Democratic Sentinel, Volume 2, Number 26, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 9 August 1878 — Page 1

jP? gfemocratiq A DEMOCRATIC NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED EVERT FRIDA*, BT TAMES W. McEWEN. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPT#*!. One copy one year | .1.1..t0 AO One copy etx month* *'»•«.. •' JJ* On*copy three month*.. ...... M I3P~Advertising rate* on application

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

FOREIGN NEWS. The potato disease in Ireland is so wide-spread that fears of famine, such as prevailed in 1847, are expressed. A Berlin dispatch says the returns from the elections for members of the German Reichstag show that there have been elected 47 Conservatives, 74 National Liberals, 19 Progressionists, 35 Ultramontane*, 2 Alsatian Irreconcilable*, 2 Alsatian Autonomists, 3 Socialists, 8 Poles, and 1 Farticulirist. Thirty-six, second ballots are necessary. A son of Prince Bismarck was defeated for PfrliamenJ in the Lnuebnrg. * Late advices from South America state that a pestilence is sweeping the inhabitants of Bolivia, and a famine is threatened. In the smallest cnracy in the Department of "Cocbabsmbia 600 bodies have been buried, while in Bipesipe 500 deaths have occurred, and the interment is daily augmented jn numiber. The Holds are desolated, crops remain nngathered, unclaimed cattle roam in all directions, almost all the dwellings are abandoned, and all tboso which are inhabited are so many Hcenes of death and disease. Hundreds of children remain uncared for, and sustain their lives by eating grasshoppers. Many bodies, in some cases those of entire families, remain uninterred, because the grave-diggers are not suiliciont in numbers to execute the painful duty. Tho debate in the British House of Commons bn the Government policy in connection with the Eastern question terminated on tho 2d inst., when the condemnatory resolution offered by tho Marquis of Hartington, the Liberal loader, was defeated by a vote of 196 yeas to 338 nays, and tho Government amendment, approving of the course of the .Ministry, was adopted without division. A dispatch from Borne announces that an agreement has at length been reached between Bismarck and the Papal Nuncio relative to tho future relations between the Vatican and tho German Government. Tho Bussian troops are returning to Russia to tho number of 5,000 daily. The Roumanian army is expected to make a triumph il e dry into Bucharest, accompanied by the Bulgarian trophies. Nobeling, the would-be assassin of the Em|>eror of Germany, prefors death by self-destruction to the certain and ignominious execution at the hands of tho Jaw which awaits him. A pair of soissors carelessly left within his reach furnished him a chance to cheat the hangman, aud ho attempted suicide the other day, but was unsuccessful. In the late German elections the Conservatives nave increased thoir parliamentary strength from 77 to 110. The Liberals proper have been reduced from 162 to 132. The Ulframontanes in the new Parliament, as in tho old one, will have nearly a hundred votes. Tho remainder of tho house will be made up of about 60 of various subject races—Poles, Danes and Alsatians, and a few straight Socialists and some independents. A grand banquet in honor of Lords Bcaconstleld and Salisbury was given at the Mansion House, LondoD, on the 3d inst. Both of them, in their speeches, painted the good results to follow the Anglo-Turkish Convention in assuring tho peace and independence of Europe and in securing good government for the Christians in Turkey. To the latter aim Ha'isbury tuuounced that the Governmei t would especially devote its efforts, having resolved te fully avail itself of the right of interference conferred by theoonveution.

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.

East. Inquiries addressed by the Philadelphia Times to well-informed men at all points in Pennsylvania at which labor disturbances would bo likely to oeotir, if anywhere, have elicited replies that do not popfirm the widelycirculated report of a • contemplated general strike about the middle of August. John O. King, pickle-manufacturer, 67>a Vesey street, New York, was robbed, a few nights since, of $19;000 in United States 4 per cent, bonds, SIO,OOO in currency, and SI,OOO in gold. During a storm in Philadelphia, last week, lightning struck a tent in which Sundayschool exercises were being conducted, instantly killing a little girl of 11, and fatally injuring three other children. The announcement of the defalcation of R. B. Conant, the trusted cashier of the Eliet National Bank, of Boston, to the amount of $70,000, comes like a thunder-clap to the officers. He had been speculating in mining stocks. -West. Estimates of the coming wheat crop .in Michigan, despite the rains, fix it at 80,000,000 bushels, p’acing Michigan among the most celebrated wheat-raising districts of the country and the world. The tow n of Alta, Utah Territory, has been destroyed by fire. Loss, SIOO,OOO. Haverley’s Theater, Chicago, has undergone a complete transformation the enterprising manager having expended about $25,000 in repairing and decorating it—and it is now ene of the handsomest dramatic temples west of New York. The season re-opens this week, with the Colville Foily Company as the attraction. The grocery firm of B. M. Bishop & Co , Cincinnati, of which the Governor of Ohio is the head, has failed. J ohn I. and Thomas H. Mastin, lead ing bankers of Kansas City, Mo., have failed. They held a large amount of publio funds, including $250,000 of the State of Missouri, $72,000 of Kansas City, and SIIO,OOO belonging to Jackson county. South. Four colored men confined in the Monroe (La.) jail were forcibly taken therefrom by a mob, a sow mornings since, conveyed to the public Hquare, and hanged to the limb of a tree. Considerable alarm has been excited in the cities of the Ohio and Mississippi valleys by thf outbreak of virulent yellow fever at New Orleans. Stringent quaratine regulations have been established at the larger places, and there have been few cases north of Vicksburg. Up to Saturday, Aug. 3, there had been 195 cases of yellow fever in New Orleans, and the disease was rapidly on the inorease. The disease, a New Orleans paper states, “ is specially hostile to ohildren, upsparing to natives traditionally exempt, and there are many deaths among the colored people, who, in all former epidemics, have escaped entirely unscathed. Early developments show symptoms unlike any former sickness, and sanitarians agree that the disease is distinct from the yellow fever of Havana and Vera Cruz, and is provoked by the filthy condition to the city strec's." of the railroad towns in Texas

The Democratic sentinel.

JAS W. McEWEN, Editor.

VOLUME IT.

axe greatly alarmed about tho prevalence of yallow fever in New Orleans. Quarantine regulations have been upon all commerce with the inflected city* aud so stringently enforced that the International and Great Northern railroad refuses to receive passengers, freight, express matter, or mails from New Orleans.

THE PRESIDENTIAL INVESTIGATION.

Ex-Gov. John M. Palmer, who was Chairman of the Democratic Visi' Committee at New Orleans during the Returning Boat& -count, testified before the Potter committee at New York oa July 29. Witness found from statements of Louisiana colored men that many of the parishes had been disturbed. Their school money had been used up, and the Democratic politicians had made many promises to them to vote the Democratic ticket. The Democrats had made extraordinary efforts to capture the colored vote. Witness had a conference with Gen. Garfield, in which he urged the coalition of the two delegations so as to lay tho facts before tho country. The plau of the board was to lay aside all disputed parishes and take up the undisputed ones. On tbo 28th of November witness asked the board when the returns from any parish were polled that he bo given the result, but they would not do so until they were completed. Witness asked permission of Gen. Wells to enter the compiliDg-room. Witness thought some Republicans had access to that room. He thought he saw Mr. Hale coming out of there. If witness was asked if the election in Louisiana was fair, ho would say not. The sense of tho people there was that Tilden and Nicholls were elected. He said to Gov. Wells aud Gen. Anderson that tho Tilden electors were chosen, but that they might, on a fair consideration of tho question, come to a different conclusion, but that this conclusion should be arrived at in evidence that could be clearly put before the public... .The committee then adjourned until the 12th of August.

WASHINGTON NOTES.

It is believed in Washington that the administration is- determined to rnako a fight for peace on the Mexican border. The subject has been almost constantly under discussion in tho Cabinet, and tho weight of opinion among tho President’s advisers seems to be that decisive action cannot he much longer avoided. John L. Pennington, ex-Govemor of Dakota, has been appointed Collector of Internal Revenue of that Territory. Thjs public-debt statement for Aug. 1 is as follows : Six per cent, bond* $733,561,250 Five per cent, bonds 703,266,650 Four and a half per cent, bonds 246,000,000 Four per cent, bonds 112,850,000 Total coin bonds *1,795,677,900 Lawful money debt * 14,000,000 Matured debt 7$ 9,009,640 Legal tenders 340.743,283 Certificates of deposit 51,200.000 Fractional currency 16,455,598 Coin and silver certificate* 45,631,030 Total without interest *....$ 460,029,911 Total debt .$2,278,717,452 Total Interest 26,179,243 Cash In treasury: Coin ; $ 207,007,852 Currency 1,108,317 Currency held for redemption of fractional currency 10,030,000 Special deposits held for redemption of certificates ol deposit. 51,200,000 Total in treasury $ 269,316,170 Debt less cash in treasury $ 2,035,580,524 Decrease since July 30,1877 206,307 Bonds issued to Pacific Railroad Compapanies, Interest payable In lawful money: Principal outstanding 64,623,512 Interest accrued and not yet paid 323,117 Interest paid by United States 1.. 39,835,039 Interest repaid by transportation of mails, etc 9,881,444 Balance of interest paid by the United States 29,953,595 Commissioner Baum has addressed a letter to Collectors of all districts in the South where troubles have arisen on account of illicit distilling, setting forth the willingness of the Government to deal leniently with all who will stop their violation of the law. Owing to the great demand for 4 per cents., the Secretary of the Treasury has directed tho mill which makes the paper to resume. •' * A $5 counterfeit legal-tender note of the new issue series was received at the treasury one day last week. The note was printed from the original plate on inferior paper. It is stated in WasSington dispatches that the land-grant railroads will combine and make an obstinate fight against the decision lately rendered by Mr. Schurz, which puts their lands into market at the old Government price of $1.25 per acre. Every man who attempts to settle on railroad lands will find himself the owner of a long lawsuit, the end of which, even if he wins it, will be ten times greater than the value of the land.

POLITICAL POINTS.

The Maine Bepublicans have renominated Gov. Connor. The Democrats of South Carolina have renominated Gov. Hampton and all the State officers.

MISCELLANEOUS GLEANINGS. Sitting Bull has made overtures looking to a return to the United States, but the authorities at Washington decline to entertain his proposition. Telegrams to the National Observatory at Washington Bbow that the most interesting observations of the eclipse were made by Prof. Harmless, at Creston, Wyoming Territory; by Prof. Holdou, at Central City, Colorado; by Prof. Newcome, at Separation, Wyomisg; at Pike’s Poak, by Prof. Langley, Director of the Allegheny Nautical Almanac, and by Prof. Colbert at another station in Colorado. Burned : Levy’s notion store, Canal street, New Orleans, loss $100,000; Passaic Ice Company’s building, Oldham, N. J., loss $65,000; Payn’s paper-mill, Chatham, N. Y., loss $60,000. The Hon. Waldemar Bodisco, ConsulGeneral of Russia at New York, died last week at Jordan Alum Springs, Va. He was a nephew of Baron Bodisco, long Russian Minister to this oountry. The committee appointed, under a resolution of the National House of Representatives, to consider tho financial and labor depression question, is now holding its sessions in New York. The committee consists of Messrs. A. 8. Hewitt, of New York; J. M. Thompson, of Pennsylvania ; W, W. Rice, of Massachusetts ; Thomas A. Boyd, of Hlinois, and H. L. Hickey, of Ohio, and all but the last named are in attendance. They sit daily, and hear all persons who choose to appear before them. A number of representatives of the various labor organizations have appeared and given their views regarding the prevailing depression. The most of them attribute the hard times to labor-saving machinery. OoL Bob Ingersoll and family have gone on a three months tour to Europe. The commission appointed at the last

RENSSELAER, JASPER COUNTY, INDIANA, FRIDAY, AUGUST 9,1878.

session of Congress to consider the matter of army reorganization, and which was recently in session at White Sulphur Springs, Va , has adjourned without coming to any conclusion. It is the impression that the commission will never be able to agree upon any plan for the reorganization of the army. Dispatches from San Antonio, Texas, report that Mackenzie, the cavalryman, is once more on the border, presumably with full instructions in relation to his next crossing. The Greasers are said to be accumulating stores of -pimunition and preparing to give the Gringos a warm reception. A letter from Maj. Walsh, at Wood Mountain,.British Territory, reports the hostile Sioux gathering in one big camp, fifteen miles west of Wood Mountain Poßt. for a medicine dance. The Major insists that there is no hostile movement on foot, and says there never was less appearance of Sitting Bull croseiDg the line. He says the hostiles have littie ammunition, and the the traders on the British side have very little to sell them.

Curious Will Case.

A novel will case was reoently brought before Judge Warren in Dublin. The testator was lying ill with typhus fever, and sent for two persons whom he intended to name as his executors. They objected, however, to go into an infected house, and a table and chairs were, therefore, placed ontside the windows of the sick man’s room in such a position that he could see the persons sitting at the table. As a means of communication between those outside and the fever patient, a boy who had already suffered from typhus, and was, therefore, considered fever proof, was selected for carrying instructions to the will-maker. The testator executed his will by making his mark und* r the obseivation of the witnesses, who attested the execution in the sight of the testator. When this was done he was removed to the hospital, and there died. The validity of the will was called in question on the ground that it was not duly executed. The Judge pronounced in favor of the will, remarking that he saw no reason for requiring executors to expose their lives to needless risk.

An Old Romance Revived.

The determination of Gen. Sherman’s son, Thomas Ewing Sherman, to become a priest, revives the romantic story of the life and love of one of Gen. Scott’s daughters. As the story goes, this daughter fell deeply in love with a member of one of the foreign legations. The attachment was reciprocal, but the match was so bitterly opposed by the old hero of Lundy’s Lane that it was broken off. She cared nothing for the world after that, and very soon was received as a nun in the Georgetown Convent. Her lover returned to his native country, and was soon enrolled in the priesthood of the Catholic Church. In subsequent years he was ordered to Georgetown College, and took his turn in hearing the confessions of the nuns in the convent. On one of these occasions Miss Scott knelt in the confessional to her former lover, and under such circumstances a recognition took place. She fainted, went into a rapid decline and soon died, and he left the country again, never to return. So a Washington gossip declares.

Lecturers.

The lecture business is in the main managed by two concerns—one in New York and one in Boston. The latter makes contracts for concerts and operas as well. The manager says that only the most attractive lecturers are now much in demand, and that dramatic readers find more favor than formerly. Last year Beecher traveled 28,000 miles and lectured 139 times. He has already arranged dates for next season. Wen dell Phillips spoke 120 times, and, nex to Beecher and Gougli, made more money than any other lecturer. Mrs. Mary A. Livermore received SIB,OOO. and is traveling in Europe to recuperate! Helen Potter, with readings and imitations, also did well. The greatest success by a new lecturer was that of Collector Simmons, of Boston. He talked about “Beform.” Burdette, the Burlington Hawk-Eye humorist, lectured 113 times. James T. Fields, Gen. Banks and Bobert Collyer had all the calls that they could respond to. Theodore Tilton had his own agent, and is said to have cleared $19,000.

Derivation of Fowl Names.

Those who keep chickens may be interested to know how the different species of “ fowl’' genus derived their names. The Stock Journal gives the following information on the subject : The Dorkings were named after Dorking in England ; the blaGk Spanish, or as they are otherwise known, everlasting layers, after Spain; the Polands came from Poland; the Houdains (pronouced Houdon)from Houdain, France; the Shanghais are named after Shanghai in China; the buff and partridge Cochin Chinas also take their names from Cochin, China; the Siberia or Bussian fowls, from Bussia; the Malays, Java, Columbians, Barbarys, Dutch fowk, all from their respective countries. There are also the Guilders from Guilderland, Holland; the Bolton grays and bays from Bolton, England, and the shakebags, named from the fact that they were carried to cockpits in bags, which the owner shook as a challenge for some other bird.

A New Game for Chidren.

The juveniles have a new game called “Blind Man’s Mockery,” out of which they are getting lots of vacation amusement. One of the party is blindfolded, and while he is counting twenty-five the others range themselves as miscellaneously as possible in a row, and hold out their hands. The “ blind man ” slaps somebody’s hands, at the same time inquiring, “ Who are you ?” The youngster slapped rather impolitely replies, “None of your business,” and the “blind man” is obliged to guess his name from the sound of his voice. He can guess but once, and, if he fails, must try some one else until he guesses right, when the one whom he detects becomes “the man.” The game depends upon quickness of ear, as well as upon the ability to disguise the voice, and it shows a wonderful difference in children in both respects. —Springfield {Mass.) Union.

The Bush fos Public Lands.

Just now there is a rush for public lands, thousands coming to the conclusion that it will pay better to secure a homestead in the West than it will to hang around the crowded cities. It is estimated that the number of settlements will nearly double thpse of last year. This increase is so large that it keeps the office hard at work. The nation, however, has land enongh, although the various railroad and other corporations have gobbled up a great deal, to last a great many years yet .—Hartford Times.

“A Firm Adherence to Correct Principles.”

THE POLITICAL FIELD.

Extract from the Speech of Hon. Daniel W. Voorhees, Delivered at South Bend, Ind. When we look plainly and candidly at the present position of political parties, we are at once forcibly struck with the fact that the party now in power in national affairs is totally destitute of a single issue in tfie interest of the great mass of the American people on which to go before them for their confidence and support. I ask your careful consideration of this proposition. In whatever direction you view the political field you will find absolutely nothing offered by the leaders of the Republican party calculated to promote the public welfare. In a period of great corruption and debasement of the pnblic service ; in the midst of official scandals and debancheries, connected both with the last and the present administration, and bowed down as the people are by the most appalling business distress ever known in a civilized commonwealth, I challenge the production of a single measure, by those who now lead and control the Republican party, which has in it elements of popular relief. It is true, when the present administration was placed in power, lofty promises of purity and roform in the civil service of the Government were proclaimed to the world. It appeared.then to be the purpose of Mr. Hayos and his advisers to institute a contrast with the administration which had just expired. It was given out in formal official declarations that those who were engaged in the service of the Government should not be the mere henchmen of the administration in power, but that they were to discharge thenduties to the puulic on an independent and self-respecting basis. You all remember how the public ear was captivated by statements of this kind, that no man should be displaced as long as he honestly and efficiently discharged the duties ot bis position. You also have not forgotten the repeated announcements made by Mr. Hayes and hid Cabinet, that the odious and corrupt practice of assessments levied on Government office-holders for the purpose of carrying elections, was thenceforth to be utterly and entirely abandoned. The proposition, in substance, was that the offices of the Government belonged to the people, and that while the duties in which alone the people are interested were faithfully performed, the incumbent should not be molested; nor should he, like a slave, be compelled to pay tribute to party managers for his place, nor was he required or permitted to seize upon the control of local politics by virtue of the influence of his office. How long, however, did this virtuous impulse last? In less than six months after its proclamation the old arts and devices of unscrupulous politicians were again in the ascendant. The Federal office-holder again resumed his practice. He was again the chief of the caucus, of the ward meeting, and the controlling spirit of County and State Conventions. The teachings of the administration were openly disregarded and despised, and it had not the courage or self-respeot to make them heeded. Among the best officers, also, many were displaced or sought to be displaced, without cause and in defiance of tho rules laid down, while those who have violated every principle of the code of civil-service reform have in no instance been punished or even rebuked. Worse than this, however, what do we next behold ? The following circular has been issued at Washington, in the immediate presence of Mr. Hayes and his Cabinet, and with their knowledge and consent, as it plainly states : “ Washington, D. C., May 27, 1878. “ gin: This committee, charged with laboring for the success of the Republican cause in the coming campaign for the election of members of Congress, call with confidence on you as a Republics!* for such a contribution in money as you may be willing to make, hoping it may not be less than $ . The committee deem it proper in thus appealing to Republicans generally, to infoim those who happen to bo in Federal employ that there will be no (bjectiou in any iffi-ial quart-, r to such voluntary contribution.” This circular, after giving some false reasons for such an extraordinary measure, closes with the following significant admonition : “Please make prompt snd favorable response to this letter, and remit at once, by draft or postal money order, to Sidney F. Austin, Esq., Treasurer, etc. * * * “By order of the committee. “George C. Gorham, Secretary.”

It lias been ascertained that the amount being levied upon Federal office-holders is in no instance'less than 1 percent, of the salaries, and it oftener equals 2 per cent. There are now not less that 80,0C0 persons holding office in the civil service of the United States, and it is very safe to assume that their salaries will average SI,OOO per annum, making an aggregate (f $80,000,000. An assessment of 1 per cent, on this amount yields the enormous sum of SBOO, 000, to be used in the approaching elections. The mission of this money is to corrupt the ballot-box. to debauch, as far as possible, the virtue of the people, and to fasten on the country a policy contrary to the will of the majority. It is raised by extortion to be used in jobbery and bribery. A more dangerous movement than this can hardly be conceived. It is full of peril and menace to the very existence of popular liberty. On the one hand it seeks to reduce the entire force in the public service to a species of servitude, and on the other it attempts to poison the very fountains of all free Government. There are over 40,000 Postmasters in the United States, and tfiia great army of officials, together with Collectors of custom, of revenue, and all thoir subordinates, as well as the helpless, trembling clerks in the departments at Washington, whose wives and children depend upon their places for bread, are all, this hour, writhing under the party lash, under this cruel demand for party tribute, which means a compliance with its terms or a discharge from office. It appears that within a few days past some reluctance to comply with this demand has manifested itself in certain official quarters. We therefore find this same Republican committee issuing a new order still more imperative in tone, and more significant of danger to such as refuse its mandates. This order closes by saying : “We nave, therefore, arranged with the treasurer, Mr. Austin, to attend at the National Bank, corner of F and Seventh streets, from 4 to 5 o’clock p. m., to receive contributions from those in yonr department who have not already responded.” The salaries of clerkships under the Government range from S7OO to $1,500 per annum, and, in a few instances, higher. It requires, therefore, no stretch of the imagination for us to behold, each evening of these days, between 4 and 5 o’clock, the clerks nnder this administration, male and female, old and young, white and black, wending their heavy and sorrowful way to meet this Mr. Austin, the Corruption Agent of the leaders of the Republican party, there to contribute the per cent, of their earn ings so sadly needed in their stinted and barren homes. Honest voters of Indiana, do yon not turn with loathing from such a spectacle as this? Men of the Republican party, where is the high spirit of your once great organization? Has it sunk so low that it has no other means to sustain itself, to continue in power, than to extort from the helpless and dependent of both sexes, all ages, every color and every condition in life? Fallen and miserable, indeed, must be its once high estate when it is compelled to come before the pnblic with so disgraceful an issue; with its broken pledges of civil-service reform, with its shameless disregard of public morality, leaning for its support, as it totters to its downfall, on those who are so unfortunate as to hold official place nnder it. I arraign the leaders of the Republican party at the very threshold of this canvass as the organizers of corruption, the assessors of blackmail to be used in destroying the purity of elections, and in the overthrow of the rights of the people. If their schemes can be made successful and prevalent thronghout the country; if the policy of controlling elections by the use of money, now openly proclaimed by the party in power, shall receive no condemnation at the hands of the people, then oar institutions of free government will perish, and ©nr name will become a hissing ana a bvword in all the four qoarters of the globe. A claim is sometimes put forth in behalf of the present administration by a portion at least of the Republican party that it has what is known as a Southern policy, which commends it to fair-minded people. The fact that the Southern States are no longer, governed by military power; that their elections are no longer deteimined by the bayonet; that they have been restored to their places nnder the constitution, has been heralded to the world as an evidence of the statesmanship of those who are at the head of our national affairs. It is difficult to treat such a false pretense with patience. When, where, in what State, and before what audience, from Maine to Ore-

gon, was this policy ever announced as Republican doctrine? The war doted more than thirteen yours ago, and I challenge the proceedings of every convention of the Republican party,-from that hour to this, to furnish a single speech or a single resolution in favor of such a Measure. On the contrary, we find one campaign following another, political contest succeeding political contest, all forming an unbrokih record of hostility to the constitutional fights of the Southern States and people. Two years ago in Indiana the Republican candidate for Governor announced with bitter emjjfitasis that the ensanguined symbol of perpetml hate was the banner under which he made whis canvass. Every subordinate speaker in the State followed in the same strain. Ajipeech made at that time in behalf of the poftcy since pursued by Hayes would have at onjje excluded the Bpeaker from membership ia» the Republican party. The entire battle of |876 jras fought everywhere by the leaders of that party on their old doctrine of rancor, etne and blood. The Democratic party confronted it, as it has done from the close of the war, with the constitution as the only measure of power and warrant of Government for States South as well as States North. We have held from the hour of Lee’s surrender that the sorest and speediest method of restoring the Sonth to peace and prosperity was to extend to her people the equal protection of the constitution and the laws. It was thought then, as it is now, that an appeal to the honor and manliness of a conquered Deopleof oar own race and blood would be met by a renewed and faithful allegiance to the Government. The wisdom of our faith has been so fully exemplified, and has grown so strong in the pnblic opinion of this and all other countries, that a Republican administration, oarried into office in hostility to it, has at last been forced to accept and to administer tho Government on its principles. The so-called Southern policy of Mr. Hayes is simply a forced concession to the power of a public opinion created by the courage and devotion of the Democratic party. When inducted into an office to which he was not elected by the people he placed himself upon a platform on which neither he nor his party had ever before stood. In fact, neither the office which he holds nor the principles on which he administers/t. in his dealings with the South belongs to hini or his party. He has appropriated them both without right. Inmost powerful and stalwart leaders of his own party do not hesitate to declare his Southern policy to be of Democratic origin, and that the true title to it is in the Democratic party. What Republican State Convention has given it unqualified indorsement? When an indorsement has been attempted at all, as in the late Republican State Convention of Indiana, it has been in a timid, half-hearte*. and distrustful manner. On the other hand, such bold, strong men as Conkling, Blaine, Cameron, and, indeed, a large majority of the recognized leaders of the party, miss no opportunity to disclaim for the Republican party all responsibility for the Southern policy of the administration.

In the midst of its widespread demoralization, however, a strange and violent attempt has recently been made to revive the waning fortunes of the Republican party by a sensational attack on the investigation now being made into the alleged frauds by which the present adm nistration was placed in power. When this investigation was ordered by a Democratic House of Representatives a sort of hysterical scream burst out from tho entire Republican press. To dispassionate ears, however, it sounded more like the cry of oonscious guilt and fear of detection than of partriotio apprehension for the oountry. A new word was coined, prophetic of evil to our Government. We were informed with oracular emphasis that our Government was to be “ Mexicanized.” Mexicanized ! Do those who have hurled this word into our political vocabulary have any conception of its real meaning and application ? From the conquest of Cortez to the present hour Mexico has been a land of revolution and lawless turbulence. One of the leading features of her history has been the usurpation of power by those who were not entitled to it. Fraud and violence have controlled her highest official positions. The question there has not been who was not elected President of the republic, but who had the means of chicanery or force to obtain the position. Lerdo was but yesterday driven from the place, and Diaz now holds it in violation of the Mexic.n constitution, and without the sanction of popular suffrage. But does the evil example of Mexico apply to the conduct of a party which investigates fraud and seeks to ascertain the true expression of the popular will? Does it not rather apply with oru-hing force to that party which, having procured control of the Government by the openly confessed means of false returns, now seek to stifle all inquiry on the subject? Which policy would soonest and most certainly Mexicanize the American Government? What party is on the plainest road to that bad end ? Is it the Democratic parly, which aims to discover fraud, and to hold its criminal perpetrators up to public execration, or is it not, in tact, the Republican party, whose leaders have desecrated the ballot-box and sapped the very foundations of popular government, through the instrumentalities of the Andersons, the Webers, the McLins, the Dennises, the Jenkses, and that brazen gang now so conspicuous before the public ? Who can be harmed by investigation ? None but the guilty. Who dreads investigation ? It is my experience that the innocent have no fears, while it is the experience of mankind that tne guilty flee even when no one pursues. How much greater, then, must be their fear aud flight when they are hotly pursued by the indignation of a free people burning with a sense of wrong! I do not wonder, therefore, at the notes of alarm which filled the land when it was proposed to sift this great political crime of the nineteenth century to the bottom. It was right that it should be done. When the Electoral Commission was created the entire American people, with the exception of a few leaders who were in the conspiracy, expected it to make a thorough investigation of the facts, and to ascertain who in reality was chosen President. Its refusal to perform this plain duty was a surprise and a disappointment to every honest man of every political party. The Electoral Commission decided the great question of the popular will in the choice of a Chief Magistrate upon a meager, barren technicality. When it decided not to go behind the returns, it gave a legal title to Mr. Hayes,' binding in law, but entitled to no more respect than the liberty which an offender in court obtains by relyiug on a flaw in his indictment rather than a trial of the merits of his case. In view of this state of factß, could the House of Representatives do less than order an investigation ? But further: The Electoral Commission had not only failed to do its duty in this regard, but in a brief space of time the instruments which were used in the great conspiracy to defeat the popular will began to reveal the whole plot. This was to be expected. ShermaD, Matthews, Stoughton, Noyes, and others who visited Louisiana and Florida, are now undergoing the same fate which has always attended those who do unlawful things by the hands of others. History is simply repeating itself on this point. The tool of the conspiracy is always swollen with a sense of his own importance by reason of the guilty secret which he shares with men of position and character. Sooner or later he seeks to make this secret a source of profit to himself, nor will he ever be satisfied. The result is inevitable; he first threatens, and then those who are in his power, finding themselves unable to appease his constant and insatiate demands. he reveals everything, as if thereby he atoned for the original crime. Such is the philosophy of the coarse pursued by MclAn and Dennis in Florida, and by Anderson and others in Louisiana. Nor is there anything new in the maimer in which high officials at this time bear themselves toward those who are giving testimony against them- John Sherman and his associates are not the first who have drawn themselves up' in well-affected disdain, and disclaimed all knowledge pf the tools they once used and cast aside. Others before him have exclaimed to their former confederates, who returned piagne them : “A vaunt, I know you not!” But when was the world—tho great thinking, intellectual world—ever imposed on by'such conduct? Who is McLin, of Florida? Soon after the inauguration of Mr. Hayes he was appointed Chief Justice of the great Territory of New Mexico. There are many future States in that Territory as large as Indiana. The influence of the administration of . her laws reaches far into the future, and becomes a matter of the highest importance. This solemn duty was intrusted to Mr. McLin. Who will say that the President made so important an appointment in ignorance of the character of the man he appointed ? The Senate, however, being properly advised, rejected the nomination. McLin waited for something else, but waited in vain. Doubtless it was thought the debt due him was paid. At any rate, whether from motives of revenge, or moved perhaps by a quickened conscience, he has told the story how by his own instrumentality, and that of others, a clear ancj distinct

majority for Tilden aud Hendricks in FI irida was, by perjury and forgery, wiped out. and the electoral vote of tb t State given to Hayes and Wheeler. He cited the records at various precincts in corroboration of his statement. Then came a man by the name of Dennis. It appears that he has been an ol ject of the tenderest care and solicitude on the part of the Government. He held office and drew his salary without discharging a single duty for many months. Mr. Hayes himself personally recommended him to the Secretary of the Treasury as a first-class person for a position in the revenue department. He too, however, guided bv that law, vague and undefined thongh it may be, which sooner or later reveals wroug-doing, added his statement to that of McLin. Anderson, in whose behalf Senators, Secretaries, Collectors of Customs and the President himself, were sorely anxious for more than a rear, laid open the conspiracy by which a Democratic majority of between 5,000 and 10,000 in Louisiana was obliterated, and a majority of between 3,000 and 4,000 placed to the credit of Hayes an* Wheeler, This state of affairs in Louisiana and Florida was made known, and an investigation ordered by the House of Representatives. Is there a man in TnrH«.nft who says the House could have done less? It is asserted that this investigation may result in disturbing the title of the present occupant of the White House. My answer is plain and simple : By the forms of law he was inaugurated. * He has a legal right without the eqitable right. He will remain where he is to the end ot the constitutional term, unless he should be removed by virtue of that provision of the constitution wfiich has applied to every President from the foundation of the Government. He is liable to impeachment, and to no other process for removal. If lam reminded that the President can only be impeached for acts while in office, my answer is that that is true with this qualification: If it should be proved in this investigation, ot any other, in reference to Mr. Hayes or any future President, that he was an accomplice in the commission of unlawful acts by which he nrocured his place, he would undoubtedly*be liable to impeachment for such acts. In the present instance, Ido not apprehend such result, whatever the real facts may be. The great wrong will be redressed at the ballot-box. The investigation will emphasize the crime which has been committed against the American people. It wilt go iuto history as a warning to future times, and the fate of those who committed it will make it less l kely to ever occur again. There are some it is true, that make it appear probable that Mr. H ,yes shared with John Sherman aud others a knowledge of the kind of services that were rendered him in Louisiana and Florida. It is difficult to account for his strange distribution of patronage on any other hypothesis. Of those who are implicated by the proof, and who are stigmatized in the judgment of the world as participants in the frauds in Louisiana and Florida, soaroely one has failed to receive rich rewards. This feature of the conspiracy is filled with startling significance. The choicest places in honor and emoluments iu the Government have been bestowed upon, and are now enjoyed by, the principal actors in falsifying'the votes of those two States. John Sherman, the bosom friend of the President, heads the list of those who visited Louisiana. He was rewarded by the place of most power in the Cabinet. He was made Secretary of the Treasury, and is now cursing the country in that position. Stan’ey Matthews received the direct and open support of the President of the United States in his election to the Senate as a recognition of his services. Such an interference on the part of the National Executive was unheard of until then. Mr. Stoughton, of New York, added his support, and received the magnificent Ministry to Russia as his reward. Kellogg, of Louisiana, in consideration of his services, received his seat in the Senate by the vote of Mr. Matthews. Packard was a part of the general plan, and he has his remuneration ia being made Consul at Liverpool, the richest Consulate in our service. Every one of the .memorable Returning Board, Wells, Anderson, Cassanave and Kenner, have been recognized and rewarded by the men in whose interests they committed perjury and forgery. To these might be added a number more who glayed their part in minor capacities, and who ave been taken care of accordingly. Turning to the State of Fiorida, we find another intimate friend of the present incumbent of the White House, another Ohio man, heading the list of those who changed the vote of that State. Mr. Noyes, for his services, was speedily appointed to the very high position of Minister to France. Mr. Kasson, of lowa, a coworker in Florida, was at the same time made Minister to Spain. Gov. Stearns, who performed important services, was made one of the Hot Springs Commissioners; and Mr. Cowgill, who put the finishing touches upon tho whole transaction, was made a United States Marshal. Of McLin and Dennis, and their rewards, I have already spoken. I venture to say that such recognition of special and doubtful services was never before given by the head of any enlightened Government. It carries with it the self-evident proof of corruption, of bargain and exchange, of base services and peculiar rewards. The question of economy in the public expenditure is the one which next claims our attention. In connection with a false and oppressive system of finance there has been under Republican administrations a most reckless extravagance in the use of money raised from the hard earnings of the people. In proof of this fact it is only necessary to make a few brief and plain comparisons. The ordinary expenditures of the United States for war, navy, Indian, civil and miscellaneous list, exclusive also of pensions from the commencement of the Government up to and including the fiscal year of 1861, the yeir the war broke out, embracing a period of eighty-two years, amounted to $1,506,726,146. Passing by the extraordinary expenditures during the war, and computing the public expenses tor ten years from June 30, 1867, to June 30, 1876, inclusive, we find that they amounted, exclusive of the national debt, interest thereon, and pensions, to the sum of $1,528,917,137 a sum greater by over $20,000,000 during ten years of peace under Republican administrations than daring eightytwo years before that party obtained power. If we estimate the expenditures of ten years under Democratic administrations from June 30, 1852, to June 30, 1861, we find the amount to be $527,872,260, being $956,044,875 less than the ten years of Republican administration already computed. A reliable exhibit on this ■ abject is as follows : Net ordinary expenditures of the United States, exclusive of public debt, premiums, interest and principal, and exclusive also of pensions, for ten years, from June 30, 1852, to June 30, 1861, both inclusive, and for ten years from June 30, 1867, to June 30, 1876, both inclusive :

t6’9lß‘no‘99B* 59’0A8’H8‘m$ 18’t60*606’859‘I$ ' ’ ••spqoi 08'18l‘9f8‘008 50’f5l‘&69‘itB 58'SSS‘88t‘8S9 ••snoamripo -Bjm pns ijajo ii'969‘9ol‘oß 9r9Bf‘U9‘rß 59’881‘8i9‘59 smnpni 66'19i‘t69‘011 ort9>‘9if‘esr ol'6U‘tU'tßs 88’CI ez‘l6e‘fZft S9'Bfß‘sßß*69l* 8V61f‘659‘86S * i-a’S.s's! g-S* » 5 a § g'ce ? - If l| 1 2 IV S p ‘ a ' IXII 7 f §II |gg|f sill

This shows an incieaseof 167.59 percent, for ten years since the war over ten years previous to the war. Taking as a basis the census of 1860, the cost per capita for the net ordinary expenditures above named for ten years before the war was $18.21, while the net ordinary expenditures for the ten years since the war on the basis of the census of 1870 was $39.65. There are other facts, however, which are even more conclusive, if possible, than those already cited. The Democratic party has had a majority in the lower house of both the Fortyfourth and Forty-fifth Congress. For the first time since 1861 that party is justly chargeable with apart of the responsibilities of the Government. Let us, therefore, compare its works with those of its opponents. There are eleven great appropriation bills usually considered and passed by each succeeding Congress. They embrace the expenditure of the public money for the following objects: The army, the navy, the Legislative, Judicial, and Executive Departments of the Government; the Military Academy, fortifications, Consular and Diplomatic Service, the Postoffice, pensions, river and harbor improvements, and sundry civil. By an examination and comparison of the official rev

$1.50 Der Annum

NUMBER 26.

cords it appears that the appropriations made in these Dills by Demcoratio Houses for the years 1877, 1878 and ISSFJ, show a redaction of $88,270,236.47 under the appropriations made in similar bills, and for the same purpose, by •Republican Congresses for the years 1584, 1875 and 1876. The reductions were much greater wheat the bills originally passed the House, hut the Senate, in every instance, largehf increased the sum appropriated, and the House was sometimes, in committees of conferences, compelled to make concessions. These important facts, fall of significance for the future, will not be successfully disputed. They are beyond the reaoh of controversy; they are imbedded in the legislation of the country, Mid they appeal strongly to the people in behalf of those who have placed them there. Economy in public affairs was the cardinal doctrine of the Democratic party in the days of its greatest power, and it is encouraging to witness the exercise of the same great virtue as soon as it obtains even a partial control over the public moneys. Such a record, made under Jto verse circumstances, with the Senate apd t»’ Executive in opposition, will sustain those who made it against all assaults. An over-taxed people will readily yield their confidence to a party which furnishes acts of relief rather than mere empty professions. Had the guides sent forward by Joshua to explore the Promised Land returned emptyhanded, the Israelites would have listened with impatience and distrust to their report, however glowing and enticing it might nave been. But when they showed the rich fruits which they had gathered, the grapes, the figs, and the pomegranates, a weary, anxious people believed that the country before them was good, and they pressed forward to enjoy it. And so now the Democratic party does not come before you with mere promises of something in the future; it exhibits the fruits of its labors, and on them invites your confidence.

CURRENCY CONTRACTION.

Tlie present general prostration of business and depreciation of values of labor and all kinds of property were mainly caused by reducing the volume of our circulating medium available as an attribute of exchange over $1,000,000,000 from 1865 to 1873. We did not so seriously feel its effects while the fact was not generally known. It was not felt by the great mass of the people while confidence existed among business men and their credit was goed at the banks, as individual checks and bank drafts supplied the deficiency. Then bankers were happy, and their profits on real capital invested were 25 to 50 per cent, per anputn, with prominent officials drawing good fat salaries. There has been no time within the past twenty years, or in the commercial history of out' country, when labor was more remunerative or property and merchandise were more readily and generally sold for cash, or when all classes of people were more able and willing to pay their taxes, duties, imposts and excises, except cupid capitalists and railroad wreckers, than during the jears of 1865-6-7. Then Congress liad provided for the “general welfare of the people ” by providing an ample circulating medium of exchange of S4O to SSO per capita, although of but partial monetary power. But to gratify the cupidity of the money power, over $1,000,000,000 of that indispensable element of the pc .pie’s prosperity was transformed into untaxed bonds, and a bankers’syndicate was foimed to transport them to a foreign land, not only depriving thepeople’siudustnesof the essential means fur developing our mechanical ana agricultural resources and properly providing for the home consumption of our homo productions, cultivating our waste lands, increasing our revenues and the facilities of education, promoting the cultivation of art and science and all essential elements of civilization, the adornment of homes, providing parks for healthful recreation, public balls for lectures and amusements and churches for devotion ; but it has also sapped the vitality of those previously developed, by the payment of commissions, usurious discounts and interest on those bonds and current Da'ioDal, State and municipal expenditures. The practical experience of the past ten years has demonstrated that it is not the price of gold, but the volume of money available for use, that gives prosperity to our people ar d value to property, and the millions of unpaid taxes in all parts of our country, tin collectable because the people are unable to pay them, demonstrate that, with the present volume of money in circulation, taxation to pay interest on untaxed bonds and national, State and muDi'ipal expenditures, inevitably results in confisca'ion of all home comforts and maDy homes of the great mass of the people, especially laboring people, invjlids, widows and orphans. With the business of the country paralyzed, confidence destroyed a multitude'of laborers out of employment, the bills of bankers—oven gold and silver -—are worth no more than so many cords of granite, hoarded in bank vaults and sub-treas-uries, for the promotion and support of the people’s industries. In 1873, by the payment of interest on deposits from corresponding interior banks, a few New York banks (controlled by Wall street gold gamblers and railroad robbers) were enabled to concentrate and corner most of the then existing money, and crush the Northern Pacific railroad enterprise of Jay Cooke & Co., because it promised competition with that corporate monopoly, the Central Pacific (built with untaxed bonds, plundered from the people), producing thereby a panic which demonstrated the insufficient volume of money available for circulation —compelling our banks to suspend granting their usual discounts and the payment of the people’s money deposited. with them, and destroying confidence amoDg business men, while, for want of a proper volume of money as a medium of exchange, all kinds of industrial productions, labor and property depredated in salable value, until millions of laboring people were deprived of remunerative employment, and insolvency and bankruptcy became the inevitable fate of all active business men outside of administrative, revenue and expenditure rings. I find in the Inter-Ocean of Julv 16 the following statistics, compiled from official sources and a volume called “ Gold and Debt,” showing the amount of our circulation per capita, and its contraction, from 1865 to 1877: Amount per Year. Currency. Population. capita. 1865 $1,661,232,373 34,819,681 $47.42 1866 1,803,702,725 &5,537.148 50 76 1887 1 330,414,677 36,269,602 36.68 1868 817,199,773 37,016,949 22.08 1869 750,025,983 87,779,800 19.86 1870 740,039,179 38,658,371 19.19 1871 734,244,774 39,750,073 18.47 1872 7£6 349,912 40,978,607 17.97 1873 738 291,749 42,245,110 17.48 1874 779,031,589 43,660,756 17.89 1875 778 176,250 41,896,705 17.33 1876 735,358,832 46,284,344 15.89 1877 696,441,391 47,714,829 14.60 The following stati tiC3 compiled by W. F Kimball, of New Haven, Ct„ showing the price of gold, flour and beef from 1860 to 1874: Xear. Gold. Flour. Reef. 1860 SI.OO $5.25 $10.75 1861 1.00 5.50 9.00 1862 1.00 @1.37 5.47 12.00 1863 J. 37 @1.7254 5.87 12.50 1864 1.72 @2 85)4 6.30 13.25 1865 1.46# 9.72 20.50 1866 1.4 1 7.60 19 00 1867 1.37 9.42 13.50 1868 1.36 8.70 15.00 1869 1.24 5.70 14 00 1870 1.10 4.92 14.00 1871 1.18 5.50 12.50 1872 1 11 6.00 10.00 1873 1.12 5.95 11.00 1874 1.13 5.95 10.37 which demonstrate that the value of gold as money has not been governed by the volume of currency, and that it is not the price of gold that governs the value of products or confidence among business men or the stability of tfieir commercial relations. I notice in the Railway Aae a computation taken from the Financial Chronicle two years ago (high authority): A STATEMENT OF DEFAULTING RAILROADS. Number Am'unl of Roads. of. Bonds. Defaults before 1873 37 $134,684,600 Defaults in 1873 before Sept. 30 (the panic) 35 91,740,500 Defaults In 1873 after Sept. 30... 25 152,233,250 Defaults in 1874 71 265.066.701 Defaults in 1875 25 1 40,488,214 Defaults in 1876 8 29,803,000 Total 201 $814,316,265 Total bonded railroad debt in United States 42,175,000,000 Per cent, of defaulted bonds to total.. 30.7 Total bonds—stock and debt of railroads In United States, about 4,775,000,000 Total bonds—stock and debt of defaulting railroads, estimated 1,800,000,000 Per cent, of investment in defaulting roads to total investment........... 38.7 In a later summary for 1876-7 I find for the entire year 1876: No. of Roads. Mileage. Capital Rep. Sold under foreclosure.. 30 3,816 $217,748,000 Receivers appointed and

§Henwcrnti<i JOB PRINTINB OFFICE llm better facilities than any office in Northwester* Indiana for the execution of all branch** of JOB PRINT lUNTGr. PROMPTNESS A SPECIALTY. Anything, from a Dodger to a Price-Diet, or from » Pamphlet to a Poster, black or oolored, plain or fancy, SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

proceedings commence J 46 7,576 588,0.0,006 And in 1877: No. of Roads. Hi eat) re. Copit il Rep. Sold under foreclosure.. 54 3,879 $198,984,400 Proceedings commenced. 44 5,409 320,681,930 Sales ordered 16 2,238 255,755,800 Total 114 11,522 $775,421,630 These figures show that this destructive process is going on with increased velocity—as the fatal day of resumption approaches—which has brought and must bring fearful results, unless prompt measures are taken to stay the currents rushing on to the inevitable maelstrom. The same authority estimates the losses to the present time on railroad property alone at 50 per cent, of the capital represented—which amounts to $2,387,500,000—and this great loss falls almost wholly upon our own people, mostly by persons of limited means who hold the stock, while alien bondholders, and a few Wall st reet stock gamblers, who hold most of the first mortgage bonds, are rapidly acquiring tho title in fee by foreclosure (or gobbling the stock at an infinitesimal price) to nearly all tho main arteries of circulation of our internal commerce (our railroads) that they may slake their thirst for greed on tire blood of the industries of our people—by monopolizing and pooling exorbitant charges, and taking all net receipts hereafter. The same ratio of depreciation uxtends to all other classes of stocks, such as insurance, bank, mining and manufacturing, and, in fact, to all corporate investments, as well as real estate and personal properly of every kind or nature on land, lake or sea, to an amount almost beyond the power of figures to represent, producing financial disaster, the result of McCulloch's and Sherman’s clients’ financial policy. They have, until recently, taught that silver and gold were the true standard of all value, by reason and virtue of their indestructibility and universal use ; but recently, when it better suited their crafty acquisitiveness they suddenly found that it required a third, and more potent element, viz., legislative enactment, to give those commodities a standard value, subservient to their interests ; by legislative enactment they procured the demonetization of silver in Germany and in this country, thus demonstrating the axiom that the third is, was, and ever has been the most potent element in fixing and maintaining a definite monetary value to any substance or commodity. Our people are learning the importance and influence of those two words. Our corporate bodies have for some sixty years, to consummate their schemes for pluuder, relied upon what is commonly kuown as the Dartmouth-College decision—of our highest judicial power—which embodied the Blaelcstonian proposition, that whatever Parliament doeth, no power on earth can undo. But all honor to the granger, 8. M. Smith, of Kewanee, who in his school days had read the story of that honorablo poor of Blackstone, Lord Chief Justico Halo, who once laid aside his ermine and put on a dusty robe and represented an honest miller, to purge the court and jury of tho influence of tho ancestral lineage of this same money power, which is now the direst scourge of our land. That sage jurist rose higher than Blackstone and drew inspiration from the power that created Parliament, and so spread the transparent rays of unalloyed justice on the tablets of common law that the storms of two centuries have failed to tarnish them. Like' diamonds of pure water, they sparkle and glow to light the pathway of our highest jurists, whose recent decisions confirm the right of the people through their representatives to so "modify chartered privileges that they shall not grow into unendurable extortionists, wielded by unscrupulous officials who care not for the equities of tho people, or capitalists who intrust them with their funds. We find busmesß prostrated throughout the land. The great mass of the people have struggled with the tide of contraction, compelled to economize, and to mortgage their homes, to pay their taxes and provide the necessaries of life, and have become so contracted that the tax-gatherers and mortgagees have taken most of their property and their homes. Our great factories and machine-shops are closed or running at a loss. Our stores and tenements are vacant by the thousand,and their recent prosperous occupants living on public or private charity, or traversing tho country, bearing the stigma of “ tramps,” seeking labor to procure food and raiment. This destructive system of contraction affects not alone the laborer, and mechanic, and all our great industries, but it has sapped the sacred fount of the trust funds, and savings of invalids, of widows and orphans. It has depreciated their securities on lands, tenements, stocks and life-insurance securities, and savings bank deposits, to an alarming extent. Advocates of contraction say it is caused by over-production. As production is the source of all sustenance and wealth, for the general welfare of all, where is the possibility of overproduction of useful or ornamental commodities ? Civilization unfolds new and increasing wants, which open other avenues for labor, and, as facilities increase, the cost decreases, and competition brings the price within the means of the greater number. But when the medium of exchange is, as now, inadequate to give remunerative value to labor, and its production, and the great mass of the people are unable to purchase, consumption diminishes and general stagnation of business must inevitably ensue. I know not where to find that overproduction, unless it be of idle men, with destitute families. Of else pray tell us what? From New England’s hills, our fertile plains, and Sierras’ peaks, echo makes tho sarno answer—what?

Royal Courage.

A story of the attempt on the life of King George 111. is worthy to be remembered. On May 15, 1800, the English Ministers received notice that an attempt would be made to assassinate the King, and advised him not to go to Drury Lane. George lIL replied that he feared nothing. On arriving he took care to enter his box first, and as he did so a pistol shot was heard and a bullet lodged in the ceiling. He turned and said to the Queen, who was behind him : “Stand back for a moment—they are burning some cartridges.” He then advanced to the front of the box and, folding his arms, called aloud : “Now yon may fire if you like. ” An appeal to the sentiment and admiration of a crowd always produces its effect. The audience rose to their feet like a single man and raised lond acclamations. After this he allowed his family to enter the box, saying: “Now-there is no danger.” Three times “God Save the KiDg” was sang, and Sheridan, who was present, added two new verses. When the King was complimented on his courage he replied: “The life of a King is at the mercy of any one who is willing to expose his own." I only performed the duty of my station.”

Great Flow of Beer.

Beer is drank pretty freely in all parts of Germany, but in Munich it literally supersedes water, which is only used for boiling potatoes, washing dishes and making beer. As much beer as a person can drink can be had for 10 pfennigs, or about 2| cents, cold and sparkling, and it is not to be wondered at that everybody relies upon it, when good drinking water is so scarce, and if you put a lump of ice in it will cost as much money. A visit to the breweries, and beer gardens and tap-rooms of Munich would astonish the most inveterate beerdrinkers of Baltimore. It is sold at the breweries iD mugs holding about as much as four ordinary glasses, so great is the demand that of au evening when the spigot of a fresh barrel is turned it is never stopped unlit the barrel is empty. We have seen five barrels thus running at one time in a large establishment, the mugs being filled with remarkable dexterity. It is used in every family as a part of the daily food, young and old partaking of it with all the freedom that we use water. They contend that it is healthy and much less injurious than coffee, and that as few persons injure themselves by drinking it to excess as others do by drinking too much coffee. —Letter from Germany. A Connecticut plow factory is making 5,000 plows, to fill an order from South America.