Democratic Sentinel, Volume 1, Number 21, Rensselaer, Jasper County, 6 July 1877 — Page 1

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NEWS OF THE WEEK.

THE WAK IN THE EAST The English Government formally disapproves of Itiissia’a intentions toward Turkey, and declares that in no event will England ]»ermit Jiussia to occupy Constantinople, even temporarily. The Russians made an attempt to cross the Danube at Rustchuk, on the 25th of June. A sharp engagement followed, in which the Turkish gunboats took an active part. The Turks claim to have defeated the Russians with heavy losh in a twelve hours’ engagement at Delibaba pass. They also claim a vie-’ lory in a sharp engagement before Batotim. A Constantinople dispatch announces the capitulation Of the Russians at Bayazid. If these reports are tine, the tide of Success has evidently turned in favor of the Turks in Asia Minor. But then these MussulmanHiireawfullygiven to lying. A Bucharest dispatch says: “The Russian corps now entering the Dobrudscha is ordered to advance as quickly as possible up to the line of tho Csscrnavoda and Kustcndje railway. After their arrival the right wing of the center army will force a passage higher- up the stream,” Tho Czar and the Grand Duke Alexis have been reconciled after a long disagreement, and the latter has been promoted from a Major to a General.

In the Chamber of Deputies, on (he 25th of June, M. Grevy, the President, read a decree formally dissolving the Chamber, and intimating that the elections would be held after an interval of two months. Detailed accounts of tho terrible bombard Hiont of Rustchuk by the Russian batteries at Giurgovo are furnished by cable : “The terribly effective character of tho Russian tire can scarcely be described. The gunners seem to 1/We directed every shot at Rustchuk without Vegard to the buildings liable to lie injured. Shell after shell came crashing through the roofs of tho houses, and burying themselves in the floors, where they exploded, demolishing the walls. The mosques seemed to ho selected as particular targets at times, for two, three, and often more shells would fall on and around them, tearing pinnacle and dome with fearful effect. Not even tho hospitals were spared by this awful rain of shells, and their inmates in many cases were killed in their bods. Tho unfortunate inhabitants of Rustchuk suffered terribly during tho bombardment. Hid away in deep recesses or sheltered behind thick walls, the Russian shells found and destroyed them. As they darted through the streets toward places of greater security, their bodies were scattered in fragments by the explosion of these terrible missiles. Women flying from 1 Heir burning or ruined homos were killed as J bey ran. Little children clasped ill the arm* of their terrified parents were struck' dead by the .fatal fragments. The scene was one of unqualified horror throughout.” Tho Russan cavalry are spreading over the interior of the Dobrudscha, but the infantry follows [slowly. The Porte has telegraphed to its representatives abroad a note bogging the Cabinets to take cognizance of tho destruction with explosives of four Ottoman merchant vessels by (lie Russians, which is denounced as contrary to the rules of international law. The Czar has ordered another army corps from thorintorior to the Lower Danube. The long-expected crossing of the Danube by the Center of the Russian army occurred on the 28til and 2!)th of June, at or near Sistoya, about midway between Rustchuk and Nicopolis, the Commandor-iu-Chicf taking immediate charge of the movement. The crossing was effected with little or no opposition, the Turks seemingly having made up their minds that the passage would' be mado at some other point. Tho Czar issued a proclamation to the people of Bulgaria, announcing the prcselico of his army among them to do battle in their behalf, and guaran teeing protection and good government as tho immediate result of tho Russian occupation. The forces in the Dubrudsclia aro advancing rapidly to the southward, and tho formation of a uxiliary battalions among tho Bulgarian" Christians has already bugun. Tho terrible torpedo continues its work of destruction in tho hands of the daring Bus-t-iaiis. The latest exploit in this line was the destruction of three richly-laden Turkish merchanf ships in the harbor of Heradea, outlie southwestern shore of the Black sea’. A dispatch from Rustchuk, dated Juno 30, says : “The bombardment of Rustchuk still continues. The town is rapidly becoming untenable, although the southern defenses of the place aro intact and the. railroad in a fair condition. Tho foreign Consuls, tho hospital staffs and the ambulauco corps have removed to Varna. This indicates the abandonment of the line of the Danube by tho Turks, and their retreat to that of tho Balkans. Russian forces at Hirsova are reported to be marching on Pilistria, and are said to bo within forty kilometres of that fortress. The Turks aro apparently concentrating their troops in tho principal forts, where they will soon -be attacked. The Russians attempted to cross tho river at Nicopolis in fifty lighters. Ten of the lighters wore sunk by shells, and the attempt failed. The slaughter was frightful.”

GENERAL HOREIFN NEWS.

The people of the burned city of St. John are clearing away the rubbish and beginning to rebuild. The French elections will tako place on the 11th of October. M. Thiers has been asked to stand for seventeen districts hitherto represented by Bonapartists or Monarchists. Bradlaugh, the well-known English Radical, and Mrs. Annie Besant have been severally sentenced to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of SI,OOO for publishing a book “degrading to public morals.” A potato field at Mulhcim, Germany, on which a single Colorado beetle made his appearance, was recently covered with petroleum and tan-bark and set on tire, the Government indemnifying the proprietor. The British grain markets arc reported firm, with an advancing tendency. It is announced that Richard Wagner, the celebrated musical composer, will at an early day visit this country, and make a grand music al'tour throughout the United States.

DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.

Gast. Nearly the entire business portion of Marblehead, Mass., has been swopt away by fire Over seventy buildings were burned. The loss is estimated at over $500,000. Alexander Campbell, one of the recentlyhanged Mollie Maguires, had the largest funeral ever witnessed in the coal regions. Campbell was a leading spirit among the Mollies. The President’s visit to Boston, last week, was the occasion of a holiday in the city, nearly Ihe entire population turning out to honor the Chief Magistrate. There was a grand review of the State militia, an immense procession, a banquet, speech-making, and a happy time generally,

JAS. W. McEWEN, Editor.

VOLUME I.

'Columbia was beaten easily by Harvard, iu tho college boat race at Springfield. Mass. The President was present at the Harvard College commencement exercises, last week; had the degree of LL. D conferred upon him, was banqueted in the evening, and made a short speech to the collegians. A chapter of accidents: Four miners were killed at Huhhcx, N. J., the other day, by being precipitated into a mine, caused by the breaking of the rope while being drawn up.—Four men, named Covert, Fetter, Dunkellxrg and Eichelbergcr,'fishing from a boat fastened to a dam in the Susquehanna river, near Clark’s Ferry, Pa., were swept over the dam, and all except Eichclborger were drowned.--Charles Sims. John Colston; and Henry Seaman were killed in Brooklyn, N. Y., by the fall of a sugar pan which was being hoisted into Ackurhausen A Schafer’s refinery.—The house of Mr. "La treble, of Kochestervillc, Ontario, was burned, and his son, aged 11, perished in the flames. Mrs. Latrcille and her mother were fatally burned. Nathan L. Lanheiin. a banker, of Great Bend, Pa., has been sentenced to four years in the State penitentiary for perjury. Public faith in the stability of insurance companies has been severely shaken by the revelations of the Charter Oak Life Insurance Company, hitherto regarded as one of the soundest institutions in the country. A committee of tho Connecticut Legislature has just reported to the State Insurance Commissioner that there is an actual deficit in the assets of the Charter Oak of $2,220,000, and that there aro questionable assets of over $1,735,000. By the explosion of an excursion steamer on Silver lake, near Plymouth, Mass., a few days ago, eighteen persons" were badly scalded, several of whom, it is thought, cannot recover. A strike of all the compositors in the New York Tribune oftice occurred a few nights since. They claim that they-cannot earn a livelihood under the terms and conditions demanded by the proprietors, namely ; The reduction of the price of composition to 40 cents per 1,000 ems for night and 33 cents for day composition ; the disallowance of double price for tabular matter, and compensation while waiting lor copy in the small hours of the morning ; and compelling of compositors to work by the piece or time, at the discretion of the foreman. West. The storm which passed over the West on the 25th of June was the most wide-spread in area and destructive in effects of any similar visitation ever experienced in that latitude. The wind blew a hurricane and the rain fell in torrents for liouis. The damage to crops is beyond calculation. Fortunately there is little or no loss of life to report. Another stage-coach robbery is reported from the Black Hills. Near Cheyenne river five masked men stopped the mail coach, relieved llio pafM-ongorrt of $2,000, f)lcW opeil tllO il’Oll treasure-box and carried off its contents. Some shots were exchanged, and the driver of the stage was slightly wounded. | News from Idaho seems to define the position of tho Indians as similar to that of the Modocs when they got into the lava-beds. The Noz Forces, at last accounts, were - strongly posted on the Salmon river, and, from the nature of tho country, they can offer a long and bloody resistance to any number of troops brought against them. They seem to have abandoned their raids, and are patiently awaiting a fight. The town of Shelbyville, Ind., has been the scene of a most distressing tragedy. A German named Webber, while temporarily insane, stabbed bis little daughter, aged 6 years, with a pair of scissors, indicting a fatal wound, and then ended his own miserable existence by plunging into the river and dfowning himself. A shocking accident occurred in tho suburbs of Hannibal, Mo., a few days since. Mr. Geo. L. Crosby, accompanied by his wife, little daughter Mollie, aged 9, and little son Roy, aged 5 years, was driving in a buggy across a swollen stream, when the bridge gave way, precipitating the vehicle and its inmates into tho raging torrent. Before assistance could reach them the entire family wore drowned. Those pestiferous Nez Forces Indians, who have been kicking up such a row in Idaho, aro now threatening to clean out the settlers in the Bitter Root valley, in Western Montana. The latter have appealed to the Governor for assistance. Advices from the scene of the Indian troubles in Idaho Territory state that Gen. Howard, with a detachment of troops, had made a reconnoissanco to the scene of Col. Terry's late battle with the Indians, and found and buried twenty-seven of the dead soldiers, which leaves six bodies yet to be found. Those buried were in such an advanced stage of decomposition as to be unrecognizable. All arms and equipments were taken by the Indians. Most of the bodies were scalped. The murders thus far ascertained are one woman, two children and fifteen men, in addition to thirty-three soldiers of Col. Perry’s command killed and missing in the late fight. The details of tho murders are horrible in the extreme. V Woutn, L. Cass Carpenter, United States Revenue Collector at'Columbia, S. C., has been arrested in a charge of “raising” Treasury warrants.

WASHINGTON NOTES.

President Hayes, accompanied by Secretaries Evarts, bchurz and Dovens, loft Washington on June 26, for a brief trip to New England. The President has tendered the Haytien mission to John M. Langston, the Ohio colored lawyer. The President has appointed Gen. G. W. Leduc, of Minnesota, Commissioner of Agriculture. A new scheme for the prevention of outrages on the Mexican border has been matured, and is to be pressed upon the administration. The plan is to create a mixed commission, which shall have jurisdiction of predatory offenses committed within fifty miles of the Rio Grande.

POLITICAL POINTS.

A circular has been issued by the Secretary of the Navy, commanding that laborers shall be employed in the navy-yards, by the proper officers, in charge, with reference to their skill and efficiency alone, and without regard to political or personal considerations. Workmou are not to be roquired to contribute money for political purposes, nor discharged on account of their political opinions. A resolution has been introduced in the New Hampshire House of Representatives indorsing the President’s policy, and by a strict party vote referred to a committee. The lowa Republican Convention met at Des Moines on the 27th of June, and nominated John H. Gear for Governor and Frank L. Campbell for Lieutenant Governor. The resolutions declare that “the permanent pacification of the southern sections of the Union, and the complete protection of all citizens in the free enjoyment of all their rights, is a duty to which the Republican party stands sacredly pledged ; favors the “ early attainment of a currency convertible into coin the “ gradual resumption of specie payments by continuous and steady step ß in that direction;’

The Democratic sentinel.

the making of silver a legal tender for the payment of all debts, and “ a wisely-adjusted tariff for revenue.” The introduction of a resolution declaring that “tlie so-called ‘Southern policy,' which has been inaugurated and pursued by the present national administration is in accord with the principles of the Republican party,” was received amid general tumult. The resolution was laid on the table by a large majority. A resolution was adoptod in favor of the rigid enforcement of the present lowa prohibitory liquor law. A Washington dispatch states that “ the roll of the next House, made up by Clerk Adams, shows a Democratic majority of sixteen, with seven districts to hear from. He will probably recognize the Democrats in Florida and Louisiana.” Lieut. Gov. Dorsheimer writes to the New York Sun to say that it is within his own knowledge that Gov. Tildcn was opposed to the measure by which the Electoral Commission was created.

MISCELLANEOUS GLEANINGS.

The officer commanding the United States forces in Utah has been notified that, while the War Department does not share" in his appre hensions of disturbances in that Territory, it is thought proper to provide against the possibility of trouble by materially strengthening the garrisons already established. Troops will also he stationed at other points if ft appears to be necessary. Robert Dale Owen, the eminent author and Spiritualist, is dead. Ex-Gov. Samuel J. Tildcn is “ booked ” for a European tour, The Centennial managers have paid up in full the $1,500,000 loaned them by the Government. The investigation by the Agricultural Bureau into the losses of sheep during the past year shows that artotal of nearly 3,000,000 sheep and lambs were destroyed by dogs and wolves and various diseases, and of the aggregate money value of nearly $8,000,000. The average percentage of loss was nearly 8. The proportion is the highest respectively in North Carolina, Florida and Louisiana, and ranges from 17 per cent, in the former State to 3 7-10 in Nebraska. The rate is highest in the South, and lowest in States having dog laws

It seems, according to a newspaper writer, that lager beer was introduced into the United States only thirty years ago. That was about the time tlie great German immigration was beginning, and our Teutonic friends brought along with them their god Gambrinus, and certainly he lias been a welcome guest. The history of beer carries us back to the old Egyptians, who are said to lmvc invented it, as they did many other things. 'They were a remarkable people, and doubtless Moses learned much from them. Our modem beer, however, dates back only to tlie time of Charlemagne, when hops were first cultivated in Europe. The monks were the brewers of the Middle Ages, as they also were the great agriculturists, and they kept the secret of its manufacture for a long period, enjoying the exclusive privilege of concocting a liquor which has uow become -a favorite drink of the civilized world, and out of whose brewing vast fortunes have been made, so that in England the brewers stand next to the aristocracy in social consequence, with abundant wealth to sustain the position. As early as the fourteenth century Bavaria was celebrated for its beer, and now it makes an article of a quality not excelled in Germany. A century 1 later Saxon breweries became well known, lmt the English—next to the Germans, and, of late, ourselves, the great beer drinkers—did not begin to manufacture the beverage until later. In 1524, however, they were making beer from [hops. The trouble with the English bieer is that it is too heavy and too heady, and therefore a recent temperance advocate in England urges the popularization of the German lager, a much lighter and more innocent potation. So important is beer brewing in Gerjnany that there has been established at Nuremberg a school of brewers where all the mysteries of the art are taught, and it is a very useful institution, more useful in fact than some more pretentious colleges; for good brewers, like good cooks, are a blessing to the race, and though it may be necessary that they should be born and not made, yet nothing commendable is done except after training. —New York Sun.

American Commerce for Ten Months.

The report of the Bureau of Statistics for the first ten months of the fiscal year is an encouraging one. A comparison for the whole time with the corresponding period of 1876 does not exhibit any improvement, but this can be plainly discerned in the imports for the month of April. Their total value was $12,670,411, against $36,156,52(5 for the same month last year. When viewed for the ten months, the decline is seen to have continued for most of the time; the figures are $357,592,545 of merchandise imports in 1877, against $389,069,848. The domestic exports for April, 1877, were $47,780,775, or more than $1,000,000 better than those of April, 1876, $46,704,668. For the ten months, the domestic exports were valued (gold values) at $503,733,353, against $439,915,269 for the corresponding months of the fiscal year 1876—an increase of $63,818,084. The heaviest increase in imports was in sugar, of which $12,000,000 more in value was imported; the imports of teas and coffees fell off $11,000,000. The exports of com increased $10,000,000, while those of cotton fell away $21,000,000. There was a great enhancement in the value of petroleum exports, which rose from $24,300,000 to $46,000,000. Bacon and ham exports increased $lO,000,000; lard, $5,000,000; and leaf tobacco, $8,000,000.

In the great valley betyveen the North and South mountains, in Pennsylvania, commonly called the Eastern ridge, a well was, dug some years since in Franklin, and another in Cumberland county, thirty or forty miles from the former, which led to a discovery affording a subject for interesting speculation. After proceeding in each instance to a depth of abo.ut thirty-six feet, the bottom of these wells gave way (but fortunately when the workmen had retired) and a torrent of water rushed up. A lead was sunk with fifty fathoms of line without finding the least obstruction. They remain at this time untouched and of unknown depth. The presumption is, there is a subterranean lake in that quarter, and how far it extends under the base of the vast primitive mountains, situated between the Susquehanna and Pittsburgh, will never be ascertained, unless by some terrible convulsion of nature they should be precipitated in the tremendous abyss.

RENSSELAER, JASPER COUNTY, INDIANA, FRIDAY, JULY G, 1877.

Lager Beer.

A Natural Curiosity.

“A Firm Adherence to Correct Principles A

A DOOMED CITY.

Vivid Description of the Bombardment of Rustchuk—Death in the Streets and Behind the Batteries— Flight of the Terrified Inhabitants. [Rustchuk Cor. New York Herald.] Suddenly from oue of tlie Russian batteries a flash was seen in the center of a globe of grayish white smoke, and a shell sped screaming over Rustchuk to explode on the slope of the hill crowned by Fort Hanamdji. It was the signal for the bombardment. Immediately after it seemed as if every Russian gun was fired simultaneously, for the earth fairly trembled with the roar of the artillery and the shells flew over tlie doomed city with an awful and indescribable sound. Although the Roumanian shore above, below, and in front of Giurgevo was entirely obscured by the smoke from the Russian guns the Turkish batteries promptly opened an answering tire, and soon nothing could be seen on the river banks but dense rolling volumes of smoke, through which, almost every two seconds, flashes would dart like lightning through storm clouds. Boom, boom, went the Turkish gnus, with an uninterrupted regularity, although the Russian shells were falling in and around the works with a fatal precision.

This extraordinary artillery duel was maintained at a range of not more than 3,000 yards. The guns on both sides being heavy pieces, the fire was direct and the trajectory of the missiles very flat. Consequently every object liit in Rustchuk was rent and tom by penetration or demolished by the explosion that followed. The effects of the Turkish fire could only be observed at intervals, when the smoke would elear a little ; but it is evident that considerable damage was inflicted on the Russian batteries. The terribly effective character of the Russian fire can scarcely be described. The gunners seem to have directed every shot at Rustchuk without regard to the buildings liable to be injured. Shell after shell came crashing through the roofs of the houses and burying themselves in the floors, where they exploded, demolishing the walls. The mosques seemed to be selected as particular targets at times, for two, three and often more shells would fall on and around them, tearing pinnacle and dome with fearful effect. Not even the hospitals were spared by this awful rain of shells. Several of these buildings happened to be quite exposed, and, although surmounted by flags indicating their character, they were involved iu the storm and their inmates in many cases were killed in their beds. This lias caused the utmost indignation among the Turks, and the authorities have requested tlie foreign Consuls to testify to the occurrence, so that the Porte may make a formal protest against what it deems to be uncivilized warfare. Although the flags of England and other European powers were displayed over their respective consulates, the Russian fire did not spare these buildings. The guns were aimed at Rustchuk and everything animate and inanimate within its limits. Shells have no neutrality and do not discriminate between consulates, mosques and hospitals. The unfortunate inhabitants of Rustchuk suffered terribly during the bombardment. Hid away in deep recesses, or sheltered behind thick walls, the Russian shells found and destroyed them. As they darted through the streets toward places of greater security their bodies were scattered in fragments by the explosion of these terrible missiles. Women flying from their burning or ruined homes were killed as they ran. Little children, clasped in the arms of their terrified parents, were struck dead by the fatal fragments. The scene was one. of unqualified horror throughout. Such of the people as could muster up courage to fly from their nooks of shelter have hurried away to the interior. The ruin of the town is almost complete, but the fortilications are practically intact tnd not much damaged.

A Russian Dare-Devil.

Among the officers on the Grand Duke’s staff is a tall, handsome man, with a lithe, slender, active figure, a clear blue eye, a large, prominent, well-shaped nose, and a face young enough for a Second Lieutenant. It is Skobeleff, the youngest General in the Kussian army, the conqueror of Kliokand. He has the reputation, even among the Russians, of being a madman who would fling away his own life and those of his troops without the slightest regal’d for consequences. During the war which resulted in the conquest of Kliokand, a Russian detachment of 800 men, wtth 400 Cossacks, was compelled to retreat before a superior force of the enemy. Gen. Trotscky decided upon a night attack, and confided his plan to Col. Skobeleff, then his Chief of Staff. The latter entered into the idea with great enthusiasm, and proposed to lead the attacking column himself, and to take only 150 Cossacks. Skobeleff, having reconnoitered the ground, perceived that the Khokandians had encamped within a mile and a half of the Russians in an open plain, which gave every facility for the maneuvering of cavalry. At mi<..night he took his 150 Cossacks, divided them into three patties, and cautiously surrounded the enemy’s camp. The party led by Skobeleff himself managed to pass the enemy’s outposts, who were sound asleep. Then he gave the signal for the attack by firing his pistol, and, followed by 150 Cossacks, he rode headlong into the enemy’s camp of 6,000 or 7,000 men, shouting and yelling like fiends, and cutting down everything in their passage. For a quarter of an hour the plain resounded with shrieks and yells, shots, the trampling of horses, shouts and groans, and all the uproar of battle. Then all was silence. Skobeleff assembled his Cossacks, and when morning came he found that the whole army of the enemy, 6,000 or 7,000 men, had disappeared, leaving on the field about forty dead, 2,000 or 3,000 muskets and sabers, all their camp material, and baggage. But what was his astonishment on calling the roll to discover that he had not lost a man either killed or wounded. Mr. MacGahan. who first met him on the banks of the Oxus, relates this exploit to show how much method there is in this dare-devil’s madness. *

Better Off Than Germany.

The United States Consul at one of the leading industrial centers in the German empire is now in Washington. He says that he is surprised to find that the business, depression of the United States is not near as - great as in Germany. The information obtained from the newspapers before coming home led him to expect that he would find a much more deplorable condition of things here than abroad. He finds instead that

business in the United States is in a prosperous condition in comparison with the German empire. The effects of the commercial crisis there have been prolonged and aggravated, he saySj by tlie uncertainty of the political situation. It is feared that the Russo-Tnrkish war may involve other countries than those now engaged, and the excitement in France leads to renewed, apprehensions of a conflict between that country and Germany. There seems to be no immediate prospect of an improvement in business interests.

COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY.

The exportation of ship-building timber from Canada for European yards is on the increase. The advantages of the war in Europe to the business men of tlie United States have thus far been exactly nothing. It may be doubted whether the results are even as favorable as that. The beautiful specimens of American furniture, watches, musical instruments, cloths, tools and hangings, which are being exported in such large quantity now, seem to be producing the impression abroad that tlie Americans are really a civilized people. The merchant marine of tlie United States, according to the report of the Bureau of Statistics, just issued, has decreased during the twelvemonth from a total tonnage of 4,853,792 to 4,279,458. The tonnage of Great Britain for the year covering half the same period has increased from 5,864,588 to 5,891,691. Minneapolis handled 5,250,000 bushels of wheat the past year, but sent abroad only 48,000 bushels of the grain. The rest of it came down to the seacoast in the form of ban-els of flour. Minneapolis was accordingly $3,000,000 the richer for having manufactured her raw material instead of having exported it direct. One great need of this country, says the New York Tribune , is skilled labor. That sort of labor is snapped up everywhere and is in good demand. Men out of work now owe the fact in nine cases out of ten to their own inefficiency and clumsiness. It is an important subject for idle workingmen to consider, whether the present apprentice system of this country, which stands iu the way of the training up of skilled workmen, does not need reforming. The annual report of the business of the Michigan Central Railroad Company for the year ending May 31, is not very comforting to the shareholders. The gross earnings were $6,483,000, and the operating expenses $4,439,000, leaving as net earnings $2 ;044,000. Out of this has been paid for taxes, $267,000, and for interest and rentals, $1,650,000, leaving applicable to dividends on a share capital of $19,000,000 only $127,000, or about three-quarters of 1 per cent. The commerce of 1876-7 has, says an Eastern contemporary, brought great blessings to the American people. It has been large and profitable, ,h»8 made things easier here than in almost any other large country iu the world, and, better than all, has latterly turned the minds of the people away from politics to more healthful topics. The balance of trade is $210,000,000 in merchandise in our favor this year, an increase of about $50,000,000 over tlie preceding year. The increase is due to the larger exports. Raw cotton fell off $20,000,000, and wheat fell off $12,000,000; but manufactures, provisions, corn, tobacco, and oil were sold to foreign customers in quantities which immensely overcame the deficiency. The year ends with several new and important lines of export trade developed, with genuine hope and confidence on the part of manufacturers, farmers, and miners. The fact that J imports are again increasing shows great purchasing power also among the ! people. The country may congratulate itself on the lisppy results of thecommercial year.

A Texas Tragedy.

Emberry Cannon and his two sons went on a spree in Rockwell, Texas, and made so much trouble that Sheriff Starks decided to arrest them. The drunkards resisted, and were savagely whipping the Sheriff when he shot and killed one of the sons. This happened three years ago. Cannon declared that he would retaliate for the death of his son, and he offered several desperadoes the job, at good pay, of killing Starks. These efforts to hire a murderer were heard of by Starks, and he advertised his farm for sale, intending to move to a safer part of the country. Last September George W. Garner, a fugitive from Texas, but a stranger in Rockwell, called on Starks and proposed to buy the farm. He asked to be shown the premises. Mrs. Starks noticed that Garner carried a revolver, and she warned her husband not to accompany him. Her fear was well-ground-ed. Gamer was under engagement to assassinate Starks, and Cannon had agreed to pay $625 for the deed. Starks was found dead, with several bullet holes in his head. Gamer and Cannon were convicted of murder, a few weeks ago. On the day before the one appointed for the execution, Gamer and his wife, who had been admitted to his cell, were discovered dead. The woman had gone in with her mouth full of morphine, with which they had poisoned themselves. Thus over 4,000 persons, £dio gathered to see the execution, were disappointed.

The Biggest Farm in the World.

During the night we passed through the property of Messrs. Muller & Lux, the most extensive real-estate owners in the valley. Here is a farm seventy-three miles in length by twenty in width. If a poor man owned 160 acres of it, it would be worth nothing to him, as part of it is swamp land about Lake Tulare which he could not drain, and part of it is a desert sand, which he could not irrigate. But to these capitalists it is valuable, because they can cause the two unproductive parts to fructify each other by means of canals. At present, while engaged in this enterprise, they content themselves with raising a few thousand acres of alfalfa, and with the pasturage of their 85,000 head of cattle and 40,000 sheep. One single straight fence on this property is seventy-three miles long. Now, this has the appearance of “gobbling up land.” But when the small number of inhabitants and the vast area of territory in the State are considered, and especially when the result of this speculation is inevitably division after improvement, preparatory to cultivation, it will be seen that the gobbling is for the general good. Consulting the early history of New York and New England, find that the territory was ceded by the crown in patents to a few individuals. Property there has been divided and subdivided, until 100 acres is considered to be a large farm. So in the future it will be here. —California Cor. JS y ew York Evening Post.

MARY MASTERSON.

I The Story of Her Long and Weary Trip lo St. Louis. [From the Philadelphia Times.] \ Detective Umstead has returned to j this city from St. Louis, having in charge the little girl Mary Masterson and her abdnetor, the woman Fannie Brown, alias Pelee, alias Pollard. It will be remembered that tlie little girl was stolen from her home on Charles street, on the 11th of April last. Nothing was known of their whereabouts until about a week ago, when a dispatch from Chief of Police McDonough, of St. Louis, informed the Chief of Police of this city that he had the woman and child in custody. The kidnapping woman had a hearing before Alderman Carpenter. She is about 60 years old and her features are weazened. During the hearing this Madame Frochard kept her eyes closed, except when some particular point in the evidence was given, Ann White, k the grandmother of the child, testified to the abduction, the particulars of which have been published. Tlie little girl, a bright, d rk-eyed, intelligent child, then gave her testimony in a clear and distinct manner. She said that she met tlie prisoner after leaving school, who gave her pennies and candy, and induced her to get into a street car with her. The first night they stopped iu the city, and next morning wont to Annapolis, thence to Washington, where the prisoner said she had n brother living. Mrs. Brown forced the witness to beg in the streets, sleeping in the sonp house at night. After two or three days they went to Baltimore and slept at the station house. They begged every day, testified little Mary, the old woman whipping her when she refused to ask for money. They stayed in Baltimore one week, and then a kind gentleman gave them a pass to Indianapolis. On the way the conductor gave them food. From Indianapolis they went to St. Louis, traveling on foot part of the time and getting passes over the railroad the rest. The child said she was treated kindly by the farmers and others on the way, but that on many occasions the old woman would whip her. On reaching St. Louis they stopped with the Sisters of Charity, who gave them supper and lodging every night. While it was light the child was forced to beg, and told to say that her name was Mamie Brown, and, if asked, that her father was death The old woman had told her that her grandmother and father were no more. Patrick Masterson. the little one’s father, gave his testimony, which was not material to the case. Detective Umstead detailed his trip, and said that on arriving at St. Louis, in company with Detectives Thomas Hennessy and P. F. Lawlor, of St. Louis, he had discovered the truth of the girl’s statement. At the conclusion of the testimony the Alderman committed the prisoner in default of $3,000 to answer at court the charge of enticing the girl from her home. The little one was taken charge of by her father and grandmother, her mother being dead.

Killing Young ’Hoppers.

Bulletin No. 1 of the United States Entomological Commission is just out: These will be issued from time to time as the occasion may seem to warrant, to meet such exigencies as may occur. The present pamphlet has reference principally to the destruction of the young locusts by artificial means. One is by means of ditches with square sides, in which the young pupae are entangled. A net, which has done good service, made by Major J. G. Thompson, es Garden City, Minn., is made as follows : Two pieces of common batten about sixteen feet long were used as a framework for the mouth of the net, one for the bottom and one for the top. From the end of the bottom piece a wooden shoe of the same material ran back about six feet to steady the trap and serve as a runner. To the rear end of this shoe a similar piece was fastened by a hinge, and ran forward and was fastened to the top of the frame, so that till mouth of the trap would open and shut like a jaw. To hold the mouth open, two short upright posts were fastened to the top piece by a hinge, and rested upright upon the bed-piece. The net itself was made of eotton cloth for the bottom, and the top was made of mosquito-net-ting. The mouth of the net extended sixteen feet from one side of the trap to the other, and the net ran back about six feet to Rr point with a hole at the end to let out the insects collected. A boy of 10 years old can draw one end of this net, and by the use of it Major Thompson saved one piece of wheat. Similar machines have been drawn by horses hitched to each side of the trap; being twelve to sixteen feet apart. The horses serve the purpose of driving the locusts inward toward the mouth of the net. There have been many forms of this machine, but all on the same general principle.

Bridging the Danube.

The Russians seem to have built their bridges and crossed the Danube into the Dobmdsclia very quietly. It was a bolder and more brilliant undertaking in 1828. The Turks had divined the intentions of the enemy, and had intrenched themselves opposite the point of crossing. The Russians had to make a causeway 7,000 paces in length before they could reach the bank, and were under fire while at work. They had a flotilla on the Damibe, and when their causeway was complete they sent a detachment of infantry and Cossacks across the river in boats and landed below the Turkish earthworks. These troops carried the intrenchments by storm, and the Turks abandoned the attempt to dispute the crossing. Napoleon’s passage of the Damibe in the face of the Austrians before the battle of Wagram was still more brilliant. He concealed the materials for a floating bridge in the woods and brushwood; he sent across at 9p. m. two battalions of. infantry, who held their ground till'the bridge was completed; he then threw another corps across the river, and by daylight there were 70,000 soldiers on the other side.

’Twas Only a Shadow.

While half a dozen persons wife rolling along in a Michigan avenue horse car a man leaned across the aisle and said to another: “ Excuse me, but didn’t a big bug crawl down behind your collar?” “ Ooh ! Ouch !” exclaimed the other, as he leaped up and hauled off his coat. He looked the garment all over, but there was no bug to be seen. “ Perhaps it crawled down under your vest,” suggested the man. Off came the vest, and it was closely inspected without making any discoveries. The attentive stranger then made the victim turn around two or three times to see if the bug wasn’t hidden under the suspenders, and when a thorough search had been

$1.50 per Annum.

NUMBER 21.

made the stranger fat down and said “It was probably a shadow flitting across your collar, but I felt sure it was a bug. You can put on your coat and vest again. ” The more the victim thought about it the madder he got, but before he put on his coat the other man left the car and slid down Twelfth street as if he had grease on his heels. —Detroit Free Press.

HARD TIMES.

Present Relation lie tween Production ami Con su in ption. [From the Popular Science Monthly for July.] Production and consumption do not have that intimate relation to each other they once had. In old times the weaver, for instance, was in contact with his customers ; he wove cloth as he discovered the need ; he cautiously set up a second loom when it became fully evident that it could be kept employed ; and thus supply and demand went, ns it were, hand m hand. But now gigantic mills filled with many spindles have little accurate relation to consumption. The power of production by means of improved machinery is something immense, and it is exercised with no very watchful or cautious regard to the immediate needs of the community. Goods are piled up in vast quantities in waiting for a future market, or for an anticipated change in price, or they are pressed upon the market at such low rates or on such long credits that buyers are seduced into over-purchases. In favorable times these establishments are run at high pressure. The old-fashioned nice relation between producer and consumer disappears. Speculation takes the helm. Much more is produced than there is com, leather, or other goods, to exchange for it. The resources of the mills are great; they can borrow from the banks while they pile up their fabrics in their warerooms ; they can by means of their concentrated capital keep their machinery running, even at a loss, if by so doing they can crush out a rival or manipulate the market. flat in the height of this prosperous run -there is a check—no matter for what cause—and suddenly the work stops. There is little sale for goods produced ; the fires must be put out, the doors closed, and thousands of operatives are deprived of employment. This would not be so unfortunate if this over-production had been diffused among the work-people. But it had not. Notwithstanding the high pressure and the excessive manufacture, wages have been kept down ; while producing in six months as much as could be exchanged in a year, the workmen have not been paid in this way—their wages have been upon the basis of the whole year’s work—as a result, they are turned empty-handed upon the street. And, what is particularly unfortunate, they are reduced as consumers to the minimum point. Here the evil works both ways. The excessive production which has shut up the mill lias weakened the power of the community to absorb this production—the goose that laid the egg has been slain. Inevitably the recovery from hard times brought about in this way must be slow. The spindles cannot be set in motion until the stock of goods on hand is reduced and a fresh demand revives ; this demand cannot revive because the great body of consumers are in a state of impoverishment. This condition of things is entirely sufficient to explain the genesis and the prolongation of business prostration. Capital is not impaired ; it is locked up in machinery that is silent, in goods that cannot be exchanged, in money that has no borrowers. It is the paralysis of consumption that is the cause.

The Czar’s Proclamation to the Bulgarians.

“ My troops have crossed the Danube. They enter your territory, lvhere they have already several times fought for the amelioration of the lot of the Christian inhabitants of Turkey. Russia still bears the same love and solicitude toward all Christians in Turkey as when she secured the liberation of Bervia and Roumania. I have confided to my army the mission of securing the sacred rights of your nationality, which you have acquired hy centuries of suffering and the blood pf martyrs which has soaked your soil. Russia's mission is to build up, not to destroy. Hite is called by the decree of Providence to conciliate ahd pacify all races and denominations in those parts of Bulgaria inhabited by a mixed population. Henceforth Russian arms will protect every Christian against all violence. Not vengeance, but strict equity, will guide our acts.” The proclamation promises also equal protection to the Mussulmans, but impartial justice upon known participators in atrocities. It urges the abandonment or intestine dissensions, and announces that as fast as the Russians advance Turkish rule will be replaced by regular organizations, in which the native inhabitants will be summoned to take part, under the supreme direction of special authorities, and Bulgarian legions will be formed to serve as a nucleus of the local armed forces destined to maintain order and security. The proclamation concludes: ‘ ‘ Follow faithfully the instructions of the Russian authorities. Therein lies your strength and security. With humility, I pray the Lord to grant us victory over the enemies of Christianity, and to send down His blessing upon our s just cause.”

A Baby Incendiary.

The town of Wilbraiiam has been greatly puzzled ever since Sunday about the origin of the fire which destroyed the Congregational Church and six other buildings on that day, causing a loss of $34,000. The mystery is solved, however, by the discovery that the fire-bug is a mischievous 5-year-old boy, who seems to have a passion for starting conflagrations. The child happened to remark, last evening, that there would soon be another fire. He was questioned, and frankly told how he had crawled into the basement window of the church, found matches in a teapot, and kindled a fire to see the blaze, and then crawled out again. The child is perfectly truthful, and Rev. Mr. Howard, pastor of the church, thinks this explanation can be relied on as the real one of the origin of the fire. The boy lived in a house that was fired last winter, and it is thought now he was also the thoughtless cause of that fire. He has now been removed to another locality.— Springfield {Mass.) Republican.

In the rush and hurry of affairs in Europe, Oakey Hall has seized his opportunity and disappeared from sight. His friends have tried to keep him in view, but he has eluded them, and carried out his original intention of burying kim&eli from the world.

iP? 0 emocrafty JOB PRINTINB OFFICE nu letter facilities then any office in Northwestern Indiana for the execution of all branches of yOB miIVTING. PROMPTNESS A SPECIALTY. Anything, from a Dodger to a Prioe-Lirt, or from a Pamphlet to a Poster, black or colored, plain or fancy. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

CROW-WHICH ? BY A. 8. MII.I.EP, A c abin’s side, At eventide*; ' The traveler seeking shelter there “ Keep you all night ? Sari in, .ledge, ’light; Seeh ez we liev we share. i “Jones arc our name.'? “ Squire Jones ?” “ Tlie same. lY«iu’quaiuted much this way? Sal, fetch a elmir; You Bill out tliar. Give that yer hosS some hay,’’ Of rooms blit two Ills Jones, and few llis household goods, and poor— Two chairs, one bed— HiS guests instead Have •• shakedowns ” on the floor. Yet here, forsooth, This man uncouth lias pictures twanty-tliree! (’heap prints and small’ Save one, are all— A ehrenno that, of Lee. The traveler says. With wondering gaze: " You’re fond of tine urts, Squire?” ‘•l’icturs? Oh, Sal, My eldest gal, llez a hankerin' for them tliar.” “That chroino’s tine; If it were mine I’d deem myself quite rich. As doubtless you, My friend, now do—” “Beg pnrding, Jedge, crow-wliich ?" “ Oliro-i/m, that one— The South’s true son ; Of course you hold that dear.” i “Crow-mu/” says he, V “ That’s old Bob l.ee— I fit under hint four year !” Scribner's Monthly for July.

WIT AND HUMOR.

A mt ay sing air—The song of a mule. Turkey's battle-song is “ Hold the Porto.” * It’s a mighty sick printer who throws up his case. It was a little who remarked that slit; didn’t want to kiss papa because lie had “fringe on his mouth.” A young main from Auburn, who went to Texas last spring, lias telegraphed home to his father: “Fatted calf for one!” “ Tom, what in the world put matrimony into' your head?” “Well, (lie fact is, Joe, I was getting short ol' shirts.” Why is the Bank ol‘ 0 Franco like the Mohammedan religion? Because it’s something to which you and I don’t owe assent. I am astonished, my dear young lady, at your sentiments ; you make me start.” “ Well, I have been wanting you to start for the last hour. ” Can the chap at the theater who insists on beating time to the orchestra with his feet be spoken of as a “man who lias no music in liis Role ?” “ Wiiat side of the street do you live on, Mrs. Kipple ?” asked a counsel, crossexamining a witness. “On either side, sir. If you go one way, it’s on the right side. If you go the other way, it’s on the left.” As an evidence of woman’s confiding nature', it is mentioned that a young lady was married the other day to a Mr. Forget, but he was always for getting her. “ Circumstances alter cases,” said a lawyer to liis client, after losingthe fourth lawsuit, “Cases alter circumstances,” savagely replied the client. “By your management of my cases my circumstances ’have been nearly ruined.” The cucumber’ season has set in, and a man is waked up at 2 o’clock in the morning, after dreaming that an elephant is sitting on liis equator, to experience a violent regret he has not attended church more regularly in liis youth. Two rural constituents were talking of the new member of the Legislature, from their district. One of them asked, “Is he talented?” “Well,” said the other, “I should say he might set a house afire by rubbing his nose against the door-post.” If you wish to. understand woman’s capacity for business, just undertake to overhaul a high-toned dressmaker’s bill. The way one of these female harness manufacturers will graft bones, buttons, sewing silk, fringe, lining, cambric, etc., on to the original charge for making and trimming is enough to send a first-class double-entry bookkeeper to a lunatic asylum. — None ieh Ji u t let in. Russian visiting cards are two feet long, and when young Petropaulovski Paskiesmitliiwitch wants to leave one for Miss Tallowdipsakoff, who’s just gone to a train-oil kettledrum, he sings out to the hired girl that she needn’t stop spring cleaning to come down from the fourth story, but draws his card out of his Itus-sia-leather card valise and hands it to her through the window without any straining of the flexor or extensor muscles. — Pve/:. A pastor, delivering a sermon, was greatly disturbed by the “Aniens,” “ Glory hallelujahs,” etc., of an old man whose piety was manifested to the discomfort of the pastor ami people. The preacher asked a brother deacon to request the old man to discontinue, which he did, and not another word was heard. “Tell us how you managed to hush him up so completely,” inquired the pastor ; “ what did you say to him?” “ Oh, I only asked him to subscribe a dollar for foreign missions—that’s all,” was the reply.

The Naked Truth.

At noon yesterday a policeman found a boy bathing in a slip, near the foot of Randolph street, and he called to the hul to come out and be arrested like a man for breaking the ordinance. “ Is it agin the orjunance for a boy to fall into the river ?” queried the bather. “ No sir, but you are naked.” “ Does the law say that a boy has got to have his clothes on when he falls in?” “The ordinance prohibits bathing here, and now you come out.” “Is it bathing when a feller cuts his foot on a piece of tin, knocks his head agin a beam, and four catfish and a gob of mud ?” “I want you !” called the officer. “ What for?” asked the boy. “ I command you to come out 1” “ I can’t co|ne,” sorrowfully answered the bather. The retd truth is, I jumped in here to rescue a drowning female, but her hair pulled off' arid she’s at the bottom. 'si have no witness I dasu’t go to trial!” “I’ll bring you out?” growled the officer as he made for a boat; but the boy dis Appeared and was seen no more. While the officer was looking under the wharf the half of a good-sized sniul pile suddenly slid down the back of his neck and into his boots, and a musical, familiar voice was heard saying : “My shirt’s on hind side afore, breeches turned around, and this vest is wrong end up, but I feel as clean as a new stamp from the Postoffice, and Lor ! what an appetite I’ve got for pop-corn balls.”— Detroit Free Press.