Decatur Eagle, Volume 6, Number 52, Decatur, Adams County, 29 January 1863 — Page 1

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*-JTJOUE DECATUR EAGLE. - itttrSD EVERT THURSDAY MORNING, BY. Spencer & Schirmeyer. PUBLISHERS AND PROPRIETORS OFFICE— Ob Second Street, in Patterson’, WlUding, over the Drugstore. Terms of Subscription: One ronv, ofte Tear, in advance, $1 !fpaid within the year, 1 50 f not paid nntil the year has expired, 2 O’* iEFXo paper will he 4lOcontit tied until nil brreratrea are paid except at the option of the Publisher. Terms of Advertisinr: One epnare.ften line*) three insertions, $1 on Each <nb sequent insertion. -5 TTVo advertisement will herons’dered les* than nne square: over She square will Brrnnntad apl eh a 1 as *wn; >v ■■t * wn. a*, three, etr, TFi madeoTi *ll adv ‘rrisementsinnerted fora period Ton<?*r three .tenths - FThe ah rre rMes will ho strictly adhered Io under all rircuinstances. JOB PRINTING: We are preps vd to Ro all k in 4 a olson rvoBK fnanea'and - orkmnnhlte manner nntVmrtf reasonable terms. Our manorial f->r the cnmpletinn of Toi.-'Tork. heimr n»<r and ofthe Ist ,at stvfes. arc feel confident that satisfaction lean b» given awiOH 1 ••••. W\\\ BUSINESS W ~buut nousEn Decatur, Indiana. WT-w Utt V.7 Btt.’ H Proprietor Will .fidve good attention, and inak •« rpnannable charges, nj7-vG-Iy. D W CIT \ MPER, PHYSIC 4TN eV SURGEON DECATUR. INDIAN*. H*OFF[PE —On the ea«t «id<-nf Second . in therootfi formerlv occupied by J D. Nutt- 1 man as a hanking office. v 1-n 12 i DAVID ST[’ DIB 1K EB J attorney at uw, DECATUR. T NDI A V A Will Practice in Adams and adioining TTOFFICE —On Main <tn*rt immediately South of the Auditor’s Office —vfi-n 12 WfFS B. POBO. anT Counselor at Law, irroFFTCE. in R-cnr<b>r’s Officc-Xn Will practice in the Oo.u- < ’M T , n t h J 'flicjid Circuit. Attend t<» she Re.hmipHon of Lsnd«. the pav ..ent <»f Taxes Especial atten tion will be given ' the of Bon nt w®. PrrPtdrt and al* claims against the Government Nnv 98. 1862. v6-i»42 Ms T! f EIHT E!H ’ P. V. SMITH Ambrotype & Having permanently located in l>ec T <tur and supplied hini«<df with everything that may be foil rd in a Firm Class Picture Gallery, Would call the attention of all who desire goo 1 Picture at low price®, to call at hi® room* in Ho'iston’s Building, immediately over Drag Store. n37-l y v.*.J JEFFERSON QUICK. nitAt.CH IN ©LOOKS, WATOHiS. MUSICAL iXST IW ISHIS, JE TELRV. &.C., DE 1 A TUR. INDIANA. tOtac.it 4 . W. itches. fewelry. Musical Instru ■».!iit«. Ip., rep tired on short notice. SHOP —On Second Street, in Fiaz.’.-’s law of See. v 5 n 41 V ICK s B U RG! I. J. MIESSE, • w In his line of b i®ine.'■>, Defies the World! All other LI KE INS I’ITU I’ fO VS thrown in the shade! All »-ffo tsat -COMBE I'ITION gom* by the BOARD It i* acknowledged by all that he can ®ell a HETI ER artirlo of &IL Hames-,Saddles, Bridb«. jVPJk Whip* and all such li-ke for LI;SS tnon»‘V’han any other establishment jn Nor heastrrn Indiana without . xc •prion His work is all wan ante 1 to he made of the very b»“«t inn, erial, awd made by old and t*xpe Tjmc: d w ti kmen. Buggies and carriages trimmed in the latest and most approved stvle Repairing done on khort • otice and a’ reasonable rates ■TTGive vh n call, and we will convince von nf the truth o what we say We P\Y C \SfI for <n:r Stork, and en»'spqnentlv BUY CHEAP ER tlmn if we bought, on ’’l ME; and es course can sell in proportion — n3B-v6 XV/.OOD wanted at this office on subscription Yr before the the roads hetome sad

J, !■■■■? MESSAGE ] or 71 U GOVERNOR SEYMOUR TJ THE LEGISLATURE OFNEtV YORK. DELIVERED OS WEDNESDAY JAN 7 1803. Special to the Chicago Tiin»». Buffato, Jan. 7. The following is the portion of Governor Seymour's'Message relating to na tional affairs. It wa< sent to the Senate at noon to-day, the Assembly -beingat a dead lock: j To the Senate and ..Vseipbly: We meet under circumstances of unusual solemnity, to legislate for the honor the interest and th.j protection of the the people of the State of New York;— The oath which we- have tab nto support the constitution oft he United States and the Constitution of the State of New ' York, to perform our duties with fi leltiy : has at this time especial signi dcance- It teaches us to look upon each of these constitutions as equally sacred that each is to be upheld in its jurisdiction. At this time the power of the one is openly ; defied by armed rebellion, while the other is end tn-ered by confusion and discord growing out of civil «ar. This act declaration or test is not a mere eeremorfeal. It is a part of the tenure oft : the offices we hold. Until we have thus I [solemnly submitted ourselves to the coin- j 'mauds of these instruments, giving up I our personal views an 1 opinions, and pledging o irselves to obey their require-| merits, we are not. permitted to perform one official act. The constitution makes iCtny duty to I communicate to you the condition of the ' State. I cannot do this without speak-: ling of our Union and of the war whicn '. a'llicts our country and which also affects 'the extended commerce of New York' I taxes all its pursuits has taken more than ' 240.0 )0 men from our workshops and I fields and has carried mourning into the homes of our citizens 'The genius of! ' our government and the interests ot our 'people dc-nan.lth.it th" a-meets of this war should lie di eu • I vrit4i entire treedo n. Not only is the national lite at ; stake, but every personal, every family, every sacred interest is involved \\ e must grapple with the great questions of the day! We m ist confront the danger 'of our position. The truths of our fiuanjcial and military situation must not b-j . kept hack 'l'. m ist he no itt.-mp’, to 1 pul. down the full expression of public opinion It must be known and heeded to Pt Bible th© s? •verii’iwnt to manage * public afiab’s v ith success. there is a vearning desire among our to b-arn their actual condition 'They <lemand f*r>jt* discussion. 1 his should bn ;con l in an earnest, pat- ' riotie spirit. ' The solem ity of the occasion and the, sufferings ofthe war should revive th- - the intelligence, and the patriotism of the American people The de<*ay ol the<e has brought our calamities u; on u> There are now no cause' for discord that have not always existed in our country and which were not tell by car fathers in forming the Union. 1 hey had the greatness, ths magnanimity and the virtue to compromise and adjust th- ni. the valuQ of the Union they then formed has proved to be greater than th *y hoped —i i Yet we became indifierent to it when we ' were in the fill of its blessings yVe became ignorant ot the character and ' resources of o w o vn . countrvmeu, while I we had the f ill benefit of an 'untratnm ■!- 1 L-d commerce w i'hall sect ions of our land ,It wa; when the world was astonished ' with the power and wealth growing out of our National I nion, that sectional i predjudici-s and passions weie active in destroying fraternal affection' andg -ner: f ous lo ve of our country \\ hilc -we boasted much of our intelligence, there were | those persistently and lah-irmnsly enga- ' g. d thro'tgh th.-"pre:s and in the legislative halls. in teaching the people of the No th and South to undervalue and despise each other. Hostile legislation and the division of o tr churches impaired religlo is and social iuterc4rlr.se. It the North and South had understood the 1 power and purpo j e of each o'her, our ' cont ndons wo tld have been adjusted.— This misapprehension so bloody and terrible in its effects was systematically inincllcated. Affrighted at the ruin they wrought the a ithors of our calamities, at the north and south insist tha. this wa r was caused by an unavoidable eon est abo it slavery Th s has been the subject, not the cause 1 of controversy. We are to look for the , causes of this war in a pervading disregard ofthe obligations oflaws and constitutions, in disrespect for constituted ' authorities, and above all in th * local prejudices which have grown up in two portions of the Atlantic States the two extremes of our country who-e remote

‘Crr CcvrtiyfiGccn fepii ever re cur Aim—Vvilling to Fraige and not afraid to Blame.

DECAITR, ADAMS COUNTY, INDIANA, JAN. 29,1863.

position h ive made them less, well infor- ! med an 1 whose interest- have ma le them j less consid -rate with regard to the condi- > I tion and character of oir whole people. • than those living in the great central and western sections of our country. There is no honest statement of our ! difficulties which does not teach that our ' people mist reform them wives, as well as the conduct of our government, and the policy of our rulers. There is not a 1 calamity we are suffering which was not clearly foretold by our fathers as the re suit of the passions and local predjudices which h ive grown up during the past lif- ! teen years. It is not too late .0 save our . ! c.ouqtry, if w - will enter upon .the sacred . ■ duty’ in the righc spirit and in the right , way Whfri we do so the effect will ho ‘ seen and felt throughout our land, and. 1 by the civilized world We shall then strengthen our government, we shall: . weaken the rebellion we shall unite our , ■people. The wo'ld will recognize our 1 capacity for self government, when we ' Uio v that we are-capablfe-ofsilf reform. I In the tir-,t place we must emulate the conduct of oir fathers and sho.v obe li -. i once.to constitutional obligations. Th.e' | very idea of the power and right of the 1 people to establish government presupposes the <lnty, ot eveiy individual to obey 1 th ■ .established government yet a spirit !of dusob -dience has sapped the foundations of niitn cipal, State and National authority ,n every part of our land. It is not only the underlying and pervading ; cause ofthe war—it is also the immcli-1 ate occasion of. our calamities. When the jea lei's, of this insurrection at the exI treme South say tha* free and slave States 1 cannot exist together in the Union, and when this is echoed from the extreme 1 North by the enemies of o ir constitution. ; Both parties sqnply say they cannot because they vvjll not reqie t the laws and I the constitution. This spirit of disloyally must be put down. It. is inconsistent I w ith all social order and social security, j with the safety of persons and their prop- ! erty. .. In order to uphold our government it tis also necessary that we should showrel.spact to the nnthori:y o!'>mi- ribrs — ' While itiri.s lictriiis an.l u-pre ntiiig the tat iv1 ests, the honor the dignity of oar people ! they are entitled to deference. Where it is their right to decide upon measures and 1 olicy it is our duty to obey and ! give a ready support to their decisions. I This is a vital maxim of liberty. WithI out this lovaltv no government can conduct nubile atl'airs with success —no peo1 pie can be safe iu the enjoyment of their i rights. 'Uhls duty is peculiarly strong under our system, which give,s the peo;ple the right at their elections to sit in judgein nt upon their rulers to commend or c.ond mu tiiein to keep them in or expel them from oJh ial positions. This war sho dd have been averted ■b it when its jioddg-ijes were opened the I Administration could not grasp its diI mentions nor control its sweep. Government was borne along by the current and struggled as it best could, with the resistless tide. Few seemed able tc comprehend its military <?r financial problems 1 hence we are not to sit in harsh jitdgcinient upon errors in conduct of policy.— 1 Bit while we conced" all these excuses ■ for mistakes we are not to adopt errors t nor sustain violations of principle. The t same causes which extenuate their faults • in judgemant must make ns more vigt- “ lant te guard against, th.ir influences —• 1 Unusual dangers demand unusual vigiI lance! ■ Econoinv and integrjty in the adminis- - traticn of affairs a e essential at all times I they are v i'al in periods of war. If the I power of the people to sustain the expeu- ' ses of the war is broken down, it is in I \-ain that we have sent our citizens into > the field and that they have shed their ■ bloo lin un mnported efforts' to save our - country- The opportunities which a 1 state of war gives to unprincipled mon to -! urev n- on the public t-easiuy, and the •' diilic-ilty of cheeking their schemes, ) m Ist be bo’-ne in mind when we judge - the integrity of our rulers. Bit while I th-se diffic ilties sho dd hield th un from - harsh j’.idg -m-mt. they are additional reaj sons for vigilance and can ion. It is in 3 the nature of war to create powerful tir nancial and ambitions interests, eager to - prolong its duration. It is one ot its - chiefest.’dangers that it b lilds up an act- - ive class, who gain power and wealth by the taxation imposed upon the labor and r prosperity aft.he mass of citizens. This , organized class use the national treasury- [ to support schemes of plunder or ambition and the taxes wrung from the peo- > pie are thus made to prolong the state of . war and niilita 'y government. The now er of oir r’ders to avert these influences m Ist be aided and strengthened bv the [ most Ariinte expod'ion of public affairs. [ E; ’ravagatic® and corruption are vioia- , tiom of the faith jJedged to the nttblic , creditors The money loan- dto 'he nt j tional treasury wa-- wot brought forward

at a time of peace and confidence but in ' a time of doubt, and d inger. These i claims are held by the rich and the poor. The amounts held by cdfprirations repre sent the interests of women and children the aged and infirm. The right of oar ' soldiers to demand economy and integrity is of the most sacred character.— Never in the history of the-woild have armies of such numbers been made up of those who voluntarily left p-osiierous p'lrsnits and happy homes to suffer the dangers and priva’ioris of war. When defeat or deitrnctiou of life by violence o disease thinned the ranks of our arm-j j ins they promptly and freely steppe 1 tbr--1 ward to the rescue of the country’s flag, j A fearful crime will be done by those I who shall stiffer national bankrnntew to 1 turn into d-ist and ashes the pensions and Iho nties thus gained atthe cost of blood i and health and expose -e. These pensions j * ill in many cases be the sole reliance of ' those th is made incapable of supporting ■ ■ themselves.

It is worse that a government, should t ’i be overturned by corruption than by vi-: jolence A virtuous people will regain r ' 1 their rights if torn from them but there ? is no hope for those who suffer corrup- ' ’ tion to sap and rot away the fabric of , I their freedom. 'I There ure not only obligations resting j ion cur people towir.ls our authorities J but. under our political system; here are ; / limitations between the dep-irtrnen's of; <: -th" government and between the State j ( and National governmet, which must be , 1 1 ribserveii to secure the public safetv Ai , 1 this time these warning words of Wash- t ingl.m have peculiar significance: ‘lt is 1 , import ml, likewise, that the habit of , t'hiriking in a free country should inspire , /caution in those intrusted with its admin-t a , is'ratien to Confine ihemselves within , I tlo-ir respective constitutional spheres, I, avoiding, in the ex rcise of the powers o< ' , ■ on-- department, to encroach upon the j I other. The spirit of encroachment tends'j I to consolidate the powers of all the depart- 1 | nients igione and thus to create. Wliatlj -ver 1 lie form ol government, a real d.-s- H potism.’ A just estimate nf that love oil, > ov-r and pr >neC *s« to ahwse i*. whic'i ' ~, in the human hcrirt is . ■ uffi -i- nt to satisfy ns of- lie'tm h -f this , position The legislative, --x -cuuve. and j ' ju ticjal departments are coordinate. It I, ' is . qualv treasonable to resist lite rightful I f auihoriiv of either. To overthrow the 1 | ; power of either depar'm-nt Is revolution. ' t L-g slative right, ex< entire power, and , j initial independence are alike sacred. j t I)-regard for the limits of Slate and I f National jurisdictions, and the inlerfer- , ence ot one depariment with the duties of , I another, are not onlv opposed to the , genius and organization ot our civil gov- , ernment hut they have caused disasters j, !in the conduct of the war. While the , ( War D-parlinent se’s a.-ide the authority of tlie judieiiirv and overrides the laws , ' of Stat -s, the Governors of States m -et , to shape the policy of the general gov , ernrnent; the National L-gislattire ap- ( , ■ points commilt- es to interfere with the , i ui'litary conduat o* the war; an I S--na- ■ tors combine to dictate the Executive , 1 choice- of constitution d advisers The , ' natural results of meddling and intrigue!, ’ have, followed. While our armies have . 1 gamed victories in ti-l-ls remote from the., f capita!, with its influence the h-r >ic ) valor of our soldier- and the skill of ; 4 our G nerals ore thwarted and p trslvz-d Not < nly must the national con slit it'ion - be held inviolate, but tie- rights of States’ - must be resnected as not less sacred There are differenCi S of opinion as to the ■ dividing lin- between S'ale and National 4 jurisdictions; but there ca-- be none as 8 to the existence of such separate juris- ; - dictions, each covering subjects of legis 1 la'i.in and jurisprudence esien'ial to the o public security and welfare. A consoli r dated government in this vast country r would destroy the ess-nti al home rights 1 and liberties o* the people. The sov- ) ereign'ies of the States except as they 3 are limited by the constitution can never , he given up Without them the govern 3 ment cannot stand. It was made and 3 can be changed hv State agency This 1 is sh twn In the following provisions of - the instrument i'self; The ratification of 1 nine States shall he siiffi-tetit to the - esfablisment of this Constitution between » the States so ratifving the same.' Again 4 Three fourths of the States can add to - or take aw-v from the powers of the gen .’ eral government, by demanding aconvenI tion in which amendments can be pro- ' s posed which, it ratified by three forihs r of thr States, become parts of the consli- - lut'on. While they uan thus take away . or add tn its power the general governs ment can in no wav touch one right of th. Stales or invade their jurisdiction s While obligation* rest ur-n the States 3 to respect the constitution the laws and authorities of the genera! government, th- g-nernl government must show equal a respect for the rights and constituted authorities nf States To Sti-rh legislation j and authorities we io«fc for the good

order of society, the sectirly of life and property, the protection of our homes, j and all that is n-arest and dearest to us in the relations, duties, and actions of' life. It is dang-rous and demoralizing to! show contempt for State authorities] and laws I undermines alike the toun ' ' dations of State and National gbr-rn ment, br breaking tip the social system. ' It home laws are not respected, th- more 'g-n-ral authority will not he regarded Our people have, 'therefore, viewed with

al inn practices anil pretentions on the! part of officials which violate every principle of good order, of civil liberty, 1 and o' constitutional. Il is claimed that, ' in time ol war, th- president has powers as Commander in Chief ot our armi-s ' which autboriza hint to deflate martial! law n-t only within the sphere of hostile] tU 'V mt-nls where other law cannot be’ enfo reed hut also over our whole land that at his pleasure he can disregard not onlv the statutes ot Congress, but the decis- I ions of the na'ional judiciary that in loyal I States the l-ast intelligent classes of officials may be clothed with power not ' onlv to act ns spies and informers but I also without due process of law to seize I and imprison our citizens and carry ' them beyond th- limits of the State and to hold them in prisons, without a hear ' ing and without, a knowledge of the off I enees with which they are charged. I Not onlv the passions and the prejudices! of these inferior agents lead them to acts of trvannr, but their interests are ad vanced and their positions secured hv promoting discontent and discord Even' to ask the aid of counsel his been held to fie an offence. It has been well said that to be arrested for one knows not what, to be confined no one is entitled m: ask where, to be tried no one can say I when, hv a law no wheieor estahlishe i. or to linger out life in a cell withoil' i trial, presents a body nt tyranny which i cannot be enlarged, The suppression oil journals and the imprisonment ot persons have been glaringly partisan, allowing to sr-me the utmost licentiousness ol criticism, ar, I pn nshing others lor the fair ex-rcise of the right of discussion. Conscious of these gross abuses, an nt'empt has been made to shield the vi d -tors of sw and suppress inquiry into their motives and conduct. Their attempt will fail. Unconstitutional acts cannot, be shielded by unconstitutional, laws. Such attempts will not save the I gtliltv, while they will bring a just con demantion upon those who try to pervert the power of legislation to the purposes ot oppression To justify such action by precedents drawn from the practice ol , governments where there is no restraint upon legislative power, will be of r,o avail under our system . which restrains the government and protects the citizens constitutions. I shall not inquire what rights Slates in rebellion have forfeited; tun I deny that this rebellion can suspend a single rtgnt ol the Clliz -ns ol hiyai S at< 8 I denounce the doctrine that civil war in the South taxes away from the loyal North the benefits of one principle ol civil liberty. It is a h-gh crime to ah duct a Citizen ot this S'-ale. it is m ide my daily by tlm constitution to see that the laws are enforced I shall investigate j e-/erv alleg-d violation of our statutes, and see that the offenders are brought to justice. Sheriffs an-l Disnrict Attorney are admonished that it is their duty to take care that no peisons with in their respective counties are imprisoned or carried by force lieyund their limits, without due processor legal authority. The removal to England of persons charged with offences, awav from their fri-mds, their witnesses, and m-ans of defence, was one of the acts of 'yranny for which we asserted our independence. The atiduciion of citizens from this State for offences charged to have been done here and carrying them many hundreds ol miles to distant prisons into their Stites or Territories, is an outrage of the same character, upon every principle of right and justice. The genera! government has ample power to establish courts to appoint officers to arrest and Commissioners to hear complaints, and to imprison upon reasonable grounds of suspicion It has a judicial system in full and undislurhed op eration Its own courts, held at convenient points in this an ! other loyal States are open for the hearing of all complaints. If its laws are not amp'e for the punishment of offences, it is due to the neglect 'of those in power. Government is not strengthened by the exercise of doubtful powers, but hy a wise and en rgetic ex ercise of those which are incontestihle. The former course never fails to produce discord, suspicion, and distrust; while the latter inspires respect and confidence This loval State, whose courts, and whose officers have thus been treatei with marked and public contempt, and whose toeial order an 1 sa-rgd rigli's have been vio'a:' .!. was. at that very time, sending forth great »rmi<» to pro-

tect the national capi'ol, and to save the I national officials from fight or capture. ] It was while Hie armies of New York I thus sheltered them agairst rebellion • that, without consultation with its Chief ' Magistrate, a subordinate, dtpartmerit at ! Wasl ingion insulted our people and in1 vaded our rightsAgainst tlo-se wrongs ar.d outrages ‘ the p,-ople of the S' ate of N- * York, at !Us bile election, solemnly protested. The submission ol ovi people to theie abuses for a time otqy, was mistaken at home ! anil abroad for an indifference to their liberties; but it was onlv in a spirit of ! respect for our institutions that they ’ waited until they could express their will 'in the manner poin'ed out by our laws. ’ At the late election they vindicated at j once their regard (or law and their l~ve |o' liberty. Amid all the con'usion ot • civil war they calmly eat in judgment i upon lha administration, voting against its candidates. Nor was this the only ! striking pri/of of respect for the cons'ituI tion. Toe minority, of nearly equal : numbers, yielded to this decision without I resistance, although the canvass was anima ed by strong partisan excitement. I This calm assertion of rights, and this I home able submission to the verdict of the ballot box vindicated at once the | character of o.r people and the stability lof our institutions. Hid the s-cession-i ists ot tli- South thus yielded tocous'ituI’tonal decisons, they would have saved 'themselves and our co-vptry from the horrors of this war, and they would have ] found the same remedy for every wrong 1 and danger The claim of power under martial law iis not only destructive of the rights of I Stales, but it overthrows the legislative | and judicial departments ofthe general. Igovi rnmi-nt. It asserts for the President ! more power as the head of the srrry ! than as a representative ruler of the peoI pie This claim has brought discredit upon us in the eyes of the world. It has strengthened the hopes of rebellion; it has weakened the confidence of loyal States, ii tends to destroy the value of our government in the minds of our people; !it leads to discord and discontent at this i North, while it his united and invl-Or- ' ati-4 tbo South, if there is a necegsitr which justifies that policy, let us openly and honestly say there is a necessity 1 which justifies revolution; but this prei tension is not put forth as a necessity, ! which overlooks for n time restraints, and which is justified by a great exigency, It is a theory which exalts the military power of the President above hie civil and constitutional rights. It asserts I hat Ihe may, in hie discretion, declare war, and then extinguish the State and ' national constitutions hy drawing the ■ i pall of martial law over our vast coun’ry. Martial law defines itself to he a law where war is It limits i's own juris- ■ diction by its vary terms But this new and strange doctrine h Ids that, the loval N-.rth lost their eonsitutional rights wlu-n tha Soith rehelled, and all are I now govern'd hy military dictation. L iyalty is thus less secure than rebellion , ' for It stands without means ;n resist outrages nr to resent tvfannv. Amidst all the horrors that have been enacted under martial liw in the history ol the world, and amidst all the justifications J attempted of its usages, it was never I I before fiehi tiiat it could b- extended over peaceful States It was m ver be1 fore claimed that the power of a military commander was superior to the powers of government. More than 'wo centuries ’ since, that bold defender of Engli-h lib- ■ ertv, t'lat. honest and independent judge. ’ Lord declared fl at Where courts ol law ’ are open, martial law cannot he exeF outed.’ and also that 'The power that is above the law is unfit for the King to ask. or us to grant.’ Are English laws ’ more sacred or is English liberty more 1 secure than ours? I. was one of the causes set forth in r th- Declaration ol Independence for r»- ' nouncing allegiance tn ths King of En--1 gland, that fie has affected to render the military independent of and superior to p the civil power During tlie struggle for no- ‘ tional li»e, although surrounded bv enor i tnies spies, and inform-rs who upheld the ' pretensions of the Crown, Washington ' never d-elared martial law. or tnado th" military superior to civil au'hority. On ' the contrary he was most delerrntial to 8 I the latter , The feeling of the fathers on this sub- ' ject can best b- learned hv the con’titUl . lions which war- formed hy the nv-n who ,l established the national government All '■ of them had provisions inconsistent with • thi’ n-w and monstrous pretension Mas- ’• sachusetta. New II impshire. Connecticut “ Delaware, Pennsylvania Man land. North *' Carolina. South Carolina—-eight of th" ‘ thirteen Stales which originally made up * our Union, xpl'citeiy declared that Mil- ' 'larv power ahotild, in all cases and at o all limes, he field in exact subordination ’ to civil au'hnii’v, an ' he governed by it v This was expressed in rxeh eonetitutioc ’’ [CONTINUFD ON FOURTH PAGE.]

NO* 52.