Democratic Sentinel, Volume 9, Number 8, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 20 March 1885 — Page 1

VOLUME IX.

lUE DEMOCRATIC SENTINEL. a »emocb*t:c newspaper. PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY, BY , Fas. W. .McEwen. RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION. Ise year sl.s'> lx months .... ............. 75 hreem0nth*................, -50 A.d-wez’tisiixg Rates. One uoiumn. one year. • Seo oo Half column, “ 40 o) Oaarter “ 30 oo Jashth “. “ 10 00 .Ten per ceot. added to foregoing price if ivertisements are sett® occupy more than nele column width. Uraetional parts of a rates Buaiaiess cards not exceeding 1 inch space, a year; $3 for six months; $ 2 for three UH (legal notices and advertisements at esiliabed statute price. Reading notices, first publication 10 cents line:; .each publication thereafter s cents a M. Pearly advertisements may be changed tarterly (once in three months) at the open of date advertiser, free of extra charge. Advertisements for persons not residents ' Jaspor oonnty, must be paid for in adtnea of first public vtion, when less than le-qnarrter column in size; and quarterly advanae When larger.

■ordecai f. chilcote, ■ Attorney-at-Law ■nrssjnuß*. Indiana ■’notice? iin the Courts of Jasper and ad■tnlne counties. Makes collections a spe■tlty. Office.on north side of Washington opposite Court House- vinl ■b.DWIGGTN' ZIMRI DWIGGIN 9 ■ R. s. &z. D'WIGGINS, ■ Attorneys-at-Law, ■nsseiaer I Indiana ■aetice in the Courts of Jasper and ad ■ninsr counties, make collections, etc. 'c ■)ffloe west corucr Newels’ Block. v„nl KtONP. THOMPSON, DAVID J. THOMPSON ■ Attorney-at-Law. Notary Public. ■ THOMPSON & BROTHER, ■nsselaer, Indiana ■ Practice in all the Courts. ■ARION L. SPITLER, Collector and. Abstracter. ■Ve pay , irtieular attention to payinr tax ■ > sellini. and leasing lands. v 2 nis B FRANK W.'B ..COCK, ■Lttcriwjf e»* B And Real .Estate Broker, in all Courts of Jasper, Newtor ■d Benton counties. Lands examined ■h tracts of Title prepared: Taxes paid. M| Collec'tloxxs eu Specialt3r_ JAMES W. DOUTHIT, BrORNEY-AT-LAW AND NOTARY PEELK’. Office upstairs, in Maieever’s MiJdmg, iteniselaer. Ind. I H. W. SN fDEH, ■'.ttOT.’ney at Zir-z- ■ Remington, Indiana, ■selections a specialty, < # ■ ' W. HARTSELL, M D . * BmCEOPATIIIC PHYSICIAN & SURGEON. - - INDIANA Diseases i in Makeever’s New Block. Restdence at Makeover House. ■ ,uly 11,1854. ■ D. DALE, ■ ■ ATTORNEY-AT LAW Monticello, Indiana. Bank building, up stairs. DOUGHIIIDGE. F. P, BITTERS ■ LOUGHRIDGE& BITTERS?, and Surgeons. street, below Austin’s hotel, ■'en per cent, interest will be added io all running unsettled longer th; n months. vim ■ DR. I. B. WASHBURN, H|, Physician & Surgeon, ■ Rensselaer Ind. ■lli< promptly attended. Will give special atter don to the treatment of Chronic Dwiggins, Zimri Dwigg’ns. President. Casflier ■ Citizens 5 Bank, ■ RENSSELAER, IND., Moes a general Banking business; gives special attention to collections: remitmade on day of payment at current sHfe ot exchange; inte rest paid on balances : Mrtllicates bearing interest Issued; exbought and sold. Bank owns the Pu-glar Safe, which .'■ok the premium at the Chicago Exposition |B 1878. This Safe is protected by oae of ■raent’s Time Locke. The bunk vault used ■a» good as can be built. It will be «ee n ■rm thn foregoing that this Pank furnishes ■ good sacurity to depositors as can be. THOMAS THOMPSON. B Bankings House ■F A. McCOY &T. THOMPSON, successors ■ to A. McCoy & A. Thompson. Banker" ■nsselaer, Ind. Does general .Banking buBuy and sell exchaoge. 'Collecflo n jgUdo sn all available points. Money loan 0 ■■erest paid on specified time d< posits. & same place us tld firm of A. McCo y ■w>P«on. «« aprH.’gi

The Democratic Sentinel.

Bitts ©ettej - SALE. On account of the extremely warm weather during the past month, we have too many Fall and Winter Goods, and for the purpose of reducing stock, we have made big reductions in the price of Press goodsX&XcloakS, We show the most complete line of LADIES’ & GENTS’ KNIT UNDERWEAR, In this market. . ■t. “ ■ A- " . ~ FW"’ Come and buy DRY GOODS Cheap ELLIS & MUR RAY. Rensselaer, Ind. v 8 ngg

THOMAS J. FARDEN. Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps,

W>-SHOES EVERY PAIR WARRANT’D FOR SALE BY THOMAS J.FARDEN, 3 Doors East of P. O. Rensselaer, Ind. A complete line of light and heavy shoed for men and boys, women andlmisses, always in stock at bottom prices. Increase of trade more an object than large profits. See our goods before buying.

Bents’ FurnishlP'' Goods!

N WARNFIt NS, Tinware '■ •io ia>. Side Washington Street, RENTSSELAER, - - INDIAN/;. $

IRA W. YEOMAN, attorney at Law, NOTARY PUBLIC, Real Estate aid Collecting Agent, «Vill practice in all the Courts of Newton Benton and Jasper counties. Office: —Up-stairs, over Murray’s Citj Jrug Store, Goodland, Indiana. THE NEW RENSSELAER, IND. TU O . OPENED. New and finely furnished.— »J Cool and pleasant rooms. Table furnished with the best the market affords. Good Sample Rooms on first floor. Free Bus to and from Depot. PHILIP BLUE, Proprietor. Rensselaer. May 11.1883 ts. LEAR HOUSE, J. H. LEAR, Proprietor, . Opposite. Court House. Alonticelle, Ind Hus recently been new furnished thronirb out. Ihe rooms are large and airy.tholoea tion central, making It the most and desirable hopse in town. Try it

RENSSELAER JASPER COUNTY, INDIANA. FRIDAY MARCH 20, 1885.

The Dead Letter Office, which receives (2,000 to 15.000 or more letters every day In the year, is a monument to the care'esisness of the people. An Answer Wanted. Can any one bring us a case of Kidney or Liver Complaint that Electric Bitters will not speedily cure? -We say they can not, as thousands of cases already permanently cured and who are daily recommending Electric Bitters, will prnye Bright’s disease, Diabetes, Weak Back, or any urinary complaint quickly' cured- They purify the blooa. regulate the Dowels, and act directly on the diseased parts, Every bottle guaranteed For sale at COc, a bottle bv FB. Meyer- I—3o 0 An Entrprisiig, R Hable Hens. F- B. Meyer can always be relied upon, not -only to carry in stocK the best of everything, bnt to secure the Agency for such articles as have well-known merit, and are popular wit h the people, thereby (ustaining the reputation of being always enterprising, and ever reliable. Having secured the Agency for the celebrated Dr- King’s New Discovery for Densumption, will sell it on a oosifive guarantee. It will surely cure anj and every affection of Ibront, Lungj and Ohest, and to show '-ur confluence, we inviie you to eill and get a Trinißottle. Free 1-3 C ’

AID TO EDUCATION.

SPEECH OF HON. THOMAS J. WOOD. OF INDIANA, Delivered in the House of Representatives, Friday, Feb. 13, 1885.

Mr. Speaker: The Blair and Willis educational bills provide that certain sums of money shall be distributed to the several States of the Union in proportion to the illiteracy of the people in each of them.— The provisions of these bills do not interfere with the educational system of any State, but direct that the money shall be used tor educational purposes by aiding the common schools therin. The troublesome question is the power of Congress to pass one of these bills. There is no express power in any provision of the Constitution authorizing Congress to enact a law for the purpose stated in either of them. The several powers of the Constitution are— Firstw-Express powers. Second —Implied powers. Third— ’ nciuentai powers. Fourth —Inherent powers. There is no controversy about the first power, i hold that Congress has power to pass one of these educational bills under any one of the other three powers. I will consider them in their order. As to the second power 1 say there is not in the whole Constitution grant of powers which does not draw after it other powers nut expressed. Jiut essential and vitafito their exercise; not independent but auxiliary to the grant itself.— No provision of the Constitution expressly excludes implied and incidental powers as did the articles of confederation. This subject is well considered in the Federalist, where cogent reasoning is applied to it.

tVhat is the grant of power in the Constitution bearing upon the subject of these bills? Section 4 of the fourth article of the Constitution declares that— The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a republican form of government. Here is a naked declaration of power. No way is pointed out, no means ate defined to inform Congress how this power shall be executed. Now, every means that can be used consistent with the power to carry it into effect is implied from the nature of the original grant. Congress may adopt proper means to carry into effect this express power, whether it be military forces, peace commissioners, or by a compromise of the complaints of the people of the State against a republican form of government.

Many reasons might be assigned why the people of a State would not desire to maintain a republican form of government, but one strong one, amongall others, might be that the people through ignorance were incapable of self-govern-ment; incapable by illiteracy of participating in the affairs of the State through the exercise of suffrage.

If general ignorance is the cause Congress may exercise power to remove it, though years are required to do so. by! liberal grants of money for the purpose of diffusing general intelligence and thereby creating respect among the people for a government republican in form, and a decent regard for the rights of mankind. The Indians are incapable of self-government through illiteracy, and no republican form of government would be maintained by them, and now the Govern ment is providing, as it

has often done, for their education and mental elevation in order to make them law abiding citizens and capable of self government, and therefore fit to live under and support a republican form of governm’nt in the State where they may reside It is conceded that the colored people as a body in the South, where large numbers congregate, are incapable of understanding and maintaining a republican form of government in the absence of intelligent white people. In such cases Congress may

exercise the power to promote inte'ligence and education among them in order to make them self-governing,and therefore capable of nfaintaing independently of the power of the General Government a republican form of government. If general illiteracy among the people of |a State is the cause of the failure of a republican form of government, Congress may donate money to remove the cause through educational means, tend that is true where illiteracy is so dominant as to constitute a balance of power against intelligence or is a standing menace to the safety of the Commonwealth. In such cases Congress may provide means to remove the cause and all threatening danger to a republican form of government. What is a grant of power without the employ-

ment of means necessary to its execution? The axiom is clearly established in law and in reason that whatever is required to be done the means to that end are authorized. When ever a general power to do a thing is given every particular power necessary for doing i t is given. ' Suppose there is universal famine in a State, and the people thereof, starving in all its borders, organize in open rebellion against all State law and constitutional authority and annihilate the republican form ot government therein existing? •

In such a case Congress co d order troops with bayonets, powder and lead, to reduce tlie people to submission, or it may appropriate money to buy them bread and thus allay their opposition to State authority, and 1 estore to the State a republican form of government. Ihere is no defined way to execute thi* general power of the Constitution. > ongress itself is the sole judge of the means necessary to carry into effect this grant of power Congress is the sole judge of the means necessary to carry into effect any grant of power in the Constitution, provided, always, that the means employed are properly incident ,ro the express power. No one 'would claim that means used entirely foreign to the object to execute a power would be a pi o per execution of it. The manner of carrying into effect the great powers of the 011stitucion is left to the wisdom and conservative judgment of the legislator where the means of execution are not defined. Otherwise the creation of naked powers would be absurd, as they would remain forever dormant or in a paralytic state Judge Story, writing on this question, aptly says;

It would be almost impracticable, if it were not useless, to enumerate the various instances in which ongress, in the progress of the Government, have made use of incidental and implied means to execute its powers. They are almost infinitely varied in their ramifications and details. incidental powers are expressly conferred on Congress by the Constitution, and in these words: To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers,and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of

NUMBED 8.

the United States, or in any department or office thereof. This provision constitutes Congress the judge of what laws are necessary to carry into effect the powers of the Constitution Although it is surplusage under the reasoning of judicial decisionsand eminent writers on constitutional powers, as it existed already as an incident, biit it does prove that the framers of. the Constitution intended to leave the means of executing the powers to the deliberate judgment of the legislator. Then the question is, Is general intelligence and enlightenment of the people supportive of a government republic an in form? Does the intelligence of the people aid and maintain such a government? If so, Congress may adopt measures to that end. 1 have briefly discussed the incidental powers of congress and the implied powers of the Constitution, and I pass on* to the inherent power of that instrument.. This power sounds strange, but hear me through. In order that the application of this power may be more readily understood 1 make a statement of facts: The real purpose of these ■ measures is to provide means for the education of the colored people in the Southern States, although they embrace all classes of illiterate people in every State.

A few years ago 4,000,000 of illiterate colored people were released from slavery and the adult males clothed with all the rights, duties and conditions of American citizenship. No one pretends that they possessed .any mental qualifications to become good citizens and an intelligent factor in tlie administration of the Government The old ex-slaves can not be materially improved but the young people can be taught the superiority of republican government, the i ignts and pri vileges it confers upmi the citizen, respect and obedience tor the laws of the State and Federal Union. w hat is the foundation of me federal Union? What is to e basis of the General Gov- ' eminent? The theory is that it rests only upon the consent oi tlie governed. Who are the governed? > answer, all classes of the people, white and black. The people of their own free will can enlarge or 1 estrict its powers or change the system entirely and do so peaceably and rightfully. The people are the sovereign. * hey jule through their own selected agents, who act by defined official powers. These are re- , sponsible to no sovereign, save the sovereignty of the people, who hold them accountable wr violations of official duties. In a word, the Federal system is 111 the hands of the people, liiey control by the elective franchise. Shall it be by an elective franchise? They maintain it by consent and self-, government. Need it be said that such a system of government can only be sustained i and perpetuated by the virtue and intelligence of the people, and without which it could not long survive.

Now, there is a large per centage of unintelligent and illiterate people in this country exercising a fundamental power in the enactment and administration of law, who can know nothing of the effect or benefit of it. Can they safely and independently execute so great a trust without any ini tclligent conception of the rights and duties of citizenship? Are they fit to deposit the ballot that may determine the destiny of the Republic? Are they fit to deposit the ballot to determine any policy of the Government? How can they select proper agents to administer the Government when they have no understanding of its powersand I purposes? They can not Dass

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