P. Wells, Michigan; N. S. Harwood, Nebraska; ex-Gov. John S. Phelps, Missouri ;B. R. Forman, Louisiana; F. W. Dawson, South Carolina; William M. gingerly, Pennsylvania; ex-Gov. J. G. Robinson, Kansas; J. Q. Smith, Ohio; Henry L. Pierce, Massachusetts; J. B. Sargent, Connecticut; Henry Watterson, Kentucky; J. T. Stevens, New Jersey; William E. Jenkins, Texas; J. D. Whitman, Oregon: William Gibbons,Delaware; Rowland Hazard, Rhode Island; B. B. Herbert, Minnesota, and representatives from other States whose names were to be subsequently reported. Executive Committee —Thomas G. Shearman, Josiah Quincy, A. W. Thomas, H. B. Stapler, E. P. Doyle, William G. Brownlee, A. A. Healy, W. W. Witmer, Erskine M. Phelps, M. D. Harter, and W. G. Peckham. National Committee—R. R. Bowker, New York; O. Mosher, Iowa; I. N. Stiles, Illinois; P. S. O’Rourke, Indiana; William G. Brownlee, Michigan ; J. Sterling Morton, Nebraska; F. L. Underwood, Missouri; W. R. Whitiker, Louisiana; J. J. Dargan, South Carolina; James G. Jenkins, Wisconsin; James D. Hancock, Pennsylvania; Enoch Harpole, Kansas; J. M. Osborn, Ohio; P. J. Smalley, Minnesota; Josiah Quincy, Massachusetts ; honorary secretary, R. R. Bowker western secretary, H. J. Phi.pot; central score- . tary, Lewis Howland; treasurer, George F. Peabody. The committee on resolutions submitted its report, which was adopted after several amendments had been made. The report was as follows: We submit to the people of the United States that the continuance? of the war tariff, with duties averaging 42 per cent, on over fourteen hundred articles of domestic consumption, and a much higher specific duty on manv crude materials, has prolonged the evils of wiir in times of profound peace, and has been the principal cause of the commercial and industrial depression of recent years.

By forcing labor and capital from naturally profitable into unprofitable lines of business, and by adding to costtof production, it has decreased the common productive interests of the country, and thereby reduced both thp wages of labor and the profit of capital; it has provoked an antagonism between labor and capita], against which our great natural resources and our free institutions should have protected us ; it has impaired our power to compete with other manufacturing nations in the markets of the world, and so obstructed national progress and development. It has destroyed many branches of business, and has kept our people from engaging in other branches of business which would have given increased employment to labor. By preventing our buying from nations willing to buy from us, and by provoking retaliation in like spirit, instead of promoting friendly reciprocity, it has obstructed the consumption of our agricultural and manufactured products by other countries, and has driven our commerce from the seas. By impairing our domestic power to buy it has prevented the full development of our interstate commerce, and reduced the legitimate profits of, and has driven into bankruptcy, a large number of our transportation companies, and made domestic traffic more costly. Through the influence of its lobbies it has enthroned jobbing and corruption in our legislative halls, and has impeded the reform of the civil service.

In short, taking by force the earnings of one class of men to enrich another class, it is opposed to the spirit of American liberty and of the Constitution; it has imposed anew industrial slavery; it has prevented the national progress of wealth among the fanning class, decreased wages and their purchasing power, and lengthened the enforced idleness of workingmen, restricted our manufactures from their natural markets, and demoralized the general business of the country. While holding, accordingly, that taxes in aid of private interests, or for any purpose other than the requirements of government, are unAmerican, unjust, and unwise, and that every protective feature must at the earlist possible date be eradicated from our revenue system, we invite all who oppose the abuses of the present tariff to join us in promoting immediatesteps of practical tariff reform, which we believe will increase wages, diminish the frequency of strikes, develop business, and restore our flag to the seas. We therefore urge upon Congress for action at the ensuing session—first, that under no pretense shall any countenance be given to attempts to increase protective duties; second, that articles which are at the foundation of great industries should, in the interests of labor and commerce, be freed from duty, whether they be crude materials—as lumber, salt, coal, ore, wood, etc. —or partly manufactured—as chemicals, dyestuffs, pig iron, tinplate, wood pulp, etc.; third, that on products from such articles duties should at least be correspondingly reduced, so that the protection, real or nominal, to manufacturers shall not be increased, and that the consumers shall have the immediate benefit of the reduction. We urge that any steps in tariff reform should simplify the present complicated classification, should do away with mixed duties, replacing them by ad valorem rates instead of by specific duties, which are most burdensome to low-price goods consumed by the great body of the people. We demand free ships, and the abolition of our restrictive navigation laws, which, together with the tariff, have driven our flag from the seas; and we oppose bounties and subsidies on shipping. We urge revenue reformers to vote only for such Congressional candidates as openly oppose tariff for protection, and to take steps to nominate independent candidates when all party candidates oppose tariff reform, preparing for the step by diffusing sound economic literature and promoting organization, especially in close congressional districts. The following resolution was also adopted: Resolved, That it is the sense of this convention that no further reduction be countenanced in the internal revenue tax on spirits and tobacco until the existing tariff has been brought to a strict revenue basis.

A mass meeting in behalf of free trade was held at Central Music Hall, of which a local paper says: “The hall was crowded to overflowing, and hundreds were unable to obtain admission. Standing room was at a premium, and tickets could have been sold at a liberal price for admission to the house. The audience was a cultivated one r and included all classes of Chicago society, with many leading protectionists.” Addresses were delivered by David 1 A. Wells and Henry Ward Beecher. The former asserted that all trade and commerce, in the practical business of life, is the interchange of products and services, and there can be no buying without selling: or selling without buying; and the latter claimed that a paternal government was always an infernal government; that the cus-tom-house is a tran and a snare, and that commerce should be as free as thought.