Democratic Sentinel, Volume 4, Number 18, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 11 June 1880 — Writing [ARTICLE]

Writing

1. How many spaces high is the loop in the small letter h? How many kinds of curves in the same letter ? 2. What is made the standard of measurement in width? What in night? 3. Write ten letters, no one of which is properly more than one space in flight? 4. What good will it do a pupil to have him trace the copy carefully with a dry. pen? 5. Write the first five letters of the alphabet as capitals. Orthography 1. (a) Wh.it is the distinction between a subvot-rtZ nnd an aspirate? (b) Give two subvocals and two aspirates. 2. (a) What sounds has the letter I? (b) Give words illustrating its different sounds? 3. Syllabicate and mark the accent of superintendent and especmZZv. •1. Wnat rule of spelling is illustrated in spelling the plural of chimney? 5. Write, with the proper marking to indicate the sound of each letter, the words knowledge and science. 6 Spell two words pronounced by the S uperin tendent. Heading “Is it iiol better at an earJv hour In its calm cell to rest the weary head, While lords an-, sin; ing. and while blooins the bower, Than sit the lire out. mid go starved to bed?” Lander. 1. Is the above extract a paragraph, or a stanza? Why? 2. What is meant by the terms “early hour,” “calm cell,“ as used above? 3. What is meant by “sit the fire out,” “go starved to bed”? 4. Select five words as a lesson in spelling and definition, giving reasons for your selection. 5. Express briefly, in your own words, the sentiment of the foregoing extract. Arithmetic; 1. Divide the L. C. M. of 40, 45, 5-1, 72, and 135, by the G. C. D. of 620, and. 1,116. 2. Reduce 4897 gr. Troy to pounds. By analysis. 3. If it takes a man J of a day to mow an acre of grass, how long will it take him to mow 7 10 of an acre? By analysis. 4. If wheat yields 72 )'b of its weight in Hour, how much flour can be made from 245 bushels of wheat? 5 Define- o/’poruzZon. and usury. 6. What is tiie present worth of a note for $675, due in five months, and without int’rest, money being worth 7 per annum? 7. If <3 gal of wine cost $1.47, what will 9-20 gal. cost? By propor-

tion, ■ 8. In a grainarv is a bin I2f ft, long, 8 ft. 7 in. wide, and 5.4 feet deep. How many bushels of grain will it hold? 9. My house is 21 feet wide, the ridge which is in the middle of the roof is 9 feet higher than the side walls, and the eaves project 1 ft. 6 in. beyond the sides of the house. How wide is each side of the roof? 10. Separate 75,686,967 into three equal factors. Grainmar. 1. Why is the sentence: “Ho ought to have went,” incorrect? 2. In the sentence: “The prophets, do they live forever?” Parse prophets. 3. What is the difference oetween an adjective ami an adverb? Illustrate. 4. Give a list of ten words commonly used as prepositions. 5. Write a sentence having for its predicate the jurt.sswe, potential, 'present, third plural form of the verb see. 6. Analyze: “The use of the dictionary should be insisted upon in the case of all pupils of sufficient maturity.” 7. What is the difference in the proper use of the relatives who, which and that? 8. How may a declarative sentence be made interrogative? 9. Correct: If I teas a teacher I wutild give shorter lessons, and give the reason for the change. 10. Name the parts of speech not found in the following sentence; “Millions of spiritual creatures walk the earth unseen, both when we wake and when we sleep.’’

Geography1. Define Zone, declination of Axis. 2. How are islands divided? What is the- general position of each kind 2 3. Describe the formation of an iceberg from the falling of the snow. 4. Dividing the United States into highlandsand lowlands, in which division do most of the states lie? in which, most of the territories? J 5. Name the chief difference between the coal fields of eastern and western Pennsylvania? 6. From what two States was the District of Columbia originally taken? What was its original area? To what State was the portion originally given by it receded? 7. "What countries constitute Great Britain? which is the largest? which, the smallest? 8. In sailing down the Danube from its source, what three important cities will you pass? 9. From what countries do we receive our principal supplies of spices? 10. On which side of the Pyrinees is the climate the warmer? Why?

History1. What can you say about the early voyages of the Northmen to this country? 2. After the Northman (a) Who first certainly discovered the North American continent? (b) in what year? 3. Narrate the early history of Pennsylvania. 4. (a) What was the Northwest Territory, and (b) how did it pass into the possession of the United States? 5. What were the main provisions of the ordinance of 1787? 6. Who was William Henry Harrison? 7. Name the five greatest deceased statesmen of the United States. 8. What are the three greatest practical inventions of the last fifty years ? 9. In what way were the boundaries between the United States and the British Possessions determK ined? 10, How was slavery abolished in the United States?

Physiology. 1. How’ many bones in the spinal column, and how are they separated ? 2. What is the function of the synovial membrane? 3. Give two of the uses of the mus cles. 4. How many pairs of glands constitute the salivary glands?— Where is each pair located? 5. What organ secretes the bile? What the pancreatic juice? 6. "Why does the system require more food in winter than in summer? 7. What changes in food occur in the intestines? 8. Why is the heart double? Whafc is the function of each part|- A 9. What is the pleura? Z ’ 10. Why should school-rooms be well ventilated ? Theorj- and Practice1. Why does the writing of words assist in learning their spelling? 2. Give three of the aims of a good primary drill in reading. 3. State the advantages and the dis advantages of the Dractice of permitting pupils to recite by turn. G 4 What is the distinction between natural and artificial incentives? 5. What is the great end of punish merit in school? Why?

J. H. SMART.

A Sabbath School concert will be held at the M. E, Church next Sunday evening. —The prospects for completing the C. & I. A. L. railway from this place to Chicago, at an early day, is quite flattering. The workmen are con structing the grade west of town, and the work will doubtless be pushed to completion within the next seven months. The grade built some years ago between here and some point in Illinois will be used, except a short distance near town, where a curve in the road will be shortened. Several loads of ties and iron have already arrived, and track-laying will soon be in order. The most difficult task will be to drive spiles for four miles through the Kankakee swamps, which is estimated to be a three-months’ job. The old rails between Rensselaer and Bradford are heavier than those used between Bradford and Delphi, and for this reason they will be used for the standard guage until the road is completed from city to city. Standard guage rolling stock will be used between here and Bradford next week, which will necessitate a change of cars for a few weeksr-at the last-named place. The citizens along the line can rest asured that the road will be ready to carry freight and passengers from Rensselaer to Chicago soon after the beginning of a new year. Go to Mrs. Healey’s for the cheapest and best millinery goods in town.