Democratic Sentinel, Volume 2, Number 20, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 28 June 1878 — Page 1

jPf §jtmocmtic A DEMOCRATIC NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED EYERY FRIDAY, by TAMES W. McEWEN. i TERMS of STTBSCRIPTIOH. Dne copy on# year On# copy #l* month# Uos On# copy three month#... Jl KWAd vcrtlfling rate# on application.

NEWS OF THE WEEK.

FOREIGN NEWS Queen Mercedes, of Spain, is so ill that her condition causea much anxiety. St. Petersburg advices are to the effect that the Iluaeiaxs are greatly annoyed at the agreement of the congress that the Turks may garrison the Balkan passes. In Bt. Petersburg Hchouvaloff is seriously blamed for the abandonment of some of the important fruits of the war. A Berlin correspondent of the London Twits says : <r ßoaconsfield informed Bismarck with extraordinary energy that on the question of fortifying the Balkan passes and garrisoning them with Turks England would not hesitate a moment, and that he would quit Berlin if her demands were unsatisfactory.” DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE. East. The extensive pork-packing establishment of Charles 11. North A Co., near Boston, has been destroyed by tire. Loss about #750,000. Hon. T. J. Quinn, Member of Con.•gress from the Albany (N. Y.) District, is dead. William Vermilye, founder of the banking house of Vermilye A Co., New York, is dead. An expedition for the recovery of the relics of Si>- John Franklin sailed from New York the other day. The celebration of the privations borne Iby Revolutionary patriots at Valley Forge was held near Norristown, Pa., on the 19th of June. Moses A. Wlieeloek, who has been widely known for more than twenty years ae President of the New York Stock Exchange, committed soicklc, the other day, by shooting himeoif in the head. West. Advices from the West report that Gen. Howard, at the head of a well-organized force, had commenced a forward movement against tho hostile Indians in Idaho. The latter number about 700, including Bannocks, Nez Purees, Shoshones and Piutes. Akron, Ohio, has had a destructive fire. The Academy of Musio building and several stores were burned, involving a loss of about .#150,000. Gen. Harrison will at once institute suit for damages against the Ohio and Miami Medical Colleges at Cincinnati, and the Ann Arbor Collego, Michigan, in #IO,OOO each, for tho parts taken in rosurrecting the bodies of J. Bcott Harrison, his father, and his friend, young Devin.

George Sherry and Jeremiah Connolly were hanged at Chicago on the 21st of June for the murder of Hugh McConville, in January last. On the «ame day Perry Bowsher was executed at Chillicotho, Ohio, for the murder of an old man and woman named McVey, and Charles Barns was hanged at Paris, 111., for tho murder of Elijah Birdwell, in October 1 ast. About 200 tramps boarded a freight train on the Wabash road, at Jacksonville, 111., on Juno 21, saying they intended to ride, as they had had all the walking they wanted. Every possible device was employed to get them off of the traiu, but to no purpose. The tramps wore determined to stay. The railroad employes were entirely too few to cope with ■ this mob. The consequence was that the tramps stayed on the traiu until it reached Quincy, when they got off and scattered throughout the city, a number of them being arrested during the night by the police. The region about Quincy is reported to bo swarmiug with tramps, and the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy and the Wabash tracks are reported by passengers to bo lined with them for miles. The people of Rockford, 111., were recently treated to a dose of “ supposititious ” journalism after tho style affected by sensational papers. They were intensely agitated by the publication in a local sheet of an atrocious hoax, iu which the most fearful possibilities of a general Communistic uprising throughout America were served up as actual occurrences.

Bouth. Two men who were in custody on the charge of having outraged the person of Mrs. Graves, living near Mitchell, Tenn., on the 16th of May last, were taken from jail last week and lynched by a large body of armed men. Edward H. Castley was executed at Frederick, Md., June 21, for the murder of his cousin, Solomon Castley, in April, 1877. Jacob Levels (colored) was hanged the same day at Little liock, Ark. From accounts received by way of Galveston it appears that Gen. Mackenzie carried mattors with a high hand in his recent expedition into Mexico at the head of a column of United States troops. He was confronted by a Mexican detachment of inferior numbers, about forty-five miles from the border, commanded by Col. Valdez, the latter under orders to ropel the invasion; but he was informed that he must get his Mexicans out of the way within a certain time or they would be fired upon. The Mexicans, not being strong enough to resist, avoided a collision, and the *"•/ all their own way. The expedition is reportod to have oeeu »._u. less so far as the making of captures was concorned. POLITICAL. The Maine Democratic Convention was held at Portland on the 18th of June. Alonzo Garcelon was nominated for Governor. The platform condemns any further issue of Government bonds whereby equal taxation with other property of the country is avoided, favors the gradual substitution of greenbacks for national-bank bills, and approves of the investigation by Congress into the alleged Presi-dential-election frauds. The Republican State Convention of lowa was held at Des Moines on June 19. ExBenator Wright presided, and ex-Congressman James F. Wilson was Chairman of the Com..littee on Resolutions. J. A. T. Hull was nominated for Secretary of State, B. R. Sherman for Auditor, George W. Bemis for Treasurer, J. K. Powers for Register of the Land Office, J. J. McJunkin for Attorney General, J. H. Rotlirock for Supreme Judge, John S. Runnels for Supreme Court Reporter, E. J. Holmes for Clerk of the Supreme Court. The platform declares that: By tbe combined working of the National and State Governments under their respective constitutions, the rights of every citizen should be secured at home and protected abroad, and the common welfare promoted. Any failure on the part of either the National or State Governments to use every possible constitutional power to afford ample protection to their citizens, both at home and abroad, is a criminal neglect of their highest obligation. That It is not only the right but the duty of every good citizen, at the party caucuses, In the party conventions, and at the polls, to use his best efforts to secure the nomination and election of

The Democratic sentinel.

JAS W. MoEWEN, Editor.

VOLUME 11.

good m#n to places of official trust, and we disapprove of all Interference with the perfect freedom of action of any citizen in file exercise of said right and in the discharge of said duty. The Vermont Democrats met in State Convention at Montpelier last week and nominated W. H. H. Bingham for Governor, Jerome W. Pierce for Lieutenant Governor, and George E. Boyce for Treasurer. The Workingmen’s party developed astonishing strength at the recent election in California for members of the Constitutional Convention. A Ban Francisco dispatch says the complexion of the convention as regards county delegates will be as follows: Non-Partisan, 52; Workingmen, 48 ; Republicans, 10 ; Democrats, 8. Full returns may vary the above to the extent of half a dozen. The city of Ban Francisco was carried by the Workingmen by a large majority. The Missouri Greenbaokers held their State Convention at Sedalia last week. A. L. Gilstrop was nominated for Judge of the Supreme Court, Gireso Hayden for Railroad Commissioner, and J. M. Greenwood for Superintendent of Public Instruction. The platform demands tlifi repeal of the Specie Resumption act and the issue of absolute money in greenbacks equal to gold and silver, denounces the present system of convict labor, opposes the introduction of Chinese labor, and pronounces against strikes and all violent measures for the relief of labor. Mrs. Capt. Jenks, of New Orleans, was before the Potter committee on Saturday, June 22, to testify in regard to the Sherman letter. Her story in regard to the letter was this : Anderson was pressing Weber to obtain certain guarantees from Sherman, and Weber united with Anderson in writing a joint note to Sherman, a copy of which Anderson produced. This note, she declares, was handed to her sealed to deliver, and that, upon carrying it to a parlor in the St. Charles Hotel, where the visiting statesmen had their sessions, she opened it and became aware of its contents. She never delivered it according to directions, but upon reaching the parlor she dictated a reply to it at a side desk, inclosed it in an envelope after it was completed, directed it to Weber and Anderson, and carried it back and delivered it to Weber. She refused to state who wrote the letter at her dictation, but said that, after it was written, she picked it from the table, inclosed it, and delivered it to Weber. She declared that Sherman Knew nothing of the existence of the letter.

WASHINGTON. Orders have been issued by the Internal Revenue Bureau for the enlistment of a posse, to be employed in hunting down a number of crooked whisky-makors somewhero in the wilds of Alabama. Attorney General Devens, last week, sent to Congress an answer to the House resolution calling for a statement of the pardons issued since March 4, 1877. The whole number up to May 20 is 284. No copies of papers relative to the pardons are sent in as called for. Devens pleaded insufficient clerical force to copy them. It is said that more bills were passed during tho last week of Congress than during the entire session previous. There was a wedding at the White House last week, the contracting parties being Miss Platt, niece of the President, and Gen. Russell Hastings, of the army. About the same hour Mr. Joseph Pulitzer, a well-known journalist, was married at the Church of the Epiphany to Miss Davis, a reigning belle of Wa bington and a niece of Jeff Davis. Congress having refused to appropriate the money expended by the commission sent to Louisiana in tho spring of 1877 to arbitrate between the Packard and Nicholls Governments, ex-Gov. Brown, of Tennessee, one cf the Commissioners, sent to the Treasury Department the other day a draft for #827, that being his share of the bill. Secretary Sherman immediately returned the draft, with an expression of his belief that at the next session of Congress the appropriation will be made, and the assurance that if this belief is not verified the President will pay tho whole amount himself. The Stanley Matthews Senate committee held its first meeting in Washington on the 21st of Juno. James E. Anderson was the first witness summoned, but he positively refused to answer any questions. He told the committee that if Senator Matthews would go before the Potter committee and testify, he (Anderson) would answer any questions the Matthews committee might ask him but otherwise he would remain dumb as An oyster. In the absence of the Senate there being no power to punish a contumacious witness, the committee adjourned subject to the call of the Chairman. Associate Justice Miller, of the United States Supremo Court has undergone a surgical operation of lithotomy.

MISCELLANEOUS GLEANINGS. A dispatch from San Antonio says that “extraordinary excitement prevails at Piedras Negras, in Mexico, on account of the presence of Gen. Mackenzie on Mexican soil. The Mexicans are volunteering and organizing to fight him.” Grain in sight in the States and Canada: Wheat, 0,340,000 uuouvio, wiu, w,0v0,000 bushels ; oats, 9,208,000 bushels; rye, 521,000 busneis ; naiioy, 1,104,000 bushels. The scull race at Pittsburgh, Pa., last week, for the championship of the United States and a purse of $2,000, between Evan Morris, of Pittsburgh, and James Hanlan, of Canada, resulted in a victory for the Canadian by four lengths. Time, for the five miles, thir-ty-seven minutes. An immense crowd witnessed the contest. Senator Bruce, of Mississippi, was recently married in Cleveland, Ohio, and will travel in Europe with his bride. Ex-Gov. Brown, before leaving Washington, responded to the letter of Secretary Sherman returning the drafts forwarded to the department in payment of his (Brown’s) share of the Louisiana Commission expenses, again inclosing the draft, saying he feels constrained to do so from a sense of duty to himself and the parties liable for the amount expended.

PORT Y-FIFTH CONGRESS. Monday, Jane 17. —Senate.—After a brief discussion, but without amendment, the House bill to organize the Life-Saving Service was passed. It authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to establish a number of new stations on tbe sea and lake coasts, and provides for the appointment of a General Superintendent by the President, and of a District Superintendent ior the Gulf coast by the Secretary of the Treasury, etc.... A resolution was adopted authorizing the Committee on Educa*n<l Labor to inquire into the industrial condition of the country; the extent, nature, and causes of the depression of business and the enforced idleness of labor, and what remedies, if any, J* n .,.® P ro T^ ed by national legislation, and report by bi!l or otherwise.... The Senate had a long debate on the amendment to the Sundry Civil bill, appropriating $3,000 to defray the expenses of the commission Bent by the President to New Orleans to arbitrate between Nlcholls and Packard The amendment was tabled by a vote of 32 to 22. House.—A resolution was adopted authorizing a select committee to inquire Into the depressed condition of labor throughout the country and recom-

RENSSELAER, JASPER COUNTY,INDIANA, FRIDAY, JUNE 28,1878.

mend remediez there f0r.... The bill to amend the Internal Revenue laws wae passed after a long debate. Its principal provision is to reduce the tobacco tax to 16 cents per pound.... Mr. Harris, from the Committee on Elections, reported the Robertsen, of Louisiana, and Elam, of Louisiana (the sitting members in the contestedelection cases), are entitled to their seats, and that in the Alabama contested-election case of Haralson and Shelley additional testimony may be taken. The reportß were all agreed to. Mr. Harris also reported a resolution to pay the ten contestants and contestees SI,OOO each, and two others S6OO each in part for their expenses of the contest. Agreed t 0.... The contested-election case from South Carolina—Richardson vs. Rainey—was postponed till next session.... The House, after a long and animated debate, lasting till midnight, defeated the bill appropriating $5,500,000 to pay the award of the Halifax Fisheries Commission. The scene attending the defeat of this measure was one of the most violent in the history of the session. It was the intention of the managers of the bill to prevent debate. Mr. Butler discovered this, and became very demonstrative in his effortß to defy the authority of the House. He asked unanimous consent to speak, which was refused, violent objection being made from all parts of the hall. Mr. Butler insisted upon speaking, but bis voice was drowned in the tumult. The shouts from the Republican side were deafening, and quite drowned Mr. Butler’s voice. Turning around and facing tbe Republican side of the House, he defied them to stop him, and shook his head in a belligerent way. The Sergeant-at-Arms was finally sent to Mr. Butler, and remained standing by liton with orders to seat him until the tumult ended. ...Mr. Butler offered a resolution, which was adopted without a dissenting voice, requesting Jjhe Senate to instruct Hon. Stanley Matthews, a member of that body, to appear and testify biff ore the House Committee on Electoral Frauds. There was little debate on the resolution, and as little appearance of interest in it. Tuesday, June 18,—Senate. —Tbe Senate was engaged nearly all day On the Sundry Civil Appropriation bill. The amendments appropriating $5,50P,000 to pay the award of the Halifax Commission, and modifying the contract with James B. Eads for the improvement of the South pass of the Mississippi river, were adopted.... Mr. Paddock called up the House bill for the relief of settlers on public lands Passed.... In explanation of the bill Mr. paddock said it merely extended the provisions of the act of March 3, 1877, so as to allow settlers who had their crops injured by grasshoppers to leave their homesteads temporarily for the purpose of obtaining sustenance. House. —The House concurred in the Senate concurrent resolution declaring that the treaty with China, allowing unrestricted immigration to this country, should be modified, and calling the attention of tee President to the subject... .The Senate substitute for the House bill repealing the Resumption law was non-concurred in, for want of the necessary two-thirds majority—--140 to 105—so that the bill falls. ...The bill directing the Secretary of the Treasuiy to pay Southern mall contractors for services rendered prior to tho war was finally agreed to, with amendments providing that the claimants shall give a bond for the return of the money to the United Stateß in case it shall be discovered that the claims were paid by the Confederate States... .The Senate bill to modify the Eads jetty contract was passed.... Mr. To wnshend, of Illinois, moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill to repeal that section of the Resumption act which authorizes tho sale of United States bonds for purposes of resumption, and to provide that United States notes shall be receivable for duties on imports. Rejected—yeas, 114; nayß, 113— not the necessary two-thirds in the affirmative.... Mr. Pound moved to suspend the rules and pass the Benato bill extending for ten years the time to complete the Northern Pacific railroad. Defeated—yeas, 89; nays, 127.-.. .It was found necessary to prolong the session another day, and both houses agreed to a resolution extending the time for adjournment to Wednesday, 19th, at 6 p. m. Wednesday, June 19.— Senate.— Tbo Prosi dent pro tem. announced as the committee on the part of the Senate to consider the subject of reorganizing the army, Messrs. Burnside, Plumb and Butler. The President pro tem. also appointed Messrs. Oglesby, Saunders, and McCreery the committee on the part of the Senate to consider the subject of transferring the Indian Bureau from the Interior to the War Department.... There was considerable debate in executive session concerning the nominations of Reuben E. Fenton, William S. Groesbeck, and Francis A. Walker as Cmmissioners to represent the United States in the coming international conference on the silver question. Finally the nomination of Groesbeck and Walker was confirmed and Fenton rejected. Tho President then sent in the name of Judge Charles B. Lawrence, of Illinois, as the third Commissioner, but, before action upon it could be taken, Mr. Conkling, who had been absent during these proceedings, came in, and, making an earnest appeal in behalf of Mr. Fenion, secured a reconsideration of the vote by which he was rejected. He was then confirmed by two majority. House.—Mr. Ewing moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill to retire national-bank notes and substitute treasury notes for them. Rejected—yeas, 109; nays, 114. The result was greeted with applause on the Republican side. .... A bill was passed under a suspension of the rules, providing that on and after the Ist of October, 1878, legal-tender notes of the United States shall be receivable at par in payment of customs du ies... .Mr. CoDger moved to suspend the rules and pass the joint resolution proposing a constitutional amendment forever prohibiting the payment of any claim for property taken, used, injured or destroyed by United States troops during the war of the Rebellion unless the owner was loyal to the Government, and ga v e neither aid nor encouragement to tne enemy. Agreed to— yeas 144; nays. 61.... A number of other bills and resolutions were passed under a suspension of the rules... .The Spiaker.announced the appointment of the following commissions : On tbe reorganization of the army, Banning, Dibrell, Bragg, Strait, and White of Pennsylvania ; on the transfer of the Indian Bureau to the war Department, Seales, Boone, Hooker, Van Vorhes and Stewart; on the labor question, Hewitt of New York, Riddle, Dickey, Tucker, Thompson, Rice and 80yd.... The Sundry Civil Appropriation bill occupied the attention of the House, and necessitated a postponement of the session to Thursday morning at 5 o’clock, at which hour both houses adjourned till the regular date of assembling in December... .The Post-Route bill, containing the Brazilian steamship subsidy, the restoration of the franking privilege, reg illation of postage on mail matter, and regulation of railway service, failed between the two houses.

Campaign Assessments.

• In response to inquiries from a clerk, Secretary Schurz has written the following letter : Dear Sib : I have received your letter submitting to me the following questions connected with the circuler received by you from the Congressional Campaign Committee, asking for contributions to the campaign fund : Whether you are obliged to pay such contribution ; whether you are permitted to do so; and whether your doing so or not doing so will affect your official standing and prospects in this department ? 1. You receive your salary as an employe of the Government for certain services rendered in your official capacity, not as a member of a political party. The salary so earned belongs to you, and, unless taxed by law, it is in no sense subject to any assessment for any purpose whatever. In return for it you are expected to perform your official duties faithfully and efficiently ; nothing more. In this connection I have to call your attention to the following statutory provision (19 stat., p. 169, sec. 3): “That all executive officers as employes of the United States not appointed by the Presiww4la. 4L® wl-riao a*wl n.xnoont o# fho flan. ate, are prohibited from requesting, giving te or receiving from, any other officer or employe of the Government any money or property or other thing of value for political purposes; and any such officer or employe who shall offend against the provisions of this section shall be at once discharged from the service of the United States ; and he shall also be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction thereof, shall be fined in a sum not exceeding SSOO. 2. You are as free as any other citizen to spend your spare money in any legitimate way you please, and as your political principles or your public spirit may suggest, provided you do not violate the above-quoted provision of law, either directly or indirectly. 3. Your contributing or not contributing, as above stated, will not affect in any manner whatever your official standing or prospects in this de-

partment.

A Crab and a Lawsuit.

A curious case came up before a Baltimore Police Court the other day. A naughty boy named John Wilson, it appears, delights to tease his companions, and, the other day, possessing himself of a live crab, he gave into its grasp the nose of a boy named Eagan. Despite his utmost exertions Eagan could not rid himself of the crustacean, and it was only when the bystanders rent the crab piecemeal that the boy was released. To avenge this insult to her offspring Eagan : s mother soundly whipped young Wilson, who thereupon had her brought before a court for assault and battery. The Judge, however, apparently considering honors easy, dismissed the suit. It has been calculated that about 100,000 boatmen are employed on the canals of England and Wales ; that 70,000 women live in the oanal-boats, and the children found afloat make up a total population of nearly 600,000. No women or children are allowed to live in canal-boats in either Scotland or Ireland.

THE EMPEROR’S DANGER.

An Eye-Witness Describes the Last Attempt on the Kaiser’s Lite. [Berlin Cor. New York World.] Two o’clock on Sunday afternoon, Unter den Linden. It is a cool, pleasant June day. The crowd, streams idly along this broad street. The cases are filled. The stately officers of the Royal Guard are out in all the elegance of fulldress uniform. Richly-dressed women sweep the pavement with their long, slim trains. Here and there a trio of students swagger through the crowd, with bright-colored caps and scarred faces. Ceaseless is the flow of droschkies, carrying the easy-going Berliners, with wives and children, toward the green alleys of the Thiergarten. The Kaiser’s carriage rolls out from the door-way of his palace at the other end of tbe Linden. He is going, as a good Berliner)' to take his daily drive in the Thiergarten. The equipage is a simple Victoria, low and open, drawn by two small, quick-trotting black horses. There is nothing to distinguish it from other carriages except the waving plumes of the Jager who sits upon the box. The Kaiser sits erect upon the back seat as the carriage, with its rub-ber-covered wheels, rolls swiftly and noiselessly down the street. He bears his fourscore years nobly, and his greeting is sincere and kind as he answers the respectful salutations which every one .delights to give him. I believe there are plenty of people who walk on the south side of Unter den Linden at this hour for no other purpose than the simple pleasure of taking off their hats to the brave old Emperor. I will confess to having done so myself.

The carnage is passing No. 18, in the most crowded and fashionable part of the street. Suddenly, from an open window in the second story, two gunshots flash like lightning out of a clear sky! The Kaiser sinks back on the seat. Blood trickles down his face. The carriage stops. The Jager springs from his seat and holds his wounded master in his arms while the carriage slowly turns and drives down th®» other side of the street toward the palace. I stand within fifteen feet of the equipage as it passes. I see the stately figure lying there helpless; the red stream trickling slowly over the bronzed face, now so pallid; the pain, the anguish, the unutterable dejection in those manly features. I realize, as if in an evil dream, that for the second time within barely three weeks the Emperor of Germany has been shot at like a dog in the streets of his own capital. The people are wild with excitement and rage. A crowd has gathered itself in an instant about the house. The street is filled with haste and confusion. Men rusii up to the room of the assassin and break open the door. He meets the first who enters with a revolver-shot and then shoots himself, but not fatally. He is captured and bound. The people below are frantic. They threaten to tear him in pieces. The big prison-van comes up to take him away, but it is too high to pass under the doorway of the house, aud as the driver, iu his hurry, attempts to go through, he is crushed to death upon his box. At last the prisoner is taken away under a strong guard of mounted police. The crowd becomes quieter but larger every moment, and joyful tears greet the news which is brought from the palace that the Kaiser is in no immediate danger, although he has been struck by a number of shot in the cheek, neck and shoulder, and has suffered considerable loss of blood. The would-be murderer is named Carl E. Nobling, is 30 years old, and comes from an old and respectable German family. He has gained the degree of the Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leipzig, and is a man of considerable literary and scientific culture. He has written for leading agricultural reviews.

Fremont’s Ups and Downs.

There are few of any political faith who will not approve of the appointment of Gen. John C. Fremont to the Territorial Governorship of Arizona. His life has been unexampled in its great possibilities and its conspicuous failures. From an obscure army officer, with ill-directed love of adventure, he burst upon the country as a Presidential candidate, and lost tbe race by a nominal and always-disputed majority in Philadelphia, in October, 1856, and from the first leader of the Republican party, he .has long been forgotten in politics and entirely uufelt in the affairs of state. Once regarded as one of the first millionaires of the continent, he is now broken in fortune and owns no- part of this world’s surface but a grave. When war came he was hurried home from Paris to accept one of the most important commands in the Union, and in a few months he was degraded by those who had been his friends and his military career stamped with failure. He conceived the construction of a grand trans-conti-nental railway on the Southern line, commanded the favor of Congress and the confidence of Paris bankers, only to De swamped in irretrievable bankruptcy, denounced as a swindler and convicted of fraud in the criminal courts of France. With all his prominence in the political movements of the country his only experience in civil trust was a few days’ service as one of the first United States Senators from California. He has been jeered by political enemies as the statesman who never made a speech; the General who never fought a battle, and the millionaire who never had a dollar; but, with all his failures, Gen. Fremont has deserved well of the nation, for he has generously sowed where others have reaped, and in all the wrongs imputed to him he has been greatly more sinned against than sinning. His accomplished wife (Jessie Benton) has bravely struggled with him in all the sad mutations of fortune through which they have passed, and the education of their son has been accomplished by the fruits of her pen. They will well grace tne humble gubernatorial mansion of Arizona, and President Hayes will be thanked for the appointment by the very many who have grateful memories of 1856. Philadelphia Times.

C. SCHURZ.

Why the French Prosper.

The secret of the reserved wealth of the French—their elasticity after disaster—are their habits of economy, their excellence as cooks, their temperance and their family attachments. They are impulsive and violent, but their revolutions are like thunder-storms, useful to clear the atmosphere of bad elements, and generally followed by moderation under whatever regime. They are the paradox of nations. They live among themselves and upon strangers at the same time, ar d there is no other case in which a people gets so much money

“A Finn Adherence to Correct Principles.”

from other peoples and gives so little money in return. They, however, give music, plays, manners, books and costumes freely to others, but they remain the same. They are always individual. They imitate nobody except to make somebody ridiculous.— J. W. Forney, in the Philadelphia Press.

THE FOUR-PER-CENTS.

Treasury Department Circular. The Secretary of the Treasury has issued a circular calling attention to the 4 per cent, funded loan of the United States now offered by the department in denominations, for coupon bonds, of SSO, SIOO, SSOO, and SI,OOO, and for registered bonds of SSO, SIOO, SSOO, SI,OOO, $5,000, and SIO,OOO at par and accrued interest to date of subscription in coin. The bonds are redeemable July 1, 1907, and bear interest payable quarterly on the Ist of January, April, July, and October of each year, and are exempt from the payment of taxes or- duties to the United as well as from taxation in any form by or under State, municipal, or local authority. Upon full receipt of full payment, bonds will be transmitted free of charge to subscribers and a commission of one-fourth of 1 per cent, will be allowed upon the amount of subscription. Commissions will be paid by check only, and will not be applied in payment of subscriptions. All national banks are now invited to become financial agents of the Government and depositories of public moneys received on the sale of these, bonds upon complying with section 9; 153, Revised Statutes of the United States. All banks, bankers and persons are invited io aid in placing these bonds, and can make their arrangements through national banks for the deposit of the purchase money of the bonds. The proceeds of the sale of these bonds will, until further notice, be only used in redemption of 5-20 6-per-cent . bonds of the United States under the Refunding act. As soon as the 4-per-cent. bonds are paid for by the certificates of deposit fcf such public depositaries or otherwise, a call will issue maturing within twenty days for the redemption of 6-per-cent, bonds, and the money received for the 4-per-cent, bonds will remain on deposit until such call matures. Payment for the bonds may be made in coin, coin certificates, certificates of deposit of Government depositaries, call bonds, coupons maturing within thirty days, or in currency drafts on New York in favor of the Secretary of the Treasury, which will be received at coin value thereof at the National Bank of Commerce, New York. Any payment in excess will be returned with the commission. All coin and currency drafts on New York should be forwarded directly to the department by the subscribers or their agents.

Mr. Bryant’s Cowhide.

There are many stories told illustrative of Mr. Bryant’s strength and endurance, but orjy once did he use his powers as an athlete in a personal quarrel. A gentleman connected with the Commercial Advertiser, when Col. W. L. Stone was editor, told yesterday, with as much circumstantiality as the lapse of nearly or twice two score years would permit, of an encounter between the Colonel and Mr. Bryant. Col. Stone was an ardent Whig, while Mr. Bryant was a no-less-zealous Democrat. Their editorial disquisitions were correspondingly fierce and warlike, but Mr. Bryant uniformly preserved what he considered was due to professional courtesy, and never mentioned his antagonist except as editor of the Commercial Advertiser. Of all personalities, he considered men tioning an editor by name the most reprehensible.

One unlucky day Col. Stone so far forgot himself as to break the rule wliich he had heretofore observed, and referred to Mr. Bryant by name as the holder of the opinions he was contesting. The Commercial Advertiser, with the other newspapers at that time, had its office in Wall street, and, either in that thoroughfare or in William street, Mr. Bryant, who had provided himself with an old-fashioned cowhide, met Col. Stone. Few words passed between the editors, who were nearly equal in size, and Mr. Bryant laid on the cowhide with a will, until the passers by separated them. 11l feeling naturally followed the encounter. Col. Stone died a few years later. —New York Sun.

The Last Moments of a Philosopher. The following letter, descriptive of the last hours of William Ellery, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, who died at Newport, B. 1., in 1820, has never before been published. It was written by an intimate friend of the family, and has recently come to light. March 14, 1820.—01 d Mr. Ellery died like a philosopher. In truth, death in its common form never came near him. His strength wasted gradually for the last year, until he had not enough left to draw in his breath, and so he ceased to breathe. The day on which he died he got up as usual and dressed himself, took his old flag-bettomed chair, without arms, in which he had sat for more than half a century, and was reading “Tully’s Offices” in Latin, without glasses, though the print was as fine as that of the smallest pocket-Bible. Dr. W. stopped in on his way to the hospital, as he usually did, and, on perceiving that the old gentleman could scarcely raise his eyelids to look at him, he took his hand and found that his pulse was gone. After drinking a little wine and water, Dr. W. told him that his pulse beat stronger. “ Oh, jes, doctor, I have a charming pulse. But,” he continued, “it is idle to talk to me in this way. lam going off the stage, and it is a great blessing that I go free from sickness or pain or sorrow.” Some time after, his daughter, finding him becoming extremely weak, wished him to be put into bed, which he at first objected to, saying that he felt no pain, and there was no occasion for his going to bed. Presently after, however, fearing that he might possibly fall out of his chair, he told them they might set him upright in the bed, so that he could continue to read. They did so, ard he continued reading Cicero very quietly for some time. Presently they looked at him and found him dead, sitting in the same posture with the book under his chin, as a man who becomes drowsy and goes to sleep.

A Snake in the Eye.

There is a horse at Penn Yan, N. Y., with a snake under the leDs of one of its eye% The reptile is comfortably located in the watery humor of the left eye, is about three feet in length, perfectly formed, of a white color, and about the size of an ordinary darning needle. It is plainly visible, and is constantly on the move, wiggling and twisting in every direction. Its presence does not seem to annoy the horse in the least, and has evidently created no inflammation in or about the eye. It has, however, changed the color of the eye-ball, it being of a lighter shade than that of the right eye, and has affected the sight somewhat. The snake was first discovered about two months since, when it was much smaller than it is now. How it came in the horse’s eye is a question which puzzles scientists. The above is told by the Penn Yan Express. The snake may have been in the editor’s eye.

CONTRACTION YS. INFLATION.

Contraction Hurts Nine-Tenths, Inflation One-Tenth. Jesse Harper, of Illinois, writes as follows to the New York Advocate : The specie payment banking system is a great wrong. To grant the privilege to a few men to issue their promises, then cajl that stuff money, is a dreadful crime against labor, and has in some countries robbed from labor more bread than have piracy and war combined. The wicked part of this is, that these paper promises of the bankers, called money, and allowed to circulate as money, are all to be redeemed in a higher type of money— coin. This is their assumption. But this is not all. The rule of every banking system (®f issue) that has ever flourished has been to issue from $3 to $lO of paper to $1 of coin. So, when the system has been tested, it has' proved to be a sham, a fraud, a means of stealing by the forms of law. Still further. This system is more hurtful to the material interests of man than war. Because it establishes a “coin basis,” upon which it rears its superstructure of credit. A superstructure that falls on an average of every six years—and in its fall, each time, robs labor of seventy cents on each dollar of its hard-earned substance, and thus crowds down toward bankruptcy and ultimate pauperism 90 per cent, of the people. All this, in order to raise to opulence, to the “height of money despots,” 10 per cent, of the people—making them a ruling class by operation of law. This system was conceived in sin, and brought forth in iniqfiity. The banking system carries on its work of plunder by a process—the devilish engineering of which they understand as thoroughly as ever Satan knew the plans by which he accomplished his schemes of sin. This process is inflation and contraction. .And the more effectually to carry on this murderous business of making the rich man richer and the poor man poorer, they subsidize the press to their interest. They take whole administrations under their control, and convert to their own base use the head-centers of the church of God. And having filled up by these means “ their army of villains,” they go forward.

They first inflate, send the business of the country forward at a whirlwind speed, then “ issue ” bank credits, filling the channels of trade as thickly as do the falling leaves the autumn ground. “Credit" is their motto. Bank checks, bank notes, bank credit does 991 per cent, of the business, and coin a half of 1 per cent. Thus England for a century has pushed forward her scheme of robbery. We are trying to reach it in this country, so that our ruin will be complete. Now this going up, this inflation, does not hurt like the reverses—the downward road. For 90 per cent, of the labor masses, as money in volume is abundant, increase the aggregate wealth as rapidly and as happily to themselves as does the busy bee in the blooming flower time, increase the honey in the hive. But from this height of bliss—this mountain-top of joy, where there is work for all and all work,-the fall to “hard pan.” to an “honest basis,” is to be sudden as death, and cruel as the grave. Labor is to be told—by those who have been the authors of “ inflation ” —that the toilers have been too active; that their too close and intense application to work, their joyous, heroic following of the industrial pursuits has brought upon the country a great calamity, an over-production. The people are told when the politicians have reached this stage that there are so many shoes that the people must go barefooted, that there are so many clothes that the people must go naked ; and there is such an abundance of food that the people must starve. At this point it is discussed that the other wheel of the “ bankers’ warder mill” has been stealthily at work—“contraction.” This device—as slyly as the assassin dees his worL —has, with noiseless step, passed down through the ruined fortunes and dying hopes of 90 per cent, of the business, and reached “hard pan.” The truth begins to be realized, as it never has been realized before, that inflation is in the main a blessing when applied to the whole body politic, because more than 90 per cent, of the entire population become active in all the pursuits of productive industry, and only about 10 per cent, are disagreeably affected—and that only in the particular of getting a less amount of commodities for their money than they would have got if there had been no inflation. , While this is true as to the increase in the volume of the money, contraction of the volume is appalling in its results. The contraction of the currency has, and always must, work an appalling destruction—a ruin of labor, of all productive and industrial pursuits. Read this authority : The danger of an unduly increasing money is theoretical and fanciful. The mischief which practically threatens the world, and which has been the most prolific cause of the social, political aud industrial ills which have afflicted it, is that of a decreasing and deficient money. It is from such a deficiency that mankind are now suffering, and it is the actual and present evil with which we have to contend.— Silver Commission , p. 61.

Business Failures.

The Sherman crash is working up, up. First it shipwrecked the workingman. Now it spends its force on the men of business. But the rich man of fixed income is safe enough. Whatever he wants to buy he can have it at half price. He has lent on house or lands half their value, or less. He can now take the house or land, and send the owner adrift. But he won’t do it. He knows better than that. Here is a big example, and the little examples count by millions: Ben Wood, brother of Fernando, our Congressional tariff tinker, buys a house for $150,000, pays $50,000; balance on bond and mortgages; interest $7,000 a year; taxes SI,OOO or $2,000. Ben’s newspaper business falls off. He can’t pay those heavy, ever-recurring sums. He begs the former owner to take the house off his hands—Ben losing the $50,000 he has paid. No! the mortgagee has no notion of it. He will foreclose, buy in the property as cheap as he can, and hold Ben or his bond for the balance. It is done. The house Ben had bought for $150,000 now sells for $40,000. Ben loses his $50,000, and is held on his bond for $60,000 more. To escape from this

$1.50 Der Annum

NUMBER 20.

he takes refuge under the Bankrupt law, and even that law is about to be repealed, so that tae debtor will always be held to stagger under the debt, discouraged and kept down by it to the end of his life. The careless, selfish, stupid “business men” are now paying the heavy penalty of their public apathy. They saw that the country was going to ruin under the choking grasp of John Sherman and a frail Congre s—or, rather, they did not see it. They did not lift up their eyes to see it or to look around them at all. “ What is hops worth ? Is flour, sugar, hides, Jumper, coal, up or down this morning ?” That was their continuous thought. If on “ ’change,” they saw nothing but what was “ changing” there. If behind the counter attending customers, that counter and their wares and the customers were the whole world to them. Supine and submissive to all public wrong, they offered a big, ripe harvest to the reaper of Sherman, Shylock, Syndicate, Scoundrel Sc Company. That company had nothing to do but mow down the harvest and gather it in. And what has it come to now ? Financial wrecks ! failures, comprising $750,000, in New York city in the month just closed ; and 150 applications in bankruptcy in the same place and the same time. So events succeed each other. First, the millions es workingmen are thrown idle—thrown into a condition of suffering that never, never can be computed. Next, and from the same cause, crash come the business houses in one widening ruin—one falling firm pulling the other down, one burning house setting fire to the next one, and no end seen to either the “ falling ” or the “ fire.” —lrish World.

What Next?

As we are promised that the curtain shall soon fall upon the first act of the tragedy of “Specie Resumption,” carefully reproduced from the old English text, those who are too impatient to wait for the gradual development of the drama can readily anticipate the performance by simply referring to English history, which is conscientiously imitated by the playwright, stage managers, and scene-shifters of the centennial entertainment, to which we are invited. That history tells us that the laws of 1797, which commanded the Bank of England to suspend specie payment, provided for the continuance of the same until “six months after the conclusion of a general peace, and no longer.” This law, if not repealed, would have compelled tne horror of a premature socalled resumption early in 1812. But the cry of agony which followed the first preparatory incision of the knife paralyzed the action of the not-yet-calloused executioners; and the day, miscalled the day of redemption, was postponed to July 5, 1818, and again postponed to Feb. 1, 1820. The absurdity of the final enforcement is strikingly shown by reference to the pittance of specie in the Bank of England, which is quoted by Mr. Tooke, in his book “on prices," as being: October, 1817 £11,914.000 February, 1818 10,055,400 Aug. 31, 1818 6,363,160 Fob. 27, 1819 4,184 000 The same author gives the following table, approximating the movement of available currency: Bank of Bank Eng aiul Years. Notes. Discounts. Total. 1815 £46,272.650 £20,660 694 £69,933,344 1816 42,109,620 11,182,109 53,201,729 1817 43,294.9(0 6,507 392 48,802,292 1818 48,278 070 5,113,748 53,391,818 1819 40,928,428 6,421,402 47,249,880 1820 31,145,393 4,672,123 39,817,518 1821 30,727,630 2 722,587 33,550,247 1822 26,688,600 3,622,151 30,230,761 1823 27,395,544 5,624 698 33,021,242 1824 32,761 152 6.655,313 39,416,495 1825 41,049,298 7,691,464 48,741 762 With these figures at hand for reference, the reader can more intelligently study the annexed utterances of prominent witnesses of, and actors in the dreadful tragedies of those times. The “British Annual Register” for 1830, in a condensed statement of the arguments of Mathias Atwood aud Alexander Baring (afterwards Lord Palmerston), in Parliament, says: In 181 G the first effort was made to return to the gold currency, but the difficulty was to find the gold, for it had been taken to the continent during the wav, where it was at one time purchased at £5 12s. au ounce. In 1819 an act of Parliament was passed, by which the Bank of England was obliged to retire its notes in gold, valued at £3 17s. an ounce (on and after Feb. 1, 1820). We could not, however, get back the gold without altering and raising the value of the paper money which we gave in exchange for it, which was done by a great and rapid contraction of the currency. The consequence was that general ruin and unheard-of suffering were experienced by the productive and manufacturing classes throughout the empire, while the capitalists were proportionately enriched. We, i hen, in some'degree, retraced our steps. We expanded the currency and postponed the resumption of cash payments, and the prosperity of 1818 was the consequence. The intense suffering of 1820, ’2l and ’22, at .length forced a measure of relief from the Government, and which was effected by a prolongation in the last of these years, for ten years longer, of the right to issue notes below £5, then oti the point of expiring in terms of the act of 1819.

When the banks, by the act of 1822, were allowed to continue small notes in their issues, prosperity returned, in so much that in opening the session of 1825 the King told the Parliament the coun rv had never been so prosperous. At the close of that year the country was in a woful state of distress, occasioned by the contraction of currency by 413,500,000, between March and December, in consequence of the drain of gold which had set in from South America; and the crisis was only surmounted by the sudden issue of .£0,000,000 additional notes in the last of these months. In summarizing these events, Sir Archibald Alison, the historian, deduces the following important lessons: To make paper plentiful when gold is plentiful, and paper scarce when gold is scarce, is not only a dangerous system at all times, and under all circumstances, but is precisely the reverse of what should be established. It alternately aggravates the dangers arising from over-speculation, and the distress consequent on over-contraction. * ****** If gold can only be retained when exchanges become adverse, by strangling industry, starving the country, and so lowering the prices of ihe produce of every species of industry, the remedy is worse than the disease. Gold is a very good thing, and necessary for foreign use, but it is not worth purchasing by the ruin of the c juntry. —New York Advocate.

Belligerent Swallows.

A most singular affair recently happened near Lynchburg, Ya. While Col. A. H. Fulkerson was riding over his farm he was attacked by about 100 swallows, who assailed him with great chattering and pecked away lustily at his face and clothing. He was at first amused at the puny assaults, but the wounds which they soon inflicted upon his face and neck convinced him that he had nothing to laugh at, and he barely escaped with his life. It is feared that he will lose the sight of both eyes. Mbs. Hates and Secretary Thompson’s wife will spend thfj summer at the White mountains.

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MYSTERIOUS MURDER.

A House with a Strange History, [From the Chicago Times.] A few days ago the house described as No. 31 Bond street, New York, was offered for sale at auction for the purpose of foreclosing a mortgage. For more than twenty years the house has been a terror to timid people. . Many who had occasion to go along Bond street crossed over and “ passed by on the other side.” Some said the buildiug was haunted, while others allirmed that there were stains of blood on the walls of one of the rooms that could not be washed oil. It was several times advertised for rent but the applicants for it were few. They were generally strangers who broke off their negotiations as soon as they learned the history of the house. Even the adjoining tenements were not regarded as very desirable residences. Still the house was a very substantial and commodious one, and cost, when New York property was comparatively cheap, $25,000. It was the house in which Dr. Harvey Bnrdell was murdered on the night of the 30th of January, 1857. The sale of the house serves to recall that tragic event and the notable trial which followed it. The house belonged to Dr. Burdell, who occupied the rooms on the parlor floor as offices and livingrooms. The remainder of the building was leased to Mrs. Ellen Augusta Cunningham, who used it for a boardinghouse for gentlemen. The woman had two pretty daughters, both unmarried. Among her boarders were John J. Eckel and George Y. Snodgrass, the former a favorite of hers, and the latter a friend of the daughters. The murder took place in Dr. Burdell’s private apartment and was committed by means of a stiletto. The discovery was made the next morning by the office boy. Upon the body there were about twenty wounds; there were evidences of a long and fierce struggle. The furniture iu the room was out of place and some pieces broken. The carpet and walls were stained with blood. There was also the mark of a bloody hand on the wall. The rooms immediately above that in which the murder was committed were occupied by the family of Mrs. Cunningham, but they professed to • have heard no outcry or other noise.

The mnrdcr created great excitement, not only iu New York, but, throughout the country. A Coroner's jury found a verdict against Mrs. Cunningham and Eckel as principals and the daughters as accessories, while nearly all the inmates of the house were suspected of complicity. The tiial which followed was long and searching. Almost for the first time in this country scientific testimony was taken. The blood in the room was examined with a microscope by Prof. Doremus and compared with that taken from the body of the murdered man. His eyes were removed for the purpose of discovering traces of the form of the murderer on the retina. The evidence, though strong, was only circumstantial. It was shown that an unlawful intimacy had existed between landlord and tenant, and that they had repeatedly quarreled. Public interest in the trial was greatly increased by two acts of the latter. She endeavored to prove that she was married to Dr. Burdell. She also professed to have given birth to a child of which the murdered man was the father. As wife she claimed dower iu the estate, while the child, “ by its next friend,” claimed to be heir to the property. Much sympathy was excited by the appearance of the child. The criminal trial ended iu the acquittal of the parties indicted. Mrs. Cunningham was less fortunate in the Probate Court. Her marriage certificate showed that she was united to Dr. Burdell, but the minister who issued it did not recognize him as the contracting party. The child was shown to be a “bogus” one obtained from a work-house, to which it was afterward sent. Though the indicted parties escaped with their lives they lost their reputation. Mrs. Cunningham and her daughters went to California, and lived in the mining region there for some years. Eckel was convicted of forgery ami sent to the penitentiary, where lie died. Twelve years after the murder a man named John Jefferds confessed to the kiilingof Dr. Burdell. He had killed his stepfather, Mr. Walton, a distiller, and a Mr. Matthews, who sought to arrest him. Jefferds made his escape, but was arrested at the end of two years. The detective who was working up the case formed an intimacy with him, got him drunk, and procured his confession of the murder of Walton, Matthews, and Burdell. Ho stated that he killed the latter at the instigation of Mrs. Cunningham, wlio was intimate with his step-mother, and for whom he had a passion. Jefferds was sent to jail to await execution for the murder of Matthews, and while there became engaged in a quarrel with a fel-low-prisoner, and was killed. Many credited this story of the murder of Dr. Burdell, while others placed no confidence in it. It is not likely that the mystery connected with the murder will ever be entirely cleared up. The adage, “murder will out,” has come down through centuries, but every year its falsity is shown.

An Heiress’ Degradation.

In the Municipal Court to-day, Josephine Frail, who has a comely intelligent face, but possessing no other accompaniment of respectability, was arraigned for drunkenness. “Josephine Frail ” is not her name, it is merely an alias to hide her shame from friends and relatives, who occupy a proud position in the most influential and cultured circles in New York city. From her own statements, which are abundantly confirmed by competent and trustworthy testimony, there appears to be no question that “Josephine Frail” is the daughter of ex-Mayor Wm. F. Havemyer, of New York city, and, therefore, heiress to a portion of the handsome pioperty left by this gentleman at the time of his death, only a few months ago. What induced her to leave a home where she had everything in the world necessary to make her comfortable and happy, where she could have remained an honored and respected woman, surrounded by kind friends and loving relatives, is a mystery which she utterly refuses to explain. It is known, however, that she has led a very dissipated and degraded life for the last three or four years, and descended very far down on the broad road to ruin. It is really one of the saddest cases of “fallen human nature” which the old dock, so familiar with human wrecks as it is, too, has contained for years. Josephine was fined $3 and costs, but, notwithstanding she is heir to thousands, she was unable to pay the fine, and is now in the House of Correction. —Boston Herald. There is something inexpressibly sad about the music of a church-organ—-while the collection is being taken up.