Democratic Press, Volume 1, Number 35, Decatur, Adams County, 13 June 1895 — Page 2

WHERE BLAME RESTS| REPUBLICAN POLICY CAUSED DEMOCRATS TO BORROW. Measure of the G. O. P. Brought on the Panic The Attempt to Hare Democrate Punished for Republican Blunders Will Not Succeed a Second Time. Whose Incompetency? Through the mouth of that illustrious ; public anti private financier, Charles Foster, the Republicans of Ohio have the amazing effrontery to denounce the Democratic party "for its deplorable Incompetency in handling the national finances, borrowing $162,000,006 In two years.” Why did it Itecome necessary to borrow that much money in two years? Harrison entered the White House on March 4. 1880. During the fiscal year ending four months later the revenues exceeded the expenditures by $105,053,443. During the following year, under the same revenue laws, he excess of revenues over expenditures was $105,344,490. Then the Republican party, having complete control in both houses and their own man in the White House, so changed the revenue laws and increased the expenditures that the excess of receipts fell in 1891 to $37,239,762, and in 1893 to $9,914,454. Before the end of Harrison's administration the revenues had fallen below the expenditures. and Financier Foster went to New York to negotiate a lean under the resumption act. By whose deplorable incompetency was a surplus of more than $105,000,000 annually converted into a deficit in less than three years? As a result of whose deplorable incompetency did the deficit grow after the Harrison administration gave place to the Cleveland administration? The same revenue law —the McKinley law—under which the surplus disappeared remained in full force for more than a year and a half. The same laws increasing the continuing expenditures remained in force, and, with the exception of the sugar bounty, still remains in full force. All these were Republican laws, for which the Democratic party is in no way responsible. The revenues fell off after the panic of 1893. as they did after the panic of 1873. But to whose deplorable financial incompetency are we indebted for the panic of 1893? When that panic occurred the Republican organs throughout the country were practically unanimous in attributing it to the Sherman silver law. passed by a Republican Congress and approved by a Republican President. They, with the Republican leaders in both houses of Congress, applauded the President for calling an extra session to repeal that law. When the disaster first befell the Republicans did not attempt to deny that their party was responsible. It was a measure of their own party which by their own admission brought on the panic and greatly reduced the treasury receipts. It is undeniable that the Republican sugar bounty and other additions to continuing expenditures and the repeal of the duty on sugar contributed to the creation of a deficit. Yet she Ohio Republicans, through Financier Foster, coolly charge that the deficit and the necessity for borrowing were due to the “deplorable incompetency" of the Democratic party! Comment would be superfluous. It would add nothing to the force of the naked facts. The attempt to get the Democratic party punished for Republican blunders and crimes succeeded in in 1894; it will not succeed again.—Chicago Chronicle. McKinley’s Set-Back. In the Ohio convention Gov. McKin ley was badly beaten. He was not a candidate for any office, but he is the head of a machine, and the traditions of Ohio require the head of a machine to control everything within reach, to give battle to every challenger. So when Mr. McKinley's candidate for Governor was beaten, the Governor was beaten. He may have a “solid” delegation to the national convention, but he cannot trust it He has ceased to be the sole dispenser of patronage. His own followers will be disheartened, and he will be exposed to treachery. It is a vulgar and sordid game they are all playing, but they know the rules and the risks and they seem to like It The man who beat Gov. McKinley was ex-Gov. Foraker. He is much the same sort of a Republican as McKinley. only more so. He is keener, more active, more unscrupulous, and more vindictive. But it is plain that Foraker could not have beaten McKinley had the general feeling of the Republican party in Ohio been as strongly on McKinley's side as it has been until recently. Foraker is a shrewd and energetic organizer, but you can't organize successfully against a strong sentiment The final test is at the polls, and there the votes of men count who take no interest in the preliminary struggling and scheming. These men have long been great admirers of McKinley because of his very simple and intelligible, because extreme, protectionism. They have “gone back" on him. because they have begun to lose faith in protection. He was the representative of their favorite theory in politics, and the theory having lost favor, the representative suffers. Probably the average Ohio Republican would deny that he was any less a protectionist than he was five years ago, but he is. and the set-back he has given to the champion of protection shows it. The fact is that for the first time in nearly forty years the sincere protectionists, the men who really believed that the country could be taxed into prosperity and would be ruined if the tax were lessened, have had to face actual experience of lower taxes, and they find that they are not ruined. Take a single perfectly conclusive illustra-

tion. In 1893 large numbers of employers of labor declared that they > would have to reduce wages if the I Democrats carried the election*. Be- | fore the McKinley act was repealed they did reduce wages. Now wages are going up again. These very employers are raising them. Some are doing it willingly, some reluctantly, but all are able to do it and know that they are. Their strongest argument for McKinleyism is wiped out. Now, these men cannot help being influenced in politics by this fact They can no longer look on McKinley as a savior of society. They will not give money lavishly to restore tariff duties that they are getting on very well without They will not work as they have worked for the protection party. They will not try to scare their employes to voting for it, because they know it would be of no use. They have been living in dread, honest dread, of a disastrous crash, and they have landed quietly and comfortably on their feet. That does not mean that the Republican party is going to pieces, but it means that the essential Republican doctrine of extreme protection is being outgrown.—New York Times. No Tariff on Tunnels. New York City is preparing to construct a system of underground railways, which will involve the digging of about fifteen miles of tunnel, costing about $55,01>0.000. By some strauge oversight the McKinley bill omitted to Impose a duty on foreign tunnels, and the manufacturers of tunnels in thia country will have to compete with the pauper tunnel industries of Canada and England. In those countries it is alleged that tunnels can be had for practically nothing, all that is necessary being to dig away the earth and insert the tunnel. Whereas, owing to the imI>ort conditions of the tunnel industry of the United States, the cost of underground excavations is much greater here than in foreign countries. If it is not too late the next Congress, which is a truly high tariff body, should provide for a duty of at least fifty per cent, on all Imported papuer tunnels.' In this way we shall be able to keep our home markets for ourselves; pay high wages to tunnel builders; and in the course of time establish the tunnel Industry on as firm a footing as that of growing wool or making steel rails. Senator Sherman Forgets. “We are in favor of a protective tariff." says Senator Sherman. "We had such a tariff. While it was in force we had prosperity, good times and money in plenty." Is Senator Sherman falling into "second childishness and mere oblivion" that he thus forgets the truth of recent history? “We had such a tariff" in 1873. Widespread bankruptcy followed, and for five years thereafter this country passed through the worst period of industrial depression and general business paralysis it has ever known. All over the land the highways were thronged with tramps. During all of that period “we had such a tariff,” but through the highly protected industries of the Senator's own State and of Pennsylvania resounded the cries of starving labor and the ratling volleys of Pinkerton guards repressing labor riots. Surely the Senator cannot have forgotten how all this reached its climax in the terrible scenes of 1877 and continued until his own party was forced temporarily to modify its policy? —New York World. What Makes Prosperity, To attribute the revival in business to the hope of a return of the Republican party to power and of a new era of McKinleyism is the worst of partisan fanaticism. If any professional tariff-monger imagines that the industrial world attributes the industrial movement to such a hope, let him go and ask the Carnegie Company and its fellow manufacturers, as well as the hundreds of thousands of workingmen whose wages have recently been advanced, and he will be told that the prosperity is due to conditions of which a prime factor is the confidence that the industrial peace will be disturbed by neither tariff nor financial legislaion. With these conditions party sentiment has nothing to do. The tariff idol lies prone, and the crowd of its worshippers is daily diminishing.—Philadelphia Record. Silke as Luxuries. The voice of McKinley is to be Invoked in favor of higher duties on silks. Cheap silks have become one of the fewluxuries of the thrifty poor, and a little group of manufacturers demand the right to tax them more for the indulgence. That there is no reason for it the record shows. Under all tariffs raw silk has been free. The present duty on manufactures of silk is 50 per cent This is exactly what it was under the Republican commission tariff of 1883-90. The McKinleyites raised it t 60 per cent A call for more than 50 per cent taxation on any article of clothing will never again be popular in this country.—New York World. Readers Who Believe Anything. An incorrigible Republican joker insists. with an air of gravity, that the advance in wages and revival of business are “a direct consequence of the restoration of the law-making power to the Republican party.” Is not the Senate a part of the law-making power—likewise the President? There are two elections between the Republicans and a restoration to power. Are wages really jumping up on that contingency? What sort of readers do the organs imagine that they have, anyway?— New Y'ork World. McKinley’s Views. At the latest reports Gov. McKinley's position on the silver question was still that the tariff is not a tax.—Louisville Courier-Journal.

ON A CATTLE KANCIL THEODORE ROOSEVELT'S WESTERN EXPERIENCES. Good Advice Which the Would Be Cowboy Should Take Under Kindly Consideration Theodore Roosevelt, President of the New Y’ork Board of Police Commissioners. writes on ranching topics to the Pittsburg Dispatch. He says I Probably every man who has had a ranch in the West has received a multitude of applications from peo- I pie who wish to get on that ranch i Most Easterners seem not to know that a oowboy’s business requires special training, and that a hardy, vigorous young fellow without any training can no more start in offhand as a cowboy than he could start offhand as a carpenter. Moreover, a man who isn’t a good cowboy is worse than a nuisance, because the average cowboy needs ten horses for his work, and if be d>>esn't do the work the ten horses are wasted. A man to lie proficient in the business must not only be a good horseman, but must be able to rope well. I to read brands, to understand cattle, and must have a good knowledge of plainscraft. Ordinarily the work does not imply long continued physical exertion, like the work of a woodchopper, but it is often very monotonous and it is also fraught with hardship and danger. Nevertheless, in the spring, summer and early fall, the life is a very exciting and pleasant one tor those who have mastered the work. There is an attraction in the wild, lonely country, and the entire freedom of an existence spent mostly on horseback. After one gets used to it the, rough little shack seems comfortable enough, and for much'of the year the ranch wagon is the cow puncher's home. To many a hardy, vigorous fellow the round up is ordinarily rather a picnic. The men are fed well, and though they do not have much sleep, yet the easiest of all forms of labor is sitting in the saddle; and the long rides in the morning to gather in the cattle, and the furious galloping and chasing round the herd when cutting out the beef steers and cows and calves in the afternoon, possess a very great charm for men fond of life in the open . Os course, even in summer there are unpleasant experiences. A stampede at night in a thunder storm is usually too erciting to be agreeable, and fighting fire is very wearing work, while there is always a liability to misadventure. A man may have now and then to make a dry camp; he may get injured I by an unusually vicious horse, or be : damaged in the rush of a stampeded herd, or be drowned in the quicksand of some treacherous plains river. Still, take it as a whole in good weather the life is pleasant enough. But in the iron winter work is very hard and very dangerous. The last roundups, which take place in November on the northern plain, are not agreeable. The nights are very long and the freezing misery of standing guard around a cattle herd does not tend to make them seem shorter. In fine weather nobody wants a tent; but it is not pleasant after twenty-four hours’ cold rain to toss the damp blankets on the sodden ground and creep into them. Os course, the tarpaulin has kept out most of the wet. but it does not keep out all, and then some nights there is a heavy snow fall, and when you throw back the tarpaulin in the morning the snow gets down the back of your neck, and much dexterity is needed while drawing on your hoots and trousers not to let the snow get into the blankets. The ground is like iron after the heavy frosts; and though the horses, being worn down and thin, are much less lively and vicious than in spring, yet if they do “act mean” they are more liable to slip and hurt themselves, and more apt to hurt their rider if they throw him. Early in December the last of the season’s work ends. Most of the cowboys are discharged, and they may then go into town, or build a little shack and hunt for a livelihood, or stay around the ranches, doing any odd job that turns up for their board. A few, however, are kept on to ride lines and keep track of the cattle in the snow. These men must needs be of vigorous constitution and thoroughly able to grapple with every exigency of plains hie, for they are certain to have some pretty rough experiences before spring if the winter is at all severe. In riding lines each man has a definite beat. Os course, in good weather the task is a perfectly easy one. The rider lets his pony shog along until he comes to the end of his beat. If any cattle have crossed the line, he sees their tracks, arid, following, rounds them up and drives :hem back into the country where it is desired they shall range during the winter. If no cattle come near the line, he simply goes to the end of his beat and comes back again. But if a blizzard catches him he may find it an almost impossible task to avoid getting lost. All landmarks are i shrouded from sight, and while the blizzard is in its height it is out of the question to make head against it. Os course if the day is a very bad one the rider won’t go out at all, but often he has to take his chances and the snow may begin to fall and the wind to blow just when he is at the furthest end of his beat. Then back he comes over the long stretches of sand colored, lifeless prairie sward as fast as his pony can go. The snow comes first in puffs and little drifts —not the soft flakes of an Eastern snow storm, but fine ■ ice dust which feels almost like sand when blown against the face. Heavier

and heavier grow the gusts, thicker and thicker the snow clouds, and. finally, the storm moans and shrieks and drives the icy flakes in almost level lines. The rider is then lucky if he can find his camp. Unless he knows exactly w here he is and unless the landmarks are very conspicuous it is out of the question for him to do so. His only resource is to drift before the storm, exactly as the caitie do, until he finally strikes i some sheltered place under the lee of a big rock or in a hollow where | there is a bunch of thick timber. > Here he will dismount, tie his horse (which shelters itself all that it can and then stands with drooping head, tail toward the wind), and himself eower down under the horse blankets in the most sheltered spot he can find. There is no small difficulty to light a tire, and indeed unless the shelter is good such a feat is impossible. Without any fire, if the cold is at all intense, the man's chances for life are not good, but often the blizzards blow over almost as quickly as they arise. As a rule the cow puncher, who is very shifty and full of expedients, turns up at the home ranch or the line camps * couple ot days later, perhaps a little frost bitten and certainly very hungry and uncomfortable, but not materially the worse for wear. However, there are occasions when even veteran plainsmen succumb. A year ago last winter two men thus died in a blizzard not very far from my ranch. They had stopped at a horse camp, and while there a terrific storm blew up. After a time there eaine a lull and the men thought the storin had broken. Accordingly they rode off, intending to make a ranch on the Deadwood trail, far to the south Not long after they had started the blizzard again began with increased fury. For weeks nothing was heard of the men. Then a rider hunting up strayed stock came across the body of one of them beside tlie body of his horse. They had been drifting before the storm until they finally came to a wire fence. By this time the man, in his effort to keep himself from freezing, was walking and he must have got separated from his horse, which was a little distance from him. Both were brought up by the wire fence exactly as cattle arcbrought up, and there they stood and froze to death precisely as cattle do under similar circumstances. The man stood with his hands on the t pmost wire, leaning straight forward, and in this position he had remained from the moment that the last spark of life flickered out in his breast until he was found. The horse had fallen down. The other man never was found, but his horse was discovered by a round up wagon which went down on the Cannon Ball river, about one hundred and fifty miles off. One day the saddle band was joined out on the prairie by a horse with something queer on its back. The animal was very wild and difficult to approach, though it seemed weak, and it was some time before the cow punchers got their ropes on it. Its bridle was torn off. The saddle still held, but it had been shifted and came down underneath it, and the cinches had cut deeply into th i back. It was taken off, and the horse driven along with the saddle band, but it did not live to read) home, for one morning it was too weak to rise, and the round up wagon left it. Happenings of this sort are not uncommon in the life of every ranchman in the Northern cattle country, and before any man takes up the business he should be sure that he has the courage and the constitution to stand the terrible strain of ranch work in winter weather. Tale of a Post's Woe A certain weekly newspaper in Vienna had until recently upon its staff a tame poet who had to contribute verses to every number dealing with current topics in a smart, epigrammatic way. His salary, according to St Paul’s, was a sum equivalent to about $lO a month, and he was content with this small remuneration so long as he was the "only poet” of this particular paper. When, however, he began to find its columns desecrated by the rhymes and epigrams of rivals in the same line of business, he addressed repeated appeals and protests to his editor; and then, finding (as most of us have done in our time) that this ccurse was utterly useless, he decided to strike. But he omitted to give notice of his intention, so the editor brought an action against him and claimed damages. The idea of an editor going to law with a contributor because the latter refuses Jo go on contributing is a little difficult to grasp. Fortunatelj’ for the poet the court decided that the paper would really suffer no harm from the cessation of the defendant’s contributions, and he got a verdict which was satisfactory to his pocket but not very complimentary to his verses. Bound to Do His Duty. A Newark (N. J.) politician has concentrated upon himself the ridicule of his associates because he discovered two dogs fighting in the street and arrested the aggressor, and actually locked the anim.il in u cell in the station house. Electric Water Works. The water works at Canandaigua, N. Y..will be operated by electricity, the power station being located on Canandaigua Lake, three and one- : half miles from the pumping station. The capacity is estimated at I,(JOO,. I 000 gallons per day each.

NOTES AND CCMMENIS. result of the increase in the nrile of petroleum throughout GerP AhJ been to cause inventors to ma * y the - -elves to attempting to devise some sort of a substitute for, the staple. A photogiuph album will be je’ ?Mhfpro%H local option bill is if the propcs a clauge Jn th[g btlTprovides that evwy °“ e '^ll of habitual drunkenness shall W photographed at his own expense. . and e’vtrv saloonkeeper in the dis- . triet where he lives must be supphed with a copy. Brooklyn’ has < ‘ st,W , to^ e u i * h wate r tower, sixty-five feet high, as a part of the tire department equip-. ment of that city. It is mtended to counteract the evils attendant upon the erection of enormously high buildings that are now becoming a most serious menace to life iln^ pr< ’ p ' erty in all the large commercial cities of the country. It is often supposed that boys in growing keep ahead of girls; but recent measurements disprove this, i The boys, up to their eleventh year. | were found to run about a quarter to half an inch taller than the girls. They were then overtaken by the ( girls' who surpassed them in height till their sixteenth year, when the boys again grew faster than the girls, and came to the front. ‘ We New Englanders.” says the Zion's Herald, ' have been talking many years about annexing various parts of Canala, but they are in reality turning the tables upon us. Nova Scotia, for instance, is annual y annexing New England. If you go down to Nova Scotia in July or August you will be convinced that there can hardly be a New Englander left at home —that is a New Englander of the better sort—you will find so many Massachusetts schoolma'ams, and Boston doctors, and clergymen, and writers, and other professional people from New England and New York down there.” The New Y’ork Sun is glad to hear of the revival of silk-worm culture in Georgia, and hopes that those engaged in this business will prosecute it with greater perseverance than did their predecessors. The trouble is not a lack of perseverance, but that industry in this country has so far found more profitable employment than in tending silk worms The work is not difficult, but the pay is very small, and so long as the Old World can do this work so much more cheaply than we it will make ; silk production unprofitable here, i Cheap as cotton has been and yet is. the growing of cotton pays better than does the care and feeding of silk worms. It is said that the future prosperity of many portions of the State of Washington depends upon finding some feasible method of exterminating the myriads of squirrels that infest the State Traps, guns. bombs, arsenic and strychnine are being extensively employed for the purpose The bombs operate on the same prin- 1 cipie as the giant powder cones now in general use, except that they are charged with sulphur and other paralyzing ingredients, and at the close of the process a slight explosion occurs, producing a pyrotechnic display that sends the victims off to | squirrel heaven in a blaze of glory, so to speak, from beneath the depths of the earth. A MABVELOVS story is that which comes from Arizona, where a few months ago some prospectors in the Bradshaw Mountains came upon a

cliff dwellers’ village in one of the ! most inaccessible canons of that ' range, the largest village of the kind ever yet discovered. Several of the ! houses were explored aud large quan- ! tities of pottery and some instrumeats. evidently used for cultivating the soil, were found. In one, the skeleton of a man, not over 4 feet 8 inches in height, was discovered. The ■ canon at this place is half a mile wide, and shows evidence of having been cultivated. If this theory proves to be true, it will throw more I light on the habits of this little ' known people. So far as known, no I other evidence has been discovered of cliff dwellers having cultivated the ! soil. The largest railway map in the I world has just been mounted in the Broad street station of the Pennsvi- ■ vania Railroad, at Philadelphia. ’lt I was made by the American Bank >ote Company, of New York, and is 112 feet a inches long by 15 feet high, and includes the I nited States from the Atlantic to the Pacific, between Norfolk on the south and the Great Lakes on the north, giving a comp.cte repi-.-sentation of the PennsyJvama Ra.lroad, its leased lines and western connections. A railway map of such colossal dimensions has never before been attempted, much lessl to a successful completion I and when the final touches were Siveu the work before an admiring crowd, gathered from many parts of the country, it was conceded that the ' beautifu. painting was worthy of! ranking among the most interestin'Sights of Philadelphia. Here is a fact to astound oneeven the reader that may be old enough to vouch for its authenticity 1845 f| he e h e w Science Review: I n 1840 (but half a century ago, when only 2,000 or 3,000 miles ol raiFroad lines had been operated in our mother country, a slender pamphlet of thirty, our pages, bearing, even at tw time, the familiar name of “Bra.l-i shaw. was more than sufficient to contain the time tables of all'the trams of Great Britain. I n hr) l Queen X ictoria refused to travel bv railway, and it is recorded m Prince

Albert that, In going to Windsor. h* was wont to say, "Not quite so fast, next time. Mr. Conductor, if VOB please.” Tn our own country maaj are still living who have watched the development of the greatest railway system in the world, who have seen ' the steady and amazing advance from Peter Cooper's locomotive, weighin. less than a ton. which, with difficulty 8 outstripped in speed a gray horse, to locomotives weighing more than seventy-five tons, which easily raa sixty, and can even exceed seventy miles an hour. Moreover, in the life of the present generation, the railI roads in the United States have been quadrupled in mileage; they hare attained to the enormous proportions of two hundred thousand miles; they have cost close upon tea billion dollars; they employ more than a million men. and they run more than a million cars, which is to sav that stretched out in a straight line with locomotives and tender-, they would form a train more than seven thousand miles long. A STUPENDOUS FEAT. Reclaiming 750 Square Mo»a Land Now Under Water. One of the most stupendous feats in engineering which the world has i ever seen is proposed by the people of Holland, being nothing less than the reclamation of the waters submernd by the ZuyderZee The scheme i! i carried out, will result in recovering about 750 square miles of land now under water and will add a new province to the country. It is estimated that the work will cos’ over $l3O- - and will require 33 years of constant labor The Dutch Government has recently received a favorable report on the plans from the Koval commission appointed to look into the project, and it is reported that tne government and many of the leading citizens of Holland consider the scheme practicable In the expansion of territory in the increase ■ of trade and agriculture, and in the giving to thousands of people the opportunity of profitable employment the project, though a stupendous and very costly one. will be one that i will recommend itself to most Hoilanders. The work proposed to be done consists. first, of the construction of st extensive embankment from almost the extreme point of North Holland to the Friesland coast, so as to shut out the ocean from all further access I to the ZuyderZee; and second, of I the formation, by means ot further I embankments, of four g.eat poll- I era” on different parts ot the shores of the Zuyder Zee for the purposes of land reclamation. It is estimated i that the capital value of the land to j be reclaimed, for agricultural pup | poses, will be over sl3s.<««> There is one important point which I has been raised by the objectors to I the plan, and that is that its consummation will practically destroy the Zuyder Zee fisheries, the revy nues of which now average about s<>o,ooo per year, employment being i given through these fisheries to i 5 persons, and 1,500 vessels. To com- ’ 1 pensate the fishermen for their loss ’ the Royal commission proposes u give to every man thus deprived of s ! means of livelihood a new vessel suitable for the North Be* - r ••■ ■' further to insure them against act: i dent, to pansion old fishermen and a | exempt from harbor dues all the e.-as: owned by them. It is believed : . Holland that after the settlement| the secondary questions the g'q ernment will at once order the greti g work of reclaiming these landaus--, water to be begun.

A New Violet. While exploring in the Cursi' Mountains during last summer fessor Lloyd, of Forest Grove, covered a new violet It is a seaplant with a delicate white " «• with translucent petals ssdr*' in wet mossy places. He has ns: it Viola Macloskeyi in honor o’ • preceptor in biology at Princeton. Appearances Are Deceitful. - I It did look queer, but — I * Edward was behind. ~ Aquantity of gold bear r-”' been found in a well in the ■ Fort Smith, Arkansas.