Democratic Sentinel, Volume 3, Number 34, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 3 October 1879 — Page 1

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NEWS OF THE WEEK.

vobsiom nnwi. The most terrible incendiarism of modern times is that briefly detailed in recent cable dispatches, resulting in the almost total destruction of the city of Kiev, in Russia. During a severe storm the city was fired simultaneously in a number of places, including the powder magazine, and the flames raged unchecked until the second day after breaking out. Beside the vast destruction of property, necessarily impoverishing the mass of the population, a number of lives were sacrificed, adding the crowning horror to one of the most hideous crimes of the- country. The commander of the Cabul mutineers has been executed by order of the Ameer. Bismarck arrived in Vienna Sept. 22, and had a meeting with Andrassy, the Austrian Premier. Late cable dispatches announce the conclusion of the terms of peace by Hir Garnet Wolseley with the Zulu chiefs. One of the most important stipulations of the treaty is aimed at the very efficient military system of the Zulus. This was based upon the requirement that the young warriors should not be permitted to marry until after service in battle, and distinguishing themselves by their courage. The treaty stipulation does away with that requirement. A ghastly story comes from the beautiful vale of Cashmere, to the effect that two boat-loads of famine stricken people wore taken out into the lake and drowned. Orders have been sent by the British Government to the Acting Resident of Mandalay, Burmah, to leave with his party as soon as ho can without betraying undignified haste or the appearance of fear. The Mark Lane Express reports that in England much grain has been stacked in such condition as renders sprouting almost inevitable, and that in Scotland the outlook is most gloomy. The crop is backward, the fields being yet green, and the season is now so far advanced that the prospect of the crop maturing is reduced to a minimum. "When the long-expected general European war commences Germany and Austria will be found side by side. The conference between Bismarck and Andrassy at Vienna has made this as certain as anything within human calculations can be. Stanley, having with characteristic pluek solved the mystery of the Nile, is now announced by a cable dispatch to have proceeded upon his expedition on the Congo. It is more than 1,800 years since Pompeii disappeared-under the deluge of flame and ashes from Vesuvius, yet the first celebration of that not-very- 'hcerful event has just been held The exercises were held on the site of the ancient city, and consisted of add rows, excavations and researches. The quarrel between Germany and Japan is reputed to be growing more, serious The Russian expedition against the Turcomans is meeting with serious opposition, and reinforcements have been called for. There were 2/178 incendiary tires in Russia during the month of August, involving the destruction of >IS ) IXK*,IX>('. There is considerable excitement in Ireland and in some parts of England, growing out of the land-rent agitation. The farmtenants are openly resisting the payment of tlie high rents, anil serious trouble is apprehended. Seventy farmers from Sweden have sailed for Americi, intending to settle in Manitoba. If their undertaking proves successful, they will bo joined by GOO Swedes next soring. The British troops in Afghanistan are advancing on Cabal in throe columns. It is sai l the Ameer’s troops will not oppose the advancing columns. A Constantinople correspondent telegraphs: “It is thought an understanding between Greece and Tn 1 key ii impossible. Warlike preparations are progressing on both sides. It is the opinion here that Austria is obstructing the efforts for an understanding, and that, in the event of hostilities, she would immediately occupy Macedonia. Prince Lobanoff is the bearer of a project for an alliance between Russia and Turkey. It is rumored that Russia is willing to renounce W<0,000,000 francs of war indemnity, and to give back some of the former provinces of Tin key in Asia.”

DOMESTIC INTRLUGHNOJI. IRat-t, A strange tragedy was enacted in Blratlonl, Ct, a few days ago. Rev. Dexter I . Lmnsbery, of Christ Episcopal Church, was shot and instantly killed by his wife. Both was. in bed together, ho sleeping. About 5:3(1 a m. she drew a revolver from finder the pillow and placed the muzzle close to his right ear, and fired; then ran up stairs and told the servant girl, “I’ve killed my husband.” Both came down, and the servant and an 11-year-old daughter, Anna, ran to give the alarm and call the doctor. The latter says death was instantaneous. At the Coroner’s inquest it cimeout that M rs. Lonnsbery was insane, for a cause peculiar to females. She has since recovered er e.ison, and is in great grief. The great six days’ pedestrian contest at Madison Square Gardens, New York, for the Astley belt, emblematic of the world’s champiousbip, was won by Rowell, the Englishman. The official score stood as follows: Rowell, 530 miles; Merritt, 515 miles; Haz-.01, 500% miles; Hart, 482}< miles; Guyon, 471 miles; Weston, 455 miles; Emu's, 450 miles; Krohne, 4 miles; Taylor, 250 J-g miles. A fire at Gloucester, Mass., last week, burned a hotel and several stores. Loss estimated at $75,000. South. Nashville negroes have taken up the exodus where their Louisiana and Mississippi brethren left off, and are traveling Kansasward by tho train-load. One hundred left last week for the promised lan*, and many others will follow. There were eleven deaths from yellow fever and twenty-nine new cases at Memphis for the two days Sept. 32-23. There was no abatement of the fever at Concordia, Miss., five new cases being reported. At Memphis the Injunction asked against the State Board of Health, to prevent interference with the receipt and shipment of cotton in the quarantine district, hae been granted by the local court The decision in the case practically denies the right of the board to interfere with the transportation of cotton. The yellow fever is gradually abating al Memphis. For the two days, Sept 24-25, there wore only seventeen new cases and ten deaths. Marcus Whitley was executed at Pocahontas. Ark., Sept 26, for tho murder of a man named Sumner in 1577. - A fight is reported to have recently taken place in the Panhandle of Northwestern Tixaa between Indians and a party of young sportsmen from Dallas and Fort Worth, Texan, (n which seven of the Utter were killed,

TEH Democratic sentinel.

JAS. W. McEWEN Editor.

VOLUME 111.

The mortality reports from Memphis indicate that the yellow fever is dying out For the week ending Sept 28 the number of cases was sixty-three, and the number of deaths thirty-one. For the three days ending Sept 28 there were twenty-three new cases and fourteen deaths. Went. Michael Bans, of Macon City, Mo., while temporarily deranged, shot and killed his wife and child, and then committed suicide. San Francisco dispatches announce that Gen. Grant will visit Oregon during the first week of October, and expects to arrive at Virginia City, Nev., on his route East, about the 20th day of the same month. A terrible accident occurred in Lake Michigan,. just off Chicago, a few days ago. The tug-boat Charles W. Parker, while towing a heavily laden barge into port, exploded her boiler and sunk almost immediately afterwards. Robert Leary, Captain of the ill-fated boat; William Burton, steward; John Callaghan, engineer, and John P. Rogers, fireman, were blown into fragments by the terrific force of the explosion, not a vestige of their remains having been found. Henry Maguire, a deck-hand, the only person on board beside those mentioned, was blown a distance of 200 feet, and, falling in the water, was rescued in a shockingly mangled condition. The Parker was a screw propeller of thirty-six tons burden, was built at Buffalo, and was valued at >7,500. It is thought the accident was the result of carelessness. A horrible murder was recently committed on the farm of Alexander White, near Edgerion, Rock county, Wis. Mrs. White missed her little boy, aged 3 years, and after a protracted search he was found in the manger of a cow-stable with his throat cut and a rip from the breast bone clear down, which let the bowels out A rope was hanging from a beam, all bloody, with the noose partially cut, which indicated that the little fellow was hung up and then cut open in the manner described. The horrible deed was committed by George Bumgartner, one of Mr. White’s farm laborers, who was missing, together with one of the best horses on the place. A shocking murder and suicide is reported from Bucyrus, Ohio. George Schwab, a young farmer, fell desperate ly in love with Mary Klinch, and, because she would not marry him, assassinated the poor girl, firing a load of buckshot into her while sleeping in bed. The wretch then walked off and ended his own miserable existence by hanging himself to a tree. There was a sharp reaction in the Chicago grain and provision market on Sept. 24. Wheat, which had been steadily advancing for several days, fell 5 cents and com about 2 cents a bushel; pork tumbled from 20 to 30 cents and lard 15 cents per 100 pounds. Considerable excitement prevailed and several dealers were badly squeezed, but there were no failures. The trip of President Hayes westward from Chicago was marked by hearty greetings at all the points along the line. The party arrived at Neosho Falls, Kansas, on the 25th of September. About 12,000 people had gathered- there to attend the District fair and to welcome the President and Gen. Sherman, whose coming had been very extensively advertised. Hon. John R. Goodin delivered an address of welcome, Gov. St. John followed with a brief speech, after which President Hayes addressed the multitude at some length. His remarks related chiefly to the financial policy of his administration, being a repetition of his Cincinnati and Detroit speeches. Gen. Sherman then made nno of his characteristic talks. George Baumgarten, the young monster who murdered .Mr. White’s little 3-year-old boy near Janesville, Wis., has been arrested. He is only 17 years old. He is unable to give the motive for his crime. He says a strange “ spell ” came over him, and remembers little or nothing of what followed.

A dispatch from Carroll, Carroll county, lowa, reports a disastrous conflagration in that town, resulting in the loss of from $150,000 to $200,000. The greater portion of tho business center of the town is wiped out. The flourishing mining town of Deadwood, in the Black Hills of Dakota Territory, has been almost totally swept out of existence by tire, and nearly 3,000 people rendered homeless thereby. The fire broke out in a bakery at Sherman street at 2:2) o’clock in the morning of Sept. 26, and, following that thoroughfare, swept everything before it on Lee, Main, Gold, Patton and William streets, and several residences on Centennial avenue. Fanned by alight breeze, and nothing to contend with except a very inefficient fire department, everything was at the mercy of the flames. Less than half a score of pronounced fire-proof warehouses withstood the severe test. The ■ buildings being mostly of wood and poorly constructed, they burned like so much chaff. The fire spread with such wonderful rapidity tha any attempt at saving anything would have been useless. All along its course terrific explosions of gunpowder, petroleum, liquor, etc., were of frequent occurrence. Buildings were blown into atoms. The hook-and-ladder apparatus and hose-carriage were the first things to burn, leaving nothing but a few feet of worthless hose with which to battle against the devouring element The wildest excitement prevailed on account of the fearful force of the flames, and the people thought of but little beside saving their own lives, hundreds escaping with only their night-clothes. Every team within miles of the city was called into service to help save what could be got out. About 125 buildings, beside fifty or sixty dwelling-houses were destroyed. The loss is variously estimated at from $1,500,000 to $2,000,000. A Santa Fe dispatch says in regard to the Indian emeute in that Territory: “Gov. Wallace, as soon as he learned that there was an Indian massacre in the southern portion of his Territory, telegraphed to Silver City, Grant county, to learn the particulars, and from 8. M. Ashenfelter received what follows: Seven white men have been killed in a fight with Indians in a corn-field, near '"McEver s ranch, fifteen miles this side of Hillsboro. This occurred on the 11th inst. On the same day ten Mexicans, men, women and children, were murdered in the Jaralosa Cienegea, som# three miles from McEver’s ranch. The women and children were most horribly and disgustingly mutilated, iron bars being used for the purpose. Twenty-five men, women and children were among the wounded in the corn-field.” A sharp battle between a company of United States soldiers and 140 Navajo Indians is reported to have been fought on the Los Animas river, in New Mexico. Two Indians were killed. The casualties on the other side were five soldiers and one citizen killed and several wounded. The soldiers were compelled to retreat. WASHINGTON NOTES The September report of the Department of Agriculture on the condition of the wheat crop indicates an increase over the yield

RENSSELAER, JASPER COUNTY, INDIANA, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1879.

of 1878. The potato crop average for the whole country is 95, against 73 the same time last year. The condition of the buckwheat is somewhat better than last year. The average is 98 for the whole country. Sorghum averages 95, against 84 last year. The Treasury Department at Washington is surprised at the fact that, notwithstanding the new order for the payment of gold .to those who want it, by the Sub-Treasurers in the leading cities of the country, hardly any call is made for the yellow metal. The people prefer paper money.

MISOKLLANXOUS GLMANINGM. The influx of gold into this country is indicated by the figures showing that the aggregate receipts at New York since the Ist of August amount to about >30,000,000. The rate at which gold has lx gun to pour into the country since the crop movement began is shown by the fact that up to the first day of August the total gold receipts for the year were but a little over >4,000,000. To the demand for small bills is added an urgent appeal from many localities for more pennies. The Secretary of the Treasury has ordered the Philadelphia mint to produce enough cf the latter to meet all applications. As to the former, the statement recently issued is reiterated. In return for bankers’ drafts on New York the treasury will ship bills of any denomination desired, but without expense or risk to the Government The reason advanced for not sending the currency to the Western sub-treasuries is that their clerks are too few to permit of the performance of additional duties. A horrible disaster recently occurred near Port Cortes, Mexico. A railway train was blown up by 400 kegs of gunpowder which was on board, and all the passengers, ten in number, instantly killed.

POLITICAL POINTS. The Pennsylvania Prohibitionists have decided to take separate political action this year. At a convention held at Altoona, last week, they placed William L Richardson in nomination for State Treasurer. The Prohibitionists of Massachusetts, at their convention at Boston last week, nominated a full ticket headed by a clergyman, the Rev. Daniel O. Eddy, for Governor. The Colorado Democrats met in State Convention at Denver last week, and nominated George Q. Richmond, of Pueblo, for Supreme Judge. The Minnesota Democratic State Convention was held at St Paul, on the 25th of September. Resolutions were adopted declaring the United States an indissoluble union of indestructible States; demanding a revision of the tariff; declaring gold an silver the money of the constitution; favoring reform in the civil service; and denouncing the presence of the army at the polls. The financial plank of the platform was the occasion of a long debate, and a resolution demanding the substitution of greenbacks for national-bank notes and the free coinage of silver was finally adopted. The following ticket was nominated: Governor, Edmuud Rice, of St. Paul; Lieutenant Governor, E. P. Barnum, of Stearns, county; Secretary of State, Felix A. Borer, of Le Sueur; State Treasurer Lyman B. Cowdry, of Olmsted; Attorney General, P. M. Babcock, of Hennepin county; Railroad Commissioner, William Colville, of Goodhue county. a New Yorker named Wentworth Rollins has accomplished the champion longdistance bicycling feat of tbis country. Leaving New York city on the 3d of July, he arrived at Chicago on the 27th of September, having traveled the entire distance astride of a bicycle. The distance traversed was 1,313 miles. Counting the delays at various stopping places, he made an average of seventy miles a day. The total import of specie into this country since the resumption of specie payments at the beginning of the year is >39,730,402, of which >31,921,461 was gold and >7,808,941 silver. At a meeting of the Western Iron Association at Pittsburgh, a few days ago, bar iron was advanced to a >3 card, and nails to a >3.40 card.

Storms Are Foundlings.

When we are asked to give an account of the birth of a storm, we are reluctantly compelled to admit that our storms are, almost without exception, foundlings, and that, as the precise conditions to which they owe their origin are, for the most part, shrouded in uncertainty, warm discussions "nt times arise as to the parish whence they have set out on their wanderings. Dove said long ago that storms were due to the interference of the polar current or the east wind with the equatorial current or west wind. He gave the winds these names, because on his view the east winds really consisted of air flowing from the North or South pole toward the equator, which was modified in the direction of its motion by its change of latitude; while west winds were really due to air endeavoring to make its way back to the pole from the equator, whose course was in its turn modified by its own moving from lower to higher latitudes. To the conflict of these two grand currents, east and west winds, Dove attributed all our storms; but he did not attempt to explain how the currents came into collision. These views, however correct on their cosmical principles, have been superseded, of late years at least, as regards the explanation of our winds,-by the modem views of the relation between the wind and the distribution of barometrical pressure; but, unfortunately, we still remain in comparative ignorance of the ultimate causes to which the distribution of pressure, or the rise and fall of the barometer, are due.— Popular Science Monthly.

Grant and the Ex-Confederates.

Gen. Grant was tendered a big reception at the City Hall, in San Francisco, which was attended by a number of ex-Confederate soldiers. To them the General spoke as follows: “Gentlemen: It has afforded me great satisfaction and pleasure to observe the very cordial reception I have received here, and especially the welcome coming from the gentlemen you represented. If you had traveled around the world, as 1 have for several .years past, you would appreciate, like me, the value of our common country more completely than any man can who stays at home. You would be everywhere gratified to see that we are recognized by all the nations of tho earth in a higher light than our own people imagine. Abroad our resources are considered unlimited. When one gets to see the nations of the world, he begins to appreciate the inestimable value of our broad acres and the great energy of our people that is forever upbufltMtag in State, city, and town. It affords me very great satisfaction and pleasure to receive the gentlemen who were, long ago, opposed to us, and I hope, if this country ever sees another war, we .shall all be together, under one flag, fighting a common enemy.”

“A Firm Adherence to Correct Principles”

ITEMS OF INTEREST.

Paper is now substituted for wood in Germany in the manufacture of lead pencils. It is steeped in an adhesive liquid, and rolled round the core of lead to the requisite thickness. After drying it is colored, and resembles an ordinary cedar pencil. The first French ballet in New York was given at the Bowery about 1827. Mme. Hutton, the principal dancer, on appearing in her brief and gauzy costume, was greeted with a storm of hisses, which ended in an uproar and the departure of many from the theater. The curtain was rung down, and no farther performance was given that night. There was a general attack upon the troupe in the papers of the next day, and the exhibition was characterized as the most shameful and indecent ever presented in the city. The consequence was that standing room could not be found tne following night on the rising of the curtain. The house was black with men only. Within a week, however, a few ladies appeared, and before the end of the month fashionable New York had flocked in large numbers to the theater.

Francis Scott Key, a lawyer of Frederick, Md., was the author of the “Star Spangled Banner,” which he composed while a prisoner in the British fleet during the bombardment of Fort McHenry. The facts in relation to the composition of this song are worth reproducing: “ The British, having captured Washington, returned to to their vessels, carrying with them Dr. Beanes, a prominent citizen and physician of Upper Marchase. Mr. Key, with the permission of the President, proceeded to board the English fleet and solicit his release, the British Admiral, Cochrane, upon whose flagship the Doctor was imprisoned, being about to make an attack upon Baltimore, detained them both until the attack should have taken place. On the evening of the bombardment they were sent, together with Gen. J. S. Skinner, on board the American cartel. The Minden, which was anchored in sight of Fort McHenry with a guard of marines, to prevent their landing and carrying information to their unsuspecting countrymen. From the deck the three friends saw the bombardment of Fort McHenry, which soon ended. While the bombardment lasted, the “ bombs bursting in the air” was evidence that the fort had not surrendered. The firing ceased soon after midnight. All was once more still. Having no communication with the shore, the Americans were in grave doubt as to the result of the fight and the fate of their many friends in the city. They awaited the dawn with the greatest solicitude. Then “on that shore, dimly seen through the mist of the deep,” they discerned the flag they had watched at the twilight’s last gleaming still waving above the fort, and the broad stripes and bright stars, defiantly unfurled to the breeze, shone brightly as a beacon of hope to the beating hearts in the bright rays of the rising sun. It was upon the deck of the Minden, between midnight and dawn, that the song was written whose stanzas expressed the feelings of thousands of eye-witnesses on shore. To their great joy they soon learned that the attack upon, Baltimore had failed, that Ross was killed, and that the British were re-embarking the forces which, had fought North point. When the fleet was ready to sail, Mr. Key and his friends were released, and proceeded to Baltimore, where, from the rude substratum jotted down on the back of a letter, the song was reduced to its present form, and read co Judge Nicholson, one of the gallant defenders of the fort. So pleased was he with it that he had it printed by Samuel Sands, the apprentice of Capl. Berry Edes, who was then off on defense duty, and copies of it were distributed among the citizens.

The Sinking of a Vessel by a Whale.

Since it has been generally conceded that the fish which foundered Capt. Larsen’s bark Columbia in mid-ocean, by thumping a big hole in her port bow must have been a whale, popular interest in the accident has palpably decreased. In truth, it was hardly more the strange disaster itself than the possibility of a new and dangerous seamonster being concerned in it that excited attention—some mysterious, powerful submarine creature, it was hoped, hitherto unknown and unexpected. Hence the opinion of one of the crew that a whale struck the vessel was at first scouted in favor of the more-se-ductively indefinite statement of another that it was “a huge something with fins and tail.” All the evidence, however, is in favor of the whale theory, and it is conceivable that a big whale, going at full speed, could stave in the planks of an old craft like the Columbia. Had the vessel been insured, some persons might possibly have found ground for suspecting a voluntary scuttling, but she is said not to be insured. Besides, Capt. Larsen, who is a white-haired mariner, with candid eyes, broken English, and an honest smile, has inspired general confidence in his veracity. It is said that this is the first case on record of a vessel actually sunk by a whale. Perhaps it should rather be called the first case of a sunken vessel whose crew escaped to tell the story. May not more than one vessel that has sailed and never been heard of have fallen a victim to this form of disaster ?— New York Sun.

Stuttering.

Mr. Edgar S. Werner recently read before the Albany Institute a paper on this subject. Mr. Werner himself was, at one time, afflicted with this terrible disease, and he says that parents almost invariably treat a stuttering child with much severity, and thus, by frightening him, increase his malady, or spoil him utterly by too much leniency. The proper manner in which to treat such children is thus described: In nothing is the adage, “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure,” more applicable than in stuttering. Indeed, in this instance, an ounce of the one is more effective than a hundredweight of the other. Children with stuttering tendencies should be especially well nourished; they should take a great deal of physical and out-door exercise; care should be taken that their lungs are fully developed and that their nerves are not irritated. Late hours and highly-seasoned food, and everything tending to derange, weaken or unduly excite, mentally or physically, should be avoided. The child should not be allowed to talk too rapidly or when out of breath. If he has trouble with a word he should be asked to repeat the

whole sentence and not merely the offending word. Oftentimes a serious mistake is made here. The child is drilled upon his most difficult words, and he comes to fear them,, and, as a result, his ability to articulate them is continually lessened. He should hot ’bepermitted to associate with another stuttering child; indeed, no child should. Inveterate stuttering may be caused by mimicking others. Throughout, the child should be subjected to kind but firm treatment.

INDIANA ITEMS.

The old settlers’ meeting at Dayton was attended by at least 2,000 people. Typhoid fever is almost epidemic in Corydon and vicinity, and is of the severest type. Henry Work, aged 75 years, and a resident of Plymouth for twenty-two years, has died. The tobacco crop in Brown county this year will not be one-third what it has been of late years. The 8-year-old daughter of John Hemphill, of Rising Sun, was fatally kicked by a mule. Kosciusko county brags of being out of debt and having $30,000 toward the erection of a new Court House. The corner-stone of a new orphans’ home was laid at Jeffersonville, last week, with considerable ceremony. The citizens of Rush county will vote, Oct. 13, upon the proposed levy to aid the North and South railroad. The soldiers’ reunion* at Lebanon, last week, brought out the largest crowd that ever assembled in Boone county. Of ex-soldiers, 2,000 were present. The infant child of Prof. Alpheus McTaggart, of EarlhAm College, Richmond, which was so badly scalded by the accidental upsetting of a vessel, has died of its injuries. The conference of the Episcopal clergy of Central Indiana was held at Terre Haute last week, with a large attendance. Nearly all the clergymen in the diocese were present. Flora Flight, a young man of Martinsville, was shot and killed at that place the other night by a bar-tender named Con Leander. An old feud was the cause of the difficulty. A man named Demuth, while intoxicated, attempted to mount his horse at Ferdinand, when the animal jumped, throwing him to the ground and causing his death by a fracture of the skull. As Hezekiah Fowler, of Metamora, was fixing a belt in his saw-mill at that place, he was struck on the head with a circular saw, crushing his skull in a horrible manner. He died in a few hours.

Edward Chaney, a farm-laborer in Otter Creek township, was rolling the field, when the span of mules took fright, ran away, and threw Chaney in front of the roller, which passed over him, cansing instant death. The wind-mill pump swindlers have reached Tippecanoe county, and last week swindled Mr. Stingley, of Lara mie township.. Mr. Stingley signed an order for one pump, which the rascals changed to seven and shipped that number to him. Joseph Jordan, alias Durbon, a resident of Clark’s Hill, and recently from near Richland, Ky., has been arrested by a requisition from the Governor of Kentucky and taken to Richland to answer the charge of murder, committed sixteen years ago in that State. About a year ago, Adam Austin and his wife were driving over Blue river bridge—a structure erected by Shelby county, within the corporate limits of Shelbyville when tie horse took fright and backed over the embankment into the river, killing Mr. Austin, while his wife escaped without serious injury. She now sues the county for $5,000 damages. The widow and children of the late John J. Reynolds, of Lafayette, are quarreling over his estate, valued at $250,000. Before his death he had given his children large gifts, and the question is whether these should be considered as advancements, to be deducted from the share of each respectively, or as actual gifts of which no account was to be made. The flouring-mill of Flabangh & Ferre, one mile south of Somerset, on the Missinewa river, in Wabash county, was burned the other night. The mill was worth $4,000. There was stored in it over 5,000 bushels of wheat, a part of which belonged to the farmers in the neighborhood. It was no doubt the work of an incendiary. There was no insurance on the mill or grain.

The Postmaster of Columbus is in receipt of a package of letters from Jeffersonville, ranging in date from 1871 to the present date, addressed to several citizens. They were taken from an old mail-car of the Jeffersonville, Madison and Indianapolis road, which was being torn up for repairs' in the shop. The letters fell in behind some paneling at various different times, as indicated by their dates. A trip through half a dozen of the counties of Southwestern Indiana convinces the Indianapolis Sentinel's correspondent that the wheat crop in this part of’ Indiana, in the acreage sown, will be larger in 1880 than ever before. A great deal of the early-grown wheat is already up and looks well, while on every farm the farmers are busy breaking land for the late September and October sowing. The use of fertilizers is general, and in the counties of Floyd, Harrison, Perry, Spencer, Warrick, Dubois, Orange, Washington and Clark the demadd for bone-dust and phosphates is far in excess of the supply.

A Child’s Wonderful Escape.

The family of Mr. Wristen were in a wagon, driving along the highway, when a child fell out and one wheel passed over its head. The frightened parent checked the horses and hastened to gather up what he supposed to be the lifeless form of his child, but, strange as it may appear, the little fellow was uninjured, and, witn the exception of a deep mark across its shoulders and temples, there is no evidence.of (Tex.) Vidette. The population of Greece, 1,547,894 in 1870, has now risen to 1,679,775. In 1838 it was 865,000. • The population of Athens and the Piraeus have largely increased of late years.

VITAL ISSUES.

The Army at the Polls and the Doctrine of State Rights. Eloquent Extract from a Recent Speech by Hon. George H. Pendleton. The presence of the army at the polls! Mast! argue it seriously? Must I show by theory and reason that it is entirely incompatible with the freedom of elections? Must Igo into history and sustain the theory by the example of every free Government which has ever lived and died? Must I show that nearly every State in the Union has prohibited even the mustering of the militia on the days of election? Must I show that the framers of our constitution were so -jealous of the military power that they made it absolutely the creature of Congress? The Congress shall have power: To raise and support armies; ; ... To provide and maintain a navy; To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces. But lest even Congress should be tempted to use the army to perpetuate the power of a party or destroy the liberty of the people, the conetitution carefully provided that even Congress should make “no appropriation of money to that use for a longer term than two years.” To guard still more carefully the use of the military power the constitution declares that, while Congress may “provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia,’’ and the President shall be their Commander-in-Chief when called into the service of the United States, “the appointment of officers and the authority of training the militia” are reserved to the States respectively. And still further to prevent the army from becoming a part of the machinery of Government, or an instrument of civil administration, or a posse, or a * police power—in a word, to confine it as nearly as possible to the single, simple duty of fighting the armed enemies of the country, the constitution gave Congress the power “to provide for calling out the militia to execute the laws of the United States. ” These are the wise constitutional provisions. Laws and habitudes made in pursuance of their letter and spirit governed the use of the army for more than seventy years. The war came, armies were raised and the people became accustomed to the exactions of the military power, the commanders came to love it. In the border States—l speak more confidently as to Kentucky, because I happen to know about it—the military power was used for every purpose, without shadow of authority of law. The military commanders, by special orders, defined the qualification of voters, defined the duties of judges of election, ordered them not to receive 'the votes of certain classes whom the constitution and laws declared were qualified to vote, and not to permit certain candidates to be voted for whom this same constitution declared to be elegibJe; and sent troops to the polls to enforce the execution of these orders. Remember these things were done at the State elections for State officers. We know full well that on one occasion, within four days of an election in a warrq party contest, the commanding officer forbade the Democratic nominee to be a candidate for the Judgeship of the Court of Appeals, and ordered the judges of ejection not to receive votes for him. If it be said that Kentucky was . disturbed, and many of her citizens were favorable to the Rebellion, the answer is plain, that, if there was peace enough to have an election at all, there was peace enough to have a free and legal election. These events produced the law of 1865. It prohibited many of the wrongs complained of, and forbade the use Of the army at elections except, among other things, “to keep the peace at the -polls.” No argument could induce the Republicans to leave out those words. Under that clause every evil has crept in. Troops have been used as a posse; troops have been stationed for the purpose of intimidation over the country. They were sent with Butler to New York; they were kept handy for use in the State Houses of South Carolina and Louisiana; they were put at the beck of every Deputy Marshal, and when there was danger of a Democratic Legislature they were sent to drag members from the legislative halls of New Orleans. At the extra session of Congress the Democrats sought to repeal this clause. It was demonstrated by a history of fourteen years that the troops were never needed to keep peace at the polls; that they were, never called on for that purpose; that the pretense was used that troops in squads ana companies and regiments might be stationed in the proper localities, subject to the call of Deputy Marshals, to obtain partisan advantage. It was the same old story taught by all philosophy, by all experience, by all the instincts and impulses of human nature. The Democrats sought to repeal the law; they appealed to the constitution, to the traditions of the fathers, to the philosophy of our institutions, to the experience of the world. We were met with the assertion that we desired to encourage turbulence at the polls, to strip the administration of legitimate power. The President adopted the suggestion, and vetoed the bilL Mark the bill exactly! It left the President the power to use the army anywhere, everywhere, at any election, whether general or special, to repel the armed enemies of the country; to suppress insurrection; to resist and crush rebellion. It only prevented him, in time of peace and tranquillity, from taking bodies of troops to the polls'under the pretense of preventing men from fighting or crowding around the ballot-boxes. He might have all the flocks and herds on the royal demesnes, but his heart coveted this little ewe lamb of the people. I impute to the President no bad motive. I know him too well to asperse his personal character. I believe no more patriotic men exist than our army. “To keep the peace at the polls,” even by this President and by this army! That would be the peace that the wolf keeps among the lambs! That would be the peace of the desert! That would be the peace which the armies of France kept when the people voted for the empire! That would befthe peace which Rome enjoyed when the candidates bought the election to the imperial throne from the legions! That would be the peace of all voting on the side of the soldiers.

The presence of such a power is incompatible with the freedom of elections. It will overpower a strong people; it will seduce a weak people; it will mold a corrupt and debauched people. But in either event free election is destroyed. The power of the army is force; its life is absolute command and implicit obedience. Its weapons are sword and musket. Its methods are despotic. In the atmosphere of its presence and protection, reason, judgment, free choice—the very element and substance of election—cannot breathe, refuse to live. No free Government has ever permitted troops to be used at the polls. Every Government which has tolerated their presence there has ceased to be free, ho matter under what pretext; no matter for what avowed or real pui-pose; the result has been the same. Rome existed as a republic for 500 years, her armies conquered the world; her Consular elections were annual; her Consuls commanded her armies. By a law of the republic the armies were prohibited to approach the sacred circle of the city a» the time of an election. Csesar returning from Gaul led his legions across the Rubicon under the pretense of saving the order of the city, or quelling domestic turbulence, “of keeping the peace at the polls,” and in fifty years the em- ■ pire superseded the republic, and the army sold the imperial crown. France has made the army an instrument of civil administration. All the Latin race has, in the Old and New World, followed the example, and orderly, free government has nowhere long existed among them. England learned this lesson long ago. For centuries no armed soldier has been permitted near the polling places, eypn if the peace were broken. The Sheriffs of London summoned the juries and held the issues of property and life in his hands. Their power was so great that oftentimes the chiefs of the parties sat in council awaiting the results of the election as the token of their safety for another year or of the necessity of instant flight from the country. The turbulence was great London was convulsed by riotous mobs and the excesses of armed bands, and yet, wisely curbing the impulses of the momen*, the statute of 1735 recited that by the common law, by the statutes of Edward 1, by the usage and practice of the realm, armed troops had not been permitted to approach the polls for any purpose, and continued and enforced the prohibition. When, a few years afterward, troops were used to quell a riot at a Westminster election, with uncovered heads and bended knees the offenders received the censure of the House of Commons. Within a month, when the city of Quebec requested the presence of a regiment to preserve its peace, the

$1.50 Mr Annum.

NUMBER 34.

Governor General refused. He said a wellregulated police, not a part of the army, must keep the peace of the community. England to-day is the freest Government in the world except our own. A soldier cannot enter the hall of the Commons with his uniform and arms. Our Declaration of Independence is the pro test in behalf of civil liberty, immortal in history. It will gather glory throughout all the ages. It voices the whole spirit of freedom. It exalts the individual in stating his inaliena ble rights. It ennobles the State in defining its just purposes and powers. It was evoked by the wrongs our fathers suffered. “He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.” “He has kept among us in time of peace standing armies without the consent of our Legislature.” ■ He has affected to render the military independent Of and superior to the civil Dower.” *He has deprived us in many cases of the benefits of trial by jury.” This sublime protest against outrages on civil liberty denounced the wrongs of which the Democratic party complains to-day. It stands upon the declaration out of which the republic was born. It asks nothing which the Declaration does not demand. That was a “revolutionary document,” says Gdh. Garfield. Aye! And the Democratic party is “revolutionary* to that exten“and no further. It teaches the truths which the Declaration announced to be self-evident. It demands the rights for the assertion of which our fathers pledged their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor. The Republican party to-day denounces these doctrines as revolutions:?, and inconsistent with the maintenance of the Government and the best interests of the people. My countrymen, must 1 adjure you to heed theieesonof all reason, of all history? The great experiment is in our hands to-aay. We are exposed to greater dangers from this cause than any Government Other Governments have the King, the throne, the crown, the executive head—the emblem of national sovereignty raised above parties, wielding the vital pow< rs of the Government, and maintaining its form, whichever party may succeed. If it were possible at all, such a Government might use the troops impartially to keep the peace as between the parties. Every department of our Government, every representative of the sovereignty of the people is in the hands of a party; every office, ana honor, and emolument ts the price of party success. It is madness, to confide to a party the power of bringing troops to the polls, wheie its fate is to be decided. State rights are not State wrongs. The rights of the States, as reserved and limited by the constitution, are as essential to our constitutional Union as are the rights and powers of the Federal Government Both are essential to our Government and form of governmental being, which has been so well defined by the Supreme Court of the United States to be “An indestructible Union composed of indestructible States.” The doctrine of States’rights is not the doctrineof disunion, nor of nullification, nor yet of secession. It does not maintain the superiority of the States. It does not decry or belittle the powers of the Federal Union, whether of making or executing the laws. It never has been stated, it never will be stated, more tersely, more accurately, more clearly, than in the Tenth amendment of the constitution, so tenaciously insisted on by Massachusetts:

“The powers not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.” The Government of the United States is supreme within its sphere, because the constitution expressly provides that “ This constitution and the laws of the United States, which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and all treaties made, or which shall be made, under the authority of the United States, shall be the supreme law of the land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, anything in the constitution or laws of any State to the contrary notwithstanding. ” The constitution is the supreme law. The laws made in pursuance of it are likewise supreme. The laws made not in pursuance of it are not supreme. They are null and void. They are no laws. The duty and the power to execute the constitution and laws have been confided by the constitution to the Federal Government. The powers of the Federal Government are delegated, every one of them, by the States; or, if you prefer it, by the people of the States. They exist by virtue of that delegation, and the instrument delegating, defining, expressing the extent and limit of the powers, is the constitution. The powers and rights of the States, meaning thereby the Government and the people of the States, are inherent in them as political communities. The States delegated some of their powers to the Federal Government; they prohibited the exercise of some by themselves absolutely, and of others without the consent of Congress. The constitution defines the powers delegated, the powers prohibited, and declares that the powers not delegated to the United Statesnor prohibited to the States are reserved to the States. If a question arises as to the power of the United States, you must look to the delegation of powers by the constitution. If the power is not found there, it does not exist If a question arises as to the power of a State, you look to the powers delegated to the United States, and then go to the powers prohibited to the States. And if the power is in neither category it does belong to the State. It a difference of interpretation as to the power delegated and prohibited arise, and a case involving the question can be made, then the judicial tribunals, and ultimately the Supreme Court of the United States, become nece-sarily the final arbiter. If a case for judicial interference cannot be made, that great public opinion—that enlightened public Conscience which seeks the highest sources of wisdom, which always aspires to lie right—will in one way or another give decisive judgment That opinion may ebb and flow like the tides of the ocean at the bidding of the fickle encore. But it will attain a steadiness like the ocean from which all height is measured. This is the doctrine of State rights, as maintained by the Democratic/party. It is the doctrineof the constitution. It is the doctrine of local Government, of home rule, of Union. It is the doctrine of a simple Government of few powers, touching few objects,—of fi eodom. Consolidation is as unconstitutional as secession; unity of Government is as unconstitutional as separation, and both consolidation and unity tend as certainly in the end to disunion. If it be said this theory cannot be strictly correct, for that twenty-four new States have been carved out of territory belonging to the Union, the answer is that it is strictly and entirely true as to the original thirteen States, and that everv new State has been admitted to the Union expressly on the same terms as the original States. I know it is fashionable in these days to decry State rights, to hold them up as the origin of the war and the cause of all our sectional troubles. They are confounded with secession, with nullification, with denying or dwarfing or paralyzing the Federal Gyvernment, and they are made the stalking horse of all that shocks the Union sentiment of the people. Even now the fear of them is invoked to aid the scheme of using the military power and the civil officers of the Federal Government to interfere with elections. I protest against this confusion of ideas; I protest against defining the doctrine wrongfully and then attacking it as otlr doctrine. I will quarrel with no man about terms, about names he may call this Government—a Nation or a Confederation, or a Federal Union. If he believes the Federal Government is supreme within its sphere and the States are supreme within their spheres, and that neither may trench on the powers of the other; if he believes that all powersnot delegatedjior prohibited are reserved to the States respectively, he is States-rights man enough for me. He asserts the true, constitutional, conservative doctrine; conservative of our Government, of our Union, which was designed to be perpetual, of our freedom.

The London Docks.

On an average there lie in the dock at London 1,000 vessels, carring 9,000 sailors. The docks cost about SIOO,OOO, 000, and are constructed of solid granite, with huge gates, which are opened when the tide is at the full for the ingress of vessels. When the tide begins to fall, the gates are closed, and, as the ships are always at the same level, there is no chafing and no inconvenience arising from the action of the tide. The warehouses surrounding these docks are of the most colossal dimensions, and are stored with merchandise from every quarter of the globe. zThe improvement in the iron industry all over the country is very decided. At New Albany, Ind., merchant iron has gone up sl4, railroad iron $lO to sl2, pig iron $6.50 to $9, and iron ore 50 cents per ton, all within, the present year. The rolling mills age now arranging to run night and day,

ffienwcratq gtnthul JOB PRINTINQ OFFICE Em better faeflftiM than any office tn JToriiHIMNM TwWan# for th* sxocntiMi of ftU TnrtTinhtf JOB PRINTINa. PROMPTNESS A SPECIALTY. Anything, from a Dodger tea Priee-Ust, er from • pamphlet to a Poster, black or colored, plain or fancy, SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

THURMAN ON SHERMAN.

Extract from the Ohio Senator’s Columbus Speech. The Republican speakers and Republican press are crowing lustily about what they call the resumption of specie payments. Behold, say they, we are on the eve of prosperity; resumption brought this about, and wo brought about resumption; ergo, you should all support the Republican party. My friends, it requires no great powers of analysis X. xplode this sophistry. In the first place, have we specie payments? Do any of our debtors pay us in specie unless the debt be *5 or less? Do the banks pay their creditors in specie? Try and see if they do. Collect as many bank bills as you can and assort them. Out of *IO,OOO you will have probably not over *2OO on the national banks of Columbus. The remaining *9,800 are of banks scattered all over the republic. To present them at the banks that issued them would require you to travel thousands of miles and incur hundreds of dollars of expense. To present them at the Treasury Department at Washington would cost less, but yet would be onerous and expensive. So you abandon the idea of doing either. Youhave *2OO of Columbus bills. You present them at the banks and demand specie. Do you get it? Not unless the banks see fit to give it to you. Our Columbus banks are very accommodating, and I have no donbt that, in a case of necessity, they would oolige you by giving you specie for your *2OO of their notes. But they are not obliged to do so, and were you to present *5,000 or *IO,OOO of their bills for redemption, they would not do so. They would pay you in the much-derided greenback. Then what would you do with the greenbacks if you wanted specie for them? Present them to any Federal officer in Columbus for redemption? If you did he would smile at your ignorance, and politely tell yon that the Government did not redeem greenbacks in Columbus; that if you wanted specie for them you must carry or send them to the city of New York and present them to the Assisjant Treasurer of the United States. Well, you can’t afford to incur that trouble, expense and loss, and so you conclude to keep your greenbacks. Why, what does the Secretary tell us in the speeches that he is delivering through the country; in order to illustrate, I suppose, the honesty of the President’s civilservice rules? Does he tell us that the Government is redeeming greenbacks in specie ? Far from it He tells us that comparatively few greenbacks are presented for redemption. Our so-called specie payments, therefore, are no specie payments at all. Neither individuals, banks, nor the Government make payments in specie. Paper money, when undoubtedly good, is so much more convenient than specie that it keeps specie out of circulation. In no country that uses small paper money can there be a specie circulation, except small change. In England and France there is veritable specie payment Debts of large as well as small amount are often paid in specie. But in those countries there are no small notes, and hence a large proportion of the money in circulation is specie. In our country we have small notes of both the Government and the banks, and hence we have no specie in circulation worth mentioning, except our subsidiary coins of half dollars and less. But, while we have no specie payments, accurately speaking, 1 admit that our paper money has been brought to a par with specie. Of the sacrifices suffered by the people, m order to bring this result about, of the shrinkage of all values, the paralysis of all industries, the thousands of laborers thrown out of employment, the bankruptcies, amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars, 1 shall not speak to-night. If there is any one here who thinks that we have not paid dearly for the whistle, I will not, to-night, attempt to disturb his belief. But when the Secretary of the Treasury perambulates the country, boasting of the achievement of bringing greenbacks to a par with coin, it is not improper to point out to him the graveyards through which we have passed in our dreary march to this result And when he claims that this consummation was brought about by the Resumption act, and his execution of it, it is eminently proper to show him how baseless is nis claim, how hollow is his pretension. There are various causes that have operated to bring our paper money to a par with specie, and among them the Resumption act is the least. Had that act never been passed, and had Congress authorized what the Secretary of the Treasury, without authority of law, now permits, the receipt of greenbacks in payment of customs duties, they would have been at par with specie a year at least before the time fixed for resumption by the Resumption act. When that act was before the Senate I moved an amendment providing for the receipt of greenbacks in payment of customs duties. The Republicans voted it down. I said it was worth more than all the provisions in the act. My opinion was treated with silent contempt, for the bill had been concocted in caucus, and the Republican Senators would not debate it. Time has proved that my judgment was correct Witn all the machinery of the Resumption act, and its cost to the people, the Secretary of the Treasury found himself compelled to receive, in plain violation of law, the greenback in payment of the duties. I have said that, had the Resumption act never been passed, greenbacks would have reached a par with coin. It would have been through great suffering, as it has been through great suffering, aggravated by that act, but it would certainly have come.

About every twenty years we have a commercial revulsion which, for brevity, we call a panic; when the country wakes up to the fact that, owing to an imprudent extension of credit or bad legislation, or both, it is not able to pay its debts on demand. A long period of suffering, generally five or six years, ensues, and then, having reached the bottom, any change must necessarily be for the better, and business begins to revive. Specie payments are resumed, as it is called; that is. paper money and specie come to par. It is not this resumption, so called, that produces a revival of business, but it is the revival of business that produces the* resumption. In 1837 one of these panics occurred. In five or six years thereafter, indebtedness being in a great measure liquidated, or wiped out by the Bankrupt law of 1841, business began to revive, and, as a consequence, we had what was called a resumption of specie payments. In 1857 we had another panic, and its history would have been precisely that of the panic of 1837 had not the civil war occurred. In 1873 came the last panic, and, without any Resumption act, five or six years, as in former instances, would have brought us back to a revival of industry and a resumption of specie payments, so-called. If I understand one of the speeches of the Secretary of the Treasury, he admits that the panic of 1873 made resumption possible. If so, where is the merit of tne Resumption act which was not passed until Jan. 14,1875? I agree that resumption necessarily followed the panic of 1873, just as it followed the panic of 1837, without a Resumption act. bnt it took five or six years to resume, just as it took the same time after 1837. But another cause has largely contributed to our so-called resumption, and for this cause our Republican rulers certainly claim no credit Owing to bountiful crops in America and short crops in Europe for three years, the bal knee of trade, instead of . being against us, has been largely in our favor; until, at length, gold is being shipped, in large amounts, to this country to pay for bread. Another cause that has facilitated the equalization of paper and coin was the Democratic measure of remonetizing silver, which Presi - dent Hayes vetoed, but which we passed over his veto. x . Still another cause was the Democratic bill that pnt an end to the destruction of the greenback, for without the greenback in existence neither Secretary Sherman nor the national banks would have the audacity to pretend that they could maintain actual specie payments. In a word, my friends, the claim of the Radical leaders to your support on the ground that they have brought about prosperity to the country by a resumption of specie payments is a bold pretense, without any foundation in fact, that can deceive none bnt those who are ignorant or those who wish to be deceived. ~ln conclusion upon this subject, let me say that they who charge us with a purpose to undo what has been done, and to plunge the country into a wild career of inflation, do us the greatest injustice. However much we deplore the suffering that has been caused by Radical measures, and especially by the contraction of the currency, we nave no purpose to embark upon a career of wild and useless speculation.

Db. /Oliver Wendell Holmes is said take the best possible care of his health, and to believe that he owes his length of years to his care. He pays great attention to the weather, having all sorts of scientific instruments to tell him when the atmosphere will permit him to take out-door exercise,