Decatur Democrat, Volume 37, Number 38, Decatur, Adams County, 8 December 1893 — Page 2

©he Democrat DKCATUII, IND. ■, MaOCTURN, . • • PVBt,i>nra If the asinnis on:y played football, whut a full-back the dromedary would make! Tub trouble into which Prince Knwiilltchlff has fallen in St Louis erves him right He should have known lietlcr than to go to a town where theydon’t know a real prince from a barber baron. Joe Jefferson was enjoying a quiet dinner at the Delmonico when that New York crank fired in through the window. There will be a realistic touch in his Bob Acres hereafter that L? has never been able to impart to it heretofore When a well-known character was told that the people of Erance were rebeHlous because they had no bread she asked: “Why do not they eat cake?’ Since a new method has been found for dispensing with a cook and the kitchen Are, instead of seek ng a way to abolish poverty the question should be, Why do you not get a chafing dish? Tub English language, like the Anglo-Saxon race, goss fifth conquering an to conquer. Ths German scholar, Prof. Scheer, has just confirmed the dictum of Mr, Girdstone that our mother tongue is the coming world-speech. During this century the English-speaking population >of the globe has risen from less than 25,000,000 to more than 125,000,000 —an increase without precedent An Illinois murderer sentenced to be hanged asked the Sheriff for "lots to eat” 1 efore the time came for the execution It appears that the fear of death does not at least take away a man’s appetite, and he always seems to sleep well on the night previous to his taking off. The man with a dear conscience, who sleeps only at intervals and who cannot eat a 1 "square meal” once a week, may take to reflecting on these facts, but ; be should not think on them too long lest he become a criminal merely for ( the benefit of his health. i The New York newspapers are in a state of mind because one man—just one man—was run down and • killed by a Broadway cable car last week. One paper is inclined to be- ; lieve that * the cable system is too dangerous for use in this city.” Poor unfortunates they haven’t fairly tasted the bitter cup yet! Let the New Yorkers wait till the juggernaut «gets fairly going. There are no tunotls on Broadway or Third avenue to furnish real first-page sensations such j as they have in Chicago, but dangerpuscrossings abound. If, after the cable car, begin running full time, the death list does not average one a day instead of one a week the good people of New York may conclude . that they’Sre under the especial pro-1 tection of providence. Free mail delivery has been in operation experimentally for the past two years in forty-six towns and villages varying from 800 to 4,000 inhabitants. The results are not encouraging to the belief that free deli.ery in country places will result in a large increase of business. It will pretty certainly result in an increase of postal expenditures by 120,000,000 or more, and then not give very good accommodation to the rural public. First Assistant Postmaster General Jones has had charge of this delivery, and be will recommend that it be suspended at the close of the fiscal year. The postal revenues last year increased nearly $5,000,000, or seven per cent. The improvement of country roads is for the present a more practical benefit to the farming population than would be carrying their mail to them through the mud. If there were good roads going for the mati.yvould be only a pleasure. Farmers are shut up at home too much as it is, and this isolation is what drives so many of them to the cities and large villages for companionship — American Cultivator. When the announcement was made that the Czar of Russia took 300 1 trunks with him on bis recent visit' to Copenhagen some surprise was ex-1 pressed that his Majesty was so well supplied with funds as to justify such an array of baggage. It had been supposed that money was pretty tight in St* Petersburgh. In fact, the recently developed affection of Russia for France was thought to have a money-borrowing side to it. It appears, however, according to a presumably veracious London paper that the Czar has never been short of .funds. When threatened with financial stringency he simply put into operation a law providing for the seizure of 75 per cent, ot the money transmitted to or by his subjects through the malls. The subjects get

government bonds for these forced loans, and thus the exchequer jis replenished. The fact that Russian | bonds are about as desirable an in- 1 vestment as stock'’in the late Chicago Spectatorium has nothing to do With the case. The Empire would be - shaken to the foundation if the Czar bad to start for Copenhagen with only •Mi) trunks. , Train robberies have set the able editors writing about the desirability of • Federal statute for the punishr"*Wt Os this form of brigandage.

There is no objection to uih an tnactment, but it would probably do no particular good. Train robbers are the most desperate class pf criminals. Burnlars and icvcn highwaymen seldom meet with vigorous armed resistance. Their victims are confused or frightened and unable to act quickly and intelligently. But when train robbers attack an express car they know that they are likely to be met by armed men, v igilant and determined andon the alert for just such attacks. They take these chances deliberately and they stake their lives on the wage of battle. They care nothing about laws—State or federal. They kill or are killed, and they know that if captured they need expect no mercy. For such men a Federal statute has no more terrors than a State enactment .has They don't know the difference, and if they did know they wouldn’t care. They are gamblers who stake their lives against a rich haul of plunder, and If they are to be hanged they will care but little whether a Deputy Sheriff or a United States Marshal springs the trap, Such men are not to be deterred from crime by the mAne ot the Federal Government or by anything else short of cold lead in allopathic doses.—Chicago Herald. The larger the number of German battalions the louder the cry of the German Emperor for peace. The more he arms the greater his protest that he is without a hostile purpose. The reichstag called together anew has been addressed by the German Emperor in person. Without compunction he informs them and through them the country that he proposes to tax further for the maintenance of armies. In his speech from the throne he says that "Germany’s foreign relations are unchanged. The country continues in the closest friendship with allied powers who with us follow common, peaceful aims. Germany’s allies also maintain peaceful relations with all the powers." The dullest intelligence discerns the hollowness of these pretensions. More than ever Germany is an armed camp, more than ever its people are burdened by the mighty cost of maintaining a vast standing army withdrawn from the fields of gainful pursuit and eating the bread jaf idleness. Talking peace to the National Legislature the Emperor upon the same day took part in a different scene. The troops from barracks in and about Berlin were massed about the castle and required to take an oath bf allegiance, a ceremony in which both Protestants and Cattiolic chap'ains, nominally servants of the Prince of Peace but actually in the pay and entirely subservient to the Prince of war, assisted. . The remarks of the Emperor to these troops showed his belief that he is in fact absolute as a monarch.* “You have sworn tome allegiance,” he said, "by the Fahneneid, and you are bound to serve me by land or water." Even in this army, where individuality is dwarfed by the necessities of military discipline, there must have been at least mental dissent against the proposition that the e great masses ot troops were held together for no other purpose than to serve an Emperor. Some of th m must have held the opinion that their service was primarily to the State. But wherever militarism is the rule the absolutist flour ishes. Too Cautions. A striking instance of an effort at self-protection which was carried to an egotistical, selfish extreme, and which brought about its own severe punishment, is related by the author of a narrative of curious incidents of the French Revolution. The father of Gueau de Reverseaux had been a distinguished lawyer, and through his Influence he held important offices under the Government When the Revolution b gan he gave up his office at La Rochelle, and retired to Chartres. From the time that the Revolution began Gueau de Reverseauk devoted his attention exclusively to preserving his own safety. He wrote no letters, he would receive no letters; he saw no visitors, and paid no visits; he spoke to no person, and allowed no one to come near him. It would have been impossible to be more prudent than he was. However, he wanted some sheds builton his farm near Chartres, and I ventured to consult a carpenter. The | carpenter told him that lie could not ' undertake the work immediately, as Gueau de Reverseaux wished, because ' most of his workmen were drafted to ‘ join the army at once. ■ Gueau dejßeverseaux replied, "The | workmen need pot go; the}' can send I substitutes.” This remark was heard by the ■ : workmen, but only the first phrase . | made any impression on them. Thcv .' reported everywhere that Monsieur I Gueau de Reverseaux, who must ’ | be good authority, had sa d that they ; I need not go. The news went to ’ i headquarters that Gueau de Rever- ■ seaux declared that the drafted work- > men need not obey the government. , This was considered to be conspiracy, ’ and he was condemned to death. He was at once taken to the Conciergerie J prison, and he paid tor his selfish t folly with his life.

Girl and Fiddle in the Organ.f The Rev. Dr. Wild preached at I Western Congregat onal Church the other evening. During the offertory a small surprise was worked on the congregation. The sweet sound of a violin came from somewhere—no one seemed to know exactly where. • though the fact that the organist was playing a soft accompaniment led many to believe that he was do- , ing it himself. It transpired, though, ’ that the hidden solo st was Miss Lena Hayes, who had taken up a position ■ inside the organ itself. The effect was very fine.— Toronto News.

MESSAGE TO CONGBESS. The President Submits His Annual Address. REVIEW OF AFFAIRS. HAWAII TO RECEIVE ATTENTION LATER. • Our Relation# with Foreign Power#— Finance* of the Government—Work of the Several Departments—Advise# Delay in Dealing: with the Currency Subject— PaNage of the Wilson Tariff Measure I# Recommended— Course of the Pension Bureau Approved, Etc. President Cleveland’s message to the Fifty-third Congress in regular session was delivered to that body without delay on its assemblage at Washington. The organization of both branches having been effected at the late special session, there was nothing to interfere with the regular order of business. The message is of unusual length, exceeding in this respect Mr. Cleveland's famous address of 18,85. A considerable part of the document is devoted to the Wilson tariff bill, silver purchase repeal, and the subject of pensions. Hawaiian matters are but briefly touched upon, the President indicating that he will submit a special message on this complication later. The message reads as follows: To the Congrene of the United States: The constitutional duty which requires the President from time to time to qlve to the Congress information of the state ot the Union, and recommend to their consideration snoh measures as be shall judge necessary and expedient, is fittingly entered upon by commending to the Congress a careful examination of the detailed statements and well supported recommendations contained in the reports of the heads of departments, who are chiefly charged with the executive work of the Government. In an effort to abridge this communication as much as is convenient with its purpose I shall supplement a brief reference to the contents of these departmental reports by the mention of * uch executive business and iucldents as are not embraced therein, and by such recommendations as appear to be at this particular time appropriate. While our foreign relations have not at all times during the past year been entirely free from perplexity, no embarrassing situations remain that wUI not yield to the spirit of fairness and love ot justice, which, joined with consistent firmness, characterise a truly American foreign policy. My predecessor having accepted the office of arbitrator of the longstanding missions boundary dispute, tendered to the President by the Argentine Republic and Brazil, it has been my agreeable duty to receive the special envoys commissioned by those states to lay befor me evidence and arguments in behalf of their respective governments. Relations with Brazil. The outbreak of domestic hostilities in the Republic of Brazil fonnd the United States alert to watch the interests ot our citizens in that country, with which we carry on important commerce. Several vessels of our new navy aze now, and for some time have been, stationed at Rio de Janeiro. The struggle being between the established Government, which controls the machinery of administration, and with which we maintain friendly relations, and certain officers of the navy employing the vessels of their command in an attack upon the national capital and chief seaport, I have failed to see that the insurgents can reasonably claim recognition as belligerents. Thus far the position of our Government has been that of an attentive but Impartial observ r of the unfortunate conflict. Emphasizing our fixed policy Os impartial neutrality in such a condition of •flairs as now exists, I deemed it necessary to disavow, in a manner not to be misunderstood, the unauthorized action of the late naval commander in those waters in saluting the revolted Brazilian Admiral, being indisposed to countenance an act calculated to give gratuitous sanction to the local insurrection. Chilian Complications. The convention between our Government and Chili, having for its object the settlement and adjustment ot the demands of the two conntrles against each other, has been made effective by t .e organization of the Claims Commission provided for. The two governments falling to agree upon the third member of the commission, the good offices of the President ot the Swiss republic were invoked, as provided in the treaty, and the selection ot the Swiss representative in this country to complete the organization was gratifying alike to the United States and Chili. The vexatious question of so-called legation asylum for offenders against the state and its laws was presented anew in Chili by the unauthorized action of the late United'States Minister in receiving into his residence two persons who had just failed in an attempt at revolution and against whom criminal charges were pending, growing out of a former abortive disturbance. A temperate demand having been made by the Chilian Government for the correction of this conduct in the instance mentioned, the minister was Instructed no longer to harbor the offenders. Registration of Chinese. The legislation of last year, known as the Geary law, requiring the registration of all Chinese laborers entitled to residence in the United States, and the deportation of all not complying with the provisions of the act within the time prescribed, met with much opposition from Chinamen in this country. Acting upon the advice of eminent counsel that the law was unconstitutional, the great mass of Chinese laborers, pending judical inquiry as to its validity, in good faith declined to apply for the certificates required by its provisions. A teat case upon proceedings by habeas eorpns was brought before the Supreme Court, and on May IS, 1893, a decision was made by that tribunal sustaining the law. It is believed that, under the recent amendment to the act extending the time for registration, the Chinese laborers thereto entitled who desire to reside tn thia country will now avail themselves ot the renewed privilege thus afforded of establishing by lawful procedure their right to remain, and that thereby the necessity ot enforcing deportation may to a great degree be avoided. It has devolved upon the United States Minister at Peking, as dean ot the diplomatic body, and in the absence of a representative of Sweden and Norway, to press upon the Chinese Government reparation for the recent murder of Swedish missionaries at Sung-Pa. This question is of vital interest to all countries whose citizens engage in missionary work in the interior. Costa Rica’s Friendliness. Cbeta Rica has lately testified its friendliness by surrendering to the United States, in the absence of a convention of extradition, but upon duly submitted evidence of criminality, a noted fugitive from justice. It is trusted that the negotiation of a treaty with that country to meet recurring cases of this kind will soon be accomplished. In my opinion treaties for reciprocal extradition should be concluded with all those countries with which the United States has not already conventional arrangements of that character. I have deemed it fitting to express to the governments of Costa Rica and Colombia the kindly desire of the United States to see their pendinr boundary dispute finally closed by arbitration in conformity with the spirit of the treaty concluded between them some years ago. Our relations with the French Republic continue to be intimate and cordial. I sincerely hope that the extradition treaty with that country, as amended by the Senate, will soon be operative. While occasional questions affecting our naturalized citizens returning to the land of their birth, have arisen in our intercourse with Germany, our relations with that country continue satisfactory. Relations with Great Britain. The questions affecting our relations with Great Britain have been treated in a spirit of friendliness. Negotiations are in progress between the two Governments with a view to such - concurrent action as will make the award and regulations agreed upon by the Behring Sea . tribunal of arbttrauon practically effective; '’, and . it is not doubted that Great ' Britain will co-opetate freely with this counr try for the accomplishment of that purpose. The dispute growing out of the discriminating '■ tolls imposed in the Welland Canal upon carl goes of cereals bound t > and from the lake ports of the Units d States was adjusted by the ■ substitution of a more equitable 'schedule of charges, and my predecessor thereupon suspended his proclamation Imposing descrimi- “ natlng tolls upon British transit through our t canals. A request for additions to the list of extraditable offenses covered by the existing treaty between the two countries is under ' consideration. 1 During the past year an American citizen, j emp'jyed in a subordinate commercial posl- . tioo k> Hayti, after suffering a protracted imv prisAunsut on an unfounded charge ot smuggling. was finally liberated on judicial exam-

Imtton. Upon urgent representation to the Haytian Government., a suitable Indemnity was paid to the sufferer. „ ~. Upon reoeiv>ng authentic information of the tiring upon an American mail steamer touching at the port ot Amapala, be.auae her oaptun refused to deliver up a passenger from ‘ Nicaragua to Guatemala, upon demand of the i military authorities ot Honduras, our Minister I . to that country under instruo.lons protested against the wanton act and demanded satisfaction. The government of Honduras, actuated by a sense of justice and In a spirit of the utmost friendship, promptly disavowed the Illegal conduct of its officers and expieased sincere regret for the occurrence. Interest lu Liberia. A notnble part ot the southeasterly coast ot Liberia between the Gavaliy and nan Pedro Rivers, which for nearly hair a century has been generally reoognlaed as belonging to that republic by cession and purchase, has been claimed to be under the protectorate of France tn virtue of an agreement entered into by the native tribes over whom Liberia's control nas not been well maintained. More recently negotiations between the Liberian representative and the French Government resulted in the signature at I'arl- ot a treaty whereby as an adjustment certain Liberian territory ia cedi d to Francs. This convention at last advices had not been ' ratified by the Liberian 1 legislature and executive. Our relations with Mexico continue to be of that close and friendly nature which should always characterize the intercourse of two neighboring republics. The work of relocating the monuments marking the boundary between the countries from Paso del Norte to the Pacific ts now nearly completed. The oommission recently organized under the conventions ot 1884 and 1888, it is expected, will apeed- ' iiy settle disputes growing ont of the shifting currents of the Rio Grande River east of El Paso. Nicaragua and the Canal. Nicaragua has recently passed through two : revolutions, the party at first successful having in turn been displaced by another. Our newly appointed Minister, by his timely good offices, aided in a peaceful adjustment of the controversy involyed in the first conflict. The > large American interests established in I that country in connection with the | Nicaragua Canal were not molested. The canal company has unfortunately become financially seriously embarrassed, but a generous treatment has been extended to It by the Government of Nicaragua. The United I States are especially interested in the successful achievement of the vast, undertaking thia company has in charge. That it should be accomplished under distinctively American auspices. and its enjoyment assured not only to the vessels of this country as a channel ot communication bi tween our Atlantic and Pacific seaboards, but to the ships of the world in the int.rests of civilization, is a proposition which, in my judgment, does not admit of question. —, — Gautemala has also been visited by the po--1 litical vicissitudes which have afflicted her . Central American neighbors; but the dlssolu- ; tlon of Its legislature and the proclamation of I a dictatorship have been unattended with civil l war. I An extradition treaty with Norway has rel eently been exchanged and proclaimed. The extradition treaty with Russia signed in March. 1887, and amended and confirmed by the Senate in February last, was duly proclaimed last June. Triple Protectorate of Samoa. Led by a desire to compose differences and contribute to the restoration of order in Samoa, which for some years previons had been the scene of. conflicting foreign pretentions and native strife, the United States, departing from its policy consecrated by a century of observance, entered four years ago -into the treaty of B.rlin, thereby becoming jointly bound with England and Germany to establish and maintain Malletoa Laupepi as King of Samoa- Early in the life of this triple protectorate, the native dissentions it was designed to quell revived. Quite lately, at the request of the other poweis, and in fulfillment of its treaty obligation, this Government agreed to unite >n a joint military movement of such dimensions ae would probably secure the surrender of the Insurgents without bloodshed. The warship Philadelphia was accordingly put under orders for Samoa, but before she arrived the threatened conflict was precipitated by King Malletoa'a attack upon the insurgents' camp. Mataaia was defeated and a number ot men killed. The British and German naval vessels present subsequently secured the surrender of Mataaia and his adherents. This incident and the events leading up to it signally illustrate the impolicy of entangling alliances with foreign powers. Claims Against Spain. More than fifteen years ago this Government preferred a daim against Spain in behalf of one of our citizens for property seized and confiscated in Luba. In 1886 the claim was adjusted, Spain agreeing tc pay unconditionally as a fair indemnity $1,500,0u0. A respectful but earnest note was recently addressed to the Spanish Government insisting upon a prompt fulfillment ot its long neglected obligation. Other claims, p:eferred by the United States against Spain in behalf of American citizens for property confiscated in Cuba, have been pending for many years. At the time Spa n's title to the Caroline Islands was confirmed by arbitration, that Government the rights which had been acquired thereby American missionaries should be recognized and respected. The reproduced caravel, Santa Marla, built by Spain and sent to the Columbian Exposition, has been presented to the United States in token of amity and in commemoration ot the event it was designed to celebrate. I recommend that, in accepting this gift, Congress make grateful recognition of the sincere friendship which prompted it American Missions In Turkey. Important matters have demanded attention in onr relations with tha Ottoman Porte. The firing and partial destruction, by an unrestrained mob, of one of the school buildings of Anatolia College, established by citizens of the Unltod States at Marsovan, and the apparent indifference of the Turkish Government to the outrage, notwithstanding the complicity of some of its officials, called for earnest remonstrance, which was followed by promises of reparation and punishment of the offenders. Indemnity for the injury to the building* has already been paid, permission to rebuild given, registration of the school property in the name of the American owners secured, and efficient protection guaranteed. Hawaiian Situation. It is hardly necessary for me to state that questions arising from our relations with Hawaii have caused serious embarrassment. Just prior to the installation Os the present administration the existing government of Hawaii had been suddenly overthrown and a treaty of annexation had been negotiated between the Provisional Government of the Islands and the United States and submitted to the Senate for ratification. This treaty I withdrew for examination, and dispatched the Hon. James H. Blount, of Georgia, to Honolulu, as especial commissioner to make an impartial investigation of the circumstances attending the change of government, and of all the conditions bearing upon the subject of the treaty. After a thorough and exhaustive examination Mr. Blonnt submitted to me his report showing beyond all question that the Constitutional Government of Hawaii had *heen subvened with the active aid of our representative to that Government, and through the intimidation caused by the presence of an armed naval force of the United States, which was landed for that purpose st the Instance of our Minister. Upon the facts developed it seemed to me the only honorable course for onr Government to pursue was to undo the wrong that had been done by those representing us, and to restore, as far as practicable, the status existing at the time of our forcible intervention. With a View of accomplishing this result within the constitutional limits ot obligations and responsibilities gr wing out , of any changed conditions brought about by onr unjustifiable interference, our present Minister at Honolulu has received appropriate instructions to that end. Thus far no information of the accomplishment of any definite results has been received from him. Additional advices are soon expected. When received they will be promptly sent to the Congress, together with all other information at hand, accompanied by a special executive message fully ; detailing all the facts necessary to a complete understanding of the case, and presenting a history of all the material events leading up [ to the present t ituatlon. Arbitration of National Disputes. 1 By a concurrent resolution, passed by the ' Senate Feb. 14, I’9o, and by the House of Rep- ! resentatives on the :id of April following, the President was requested "To Invite from ; i time to time, as fit occasions may arise, negotiations with any government with which the United States has or may have diplomatic relations, to i the end that any differences or disputes arising between the two governments which can not be adjusted by diplomatic agency may be referred to arbitration and be peacea- ’ bly adjusted by snch means. "April 18, 1890. the International American Lonfer- ; ence of Washington, by * resolution, expressed the wish that all controversies between the republics of America and the nations of Europe might be settled by arbitra--1 tlon, and recommended that the government of each nation represented in that conference should communicate this wish to all friendly i powers. A favorable response has been ret ceived from Great Britain in the shape of a ■ resolution adopted by Parliament July 16 last, i .cordially sympathizing with the purpose in 1 Vi The monetary conference which assembled ■ at Brussels, upon onr Invitation,was adjourned t to the soth oay of November in the present . year. The considerations jnst stated, and the fact that a definite proposition from us seemed r to be expected upon the re assembling ot the - conference, led me to express a willingness to * have the meeting still further postponed . It seems to me that it would be f wise to give general authority to the . President to invite other nations to . snch a conference at any time when there r should be a fair prospect of accomplishing an international agreement on the subject or - coinage. I desire also to earnestly suggest z the wisdom of amending existing statutes m r regard to the Issuance of Government bonds. The authority now vested in the Secretary of the Treasury to Issue bonds is not as clear as i it should be. and the bonds authorized are dto- - advantageous to the «overnment both asto the time of their maturity and rate of inter- * Ml

National Quarantine. The admonitlona of the laet two years touching our public heal ih, and the demonstrated danger of the introduction of contagious diseases from foreign ports has invested the subject of national quarantine with increased interest. A more general and hamion one system than now existH acting promptly and directly everywhere, and constantly operating by preventive means to shield our country from the invasion ot disease, and st the same time having due regard to the rights and duties of local agencies would, I believe, add greatly to Uo safety of our people. Peace Within Our Borders. Neither Indian outbreaks nor domestic violence have called the army into service during the year, and the only active military duty required of it has been in the department ot Texas, where violations ot the neutrality laws of the United Stat.'s aud Mexico were promptly and efficiently dealt with by the troops, eliciting the warm approval of the civij and military authorities ot both countries. The adoption of battalion lor mat lon for intan'ry regiments, the strengthening of the artillery forces, the abandonment of small and unneoesa ry po-ta. aud the massing ot the ti oops at important aud accessible stations, all promise to p omote the usefulness of the army. In the judgment of army officers, with but few exceptions, the operation ot the law forbidding the re*eollstinent ot men after ten years of service has no*, proved its wisdom, and while the arguments that, led to its adoption were not without merit, the experience ot the year constrains me to join in the recommendation for its repeal. I’urcha.e of Silver. ’ The purchases ot silver under the law of July 14, itwo, during the last fiscal ye a aggregated 64.,008,1U2.6'J fine ounces, which cost |4A,631.874,63. The total amount ot Oliver purchased from the time that tax bcoame operative until the repeal of Its purchasing olause on ths Ist day ot Novembe , H 93, was 168,674,69 .46 fine onnoes, which cost )16A,990.94i'.84. Between the Ist day of March. 1873, and the Ist day ot November, 1-93, the Government pure aaed under all laws 603,1X4,717 fine ounces of silver at a ooet of grJC. 1 33,31“. The silver d liars that have been coined under the act of July 14, 1-W, number 36,087,386. The seigniorage arising from such coinage was $6,977,098.33, leaving on hand , tn the mints 1a>,6x9,760 fine ounces of silver, which cost 6126,768,318. Our total coiuage ot all metals during the last fiscal year consisted of 97,2 0,875 pieces, valued at *43,686,17<.80, ot which there was *30,03 i, 140 Ingold coin, 15,343,716 in eilver dollars, »7,217,220.90 in subsidiary eilver colne, and t 1.086.102.90 In minor coins. During the calendar year 1892 the productions ot i reclous metals in the United States was estimated to be 1.5M.376 fine ounoee of gold ot the oommeroial and coinage value ot 133.u 0.000 and 68,0c0,u0j mine ounces ot silver ot the bull on or market value of $60,760,000 and of the coinage value of $74,1)89,1100. It is estimated that on July 1.1893, the metallic stock ot money In the United States, consisting of coin and bullion, amounted to $1,213,559,109, of which $397,607.183 was gold and $615,861,484 was eilver. One hundred and nineteen national banks were organised during the year ending Oct. 31, 1893, with a capital ot $11,230,000, Forty-six went into voluntary liquidation and 168 suspended. Sixty-tlve of the suspended banks were insolvent, eighty-six returned business and seven remained In the hands of bank examlnera, with prospects of speedy resumption. Os the new banks organized forty-four were located in the Eastern States, forty-one weet of the Mississippi River, and thirty-four in the Central and southern States. The total number of national banks In existence on the 31st day of October, 1893, waa 3,796. having an agregate capital of $96,658,120. The net Increase In the circulation of these banka during the year was $36,886,972. The recent repeal of the provision of law requiring the purchase of silver bullion by tLe Government as a feature of our monetary scheme, has made an entire change in the complexion of our currency affairs. I do not doubt that the ultimate result of this action will be most salutatory and far-reaching. In the nature of things, however, it is impossible to know at this time precisely what conditions will be brought about by the change, or what, if any, supplementary legislation may. in the light of such conditions, appear to be essenti -1 or expedient. Os course, after the recent financial perturbation, time is necessary for the re-establlshmeut of business confidence. When, however, through thia restored confidence, the money which has been frightened into hoardlng-plaoce is returned to trade aud enterprise, a survey ot the situation will probably disclose a safe path leading to a permanently sound currency, abundantly sufficient to meet every requirement of our increasing population and business. In the f urault of this object we should resolutely urn away from alluring and temporary expedients, detetmlned to be content with notaing less than a lasting and comprehensive financial plan. In these clrcnmstanoes lam convinced that a reasonable delay in dealing with this subject, instead of being injuriotu, will increase the probability ot wise action. Sea Coasts Defenses. It is gratifying to note that we have begun to attain complete results in the comprehensive scheme of sea coast defense and f<. rtificatlon, entered upon eight years ago. At the end of the current calendar year the War Department will have nine 12-inch, twenty 10-lnch and thirty-four 8-inch guus ready to be mounted on gun-lifts, and carriage, and seven-ty-five 13-lnch mortars. The manufacture of heavy ordnance keeps pace with current needs; but to render those guns available for the purposes they are designed to meet, emplacements must be prepared for them. After much preliminary work and much exhausttve examination in aocordan >e with the requirements of the law, the board appointed to select a magazine rifle of modern type with which to replace the obsolete Springfield rifle of the infantry service, completed its labor i during the last year and t ie work of manufacturing is now in progress at the National Armory at Springfield. It is confidently expected th >t by the end of the current year onr intently will be enpplied with a weapon equal to that of the most progressive armies of the world. Postoffice Department. The report of the Poatmaeter General contains a detailed statement ot the operations of the Postoffk'o Department during the last fiscal year and much interesting information touching this Important branch of the public service. At a date when better times were anticipated it was es Imated by bls predecessor that the deficiency on the noth day of Jnne, 1893, would be but a little over a million and a half dollars. It amounted, however, to more than five millions. At the same time, and under the influence of like anticipations, estimates were made for the current fiscal year ending June 30, 1894, which exhibited a surplus of revenue over expenditures of $872,246.71; but now, in view of the actual receipts and expenditures during that part ot the current fiscal year already expired, the present Postmaster General estimates that at its close, instead of a surplus, there will be a deficiency ot nearly eight million dollars. Forty-two free delivery offices were added during the year to those already existing, making a total of 610 cities and towns provided . with free delivery on Jnne 30, 1893. Ninety-three other cities and towns are now entitled to this service under the law, bnt it has not been accorded them on ao count of insufficient funds to meet the expense of its erttrtiltahment. I decidedly j«f the opinion that the provisions ol the present law permit as general an introduction of this feature of mall serviceis necessary or justifiable, and that it ought not to be extended to wmaller communities than are now designated. The expense of free deliverr for the fiscal year ending June so. ISM, will be more than $11,000,060, and, under legislation now existing, there must be a constant increase in this item of expenditure. During the year 196 Internal money-order offices were added to those already provided, making a total of 2,408 in operation on June so, 1893. The number of international mo ey orders Issued during the year was 1,063,999, an increase over the preceding year of 72,523, and their value was $16,341,837.66, an increase of sl,221,606.31. The number of orders paid was 300,917, an increase over the preceding vear of 13,60 , and their value was $5,288,375.70, an increase Os $04,094.83. From the foregoing statements it appears that the total issue of money orders and postal notes for the year amounted to $156,821,348.24. The number of letters and packages mailed during the year for special delivery was 3.375,093, an increase over the preceding year of nearly 22 per cent. The special delivery stamps used upon these letters and parkages amounted to 2337,869.80 and the messengers' fees paid for their delivery amounted to $256,696.71, leaving a profit to the Government Os $80,976.59. , „ . I desire to commend as especially worthy ot prompt attention the suggestions of the Postmaster General relating to a more sensible and business-like organization and a better dletrlbutlon of responsibility in his department. Navy Department. During the past six months the demands for cruising vessels have been many and urgent. Progress in, the construction of new vessels has not been as rapid as was anticipated. There have been delays In the completion of unamiored vessels, but for the most part they have been snoh as are constantly occurring even in countries having the largest experience in naval ship-bulld-ing. The most serious delays, however, have been in the work upon armored ships. The trouble has been the failure of contractors to deliver armor as agreed. The difficulties s?em now, however, to have been all overcome, and armor Is being delivered with satisfactory promptness. The beoretary of the Navy recommends the anthorlzat on of at least one battleship and six torpedo boats. While lam distinctly in favor of consistently pn suing the policy we have Inaugurated of building up a thorough and efficient navy, loan not refrain from the suggestion that the Congress should carefully take into | account the number of unfinished vessels on i our hands and the depleted condition of our Treasury in considering the propriety of an appropriation at this time to begin new work. On the Pension Rolls. On tha 30th day of Jnne, 1893, there were on tha peasion rolls 966,012 names, an in-' crease of 89,944 over the number on the I rolls June i>, 1892. Os these there were i f 17 widows and daughters of revolutionary soldier*, 86 survivors of the war of 1812. i 5.426 widows of soldiers ot that war, 21,618 survivor# and widow# of tht Maxioan war, 8.881 survivors and 1 2*4 army nurses, and 475,645 . widows andchlldrimof dsesread soldiers art!

aai'oraof the war of the rebellfc*. The latter numlier represeme those pensioned on account ot disabilities or death resulting from army and navy Service. The number of persons rcmalnlug on the rolls Jnno 80. 18U3, who wero pensioned under the not ot June 27. IMM. whloh allows pcnsldbs on coconut ot death and disability not chargeable to any aorvloe, was 4 0.155. The number added to the rolla during the year waa 113,631 and ths number dropped was 8 ,6.>0. The first payrhents on pensions allowed during the year amounted to saei,76A.64i>.9ti. This inolndes arrears or the accumulation between the time from which the allowance ot the pension dates and the time of actually granting tbs certificate. Although the law of IMlopermlts pensions for disabilities not related to military service, yet, aa a requisite to its benefits, a disability must exist incapacitating applicants “from the performance ot manual labor to auoh a degree aa to render them unable to earn a support." The execution of this law in it* early stages does not seem to have been In aooord with its tine intention; but toward the olose ot the last administration an authoritative construction was given to the statute, and slues that time this construction has been followed. Thia has had the effect ot limiting the operations of the law to its Intended purpose. i The dleoo'ery usving been made that many names have been pnt upon the pension roll by means of wholesale an I gigantlo frauds, the Commissioner suspended payments upon a number of pensions which seemed to be fraudulent or unauthorised pendin z a complete examination, giving notice to the pone.oners in order that they mlgl t have an opportunity to establish, it possible, the justice of their claims, notwithstanding apparent Invalidity. This, 1 understand, 1 the practice whloh has for a long time prevailed in the Pension Bureau. But after entering upon thcee recent investigations, the Commissioner modified this rale so as not to allow, until after complete examination, Interference w th the payment of a pension apparently not altogether void, bat whloh merely had been fixed at a rate higher than that authorized by law. 1 am unable to understand why frau Is in the pension rolls should not be exposed and corrected wli h thoroughness and vigor. Every name fraudulently put upon these rolls is a wicked imposition upon the kindly sentiment ,In whtch pensions have their origin. Every frsdulent pensioner has beoome a bad oltlsen; every false oath la support of a pension has made perjury more common, and false and undeserving pensioners rob the people not only ot their money, but of the patriotic eentlmout whloh the survivors of a war, fought for the preservation of the Union, ought to inspire. Thousands of neighborhoods have their well-known fraudulent penaloners, and r*oent developments by the bureau establish appalling conspiracies to a- - h pension frauds. By no means the least wrong done is to brave and deserving pensioners, who certainly ought not to be condemned to snoh association. Those who attempt. in the line of duty, to rectify these wrongs, should not be accused of enmity or indifference to the claims of ho lest veterans. The sum expended on account of pensions for the year ending June St), 1893, was sl6, 5'),467.14. Ths Commissioner estimates that $166, 00.OT0 will be required to pay pensions during ths year ending June. 30. IDOL Indians and Their Fate. I am sure that secular education and moral and religious teaching must be Important factors In any effort to save the Indian and lead him to civilization. I believe, too. that the relinquishment ot tribal relations and the bolding of land in severalty may, in favorable conditions, aid this consummation. It seems to me, however, thst allotments ot land in severalty ought to be made with great oare and circumspection. If hastily done, before the Indian knows Its meaning. whUe yet he has little or no idea of tilling a farm and no conception of thrift, there 1s great danger that a reservation life tn tribal relatione may be exchanged for the panperiam of civilization, instead of its independenoe and elevation. The solution of the Indian problem depends very largely upon good administration. The personal fitness of agents and their adaptability to the peculiarities of oaring tor their wards Is of the utmost importance. There is danger of great abuses creeping into the prosecution of claims for Indian depredations, and I reoommend that every possible safeguard be provided against the enforcement of unjust and fictitious claims of this description. The Public Domain. The vast area of land which but a short time ago constituted the public domain is apIdly falling into private hands. It la certain that in the transfer the beneficent purpose at the Government to supply from Its domain homes to the industrious and worthy homeseekers is often frustrated. I concur with the Secretary in the belief that these outrages can not be entirely prevented without a change in the laws on the subjeit. and I hope his recoffimendatidns in that direction will be favorably considered. I especially commend to the attention of'the Congress the statements contained in the Secretary’s r< > >rt concerning forestay. Dep irtmont of Justice. The report of the Attorney General contains the usual summary of the affairs and proceedings ot the Department of Justice for the past year, together with certain recommendations as to needed legislation on various sub-, jeots. I can not too heartily Indorse the proposition that the. fee system as applicable to the compensation of United States Attorneys, Marshals, Clerks ot Federal Courts, and United States Commissioners. should be abolished with as little delay as possible. In my first message to Congress, oated December 8,18*6,1 strongly recommended these changes and referrred somewhat at length to the evils ot the present syetem. Since that time the criminal business ot the present Federal courts and the expenses attending It have enormously increased. It is therefore apparent that the reasons given in 1885 for a change In the manner of enforcing the Federal criminal law, have gained oogency and strength by lapse ot time. I also heartily Join the Attorney General in recommending legislation fixing degrees of the crime of muroer within Federal jurisdiction, as has been done in many ot the States; authorizing writs of error on behalf of the Government in cases where final judgment is rendered against tuc sufficiency ot an indictment or against the Government upon any other question arising before actus trial; limiting the right of review in cases of felony punishable only by line and imprisonment to the Circuit Court of Appeals. and making speedy i revision for the construction of such prisons and reformatories as may be necessary for the confinement of United States convicts. Department of Agriculture. The report of the Secretary of Agriculture will be loand exceedingly interesting. During the first quarter of the present year the expenses of the department aggregated $345,876.76 as against $402,01X42 for the corresponding perlodof the fiscal year ending June 80, 1893, The Secretary makes apparent his intention to continue this rate of reduction by submitting estimates for the next fiscal year less by $994,-zao than those for the present year. The regulations of 1392 concerning Texas fever haye been enforced during the last year. While contagious pleuro-pueumonla in cattle has been eradicated and animal tuberculosis—a disease widespread and more dangerous to human life than plenro-pncu-monia—is still prevalent, investigations have been made during the past year aa to the meahsoflts corUtafuntcatlon and the method of its correct diagnosis. Much progress has been made in this direction by the studies of the division of knlmal pathology,’ but the work ought to be extended in co-operation with load authorities, until the danger to human life arising from this cause is reduced to # minimum. I join the Secretary in recommending that hereafter each applicant for the position of Inspector or Assistant Inspeotorln the Bureau of Animal Industry bo required, as a condition precedent to bis appointment, to exhibit to the United States Civil Service Commission his diploma from an established, regular and reputable veterinary college, and that this be supplemented by such an examination in veterinary science as the commission may prescribe. Economy in Seeds. In the year 1863 Congress appropriated sl,<X>o, to be taken from the Patent Office funds for the purpose of collecting and distributing rare and improved varieties of seeds and for prosecuting agricultural investigations and procuring agricultural statistics. From this small beginning the seed division of the Department of Agriculture has grown to Its present unwieldy and unjustifiably extravagant proportions. During the last fiscal year the cost of seeds purchased was $66,54“.61. The remainder of an appropriation of $136,000 waa expended in putting them np end distributing them. It surely never could have entered the minds of those who flret sanctioned appropriations of public money tor the purchase of new and improved varieties of seeds for gratuitous distribution that f rom this would grow large appropriations for the purchase and distribution, by members of Congress, of ordinary seeds, bnlbs, and cuttings which are common in all the States and Territories, and every where easily obtainable at low prices. In view ot these facts, this enormous txpendltuta without legitimate returns of benefit ought to be abolished. Civil Service Reform. The continued intelligent execution of the Civil Service law and the Increasing approval by the people of its operation are most gratifying. The recent extension of its limitations and regulations to the employes at free delivery 'pbstoffices, whloh has been honestly and promptly accomplished by the Commission, with the hearty co-, operation of the Postmaster General, is an Immensely Important advance in the usefulness of ths system. I am, If possible, more i than ever convinced of the Incalculable bene-, I fits conferred bv the civil service law, not only ' In its effect upon the public service but also, what Is more important, In Its effect In elevating the tone of political life generally. Time to Cut Appropriations. •J Economy in public expenditures is a duty that cannot be innocently neglected by I those Intrusted with the control of money drawn from the people for public uses. It must be confessed that our apparently ond--1 less resources, the familiarity of our people I with immense accumulations of wealth, the growing sentiment among them that the expenditure of public money should in some i manner be to thetr immediate and advantage, the indirect and almost stealthy | manner In which a large part of onr taxes ■

&T*“ ne^T^ileta'‘Zlli necessaries of life and when enforced economy Is pressing upon tM great »'“»<>' countrymen, 1 dqslre to urge, with all «0 earnestness at my command, that * «'>«••• atonal legislation lie ".VSS strict economy as to exhibit an appreciation of the condition of the treasury ancla thy with the straitened circumstances of our feliow-oltlieus. The duty ot publto is also of Immense Importance in its intimate and necessary relation U> the task npwia hand, of trovldlng revenue to moot governmental expenditures and yet reducing the people's burden of Federal taxation. The Promise of Tariff Reform. After a hard struggle tariff reform 1« directly belore ns. Nothing so Important claims our attem lon, and nothing so clearly preaenis Itself as both an opportunity •"? » duty-an ODDOrtunltv to deserve the gratitude of onr fellow-citizens, and a duty Imposed upon us by our oft-repested professions and by ths emphatic mandate of the people. After full discussion our countrymen have ’poke In favor of this reform, and they have confided the w ork ot its accomplishment to the bauds of those who are solemnly pledged to It. if there Is anything In ths t eory of a representation In public places of ths people and their desires, if public officers are reallv the servants of the people, aud if political promises and professions have any binding force, our failure to give the relief so long awaited will bo sheer rcoreonoy. Nithlng should Intervene to distract our attention or disturb our effort until this reform is aooomplished by wise and careful legislation. While we ahould stanohly adhere to the Jirluclple that ouly the necessity of revenue notifies the Impost tlon ot tariff duties and other Federal taxation, and that they should be limited by strict economy, wo can not dose onr eyes to the fact that conditions have grown which, Injustn ess and fairness, call for discriminating oare In the discrimination ot such duties and taxation aa the emegenoies ot our Government actually demand. Manifestly, If we are to aid the people dlreoily through tariff reform, one of its most obvious features should be a reduction in present tariff charms upon the necessaries of life. Tho benefits ot such a reduction would be palpable and substantial, seen and felt by thousands who would be better fed, and better clothed, and better sheltered. These gifts shonld be the willing benefactions of a Government whoso highest function la the promotion of the welfare of tha people. Not lees closely related to our people's prosperity and well-being Is tho removal of restrictions upon the impoitatlona of the raw materials neoeasary to our ’ manufacture*). The world should bo open to our national ingenuity and enterprise. This can not be while Federal legislation, through the impoaltiou ot high tariff, forbids to American manufacturers aa cheap materials as those used by their competitors. It is quite obvious that the enhancement of the price ot our manufactured products, resulting from this policy, not only confines the market for these products within our own borders, to the direct disadvantage of onr manufacturers, but also increases their cost to our citizens. The Interests of labor are certainly, though indirectly, involved in this feature of our tariff system. The sharp competition and active struggle among our ma ufaoturers to supply the limited demand for theix goods, soon fill the narrow market to which they are confined. Then follows a suspension ot work in the mills and factories, a discharge ot employee, and dlstrees in the homes of oiir workingmen. Even it the often disproved assertion could be made good that a lower rate ot wages would result from free raw materials and low tariff duties, the Intelligence of our workingmen leads them qnloklv to discover that their steady employment. permitted by free raw materials, is the most Important factor .in their relation to tariff legl-latlon. t A measure has been prepared by the appropriate Congressional committee embolylng tariff reform on the lines herein suggested whloh wiU be promptly submitted for legislative action. It is the reenlt of much patriotic and unselfish work, and I believe it deals with its subject consistently and as thoroughly as existing conditions pegmlt. lam satisfied that the redneed tariff duties provided for in the proposed legislation, added to the existing iuternal-revenae taxation, will. In the near future, though perhaps not immediately, produce sufficient revenue ta meet the needs of the Government Additional Internal Revenue Taxes* The committee after full consideration. aa< to provide against a temporary deficiency whl h may exist before the business ot ths country adjusts itself to the new tariff ached* ules, have wisely embraced in their plan a few additional Internal revenue taxes, including a small tax upon incomes derived from certain corporate investments. These new assessments are not only absolutely just and easily borne but they have the further merit of being suoh aa can be remitted without unfavorable buslnese disturbance whenever the necessity of the imposition no longer exists. In my great desire for tha success of this measure I can not restrain the suggestion that its success can only be attained by means of unselflab counsel on the pert ot the friends ot tariff reform, and as a result of their willingness to subordinate personal desires and ambitions to the general good. The local Intereste affected by the proposed reform are so numerous and so varied that it all are Insisted upon the legislation embodyinz the reform must inevitably fail. In conclusion, my Intense feel ng otresponsibility impels ms to invoke for the manifold interests of a generous end confiding people the most scrupulous oare. and to pledge my willing support to every legislative effort for the advancement of the greatnesa and prosperity of our beloved country. GBOVBB CLKVKLAVn. News from Cuba indicates that the financial depression has seriously interfered with business in the everfaithful isle. The revolution industry is especially depressed. Heretofore It has been considered necessary, In order to start a respectable revolution, to secure the adherence of at least a hundred men. A revolutionary army of this size was not, it is true, considered exactly up to concert pitch, because not more than seventy-five of the hundred patriots could be brigadier generals. There had to be some privates. Still it made a fair showing and usually lasted twenty-four hours at least. With the hard times, however, Cuban patriots have been marking down figures and getting up a sort of bargain counter revolution. The minimum was reached when a serried host of twenty-five men undertook to overturn the government and set up the standard of the republic. Os course, the government troops, after getting out a search warrant, crushed the insurrection, and the Queen of the Antilles'again languishes beneath the heel of despotism. The usual daily revolutions will continue to take place, however, as advertised, so long as three men and a boy are left to let slip the dogs qf war. Wife-beater Kline, of Toledo, has received his just deserts. It waa his custom to amuse himself by using Mrs. Kline as a football, kicking her all over the house. After being knocked down repeatedly, the woman turned on her tormenter and shot him with bls own revolver. He will probably die. At all events, he will not beat any more women for some time to come. It is to be hoped that other women, cursed with brutal husbands, will follow the example of Mrs. Kline. There has been an unpleasant monotony about these conjugal killings, the woman being invariably the victim. The Toledo Incident may have the Offset of evening up matters by encouraging the killing of a few wife-beaters. Pennsylvania Guardian: The World’s Fair was a triumphant monument to the vast resources of the Yankee, an achievement which has dwarfed by domparlson any other ex- ‘ hibition ever given under the sun. History has recognized seven wonders of the world, but these are inslgnifi- ' cant as compared with tills eighth i one—the most stupendous one of them all. ■ The frying pan is the cause of much »in and suffering in this-world; many a man has been driven to crime on account of dyspepsia. The chief pleasure In eating does not consist in costly seasoning, or exquisite flavor, but in yourself. Do you seek for sauce by labor?—Horace.