Decatur Eagle, Volume 6, Number 5, Decatur, Adams County, 6 March 1862 — Page 1

TH E DE C A TUR 1 A OLE

VOL. 6.

DecatuT’eagle. A IS ISSUED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING, BY A . J. 111 LL, EDITOR, PUBLISHER AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE—On Second Street,, in Patterson’s building, overthe Ding Store. Terms of Subscription: One copy, one year, in advance, $1 00 If paid within the year, 1 50 If not paid until the year has expired , 200 O’N’o paper will be discontii ued until all arrerages are paid except at the option of the Publisher. Terms of Advertising: One square,(ten lines) three insertions, $] 00 Each subsequent insertion, 25 lEFNn advertisement. will be considered less than one square; over one square will be counted and charged as two; over two, as three, etc.. (LT*A. liberal discount, from the above rates, made on all advenisements inserted for a period longer three months. iJ“The above rates will be strictly adhered to under all circumstances. J O;B PRINTING: We are prepared to do all kinds of job-work, ina neat and workmanlike manner, on themes! reasonable terms. Our material for the completion of Job-Work, beiuy new and of the lat est styles, we feel confident that satisfaction can be given. THE SOLDIERS Bl RIAL. BY HORRACE BIDDLE. Where shall we lay our comrade/l >wn? Where shall the brave one sleep? The battle’s past, the victory won, Now we have time to weep. Pury him on the’rnountain’s brow Where he fought so well; Bury him where the laurels grow, There he bravely fell.' There lay him in his generous blood, For there first comes the light— From ski*»« ehcii. ijtvu n t-ar u cloud — And lingers last a night, Bury him on the mountain’s brow, Where he fought so well; Bury him where the laurels grow, Where 113 bravely fell! g What though no floweret there may bloom To scent the chilly air, The sky shall stoop to wrap his tomb, < Tile stars shall watch him there. Bury him on the mountain’s brow When? ho fought so well; Bury him where the laurels grow, There he bravely fell! What though no stone may mark his grave, Yet Fame shall tell his race Where sleeps the one so kind, so brave And God shall find the place. Bury him on the mountain’s brow, Where he fought so well; Bury him where the laurels grow, There he bravely fell? Davis Straits. — Between Richmond and Nashville. That’s the end of my tale, as the tadpole said when he turned into a pull frog. hope that after this war is over, C. S. A. will be the motto of the South—- — Secede Again. The two most precious things in hoops are girls and kegs of powder—danger of blowing up from both—keep the sparks away from them. —, - ■ — Not very far from Centra] New Jersey lived two young lawyers, Aichy Brown and Tom Hall. Both were fond of dropping in at Mr. Smith’s of an evening, and spending an hour or two with his only daughter, Mery, One evening when Brown and Miss Mary had discussed almost every topic, Brown suddenly and with his sweetest tones struck on as follows: Do you think, Mary, you could leave your father and mother, your pleasant home here with all its ease and comforts, and go to the Far West with a young lawyer, who Gas little besides his profession to depend upon, aud with him find out a new home, which it should be your joint duty to beautify and make delightful like this?” Dropping her head softly on his shoulder, she answered, “I think I could, Archy.” said he, in a changed tone, 1 and straightening himself up, "there’s Tom Hall going West, and wants fi wi(g, I’ll jhst mention it to him.” ■.

TIT E EA G LE. | | JJ- II J. .1.. Js.,' .r. ~ - -- - > "■-■*T»—, T—--r—. | Orchard Raising. Editor Eagle, Sih. —ln accordance with the promise made in my last comunication, I now proceed to give some of my views and treatment of fruit trees after tha first year in the orchard; the first, years treatment having been given in my last. But before entering upon that, topic, I wish to say a few words in refrence to the position of the tree. Since 1858 I have set all my trees in an inclining position; a little to the south of south-west, i and about two inches inclination to the foot. The object in thus inclining the trees, is to prevent the sun from striking . the trunk so fairly as it otherwise would do, if it stood straight or leaned to the . north east. And here let me sav, that nearly all trees that set straight will shortI ly incline to the north-east by the force! i of the almost constant south-west winds, j And even by leaning them to the south- , west, when they are first set, the southwest winds have a tendency to drive them in the opposite direction, and will even bend the bodies of some and give them an inclination to the north-east, aud thus expose the body to the sun, which can be prevented by staking and binding them to their proper position, I have seldom ever seen a tree of any size, leaning to the north-east, but what was injured on the south side, which injury, I think, is caused by the warm sun of February and March, followed by severe cold nights. Some think the injury is done by the hot sun of August, but I do not think so. But it matters not at what time the ' injury is done so that we find an effectual remedy, and which, I think, is found by lobserving the treatement indicated above. After the first year’s treatment as given in mv last article, 1 cultivate with the ■ spade to the depth of about six inches, still throwing more dirt to the side of that I already heaped around the tree, taking pains to get a mixture of clay with the top soil. The earth thus thrown around the tree should be inclined so as to prevent ‘he water from settling around the tree. This treatment will always secure a vigorous growth, even on thin land. I examine my trees frequently and keep the bodies free from sprouts until about i the first of August. I trim, the top in April or Mav, but never later. By cutting away a part of the fop, a better growth is obtained for the rema nng portion. 1 do not cultivate my trees after about the first of August. It is better to check the growth in the latter part of the season, so as to give (he eaily growth an opportunity to dry up, that it may be the better prepared to withstand the cold of the approaching winter. With this kind of treatment tl.e poorest land wifi grow fruit trees full as fust as they ought to be grown for their own safety; and trees grown upon piorland will always he the best bearing trees. Some kind of trees will not produce much besides wood when grown upon rich soil; that is rich soil underlaid with a clay subsoil. Rich soil underlaid with a gravelly subsoil will produce fruit; for the reason that the roots run down, ao as to obtain the proper food i for the production of fruit buds. As to stable manure it should never be applied to trees under any circumstances—as it only produces wood and prevents the formation of fruit buds. A slow growing tree is always hardier than one of thriftier growth, and there is always more dan-, ger in growing a tree too fast than there is in growing it too slow. We should there- ■ lore always be cautious not to grow our i trees too fast so as to endanger them by the winter. Some of my trees the second year—the past season —grew limbs three feet in length, and I would not be much surprised to find that that is growing them a little too fast. Much however depends upon the mildness or severity lof the winter that follows; for a growth that would pass safely through a mild winter like the present, might be fatally , injured by a more vigorous winter — More anon, P. N .C. - t--A ‘Bone of Contrtion.’— the other; evening, as a worthy divine and a broad- i thinking doctor was discussing about the i ‘Essays and Reviews,’ some doubts were raised whether Eve was from ‘a bone’ when a poetical lady remarked: ‘Well, if • ! Eve were so formed, it must have been (torn the ‘Bone of Contention.’

“Our Country’s Good shall ever be our Aim—Willing to Praise and not afraid to Blame.”

DECATUR, ADAMS COUNTY, INDIANA, MARCH 6, 1862.

Extracts from the (Speech of Mr. Voorhe es Member of Congress from the Terre Haute District, Indiana. Mr. Voorhees—Mr. Chairman, the first duty, prrliape, of one who attempts to address a deliberative body, is a dear and candid definition of his own position on the subject under discussion. I am willing and ready to meet that requirement on this occasion. I propose to discuss the duty of the Federal G ive r ament iu its relation to the unhappy war which now allicts the nation, nnd rha objects for which alone that war should be pros’euted. And standing here, a loyal and faithful citizen, recognizing to the fullest exteat the bond of ray allegiance, I deciare my , purpose io sustain the Government witii I all my energies in all its constitutional efforts to maintain unbroken the Union of these Stales as our fathers made it; that 1 will sustain it with all my energies in so conducting this war that it shall ‘‘not be waged in the spirit of conquest or suhjti- ; gation, nor for the purpose of overthrowing nr interfering with the rights or in- [ stif utions of tha States, but to defend and maintain the supremacy of the Constitution, and to preserve the Union with all I the dignity, equality and rights of the several States unimpaired;” hut that I shall oppose unalterably in all constitutional methods, and to the utmost of my ability, the prosecution of this war for the purpose of subjugating the Southern Stales, reducing them to the condition of Territories, subverting their institutions and laws, or liberating their slaves — ■ This position I conceive to be one on which every truo lover of the Union, every disciple of the Constitution, every friend of humanity, can stand. It is the rock of the Constitution, and he who pta ces his feet upon it mav defy tha storm which rages around him. * * * * * * The, Union was established by the prayers, the tears, the groans, the blood of a generation which stands exalted in all Chat ennobles the human race over a]] the other generations of men which the earth has witnessed. It comes down to us rich with the odor of blessed memories. To preserve it in its purity, to restore i. jto its glory, to lift it up once more for the civilized world to look at and admire; to bequeath it unimpaired in its ben'frcent grandeur to our children, is a cause in which every sacrifice; save that of efernal truth, becomes cheap and easy,— For that cause I desire in mv humble ca--1 pacify, to speak to dav- For that cause I can sav, with the eye of Omniscience for my witness, no life between the two oceans- that bound this continent would be inure willingly offered than mine. But a'grealer evil, a more fatal calamity to us and our posterity than “ven a line of division across the heart of the nation is in mv judgement, hero threatened on this floor. The fall of the Republic can never be complete until the Constitution is overthrown - A portion of its territory mav be torn away, treaI son may rob it of much of its treasure, i the lightening may descend and scatter some of its branches, and seam and scar I its stately trunk, but if the immoral principles of the Constitution are left, the sap of life will rise again, nnd the leaves will come in the spring. Destroy them and the tree of liberty, like a girdled tree of the western forests, will hasten to decay, and fall to the earth, to be removed as , rubbish by the hand ot some tyrant and uaurpe. Sir, what is it that constitutes the value of American citizenship? Is it vast possessions and extensive boundaries What to me, what to you, is the posses ;sion of the four quarters of the globe, and all the islands of the sea, if we have not as our shield, our buckler and our defense I the Constitution of our fathers? Within its sacred folds are garnered up the great crown jewels of human freedom. j Firstand above all. at every hazard, and in the face of all consequences, perI mil not the citizens to be robbed of these jewels. They constitute his all they ren i der his person sacred they make his roof ; protect him at home they enable him ; when abroad to exclaim with more weight than the Roman of old, that lie is an American citizen, they open his prison doors in time of trouble; they place him* before his accusers; they give him a trial ; , by his peers; they protect him in tha en- I joyment of the hard-earned labor o f his l bands; they tell him in tones of angelic sweetness, to eat, in peace the bread which ; he has earned in the sweat of his face.— They are all, all, sir, all that render A- i merica citizenship significant of liberty, significant of freedom, upright, glorious! manhood throughout the world. Forme, let us wear and enjoy them, though my i possession be no broader than the narrow limits to which we all hasten, and ; i where the weary find rest. But we are constantly reminded by 1 those who propose to violate the Consti- ' tution, that we are in the midst of a na- 1 tational crisis which calls for the exercise 1 of powers not contained in the instrument, ! I deny this proposition, and assert the ' contrary proposition, that the restoration 1

s of the Union will be accomplished by and e through the instrumentality of the Constituii' n, and a strict observance of its ? provisions, or not at all. s. Under date of April 10, 1861. Mr. r Seward wrote to Mr Adams, the Amerii can Minister to England; and in his oflii rial instructions to him spoke as follows: You will indulge in na expressions of • harshness or disrespect, or even itnpat tience, coucerni’g the seceded States, their > agents or their people; but you will, on r the contrary, all the while remember that . those States arc now, as they always 1 heretofore have been, and notwilhstandt ing their temporary self-delusion, they ; must always continue to be equal and i honored members of this Federal Union, - and that their citizens, throughout all pof litical misunderstandings and alienations, t. still are and always must be our kindred > and countrvmen. i 1 On this doctrine sir I take my stand. It embraces the deliberate conclusions of - my mind and the sentiments of my heart. I believed in the principles laid down by 1 the Secretary of State, on the 10th day -of April, when they were written, and I believe in them now. If others have changed since then, I have not. The UnI ion which I seek to have restored is the • old Union, as it was made by our ances- ■ tors; not anew and dilierent one; shaped ■ and fashioned to suit the capricious noi tions of modern politicians. I long to see the States once more reunited as “e---i qual and honored members of this Feder- j • al Union,” with the Constitution uu i changed in letter and in spirit, extending its protection and its blessings alike to; them al). I have no wish, however, for s the kind of a Union which now seems to meet the approbation of many' of the dis- ' tinguished leaders of the dominant party. | ! Rome had her subjugated provinces re- , duced to squalid wretchedness by her 1 vast standing armies. Her trembling

! tributaries wailed and bled beneath her cruel power. Her Consuls went forth to ■ rob, to plunder, to scourge and crucify. She reduced independent sovereign Stales to territorial vassallage. She received their enforced homage as a conqueror.— I She confiscated their lands and their substance. She filled her lan with extorted wealth. Bui does the sad sequel to her ' history commend her policy to us for aidoption? Standing armies preyed upon her vitals and smote down her liberties. Unwilling, unequal, and dishonor’d States arose against her whenever the opportunity offered. The Gaul, the Briton, the Tartar, the Hun, the Goth, the Vandal, all l “Dealt upon the seven hilled city’s pride,” I rifled her of her glory, and repaid her a ! thousand fold for the bitter humiliations which her arrogance had inflicted. All i history repeats the same teaching! England, in modern times, has contributed her example to this great lesson of ■history. Her whole existence has been ' one protracted struggle to hold within her grasp conquered and vasail colonies.— Her success has, indeed, thus far been s great but her experiment is not over.— ' She has formed many unions with weaker powers whose soil she has laid waste and whose people she has murdered; but what sorrowful spectacles they are! She has a union with Ireland, but who wants to behold one like it on this continent, filled blood, with bitterness, with tears of grief with cries of hate, with charging armies, with revolution following revolution, in quick and horrid succession, and with I all those repulsive crimes which forever attend such events, and over which humanity has shuddered and wept in all ages? No sir; let us labor for no such Union as this. All history, all ages, and every clime contain volumes of leaching 'on this momentous subject. It becomes the American statesmen to heed their warnings. Give us back the Union as i* always heretofore has been, consisting of ‘equal and honored members. ’ Fail to do this; strip the States of their attributes as States under the Constitution and reduce them to territorial bondage, a measure already introduced into the other branch of Congress, and though our armies may be victorious in eveiy field—though they may, in their trium , 'phant march, cross every river, scale ev ery mountain, and encamp in every valley, from the Potomac to Mobile, there will never come a day whea tiie angel of peace will return to the land—there will never come a day when the drum beat and the ro 11-cal 10l vast standing armies ; shall cease to be heard; and there will never come a day when the footfall of the Federal tax-gatherer shall cease to be heard at the threshold of every laborer’s hamlet from the Atlantic to tlio Pacific , Ocean. Thera will be no peace in such a Union. The lightning of civil war will be forever playing in fitful gleams along our horizon. Ths people ol ths South are “our kindred and countrymen,’’ aad the blood which we inherit in common, the proud race to which we belong never yielded a passive obedience to the degrading conditions of inequality and dishonor. lam futj aware that the sword l

I must now bring th* conclusion of this un I natural strife. 1 uin fully aware that, result must be attained now on the battlefield. There was a time when it was not 'O, and history will embalm in everlastj ing infamy the names of those wh> rnj-c ted peace—she rejected union when both were offered on honorable terms. 1 leave | the past, however, at least for to-day, , and deal with the present. LM the ar I mies move on. and bring a sptedv issue ; to this war of ‘‘kindred and countrymen, ” but let them move in the name of the Constitution, in the name ol the laws, in j the name of the Union; composed of ‘‘ej qua) ann honored members,” in the name ; of God, and guided by the preempts of an j enlightened Christianity. * * * * Sir, Congress; however, spoke again on this important s.ubjoct. Wlio will ever forget the scene who witnessed it?— j Who will forget the 22d dav of last July in this Hall? It was the darkest day in all the calender of American history.— ! Dismay or gloom sat on every face A rented army was pouring into the city, I end a triumphant enemy was at the gates of the capitol. In that hour of extremity and peril, when a new army was to be raised and the old one encouraged and reinvigorated. Congress announces to the country, and to the whole world, the pol my which should govern the future conI duel of the war. On motion of the distinguished genileman from Kentucky, (Mr. Crittenden,) Congress said: “That this war is not waged on their part in any spirit of oppression, not tor any purpose of conquest or subjugation, nor purpose of throwing or interfering with the rights or established institutions of these States, but to defend and maintain the supremacy of the Constitution,

and preserve the Union with all the dignity, equality and lights of the several States unimpaired, and t .at as soon as these objects are accomplished ilia war ought to cease.”

i The nation heard this, and loyal men, . 'trusting and confi ling, again poured with j military tread from the loyal States to the | banks of the Potomac. They were repelled then by no outcry from either end ■of the Capi.ol that slavery, as the cause of the war, must be abolished, and that i ths seceded States had committed political suicide, and must be reduced, by ’he : force of arms, to Territories, and governed a’lysuch by Federal authority, Mr. Chairman, I represent in part, the people of a great State. Indiana may point proudly to her escutcheon. It is gemmed all ov< r with honor. She did ' not want this war. She was for compromise and peace, and is now, when they can be obtained, as they once could, with honor and upon the principles of the Con stitulion. But once cast into the conflict, I though by no act of hers, she has wedded her name to victory on every battlefield where her troops have drawn the sword. Go ami ask the sixty thousard soldiers now in the field, encircled as they are with a halo of gallant achievements, whether these demands shall be granted, and listen to their answer. That answer will be, they are fighting to restore a Union of “equal and honored members,” that they have encountered the perils of war to restore the Constitution exactly as it came from the hands of Washington, and to enfrree all the laws, uphold all the institutions, to protect and defend all the rights of every person and State under that Constitution, and that if such is no longer the policy of the Government, they will turn their faces homeward, deceived and betrayed. Go and ask the tax payers and tiie voters of the noble State for what they toil and pour out their money. They will answer that they live on the tributaries of the great thoroughfare of their trade and commerce, the Mississippi River, that their fortunes are forever linked by nature and the great laws of geographical formation with the States which ars we shed by its descending waters, and that by virtue of ; and in strict accordance with the Coust.i---i lution, they intend to secure a free passage to the Gulf of Mexieo. and that they will everywhere uphold the rights of others as well as their own; that they labor ,to maintain and preserve the laws, and l not to trample them under foot, and that they seek a reconstruction of the Union ; on precisely the san’s basis <ri which it was made by the founders of the Govern- . meat. They want no four m.llions of slaves set free. They have no money with which to purchase territories for vast schemes of colonization They are opposed to gigantic standing armies with which to hold, from year to year, and i through all time to come, degraded J States in subjugation. In this hour of triumph the true friends of the Union ev-ery-wliere demand that a policy for the reconstruction of the Government be proclaimed from here which shall insure for the future a Union of "equal and honored members.” Let our “kindred and countrymen” of the South know that liberality and magnanimity animate our councils, and that the spirit of vengeance, i intolerance and spoliation has no place in it

our midst. In this day of victory let the heralds of the Government go before our . armies and proclaim peace and Union, on the basis of equality, on the basis of the Constitution, an 1 on the basis of the laws. Let them announce thut. the pledges of the Government, so fieely given in the early part of this struggle, will not be broken at the ma I behests of Abolitionism; but that the condition of every human being in the South shall remain un- . changed whether the revolution shall succeed or fall Sir, to my mind it is an omen of evil that ’he spirit of Abolitionism, like a lurking fi -nd of mischief, a Mephintopheles of iniquity, should boldly stalk in here, and, in sn< h a crisis as this, assume to ’ control American legislation. Its croaking raven erv is a baleful sound to the cause of the Union. Its arrogant and defiant demands fill the future with gloom. It no longer comes in here the skulking i and despised miscreant that it once was; but. with the elevated mien and swaggering port of a conqueror, it strides forward over the mangled form of constitutional government. It no longer hides, and cowers, and denies its name and its nature, and assumes false shapes, like Satan in the garden of Paradise, with which to beguile and deceive, as it did a few short years ago. The vailed Prophet of Khorasson has revealed himself, and his hideous face is nl nost enough to as fright union and concord front the land. Why comes this fell spirit here now accompanied by its train of horrors? It has no merit in the past to entitle it to control the present and shape the futur#. It can point to no good act that it has ever accomplished. The cause of Abolitionism is barren of beneficent results. No State, no Territory has it ever dedicated to free labor, and no slave has it ever set

s: free except in violation of law. It has ■ never sanction of the great and good narnev which, like stars in the clear . upper sky, adorn and iliumin ale our hisi lory. On the contrary, it has bam the object of their incessant maledictions from the hour of its birth. Its presence I in the halls of Congress was their abhor- ' rence, and they prognosticated “evil, and evil only, and that continually,” from its influence in public ass airs. Why comes it here now? It never was a friend to the Union, and it is not to-day. It never wanted a union with slave States, or a fellowship with slaveholders, and does uot now. It is at. war with the constitution; it is an enemy to the Government; it is the twin monster to the doctrine of secession, and like the withered and hateful hags on the blasted heath of Scotland, the two together concocted the hell broth of the present civil war. Let the spirit of ihe Union born of the com ittitiun rise up .between them like a bright angt), and banish them both forever. Then will the nation renew its mighty youth, and go on again in its swift flight of prosperity and renown. Then will “kindred and countrymen” once more assemble under the same flag, and obeying the command of , the Prinee of Peace: 'Love one another.’ A Profanb Sweaker Rebuked.—The correspondent of the Syracuse Daily Cou rier, writing from Albany, says: The greatest, rebuke 1 ever heard given for profane swearing, was administered to a New Yorker, by a little candy boy, at the Delevan House, yesterday. As several of us Svracuseans were in conversation together at the Delevan, an Albany boy, about seven years of age. came up to vend his candies His intelligence and remarkable precociousness of manner attracted our attention, when a prominent New Yorker can e up and said, “Bub, by G—<l. if you will come home with me I’ll educate you ” The child looked up in the New Yorker’s face with extrema contempt and replied,” Sir, I would not go or live with any gentleman who uses profane language ” The cutting rebuke drove the New Yorker from the room with a crimson face, when the little chrisi tian received a profusion of quarters from the astonished spectators, who had heard with satisfaction the moral ret. rt from the .lips of an innocent child. * i. A letter in the Lafayette Courier sav» I that but for the Zouave drill the 11 th Indiana and Bth Missouri would have been destroyed. The trees and underbrush on the battlefield were literally mowed down. Had the troops under McClernand understood the Zouave drill, and deployed as skirmishers as did the flth Indiana and Sth Missouri, they wo’ld not have been driven back. When repulsed thev suffered teribly. — Keep out of debt—out of quarrels — out of law—out of politics—out of billiard saloons—out of idleness—out of thinsoied jhoes—out of damp clothes—out of reach of brandy and water—out of public office—out of matrimony, unless you are in love and keep clear of the monstrous sin of cheating the printer out of his dues. Those who do injustice, bate it.

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