Democratic Sentinel, Volume 3, Number 50, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 23 January 1880 — Page 1

£lcmocrHti([ entuici A. DEMOCRATIC NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY, »X > TAMES W. McEWEN TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. One copy on* jnu fl.fl* Une copy six months . I.N Otu copy throe month* , M tWAdrertUlnf rate* on application.

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

vosuav nwi. A Berlin dispatch says the new French Cabinet, particularly De Freycinet, is mistrusted there, the Premier being regarded aa a creature of Qaiubetta. This is entirely at variance with the formal announcement of the Qerman Ambassador at Paris on New-Year’s day, and is ptobably incorrect. The ex-Empress Eugenie will sail for Bonth Africa, with a view of visiting the scene of the Prince Imperial’s death, on the 20th of March. Tho death of Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein, is announced. A lively row occurred the other day, between German and Hnssian soldiers, en the boundary between Prussia and" Poland. The Muscovites invited the Deutsche warriors to dinner, and tho trouble grew out of a politioal argument The Russian comm inder prevented bloodshed by sending the visitors homo undor ■oscort. The German Ambassador at St. Petersburg has been instructed to a*-k au explanation from Rusiia. Dispatches from Pesth, Hungary, report serious disturbances in consequence of a duel betwcon Baron Maithonyi, an aristocrat, and Herr Verboray, member of Parliament, in which the latter was fatally wounded. A mob attacked tho club house most frequented by the aristocracy, and were not dispersed until' the military were called out. A dispatch from Cork notes the admission of sixty destitute families to tho workhout’o in Killaruey, and the arrival of a woman at tho same place with a dead child in her arms, tlio little one having perished from hunger and exposure. Notwithstanding Russia’s peaceful protestations, it is claimed in Vienna that she is etill energetically preparing foWwar. A Dublin dispatch eays that five of tho men who were engaged in the recent bread demonstration in Cork have been sentenced to throe months’ imprisonment. A woman has died of starvation in Kilkenny. There is ", largo iuflux to Kilkenny of tramps from tho distressed districts, and, in consequence of tho insufficiency of the police, numerous burglaries are committed. DOMESTIC! INTELLIGENCE.

Fast. D. M. Kennedy, ex-Prothonotary of Allegheny county, Pa., lias disappeared undor somewhat mysterious circumstances. His accounts show a shortage of nearly #BO,OOO. It is believod he has gone to Colorado or Now Mexico. W est. The business transacted on the Chicago Board of Trade in 1879 far exceeded that of any previous year. There is great destitution and suffering among the colored emigrants from the South who have settled in Kansas. There aro said to be over 15,000 in the State, four-fifths of whom are in an almost starving condition. Oregon and Washington Territory were recently visited by a violent wind-storm. There was some loss of life, and tho damage to property was very great. Tho losses in Portland alone reach over SIOO,OOO. Mj*j. Morrow, in command of the detachment of cavalry pursuing Victoria’s band of hostiles in New Mexico, had an engagement with tho savages on the 12th inst., in which he routed thorn. E. B. Wells, paymaster of a gas company in Chicago, was driving along one of the public streets' of that city the other day, when threo highwaymen sprang into his buggy, one of them dealing him a stunning blow with a elung-shot, knocking him senseless, while the other two robbed him of $4,000 in silver and gold. All three then rau off and escaped. Diphtheria prevails to an alarming oxtent in the Black Hills. Boyd’s large packing house, at Omaha, has been destroyed by fire. Loss, $260,000. Threo Leadville mines, among the richest yet developed in that region, havo been purchased by Western capitalists, represented by Col. D. Pi Dyer, of St. Louis, for #5,000,000. South. The moonshiners of Butler’s creek, Wayne county, Tenn., havo taken an oath to kill every officer of tho Government who comes within reach, and the torriflid revenue agents in that district ask for reiuforcemonts. Senator Lamar is ill at his home in Mississippi, from a stroke of paralysis. J. H. Rhorer, cashier of the Louisville Savings Bank, is a defaulter to the amount of #IOO,OOO. The Nashville and Chattanooga railroad and i's dependencierhave been absorbed by the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company, which now controls almost the entire Southorn railway system.

POLITICAL POINTS. It is reported from Washington that a majority of the Sonata Elections Committee have deckled to report in favor of declaring Kellogg’s seat vacant. Tho Washington Post prints interviews with seventy-five Democratic Congressmen who want Seymour for President, but it reports that many of the Western Democrats prefer Hendricks. WASHINGTON NOTES. Ouray and ten other “good” Ute savages reached Washington on the 12th inst., and were at once conducted to the Interior Dojiartmont, whero the chief had a long and secret interview with Mr. Schurz. His companions were each givon a now suit of clothes and they spent the day in sight-soeing. The widow of President Tyler has petitioned Congress for a pension. Delegate Gannon, of Utah, indignantly denies the reports that the Mormons havo been supplying the hostile Utes with arms. The House Military Committee have agreed to favorably report a bill providing for the restoration of Fitz John Porter to the army with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and to pay him #75,000 arrears of salary.

MISCELLANEOUS GLEANINGS. Two sections of the Welland canal enlargement have been completed. The steamship Arragon, reported lost with all on board, arrived at New York last week. She left Bristol Dec. 19, and had a rough passage. News comes from the West Indies of errible floods on tho island of St. Kitts, by which 200 lives have been lost* property to the extent of #250,000 destroyed, and the whole island wasted. SL Kitts has known no such calamity sinoe 1722, when a terrific hurricane nearly destroyed the island. It is announced from Pittsburgh that the Western Nail Association has raised the card price of nails to #5, and that manufacturers expeot that the prloe will reaoh #6 by

The Democratic sentinel.

JAS. W. McEWEN Editor.

VOLUME 111.

the Ist of February. This Is the price at the mills. In May and June last the price of n&ila in Pittsburgh was #1.75 per keg. The increase up to the present time is at the rate of 185 per cent, with a promise of a further advance of 60 per cent within the month. This is part of the great iron boom, which is being pushed so rapidly and extravagantly that a reverse may be expected, whiob, if it be general, will be extremely calamitous. The annual circular of “ The Mercantile Agency of R. G. Dan A Co.,* in reference to the failures of 1879, shows a' very decided decrease in the number of fail ores as compared with. the previous year. In 1878 they ran up to 10,478, while daring the year just closed they nnmbered only 6,658, a decrease of 3,820. The decrease in the to'al of liabilities last year, as compared with the previous year, is still more remarkable, the total liabilities of parties who failed in 1878 beiDg #234,000,000; last year they amounted to only #98,000,000.

DOINGS IN CONGRESS. Bills were introduced in the Senate, on Jan. IS, a* follows: By Mr. Paddock, to find out by a commission the losses to citizens by Indian depredations ; by Mr. banders, to authorize the Secretary of the to allot lands In severalty to the Indians; by Mr. Butler, to inquire as to the expediency of establishing a Territorial Government for Alaska; by Mr. Davis (Ill.), authorizing the payment of the Oh cago, burlington and Quincy railroad for mail transportation in 187 C. The Vice President laid before the ie ate an estimate of #77,404 for the construction of officers’ quarters at Omaha. The Military Academy Appropriation bill waa passed, as were several private bi115....1n the House,bills and resolutions were presented: By Mr. Warner, to limit the paper currency of the country to its present volume: also, that the United States notes shall be of denominations not less than #1 nor more than #I,OOO, as the Secretary of the Treasury may deem best, but not more than 15 per cent, of such notes shall be in denominations larger than $100; also, directing the Secretary of the Treasury to report when and how the treasury became a member of the New York Clearing House; also, whether or not that Clearing House accept) treasury certificates payable in silver coin in set tlement of the balances: by Mr. Ballou, to reduce tho tax on deposits subject to pajment with persons and associations engaged in banking business; by F. Wood, to facilitate the refunding of the national debt; by Mr. Forsythe, to increase the circulation of naiional banks, and to relieve them from the payment of a tax on circulation, to liquidate the national debt, and to strengthen the public credit; by Mr. Shelborn, for the tiansferof tho Indian Bureau to the War department, by Mr. Davis, to restrict Chinese immigiation; by Mr. Updegraff, fixing the time for counting the vote for President and Vice President; by Mr. Caswell, for the issuing of certificates of the denomi-

nation of #1 and $2 and 50 and 25 cents; by Mr. Crittenden, for a national jail and prison; by Mr. Oox, relat.ve to a monument t > Tuemas Jelft-r son; by Mr. Clymer, exempting from taxation promissory notes issued for wages; by Mr. Willis, for tho erection of a monument to Z ichary Taylor; by Mr. Dibrell, declaring all public roads postal roads; by Mr. Springer, repealing the law for the issue of “request" envelopes; by Mr. Gunter, to equalize homesteads, also, to graduate ana reduce Die price of public lands to actual settler ; by Mr. Willits, extending the jurisdiction of United States Circuit and District Courts over crimes committed by Indians; by Mr. Upson, to prohibit and punish tbe sub-letting or trarsfer of mail-lettiags; by Mr. Belford, to create a Mil erai Bureau; by Mr. Knott, conferring upon UDfted States Circuit Courts jurisdiction in war claims: by Mr. Clardy, to put salt on tbe free list; by Mr. Ellis, subsidizing a mail route to Scotland: by Mr. Henckle, far a monument to Baron De Kalb. A resolution was adopted providing fop the appointment of a special committee of seven to examine into the method of tbe payment of pensions. Tho resolution directing the Committee < n Expenditures in the State Department to investigate the facts relative to the Consulate at Hung Kong was adopted. A communication was laid before the Senate from tbe Postmaster General, Jan. 18, asking a deficiency appropriation of #101,0(10, and a number of petitions on various subjects were presented. Mr. Morrill offfered tbe following resolution, which was laid on the table, and he announced his intention to speak upon it on Thursday: “That the Committee on Finance be instructed to inquire as to tbe practicability of refunding the national debt at a less rate than 4 per cent, interest, and also as to whether or not some effeciive provision can bo made whereby bona-fide subscriptions for sums in moderate amounts may be available, and leport by bill or otherwise.” The bill in r gard to certain Ohio courts was passed. A recommendation from the Secretary of War for an increased appropriation for copying the Confederate records was referred* Bills introduced: By Mr. Morrill, regulating tho authentication and use of proxies in meetings by Na’io.ial Bank Associations; by Mr. Salisbury, to preserve tho secrecy of telegrams; by Mr. Plumb, to establish an additional land district in Kansas; by Mr. Vest, to prohibit Clerks of Federal courts from taking fees for copying records in common-law actions in tho book called tho “Final Record.” Mr. Bayard, from the Committee on Finance, reported favorably the bill to admit f ce of duty articles intended for the Millers’ International Exhibition iu June. Passed. Official nominatio is: Land officers, William B. Lambert. Receiver of Public Moneys *t Norfolk, Neb.; Edward H.fßutler, Register of the Land Office at Norfolk, Neb.; Iliomas M. Gibson, Register of the Land Office at Dardanelie, Ark.;.. .Iu the House a bill was reported to regulate the manner of counting Presidential votes, and it was made the special order for Jan. 2(1. Tho Hot Springs Reservation bill was passed, as was an appropriation for furniture for the House. and for the purchase of works for the librai y. A number of executive communications were laid before tbe House and referred, among them one from tbe Postmaster General as to the use of the mails for lottery purposes. The .House then went into committ;e of the whole on the rules, and a long debate was indulged in. Afterward the following bills were introduced: By Mr. Shallenberger, authorizing the refunding of the na'ional debt, reducing the annual interest thereon and improving the public credit; by Mr. Willis (Ky ). for the relief of depositors in the Frecdmen’sBank.; A large number of petitions for a constitutional amendment giving the suffrage to women were presented in the Senate on the 14th lust., by Messrs. Davis (111.), the Vice President, Williams, Allison, Kirkwood, Baldwin. Ferry. Davis and Pendleton. Petitions in favor of the Bayard resolutions on the currency, and for a temperance commission were also presented. A bill to relieve the United States Treasurer from the amount now charged to him and deposited with the several States was reported; and the bill to Increase the pensions of totally-iis-able t soldiers and sailors from #SO to #72 per month was passed. A bill was introduced by Mr. Hoar, providing that the States which have claims agaim-t the United States shall present them before the Court of Claims by the Ist of March, 1881. or be forever barred. Mr. Vborhees presented a bill to carry into effect tbe treaty with the Osage Indians. The following nominations were sent in: B„ Pomeroy, Uni ed States Attorney for the Territory ot Arizona; Elihu A. White, Collector of Internal Revenue for the Second district of North Carolina; Henry M. Atkinson, United States Surveyor Oeneral for New Mexico. Registers of Land Offices—lsaac H. Wing, Bayfield, Wis.; Stephen H. Alban, Wausau, Wis.; H. W. Parker, Beatrice, Neb.; Joseph B. Bloss, Detroit, Mich.; Samuel W. Malloy, Camden, Ark.; Felix O. Clarke, Des Moines, 1a....1n the House, the bill for tho free importation of c’assical antiquities was passed. Mr. Buckner, Chairman of the Banking and Currency Committee, reported a bill that the National Bank act be so amended as to require every banking association to -keep in gold or silver coins one-half of the reserve fund now required by law. The bill remitting tbe duty on an altar from Rome for Indianapolis was passed, as was a bill allowing free import!' >u of articles for exhibition at the Cincinnati Millers’ Exhibition. Bills and commuuications introduced: By Mr. McCoid, to establish a Board of Commtssoners of Inter-State Commerce; from the President, a report of board for testing metals; from the Secretary of the Treasury, relative to tobacco dealers; from the Secretary of the Navy, asking for #IO,OGO to complete Vinnie Ream’s statue of Farragut. Another batch of suffrage petitions was presented to the Senate on the 15th inst. by Messrs. McPherson and Baldwin. Mr. Allison, from tbe Committee on Finance, announced that he was directed by that committee to report adversely on a joint resolution for the with drawal of the compulsory legal-tender power of the United States treasury notes. Mr. Bayard, from the same committee, presented the views of the minority, m favor of the resolution, which were signed by Messrs. Kernaa and Bayard, while Messrs. Wallace and Merrill reserved the right of amendment. Mr. Morgan presented the credentials of Luke Pryor, appointed Senator from Alabama. Mr. Pryor took the modified oath. Mr. Morrill called up for consideration his resolution instructing the Finance Committee to inquire into the practicability of refunding the public debt at a less rate of interest than 4 per cent., and made a speech thereon. The bill for tbe removal of all of the obstructions in Delaware Breakwater harbor was passed. The bill to establish a new land district in Dakota was passed. Adjourned to Monday....ln the House, after some miscellaneous business, consideration was resumed of the bill requiring one-half of the reserves of the national banks to be kept In gold and silver coin* of the United States. Mr. Price, of lowa, spoke In support of the bill. He declared himself opposed to any tinkering with the ournnoy, either ea to the quantity or quality

RENSSELAER. JASPER COUNTY, INDIANA, FRIDAY, JANUARY 23, 18S0.

of paper which waa circulating. He wee also opposed to the taking away of the legal-tender quality of tbe greenbacks. AU prudent men spoke in thunder tones, and said: “Let well enongh alone, f Mr. Lewis also spoke in favor of tbe bill, which went over. ’ The House th r n went into committee of the whole upon the rules, and consumed nearly the whole day without reaching a decision. Mr. Converse introduced a bill for tbe establishment of titles In the Hot Springs reservation. Mr. Sparke, Chairman of tho Committee on Military Affairs, in the House, on the morning of the 16th, report d a resolution calling on the Secretary of War for information a* to the number, rank, names, and annual pay of every officer on tlio retired list of the army. Adopted! Tlie whole day was occupied upon, tho private calendar. Mr. Sanford, from the Committee on Claims, reported a biU refunding to tiie State of Georgia #35,000 expended for common defense in 1777. Mr. Bright, Chairman of tbe Committee on Claims, reported a lesolution calUog on ho Secretary of the Treasury for a statement of tho sums of money covered into the treasury from . tho preceeds of the sale of lands for direct taxes in South Carolina. Adopted. A bill passed donating cundi mm d bronze cannon to the Morton Monument Association of Indiana.

THE MAINE MUDDLE.

Gen. Chamberlain, commander of the State militia of Maine, iseued a proclamation on the 12th inst., ref using to recognize the President of the Senate as actiDg Governor of the State. He also issued a proclamation creating “ the military division of Maine,” de-iguating himself asCommander-in-Chi' f, warning allarmod bodies of men not regularly enrolled as militia to disperse, reproducing the order of ex-Gov. Garcelon, in which he authorized Chamberlain to protect the property and institutions of tho State until his successor was duly qualified. The Republican members of the Legislature were greatly encouraged by these two manifestoes, and in the evening they filed into the Capitol and quietly took possession of it. Both houses were duly organized, and resolutions passed in each appointing a committee to wait on the Supreme ‘kinrt and ask its opinion as to the legality of the proceedings. The Fusionist Legislature had a brief session on tho 13tb, but made no attempt to transact business. Tire Republican members were not in session, having adjourned at an early hour in the morning, after an a’l-night sossion, until the 17tli.- The FuSionist committee appointed to investigate the bribery charge) mot and took considerable testimony. A cousin of William R. While swore that ane ffort was made by the latter to bribe, him, and that he himself told White that Swann cou’d be bought. White refused to obey a summons to appear before the investigating committee, alleging that it was rot legally o ganized, and had no authority to acimirister orihs or compel the attondane3cf witnesses. Maj. Gen. Chamberlain was formally called on to recognizq tho authority o' Acting-Gov. Lams m, but refused, basing k : s action on the order of Garcelon ditecting h : m to ta' e charge of tho institutions and property of the State. O. D. Baker, counsel for the Republican Advisory Committee, delivered au opinion to the effect that there was no ActiDg Governor, as Lamson, the claimant, was not President of a constitutional Senate. The situation at Augusta was virtually unchanged on the 14th. The Legislature met at the usual hour, the Republicans remaining away. The Bribery Committee met, but transacted little business. The Election Committee reported in favor of unseating Dunnell, Republican member from Westbrook, and the seating of Stiles, Democrat, on the ground that Dunnell had but twe majority, and three men at least voted for h m who had no right to do so. Action on the report was postponed. Everything was quiet at Augusta on the 15th. In the House tho Committee on Elections reported, giving the seat of Donnells, of Weetbrooke, Republican, to Merritt W. Stiles, Democrat The report waa carried without opposition, and Stiles qualified and took Ilia seat* Acting Governor Lamson issued an order to the Sheriff of Kennebec county, informing him that bis deputies were no. longer required to protect the public buildirgs, and directing him to dismiss them. The Sheriff refused to obey the order. The House Bribery Committee continued its investigations, but elicited nothing of importance.

Tlte Maine Supreme Court, on tho 16th inst., answered all the interrogations submitted to it by the Legislature. Tho decision was in favo* of tho Republicans and adverse to the Fusionists upon overy point. The Legislature Went into tue eleciion of a Governor, the choice falling on Maj. Joseph L. Smith. Other State officers were also chosen. In the House, tho report of the Election Committee declaring William Murray, Fusionist, of Vassalboro, elected to a seat * instead of Rev. Dr. Nathaniel Butler, Republican, was adopted, thus bringing tbe members of the House to 77. Gov. Smith delivered a brief inaugural address} and also issued an order relieving Gen. Chamberlain from the command of the State militia. The Briboiy Committee continued its investigation. Thomas B. Swann repeated in greater detail the statements previously made by him in regard to the methods adopted by Wallace R. White to induce him to stay away from the House.or resign his seat. Solon Chase corroborated Swann's tostimonv in certain particulars. James O. White, member of the Legislature and cousin of Wallace R. White, testified that the latter offered him SI,OOJ to stay away from the Legislature. Wentworth and Cushman, members of the House, swore that efforts were made to bribe them to absent themselves from the State House. Saturday,-the 17th of January, was a lively day at the Maine State capital. The Fusion Legislature met in the forenoon, and, after the appointment of committees by both the Senate and House to take into consideration the situation of affairs and report upon the best mode of procedure, adjourned until Monday, tho 19th. Immediately after the Funionist's disEersed the Republican members of the legislature took possession of the State House and elected Daniel F. Davis Governor, 8. J. Chadborne Secretary of State, J. W. Foglor Treasurer, H. B. Cleaves Attorney General and 8. J. Gallaghan Adjutant General. Davis was sworn in as Governor and delivered an inaugural address, 1 After the transaction of some routine business both houses quietly adjourned. During the session Blaine came upon the floor of the House and was received with the wildest demonstrations of applause.

White River Massacre Investigation.

The Committee on Indian Affairs in the House of Representatives are engaged at Washington in investigating the! cause of the Ute outbreak at the’White River Agency in Colorado. Gen. Adams was the first witness examined. He simply told the story of his personal connectioft with the Indian troubles—a story whieh has already been often told in the newspapers. It comprised his appointment by Mr. Schurz as a Special Agent of the Indian Bureau last fall, while Mr. Schurz was in Colorado. At that time Adams was an employe in the Postoffice Department. He went to Los Pinos, and was conversant with the incidents of the Thornburgh fight and the Meeker massacre. He thinks Meeker was largely to blame for those calamities. He was a cranky old man, with set notions, and frequently embroiled himself in quarrels. On one occasion two young men went out into the prairie and set the grass on fire, with the intent to scare Meeker. The latter at once sent for soldiers. These came, and Thornburgh’s ill-fated expedition was the result. The Indians became very much alarmed. In one of the subsequent quarrels between them and Meeker he met his death. Adams told his story from beginning to close with few interruptions. He offered no opinions on the situation, nor was he asked to. He is known to be a firm friend of Mr. Schurz.

A Close Shave.

A Boston lady,' ■whose husband was frequently afflicted with nightmare, was one night awakened by a noise, and to her horror she saw her husband sitting up in bed, saying in a whisper: “ Now I have him; he can’t escape!” and pointing his pistol at an imaginary burglar. His fiDger was on the trigger, and he was aiming directly at the head of the baby in its cradle. Quick as lightning his wife said in a low tone, “ Too low! aim higher!” He raised the pistol; she snatched it from his hand, and the danger was over.

“A Firm Adherence to Correct Principles

HOME INTERESTS.

God Save the Orphan. Rums*Her. what are you doing? God of the universe! say. Selling that poor boy liquor— Taking his money away— Taking it from the poor orphan— Father and mother both dead ? PityiDg angels of mercy. Spread your white wings o'er his head! Wings that have been up to heaven, Prayers from a mother’s whit* lips, Wrung frojn a heart torn an i bleeding, Save from tbe “Corse” he now sips. Low on her keces we have ee; n her. Hands damped with agony’s might. Pleading, “Ob. God, save my darling, Lead him in paths s fe and right. “When the cold clods of the valley Over my bosom are spread, Save him, dear, dear, blessed Savior, When hia poor mother is dead! Though my own life be tbe ' orbit, Freely I give it, with joj ; Anything, Lord, Thou requirest, Only to save my poor boy. ” Is there a god? One who heareth Prayers such as this? Tell me, pray! Ruroseller, well may yon tremble; There’s a “drawn sword” in the way. Are not those precious tears treasured Safe in the bottles of God? Though the fond eyes that have wept them >• Moldering lie ’neath the sod; Though the tom heart lies all pulseless, Though the wrung bosom >s still, God can aveDge the poor orphan— Gol c'lh avenge, and He id V. Rnniseller, listen: Thy children. Or children’s children—yes, thine Yet maybe orphaned, and demons Such as thou art tempt with wine; Rob them of honor and virtue; Steal their inheritance, too; As you have done unto others So will they clo unto yon. Still our cry; save the poor orphan; Lot your white wings be outspread; Ang Is ot mercy, protect him, Now his poor mother is dead ! Angelica, N. Y. M. Lett* Lee.

Flowers from Seeds. Flowers are as necessary to some people’s existence as the air they breathe or tho water they drink, and an ail-wise, generous Providence has scattered them lavishly all over this broad and beautiful continent Flowers abound on the mountaintop, iu the shady dell, by rippling streams, and grow in tho silvery lakes; and it seems tome everybody should learn to love these beautiful objects of nature, and in contemplating them look up with reverence to Nature’s God. Ti e cultivation of floweis is especially to be commi nded as an amusement for children, teaching them to be patient and hopeful. I have loved flowers from as long as I can remember, and as I write the memories of tbe past come crowding iu upon me. When less than 4 years of age I planted some peas in a pot and set them in a window to see how soonthey would sprout. I have been thinking a great deal about my boyhood lately, how as I grew up tho love of flowers grew with me. and would like to get my young friends in tho same way of tninkiug. Allplauts which reproduce them»elves by seeds are divided into three main classes— Annuals, Biennials and Perennials—and these .again, according to their coLStitution are subdivided into tender, half-hardy and hardy varieties. At this time I shall speak only of tho Annuals, and from time to time, in subsequent letters, shall have something to say about the others. Annuals aro (hose plants which produce their, seeds in the same year in which they are sown, ind then die. Annuals aro so cheap and easily grown they m*v be called everybody’s flowers There I? not a boy or girl or a man or woman, who has if no more than a box on tbe window-sill, who cannot raiee some of the hardy sor's. Although common, some of the sweetest flowers are to be found among the Annuals. There is the fragrant Migu< nette, and the very oil-fashioned Four O'clock, and many others.

Now, let us suppose you are provide! with seec’s of hardy Annuals—that is, such as may be safely sown in the open ground after the weather becomes warm and settled. Having carefully prepared the seed-bed, making the soil mellow by digging and raking, the seeds may th n be sown ei her broadcast or in drills and covered very slightly with sand and sandy soil. When the seedlings come uu they muri be kept free from weeds, and, if at all thick in the secd-bed, transplant them on a rainy day. Most people are anxious to have flowers greet them as soon as possible, and, to hasten their early maturity, hot beds, coid frames, and boxes in the window are all resorted to. These letters are written for the masses, the great majority of whom have no better way of starting their flower seeds than in the house. For this purpose get a soap box at your grocery store, and cut it into throe portions. Iu this way you get two complete boxes, and the sides of another, so that it only needs a bottom put on it Have ready some soil, made up of equal parts of sand, soil, and rotted manure. Run the whole through a sieve to take out tho lumps. Fill your boxes, and then pat the surface with a smooth board; thensrw your seeds, dusting over them barely sufficient soil to hide them from your view. If the soil be pressed down upon the seeds they will start more rapidly. You must observe, once the seeds arc sprouted never let them go dry; on the other hand guard against dampiDg off, which is caused by want of air and sunshine, and too much water. All the fine small seeds should be started in the house,- such as the Petunia, Double Daisy, Snapdragon, etc., and I advise you not to cover them at all, but simply to press them into the soil Everybody loves the Verbena, and most people admire the lovely bed of them in the summer. They are easily grown from the seed if you only have patience, and the flowers of Verbenas produced from seed are nearly always fragrant, besides being far more plentifully produced than on a plant raised from a cutting. Florists sell Verbena plants in great quantity every year, but they would not dispose of anything like so many if people will raise them from the see A To the Annuals we ate maitily indebted for the lovely beds of glorious-lined flowers in summer and autumn. The Asters linger with us until destroyed by frost, and there are so many varieties, some of them should be in every garden. Then the beautiful Phlox Drummondii with its hosts of marvelous shades in coloring, and that pretty Salamander, the Portulacca, enduring tho hottest sun with impunity, and throwing wide its many-colored flowers to tho noonday sun when* all others are closed by the intenee heat. A bed of blotehed and striped Petunias is one of the most beautiful sights, in a well-kept -garden. Every now and then some one writes me about double Petunia seed. The double Petunia does not produce seed,.and to got the double flowers from seed a very difficult and tedious process has to be gone through, termed by florists the art of hybridizing. For this purpose single varieties of most perfect shape and coloring are selected, and fertilized with pollen taken with a camel’shair brush from tho double varieties. It requires great skill on the part of the manipulator, and from the seeds, thus ob ained, acer tain percentage may be expected to produce dojible flowers. These seeds are very costly, being sold, ■ at wholesale, by one of the most prominent seedsmen in America, at #IOO per oirncc. Mr, Rennie. Ainsworth, Washington county, lowa.

Orlena Makes a X'lea for the Poor. This weather is doleful and dismal enough, but we ought to be thankful that it is not so bitter cold as to necessitate the Duming of a large quantity of fuel. Not on our own account, perhaps, but because so many thousands of families a.re obliged to subsist on the most meager diet, covered with the scantiest clothing, and with only a few old rags for covering at night. A saving, in fact, to them is an extension of life. A little fire is necessary to keep out the dampness, but they are freed "from the pinching, biting frost as long as this gloomy state of weatli r continues. It is very disagreeable to step ont in, to be sure, and the broad promenade where the fashionables do congregate is almost deserted, but a short season of in-door quiet may have a beneficial effect upon their organisms, Doth bodily and mental. The bazars that were flaming in gaudy trappings before the holidays have quite a forlorn appearance, and business has received a sudden quietus in that direction. They have had their harvest and can afford to give up their run of custom while the poor lit le shivering forms that were denied even a giimpseof the toys that were paraded so temptingly in the show windows gain a little respite from the cutting blasts that the harsh winter brings in its train. The shoeless feet have a respite now, and the little bine toes that ache so terribly when they settle into the cold, white drifts that are piled up before the door, or sifted in through the tottering walls while the merciless Frost King is wielding his scepter, find a little rest from his clutohes, for the handful of embers smoldering upon tbe hearth, with no bitter enemy to battle with, can lend their caressing warmth to oomers where the sternness of the Frost King would not permit it to enter. It is

a gracious gift to the poor, this long siege of warmth where pitiless winds and tedious storms might have been expected. The crisp snow and icy breeze m'ght be more conducive to the happiness and pleasure of eociety worshipers, but tney m ght well be contented to accept the mnddy crossings, so that they escape the pinching hanger and biting cold that is usually the fate of the abject poor. Iu some cases this terrible poverty that clings to its victims is the result of extravagance and mismanagement, but in many more cases that of sickness and the loss of wages through the treachery of bankers or employers. A man wi'h a large family and only his two hands to furnish food, clothing, fuel and rent, may well bi driven to the verge of despair by the constant strain of muscle and btain in the endeavor to keep up with his daily-recun ing expenses. The wives and children in such eases must suffer, and it is no wonder that sin cornea in when hope goes out. I hose who have no want or wish unsatisfied in this world must be happy indeeL -But are there any such? Is there not a glimmer of discontent in every mind, no matter whether the well-filled coffer or the desolate garret is their portion ? Some unexpressed sorrow, perhaps, bringing its sorrow and regret. Gblema. Chicago, 111. Fancy Work. I thoroughly enjoy the pastime, and cannot, as many others do, feel it to be a loss of time. Of course if it is done to the neglect of duties, the wrong is inevitable. My fancy work is usually done at times when I would be occupied by nothing else; twilight, for instance, when too dark for substantial work, and too early to light the gas, by which to read. To be sure, the eventide is of short -duration these wintry days; and again after tea, when all are assembled iu the parlor or sit ing-room, when one reads aloud' let the fingers of the othorn be busy. Surely, every row of crocheting or knitting counts, and finally, jvbeu the article is completed, you wonder when you could have dono it, as the time has been scarcely missed. Here are directions for a pretty and durable toilet set: White or colored Turkish toweling—a yard and a half ought to be au abundance—cur into tho desired shapes: An oblong squaro for tbe splasher, large round one for tiie wa-sh-bowl, oval for the soap-dish, and sma’l round ones for brush-tree, large and small pitchers—you can better judge by the size of your set. Turn each e-'go down for a hem; button-hole stitch all around with colored. ZQphyr, but do not have the slitclies two close together; finish with a shell and a S'allop. Briar-stitch a border just inside the hem, and work an initial in the center of the splasher. They can, of coarse, be washed when soiled, thus lasting a long time. Edna Chicago, 111.

Bed-Bug Exterminator. Here is a bed-bug remedy that I have fully tested: it is not a poieon to persons and will snroly kill every bed-bug and nit it touches, and is tho best grease-eraser 1 ever saw. It is called, “Renovating Mixture for Removing Grease, Shampooing, and Killing BedBugs. ” One quart soft water, two ounces aqua ammonia, or e teaspoon saltpeter, one ounce variegated shaving soap, finely pcraped (B«.bbiu’s will do). Mix all and let stand a few hours, or, if needed immediately, heat moderately; apply wi’h a small sash or paint brusti to cveiy crevice the bugs infest.* It is sure death to every one it touches, also to the nits. To remove grease, cover the grease spot with the mixture, rub well with a brush (or sponge, if the fabric is delicate), then wash off with clear water. It will not injure anything any more than water will. To clean carpets I hut mine out on a grass-plat, pour the mixture on the grease spots, scrub with a scrub-brush such as 1 use on wood, then wash off with clear water. It is a very great help to housekeepers, and is taken from “Dr. Cha o’s Receipt Book,” page 277. Mrs. J. Darling. Mondovi, Wis. Mary Juno’s Recipes. Suet pudding—one cup chopped suet, one cup molasses, one-half cup sour milk, one heaping teaspoon soda, one teaspoon cinnamon, one cup raisins, one cup currants, pinc’i of salt and flour to make quite stiff. Steam two hours. Sauca for the above—three table-spoons sugar, one large heapiDg table-spoon vinegar, butter size walnut. Stir all together, and pour on one pint water and let boil tire minutes. C.ffee cake—one cup brown sugar, one cup molasses, 0.. e cup bu tir, one cup strong, cold, steeped coffee, one teaspoon each doves, cinnamon, allspice and soda, five cups flour, and lastly add two cups currants and one cup raisins. Mary Jane. Adair, lowa.

ITEMS OF INTEREST.

It would require au express traiD, moving at the rate of sixty miles an hour, 171 years to reach the sun, could it travel directly toward it. The pianoforte was invented by a German named Americus Backers, and was first used in public at Covent Garden Theater, iu the year 1767. The existence of animal life in the moon is said by astronomers to be impossible on account of the absence of any atmosphere and the extremes of heat and cold. The seven wise men of Greece were Solon, of Athens; Chilo, of Sparta; Thales, of Miletos; Bias, of Prisue; Cleobnlus, of Lindos;, Pitticus, of Mitylene; Periander, of Corinth. Leap year originated with the astronomers of Julius Caesar, 45 B. C. They fixed the solar year at 365 days six hours, comprising, as (hey thought, the period from one vernal equinox to another. The six hours were set aside, and, at tho end of four years, forming a day, the fourth year was made to con sist of 366 days. The day thus added was called intercalary, and was placed a day before the 24th of February, the sixth of the calends, which was reckoned twice. This added day with us is Feb. 29. After long coaxing, with no little use of the whip, we have seen a balky horse started by putting a lump of dirt iu its mouth. The mind of the animal seems to be set on not going, and the point to be gained is to divert it from the idea entertained, and this the earth does effectually. So soon as the horse gives his attention to getting rid of the earth out of its mouth, it forgets its balkiness and can be started.

Gov. Trumbule, of Connecticut;, was the original Brother Jonathan. In the Revolutionary war Washington, being in great want of supplies for the army, and having unbounded confidence in in his friend, Jonathan Trumbull, Governor of Connecticut, said: “We must consult Brother Jonathan." Brother Jonathan was consulted on all occasions by Washington, and was accepted as the national name of the Americans as a people. The original “ Mother Goose” was the mother-in-law of Thomas Fleet, the editor, in 1731, of the Boßtoa Weekly Rehearsal, The “ old woman ’of these world-famous melodies belonged to a wealthy family in Boston, where her daughter, Elizabeth Goose, was married by Cotton Mather, in 1715, to Fleet. Like mothers-in-law generally, the importance of Mrs. Goose increased with the appearance of her first grandchild; and poor Mr. Fleet, half distracted with her endless nursery ditties, finding other means to fail, tried ridicule, and printed a book with the title of “ Mother Goose’s Melodies for Children; or, Songs for the Nursery.” Prof. Stephenson, of the Hayden surveying party in New Mexico, says that the Aztecs are a myth, and that the tribes of Indians known as cliffdwellers are to be credited with all the romance attaching to the Aztec name.

RICH MEN OF NEW YORK.

The Last Generation— A ccumuluted and Inherited Fortunes. Fifty years ago, almost, as we can well remember, says Ihe Independent, there were probably not more than two millionaires in the city of New York, viz., John Jacob Astor and Stephen Whitney. The former was then estimated to b© worth f 5,000,000, and the latter $1,500,000. Mr. Astor was then, undoubtedly, the most wealthy man in America, and there were but few, probably not a hundred, in the world who were really worth more than he. Astor had accumulated his gpeat property in the fur business. Whitney had made a large proportion of bis money in the purchase and sale of cotton. He also inherited a considerable property. These two men at that time stood alone, as we have said, as “millionaires” in this city. Ten years later, or say in 1840, there were several others who could count their million. We refer to Peter G. Stuyvesant, Stephen Van Rensselaer, Jonathan Hunt, Peter Lonllarj, Jacob Lonllard, William B. Crosby (grand-nephew of the rich Henry Rutgers), James Lenox. Possibly there were a few other persons who should be included in this list.

We could give a very long list of men who were conspicuous in business circles in New York between the years 1810 and 1850, besides those above nan#ed, who were then classed among the rich men of the city, worth probably half a million each. Alexander T. Stewart and Cornelius Vanderbilt were not at that time rated as worth $500,000 each; but they undoubtedly were, and possibly should be classed among the few millionaires of those days. It would be almost impossible to give a correct list of the millionaires of New York at the present time. They doubtless number more than 1,000, while some might estimate the number at 2,000. There are now also a regiment of men in New York who are worth $2,000,000 oi more, up to $20,000,000. There is but one individual, probably, iu this city whose total properly would inventory above $75,000,000. We refer to Mr. William H. Vanderbilt, whose interest in the stock of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad Company alone is said to amount to over $60,000,000. He is also the holder of a large amount of other securities, including those of Lake Shore, Canada Southern and Michgan Central railroads, besides several millions of governments and a consid erabie amount of real estate. The total value of Mr. Vanderbilt’s property, we think, is at least $90,000,000, and it may possibly (as some think) amount to the round sum of $100,000,000. The estate of Mr. William B. Astor, at the time of his death, was generally estimated at' over $50,000,600. Very few persons believed in much higher figures. Since the division oi the William B. Astor properly real estate, in which most of his money was invested, has fallen greatly, and the total property now left by him would not now, probably, bring his heirs over $40,000,000. ' Those who are supposed to have reliable sources of information estimated the total value of tho property of Mr. Alexander T. Stewart at the lime of his decease at $60,000,000. The depression since in real estate would probably bring the figures down to $50,000,000 or less; although there are those who affirm that the Stewart property, held by Mrs. Stewart and Judge Hilton, would inventory now at $60,000,000 or more. There are not now living in the world, probably, more than five or six persons who are worth as much money as Mr. Wm. H. Vanderbilt, and it is possible there is not onß. The firm of Rothschilds in Europe has a larger aggregate property than Mr. Vanderbilt, but it is doubtful whether either single member of this eminent banking firm is worth $100,000,000. There are three or four persons among the nobility of England who hold a vast amount of property handed down to them through many generations, and among these may be found, per Baps, one or more ptjsons who have the control of property which they cannot sell worth $109,000,000. When fifty years more shall roll round, there will doubtless be found hundreds of men who will be able to show far greater wealth than any of those now on the stage; but we will not attempt to make figures for that distant period.

Do the Dying Sufter Pain ?

People do not like to think of death. It is an unpleasant subject; but it constantly obtrudes itself, and there has been much speculation as to whether mental or physical pain attends the final act. Observation teaches us that there is little pain of either kind in dying. Experience will come to us all one of these days, but it will come too late to benefit those who remain. It seems to be a kind provision of nature that, as we approach the dread event, our terrors diminish, and the coward and the hero die alike'—fearless, indifferent, or resigned. As to physical pain, Dr. Edward H. Clark says: “ The rule is that unconsciousness, not pain, attends the final act. To the subject of it, death is no more painful than birth. Painlessly we come; whence we know not. Painlessly we go; whither we know not. Nature kindly provides an anaesthetic for the body when the spirit leaves it. Previous to that moment and in preparation for it, respiration becomes feeble, generally slow and short, often accomplished by long inspirations and by short, sudden expirations, so that the blood is steadily less and less oxygenated. At the same time the heart acts with corresponding debility, producing a Blow, feeble, and often irregular pulse. As this process goes od, the blood is not only driven to the head with diminished force and in less quantity, but what flows there is loaded more and more with carbonic acid gas, a powerful amesthetic, the same as that derived from charcoal. Subject to its influence, the nerve centers lose consciousness and sensibility, apparent sleep creeps over the system; then comes stupor, and then the. end.”

The Most Northern Point of the United States.

William A. Mowry writes in the New England Journal of Education: If the question were a9ked, “Which is the most northern part of the United States, excepting Alaska?” perhaps many would say, “The line of i'J deg., fiom the Lake of the Woods to the Strait of He Fuca.” But that answer would be tncorrect. There is a point where the United States reaches 49 deg. 28 min. 54 sec. north latitude.

$1.50 Der Annum.

NUMBER 50.

It ia in longitude 95 deg. 14 min. 33 see. west from Greenwich. In other words, at the Lake of the Woods* in Minnesota, our territory includes a small area reaching beyond 49 deg. more than twenty-five miles. This little excrescence, jutting out into British America, is recently put down in some of our maps, but I have pot seen it on many of them. It is indicated, though roughly, upon Case’s large map of the United States and upon a large map published by the Government and issued by the Land Office. I observe it also in “Warren’s School Geographies.”

GRANT AND THE OLD RING.

Chorpenning Creswell, who wants a “strong man” in the White House, and Boss Shepherd were among the last to shake hands with Grant when he started from Washington on his trip to Mexico. They were among his special intimates during two terms, and they look forward to a~third term in the hope of a permanent restoration of shoddy and stealing. This is the faith of all the ring chiefs and great thieves. They say, “Put ns once more in office, and, with the purse and the sword, we shall know how to retain possession, no matter which way elections may go.” The Grant movement involves, therefore, much more than a third term. It contemplates a radical ohange in our institutions, to be brought about by the agency of a subservient Supreme Court, which, in the event of success, would be appointed by Grant—there being four or five prospective vacancies—and a slanding army to support its decrees. He packed that court in 1870 to reverse the judgment in favor of specie payments, as obligatory under the constitution, and thus prepared the way for the crash of 1873.

Give him the opportunity and he would pack it again for even a worse object. Nothing would be easier than to find venal and partisan Judges, not only ready but anxious to overthrow the local Governments of the States, and to build up a centralized Government on the ruins of a system by which alone the Union can be preserved. Destroy it, and there will be no United States. Hence, the full meaning of the scheme which Conkling, Cameron and other Republican managers are now forwarding with recklees indifference to consequences and with supreme contempt of all rivalry, must be looked squarely in the face. It is a foul conspiracy to seize and to despoil the Government, by a corrupt cabal and by ambitions leaders who have staked money, character and hopes of distinction on the coming contest. The promoters of this plot want Grant out of the country during the political agitation in Congress. They kept him traveling for over two years, and footed the bills, with the Presidential campaign in view. They recalled him from a projected journey to Australia io start the recent costly ovations, which were a prepared part of the programme. They will bring him back through the South next spring just before the meeting of the National Convention. And then it is intended to rush his nomination through with the shout of a hired mob at Chicago. Perhaps this plan can be worked out successfully, and perhaps not. The friends of Blaine and Sherman and other aspirants will have to submit tamely before it can win. There is abundant time for reflection and for concentration in the next three or four months. But whether this opposition be well organized or not’, there are elements inside the Republican party quite independent of any leadership that will insure Grant’s defeat if the conservative opinion of the country is represented by a candidate known to have been faithful to the Union in its day of trial. —New York Sun.

Laying Back the Ears.

The expressive gestures which many animals make with their ears are matters of familiar observation. Nothing is-more significant than the drawing back and pressure of the ears to the head, •vshioh indicates a savage frame of mind. Mi. Darwin, in his recent work on the mpans of expression in men and animals, gives an ingenious explanation of this movement. Ho observes that it is only found in the species which fight with their teeth. All the carnivora do this, and all, so far as he has observed, draw back their ears when feeliDg savage. This may be continually seen with dogs fighting in earnest, or perhaps fighting in play. Cats, tigers, leopards and lynxes show the same peculiarity. It is very noticeable in horses, and the vicious expression it gives them is unmistakable. But cattle, sheep or goats, though they fight, never use their teeth in fighting, and never draw back their ears when enraged. The elephant, which fights with its tusks, does not retract its ears, but, on the contrary, erects them when rushing at an enemy. The connection between biting as a means of warfare and laying back the ears as a sign of anger is so uniform, and the exceptions are so few, that Mr. Darwin’s explanation of the origin of the habit is highly probable. He says animals which fight in this way try to bite each other’s ears, and, reversely, being conscious that the ear is a weak point of attack, lay it back upon the head to keep it out of the way. This habit, being deepened into an instinct through many generations, has become so associated with the feeling attendant upon warfare that the ‘ ears are depressed even by an amount of anger too slight to find any other expression. The opposite movement of pricking the ears forward to express attention is so natural as to need no special explanation. It is generally accompanied by an elevation and turning of the head

Longevity of Berman Generals.

Prussian Generals seem to enjoy a rare longevity. Without reckoning Marshals Yon Moltke and Yon Boon there isfound in the higher grades of the army a body of men who began their military caieers three-quarters of a.century ago. Gen. Von Schreibershofen, born in 1785, entered the service in 1797, and, after having risen through all the intermediate grades in the long wars which marked the beginning of this century, was created a Major General in 1829. On the Ist of November last he celebrated the fiftieth anniver sary of bis elevation to that dignity. at the green old age of 95, this veteran displays an almost youthful vigor.

§femocnttiq JOB PRINTING OFFICE Ktt better (actlittai than any office in Northwester* Indiana for the execute* of all branch** of JOB PRINTING. PROMPTNESS A SPECIALTY. Anything, from a Dodger to a Prloe-Llat, or from % rtmphlet to a Footer, hlaok or colored, plain or fancy. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

INDIANA ITEMS.

W. R. Albright, ex-Sheriff, has died at Tipton. The raging Wabash has done great damage in the overflow of the lowlands all along its oourse. The settlements of County Treasurers with the State Treasurer show 10 per cent, better collections than last year. At Belleville, in a fight between Wm, Millikin and Henry Crone, Elwood Millikin defended his father by fatally stabbing Crone in the back. The dispute was over a dog. Henry C. Bateman, of Lewisville, Heury county, after losing $1,200 at poker, attempted to commit suicide at his hotel in Richmond, but failed from taking an overdose of drugs. A man living near Shelbyville recently killed a black sDake which measured fifty-seven inches in length. His snakeship was quite lively, and had evidently mistaken the time of year.

The State House Commissioners havo decided to clpso up the State House grounds for the winter, as much damage is liablo to be done to the foundation already put in, by munerous visitors. Train sixteen on the Indianapolis, Peru and Chicago railway broke in two going down the grade noar Denver, the hind end striking the front end, completely wrecking ten enrs, fatally injuring a tramp, and slightly injuring two brakemen. The Supremo Court of Indiana holds that husband and wifo arc competent witnesses for or against each other, save with respect to confidential communications made during wedlock, and when the husband is suing for damages by the seduction of his wife. The administrators of the late John Purdue’s estate, J. J. Perrin and J. 11. Wiebers, paid over to M. L. Pierce, Treasurer of Purdue University, the sum of $29,019.57, it being the final payment of the sum of $150,000 donated by Mr. Purdue. The State Dairymen’s Association have elected, the following officers: President, Asher Kellum; Vice President, G. Jackson; Secretary, E. J. Beeles; Treasurer,-G. C. Stephens. It adjourned to meet on the Thursday after the first Monday in January, 1881.

The State Board of Agriculture elected the following officers: President, W. H. Ragan, of Hendricks; Secretary, Alexander Herron, of Fayette; Treasurer, J. A. Wildman, of Marion ; General Superintendent, Fielding Buler, of Marion. The Secretary is the only officer re-elected. The Indiana Poultry Association elected the following officers: President, A. C. Bale; Vice President, T. N. Barker; Secretary and Treasurer, W. J. Elston. The report shows that the receipts of the recent exhibition, which was under the auspices of the society, was sufficient to pay all premiums, and leave a balance in the treasury. The Indiana Mexican Veterans’ Association, fifty strong, met recently. A letter was received from Joo Lane, of Oregon, regretting the apathy of Congress toward the claims of Mexican soldiers to a pension. A memorial was adopted asking Congress to equalize bounties. Among those present was Jacob Fox, of Dearborn county, who fired the first gun in the war. He was a member of Ringgold’s battery, and began the music at Palo Alto. Twelve heirs to the fabulous Springer estate of $80,000,000 have turned up in Howard county, namely: Charles F., Thomas W., Leander F., George A., Margaret H., Harry M., Louis H. and Louisa H., children of Louis F. Springer, who died in Kokomo in 1859; and Ed E. and William Springer, of another family. There is little doubt that the children of Louis F. Springer are legitimate heirs of the estate. Before his death Mr. S. prepared a geneiilogical chart, at great expense and labor, tracing his lineage without a missing link back to the ancient family stem, whose progenitor was Charles Christopher Springer, a Swedish nobleman, and who was the founder of an American colony that settled on the site where the city of Wilmington, Del., now stands, in the latter part of the seventeenth century, and which tract of land, embracing 300 acres, valued at $80,000,000, has recently been declared the legitimate inheritance of the lineal descendants of Charles Christopher Springer.

Astronomical Progress.

Mr. Proctor, the astronomer, recently expressed the opinion that Mars was the only planet beside the earth old enough to be inhabited. The others, he thinks, are still glowing with heat. He also uttered the following opinion : “ The stars are rapidly ceasing to be regardedjas objects of beauty simply, and the time is approaching when intelligent people will be ashamed to gaze in indifferent admiration upon the firmament and acknowledge their ignorance in a field which the vast strides of modern science have made accessible to all. “Draper’s discovery of oxygen in the sun is the most important fact in modern astronomical research, because it shows that the sun is in part composed of elements like the earth’s. “ Saturn’s rings ‘will eventually resolve themselves into moons, and the dark places on the moon are not mountains or seas, but simply indentations, and therefore less luminous. The black spots visible upon the surface of the sun are but holes through the surrounding envelope through which only the parent mass can be seen.”

W hat Tobacco is Made Of.

We have heard the tobacco-user claim that the weed was food and drink to him, but never thoroughly believed him until a British Parliamentary report on adulteration set forth the following schedule: “Sugar, alum, lime, flour or meal, rhubarb leaves, saltpeter, fuller’s earth, starch, malt commings, chromate of lead, peat, moss, molasses, burdock leaves, common salt, endive leaves, lampblack, gum, red dye, ablack dye composed of vegetable red and licorice, scraps of newspaper, cinnamon srick, cabbage leaves and straw brown paper.” This is convincing. Not only is it food and drink, but it is also home and land, paint-shop and literature, with drugs, oondiments and chemicals thrown in ad libitum. Verily, tobacco is potent, but a little diffusive.— Bouton Transcript, It is the man with the rheumatism who is every inoh * King.