Decatur Democrat, Volume 36, Number 10, Decatur, Adams County, 27 May 1892 — Page 6

F. ©he democrat DECATUR, INa H KLAOnUBN, . • ■ PosLUHuro. TROPHIES OF A CHASE aftijr the fleeting items OF NEWS. Armed Cltlren* or Ottumwa. lowa. put a Dyke to Save Their Property—Big Crevasse hear hew Orleans—The Blaine Boom—An Old War Mayor Dead. Cnt the Dyke. Ott'imwa (Iowa) special: Fifty armed citizens cut the levee at this point to save their property from the destruction which they judged would otherwise follow from the continually increasing flood. As the cutting was calculated to Injure the property of the Water Company it was necessary to carry out the work at the point of the pistol. The Water Company’s Superintendent endeavored to check the mon in their intent, but withdrew when a revolver was leveled at his head. The dyke was cut in three places, allowing the water to escape. At Eddysville, fifty families have been driven from their homes and the entire town is in imminent danger. Danger faces the people from the fact that the Mississippi is rapidly backing up into the Des Moines and no amount of fall above can help Ottnmwa until the waters in the Mississippi recede. The Blaine Boom. A close friend and admirer of President Harrison, speaking of the efforts being made by the antagonists of the President to defeat his renomination by the use of the name of Secretary Blaine, says: “The movement has nothing honest nor sincere in it This is Sppar4, . ent even to a casual observer when it is considered that none of the friends of Mr. Blaine are engaged in it. None of the gentlemen whose names are promi- * nently connected with the movement were recognized as particular friends of the Secretary when he was a candidate for the presidency and it is only a scheme to nominate .ilger. When Blaine is nominated and declines, it is hoped the nomination will go to Alger.” Big Crevasse Near New Orleans. New Orleans special: Information has reached here that a crevasse has occurred at the Hester plantation, a few miles above the great Nita crevasse of 1890. It is now forty feet wide and is increasing rapidly. The information received is meager, but it is almost impossible to close a crevasse at that point, and it is certain that the Illinois Central railroad will go under water. The loss will probably exceed 81,000.000. A number of valuable sugar plantations and periqtie tobacco farms will be overflowed for three months. — Why Mr. B«a'e Came Home. Washington special: Mr. Beale, United States Minister to Persia, is in the city on a leave of absence. It is said that his presence here at this time is for the pur- . pose of marrying Miss Hattie Blaine, the youngest daughter of Secretary Blaine. His engagement to Miss Blaine has been standing for over a year. It is said that the wedding may take place before the departure of the Secretary for the seashore and mountains. Bloodshed In Prospect. Oakland (Cal) special: The dispute between the railroad people and private property holders as to the title in water front property, bids safe to result in bloodshed. Both interests have armed men guarding the property, and the excitement is running so high a large force of police and -deputy constables have been sent to the scene to prevent the threatened outbreak if possible. Over Four Hundred Killed. / Dispatches from Lagos announce that the British have defeated the Jebus near Magbone. Twenty chieftains and 400 Jebu soldiers were killed. CapL Owen, Capt. Harding, Lieut Lowrie and thirty men of the British troops were wounded. have occupied Jaboude. The Grant Monument Again. An appeal has been issued by Gen. Horace I'qrter, President of the Grant Monumetft Association, begging the citizens of New York to subscribe before Decoration Day the $46,000 required to complete the fund of 8350,000 for the building of Gen. Grant’s tomb. At an Hour’s Notice. "' r V Col. Blunt, commanding the Sixteenth Infantry at Fort Douglas, near Salt Lake City, has been notified by the War Department to hold his command ready to march at an hour’s notice to the scene of the strike among the miners at Coeur d’ Alene, Idaho. More Horrible Than Death. Os the ninety people who have been tried on charges of inciting the recent disturbances at Lebez, one-half hive been sentenced to exile in Siberia and the other half to Imprisonment in the citadel. Mr. Lacy to Manage a Bank. It is practically settled that Comptroller Lacy will become president of the Banker’s National Bank of Chicago, an institution with 81.000,000 Capital, which will open for business July 1. Death ot William H. Vanderbilt. " William H. Vanderbilt, eldest son of Cornelius Vanderbilt, who has been suffering for some time past of typhoid fever, died at his father’s residence, New York. All Were Burned. Two children were playing in a barn at Guttenburg, la., when it canght fire. Their mother tried to save them, and all perished. Hlxty-Two Buildings Burned. Portland (Ore.) special: News has reached this city of the almost .total destruction by fire of the town of Chehallis, Wash. Much of the most valuable property in the town was burned, sixtytwo buildings bding destroyed. An Old M ar Mayor Dead. Hon. F. P. Randall, the old war mayor and pioneer citizen of Fort Wayne, Ind., died at his residence in that city, aged 80 years. A Boor Falla In. The roof of the First Methodist Protestant Church of Pittsburgh, fell in, injuring seven men, two fatally. The building was being demolished, and three of the workmen were engaged in aawing in half one of the great beams which supported the roof. These beams extended upward at an angle meeting in ut . the apex. The workmen began on a beam in the center. When it was J ■ three-quarters sawed threugh there was a crackling ' sound of severing tlmbqr, then a crash and without a ftri| m i b n er a

, gallery upon which the three men wore r working and burying them under, the heavy rafters. Two were pinioned to the floor and instantly deprived of consciousness. Tho third escaped with only painful bruises. There were two car- • pouters on the ground floor at tho time and they wore struck by falling rafters before they could floe. » [ OH! HUI.HOHSI Nine Hundred People Killed end ; Seven Thousand Injured by a Cyclone. London special: Advices received here from Mauritius states that a hurricane unprecedented in its violence passed over t that island on April 29, causing enormous damage to shipping. Nino hun--1 dred persons are reported killed, 7,000 ’ injured, and half the crops destroyed by the cyclone. A majority of the vessels at the island were blown ashore. The western half ■ of Port Louis, the capital, was devastated. Houses were blown down, gi1 gantic trees were unrooted, and that J part ot the town was about wiped out of existence. The loss of life was appalling. A large number of persons were caught in ' the falling houses and crushed to death, ' while others lost their lives by being 1 by flying debris while they were attempting to seek places of safety. The 1 roar of the gale was deafening and people rushed to and fro in aimless confusion, with no idea of what they were doing. Rain fell in torrents. Thethnnder crashed with awe-inspiring volleys, while the flashes of lightning were blinding. . Indiana Gas Men Agapist the Chicago Pipe Line. Representatives of the different natural gas companies of Indiana met at Peru, and discussed the probable intentions of the Chicago gas syndicate which has been trying for years to get gas from the Indiana fields to Chicago. Among those present were: John P. Frenzel, Indianapolis; Judge Calvin Cowgill, Wabash; James Murdock. Lafayette; Henry C. Paul, Fort Wayne; Hugh Daugherty, Bluffton, and George Landen. Kokomo. Within the last few weeks the Chicago company has been piping to Kokomo and preparing to offer great opposition to the company operating there, in the way of prices. The situation was thoroughly discussed and resolutions were adopted to come to the assistance of the present Kokomo company and make good any losses resulting from the presence of the Chicago people. It is understood that Peru and several other cities will also be piped by the Chicago company in the future, and the same protection is assured to companies in these places. The capital represented at the meeting is about 87,000,000, Terrible Floods; A special from St. Louis, dated the 20th inst., says: The weather reports show that a rise of three feet is coming down the Mississippi and Missouri This will cause the river here to rise at least one toot within several days. This means that the entire country from here to New Orleans will be flooded as the levees will not be able to stand so great a body of water. Ten thousand people are . without shelter, and 20,000 are out of work here. A mass meeting will be held to secure relief. Within a radius of twenty miles around St Louis, 20O ; square miles of land are under water. 'Over 20.000 head of cattle have been drowned. The loss will aggregate in the Bom Bnclaes BlowX.ip A work train on the C. fa. & St P. was standing on the switch at Preston, lowa, when a west bound merchandise freight dashed into it at tho rate of forty miles an hour. The engineer, Lon Owens of the work train, was probably fatally injured. The engines came together with terrific force and both exploded, fragments being thrown several hundred feet Owens was thrown over 100 feet Fifteen cars were demolished, one corner oi the depot was torn off, and the entire building shoved six inches to one side. Thb total damage was over SIO,OOO. Killed His Jailer and Was JLynched. Morrillton (Ark.) special: A horrible murder was committed in the jail of Perry County, twelve miles south of this place, and the murderer was lynched. Charles Stewart in custody tor attempted rape, dashed out the brains of Tom Holmes, Deputy Sheriff, who was guarding the jail, using a piece of scantling as a weapon. The citizens, discovering the horrible deed, forcibly broke open the jail, and, securing Stewart took him out and hanged him to the nearest tree. Belay Blilere Beach New York. The last relay bicyclists, carrying the message of Gen. Nelson A. Miles, commander of the'department of the Missuri, to Gen. O. O. Howard, commander of the Division of the Atlantic, wheeled in front of headquarters, New York, at 1:05 Sunday morning. This message had been carried from Chicago to New York by a 975-mile route in four days, thirteen hours and five minutes. This was just thirteen hours and fifty minutes more than schedule time. Shipwrecked Sailors Stranded. Waquina (Or.) special: Three boats containing eighteen men belonging to the ship St. Charles, stranded at Cape Foul Weather Light House. The captain, second mate and two men were badly injured. The captain was in a critical condition. The ship St Charles was en route from Nanaimo to San Francisco with a cargo of coal, and on May 17 an explosion occurred, causing the crew to abandon the ship, which was sinking. . A Soft Serpent Turns Up tn Ohio. The fishermen near Oak Harbor, Ohio, declare they saw a veritable sea serpent in Laxe Erie recently. It was seen at two different times and is described' as about twenty-five feet long and a foot and half in diameter in the thickest part of the body. Its head was large and flat and there appeared to bo several large fins or flippers about five feet irom the head. It was black in color, mottled with brown spots. An Effort in l'roarr«»« to Arrange a Great Reunion. Col. Bathelder, the historian of Gettysburg, is seeking to make the dedication of the “high water mark” moument at i Gettysburg an occasion for a reunion of distinguished veterans which may never occur again. For this reason the regular oration and poem will be short. Five minute speeches may be expected from ■ such veterans of the late war as may be present. He Deserves It, Truly. At’ tho request of Senator Turpie the Senate has passed a bill granting a pension of S2O a month to George W. Jones, 88 years of age, now a resident of Dubuque, lowa, ’ and formerly a Senator of the 1 United States, in consideration of ser--1 vices rendered by him as drummer boy 1 in the war of 1812-14 and as aid-de-camp 1 to General Dodge In the Black Hawk 1 war of 1832. ( c I A Trala Held Up. i North-bo and train No. 14, on the Jack- ' sonville, Tampa and Key West railway i was held up at a lonely hammock station i five miles north of Sanford, Fla., by attemf roblWß ’ who ’ ,n a desper-

o Southern Express Corner». killed the n express messenger, W. N. .Saunders and s badly wounded Soliciting Agent LN. ' C Ol, * Io Death. j The rJkldotice of Beniamin Van Laden, 3 a fanner living near Iroquois, Mich., caught lire after his six children had been put to bed. Mr. Van Laden was absent. Mrs. Van Laden heroically devoted her every effort to saving tho lives ' of the little ones. In this she was rewarded with success, but paid for it 3 with her own life. She was fatally 3 burned. r Pension for Mrs. Jeff Davis. Gen. J. B. Gordon, Commander-ln- ’ chief of the Confederate veterans, has appointed a committee, consisting of one member Irom each ot the seventeen . States, to appeal to the several Southern . Legislatures tor a pension for the widow of Jefferson Davis. The commitjteo consists of a prominent man from each ’ State, either a Governor, Congressman, [■ or a member of the Legislature. Surrendered Their Charter. i 'The department of Louisiana and Mississippi Grand Army of the Republic, j met at New Orleans and passed tesoluJ tions surrendering the division charter, , because Commander-In-Chief Palmer suspended the Division Commander for . not recognizing the colored posts. The , resolutions also advise the eight white ’ posts in the division to follow the example of the encampment. Art ar the Standard. - A special from St Marys,Ohio, says: It ' Is rumored that tho Manhattan Oil Company will buy out most qf the local oil companies, and lay a pipe Hue here to . buck against the Standard. Efforts will be made to secure control of the entire field, in which case they would be ready to fight. Should they be successful they propose paying 2JJ cents more per barrel than the Standard. A Pleasure Party Drowned.' . Melbourne special: A boating fatality happened in Port Phillip Bay. A large party of young men were returning by sea from a foot-ball match held at Mornington, sixteen miles from Melbourne. Their boat was upset by a sudden squall, a not unusual occurrence in Port Phillip Bay, and fifteen of the young men were drowned. Train Bobbers Caught. Temple (Tex.) special: Officers have arrested Charles Williams, Benjamin Ward, William Miller, O.' L. Buchanan, and two other men whose names are unknown, who attempted to rob the southbound Missouri, Kansas and Texas train and afterwards fired several volleys into it. BUchanan has made a full confession, giving the whole gang away. In lenorance of Hie Fall. Richard M. Gray, alias R. J. Simpson, leaves the Michigan Penitentiary this week and returns to his home. He is the son of a prominent clergyman of New Haven, Conn., and has been mourned for dead for over a year. His family has lived in ignorance of his disgrace. He was sentenced to the pen in June, 1891, for two years. Quietly Banged. Seaborn Smith, was quietly hanged at Covington. Ga., in the jail yard. The town was full of people, but only a few were admitted to the scene of tho hanging. No disturbances occurred. Smith’s neck was broken and he died in a few moments. Smith’s crime wap the criminally assaulting of a 12-year-old girt Bebels sink a War snip, ( Rio Janeiro special: The ironclad Soiimos, one of the six war ships sent against the rebels at Matto Groso was sunk in the harbor of Montevideo and 105 of her crew drowned. Only five on the vessel escaped. Great consternation is felt here. No further details are obtainable yet A Eoubio Drowning. At Sonora, Texas, a waterspout struck north of the town and rushing down a creek, giving it a five-foot rise, drowned Willie, the 6-year-old son of J. M. Price. George Dalton, in an effort to rescue the little iellow, was also carried down the stream and drowned. The bodies were recovered. —- I V Indiana Gold Field. Gold has been discovered on the farm of George R. White, near Bean blossom, Ind., in sufficient quantities to cause excitement among the farmers, who have for years believed that the soil of Brown County holds the metal in paying quantities. Millions In Smoke. At Oswego, N. Y., fire destroyed the big Washington Mills, and the Columbia, Corn Exchange, and Merchants’ elevators. The loss will run into the millions. Sunday Base Ball Stopped at Toledo. At a meeting of the Toledo police board it was decided to put an end to Sunday base ball in that city. An Entire Village Burned. London special: Tho village of Handley. in Willshire, was destroyed by fire. Three hundred persons are in a destitute condition. Deeming Bung. A Melbourne dispatch announces that Deeming, the famous wom.n butcher, was hanged at one minute past ten Tuesday morning. THE MARKETS. CHICAGO. CITTCI-Common to Prime.... $3.50 © 4.75 Hooe—Shipping Grades 3.50 © 4.75 Sheep—l air to Choice 4.00 ©5 50 Wheat-No. 2 Spring3l © .82 Coen—No. 2, new 45'$© .<6'4 I Oats—No. 230 © .31 Eye—No. 2 74 © .78 Bdtteb—Choice Creamery....... .20 © .21 Cheese-Full Cream, flats 69 © .10 Egos-Fresh n .18 Potatoes—Choice old, per bn... .49 © .50 Indianapolis. Cattle-Shipping 3.25 © 4.50 Hons-Choico Light.... 3.50 ©4.75 Shkee—Common to Prime 3.0 C © 4.75 Wheat—No. 2 lied,B6 © .87 , Cohn—No. 1 White MU© .4514 Oats—No. 2 White 32 © .33 ST. LOUIS. Cattle..... 3.00 ©4.75 Hogs 3.50 © 4.75 ; Wheat—No. 2 Red 85 © .so Cobx—No,S.. 44J4© .4514 Oats-No. 2 .33 .34 liXE—No. 370 © 73 CINCINNATI. Cattle 3.00 © 4.25 ; Hogs 3.00 © 4.75 Sheet... 4,(30 ©5,75 Wheat—No. 2 Ibol 89 © 89V, ■ COIW-N6.2 .... ;« © • Oats—No. 2 Mixed 32'4© .33V, , „ DETROIT. J Catt1e.....,, 3.00 © 4.25 Hues• .. 8.00 ©4.75 SHEEP.... ... ... 3.00 ©6.73 Wheat-No. Cited..... 90 © .01 Conx—No. 2 Yellow44l4© .45'4 Oats—No. 2 White : -.Bigg $314 TOLEDO. , Wheat—No. 2 ,91 © ,<m . Corot-No. 2 Whl e. ,48U« 4114 Oats—No. 2 White..........h;.. .32 © 33 1 Bye n & M „ BUFFAID. Beet Catt1e....... 4.00 © 5.7 s Live Hoos.. 3.75 @625 • Wheat—No. 1 Hard....... 90 <«. uz Cohn—No. 2.,30 © 51 , MILWAUKEE. Wheat—No. 2 Springßl © 83 > Cohn—No. 3..... 1 4JJ4© '“u, Oats-No. 2 White ss' 4 © Is ’ BYk-N0.1,C. .77 S 7! Barley-No. 2 54 0 M Poke—Mess 9.59 01000 „ NEW YORK. L ' v;; Wheat—No, 2 8ed...... - /a 8 m >Bteru ******* O .37

■B-—gg _4— I VICTIMS OF THE TARIFF MEN WHO DO NOT ENJOY THE TIN-PLATE FARCE. Owner* of Factories Whose BnslnosJ Is [ Curtailed—Labor Cost In Europe land ! the United State*—Continuation of McKinley's Account. - * ■ Th* Tariff Robbery. The New York Tribune and other ' high-tax papers are going into ecstasies over the report of Ira Ayer, Bpedsl Agent of the Treasury Department, oir the tin plate Industry. The report , shows that during tho quarter ending t March 31, 1892, nineteen manufacturers , produced about 3,000,000 pounds of tin and terne plates, about two-thirds of which were terne plates: and that the C reduction for the past fiscal year has een 4,527,230 pounds, of which 1,335,058 pounds were 'tin plate. As our annual consumption ot tin plate is about 400,000,000 pounds, our last year's product would supply us for about three days, and is equal to about one per cent, of our total needs. To attain this magnificent standing among the tin plate manufacturing nations of the earth, we are now taxing ourselves at the rate of ten or twelve million dollars per annum, and have expended, during the last fifty years, perhaps one hundred and fifty million dollars for t(he same purpose. This expense, however, as great as it is, docs not begin to equal the indirect cost to us, due to the injury done to- other

industries by high-priced tin plate. An idea of this indirect expense and injury can be gained by reports from various large consumers of tin plate made in the National Provisioner of April 30, 1892. The National Provisioner is the “organ of the provision and meat industries of the United States." It advocates the Interests of its subscribers, and is not biased in favor ot any theory. The following extracts are from this number of the National Provisioner: “In view of the fact that the bill of the Hon. T. L. Bunting providing for the reduction of the duties on tin and terne plates, a copy of which was published in a recent number of this journal, has been introduced in Congress and will come up for discussion in a week or two, the directors of the Tin-Plate Consumers' Association have endeavored to ascertain what tho effect of the increased duty has been upon the business of the consumers of tin plate throughout the country. They have, therefore, sent out a circular asking consumers of tin plates what the effect of the tariff has been on their business, and in response have received answers from most of the large consumers. “For want of space not all of these answers can be published, but a selection is made which constitutes a fair average of their general tone, which shows pretty plainly what the effect of the increased tariff has been upon the people who cut up in their business four-fifths of the entire quantity of tin plate used in the United States.” Fairport, N. Y.: “We used 4,800 boxes last year. Payment of McKinley duty required additional capital. In some branches increased cost of our goods compelled us to cut down wages of laborers to meet popular prices. In making baking powder cans increased cost of article and unwillingness on the part of our customers to pay increased price caused us to lose the business ot some of the best of our customers. After two or three months of experimenting with others they returned to us, having learned that we were not trying to rob them, but were, like others, only asking a fair price on the basis of the government making us pay heavies, taxes for the privilege of doing business. We have been heavy exporters of canned goods, but we fear that we will have to give up or greatly reduce our export trade. In the English and Scotch markets especially, Canada iff selling at less than goods cost us. Canada pays no duty. Rebate does not place us on an equality. On fifty cases of pears rebate would not pay expenses of obtaining it. We pay duty on a full sheet of tin. The rebate does not cover waste in cutting round blanks." Salem, Ohio: “We have substituted galvanized iron for tin in consequence of the increased cost of the latte?,” Adrian, Mich.:. “To increase the cost of No. 3 cans, the size most used by us, an average of 60 cents per hundred, and other sizes in proportion. We are not extensive packers, but the cans used by us last season cost over $4,000 more than the same quantity would have cost in 1889. This loss must be home by us or by the producers of fruits and vegetables, or both. The canning industries have been greatly crippled by tho increase of duty on tin plate. We have used the same help as before, but paid less wages per day.” Indianapolis, Ind.: “To reduce our profits to such a narrow margin as to cause the desire to have our capitajinvested in some other enterprise, or abandon our present business altogether.? From a Bostob packing house: “Packed in our East Boston factory in 1890, 56,000 cases; in 1891. 35,345. Falling off, 20,655; increase of help, twentyfive weekly hands. Gutter pipe, etc.” Cambridgepart. Mass.: “To increase the cost a dollar a box instead of a natural decrease of some 30 cents a box. Not nearly so much business in our line is done as there should be. Results: Fewer hands employed, consumers paying more than they ought, manufacturers not making fair profits. Decrease of help, seven hands.” . From Buffalo:? “Increased cost at tin plates, diminished profits, tfie substitution of other materials for tii plates, a good deal of misrepresentation and demoralization. ” From a Boston can factory: “That business has decreased eopie on account of the higher prices ot goods. ” Baltimore: f “To add the duty to the cost of the goods, and necessarily we have sold at a higher price than if there hud been no increase.” B ’ ‘ Philadelphia:; “Unfavorable,* increased cost of material; and not being able to advance prices, we are out the difference. The tendency is also Ito use inferior materials and decrease wages, and in various ways to make up." Philadelphia: “To advance the price of tin about one dollar per box, with the same cost of packing, and goods selling at same price as before the increase of duty. ’’ Worcester, Mass.: “That wo are doing less business. Decrease of help, three hands. Syracuse, N. “To add the cost of the tit to the cost of the lanterns. Syracuse, N..Y.: “To cut down »y trade in roofing tin more than one-half, making a considerable loss to my income, and, more than this, has forced a number of my smaller cusUqners to retire frdm the business and to seek other occupations I am not able to purchase roofing tin of American manufacture at marketable prices, only high-priced goodn being offered—too high for the average consumer.” Baltimore: “To increase the cost of production." ■ Buffalo, N. X.s “Decreasing eocnomie labor; smaller mjrginn- .

Baltimore: \ "Quite a falling off in the demand for cans, owing to the increased duties, which have advanced the cost of tin plates about $1.30 per box. Wo have had to decrease our help about one-fifth." Greenwich, N. Y.: “Very much against us. Wo are running a smaller force, and will have to put up loss goods thar formerly. Decrease of help, throe hands." Northville. Mich.: “To reduce our profits. Wo cannot charge any more for our condensed milk than wo did before. Wo are taxed to help others establish tho manufacture of tin plate In the United States. Our i output is small yet. We are paying sl,ol'o a year to help others. Tho decline in sugar has helped us about SI,OOO : a year, so between the two it is a stand-off." Cleveland, Ohio: “To Increase the cost of our goods by tho extra duty." Detroit, Mich.: “In previous years our business has . increased about 50 per cent, each year, . and last year only about 15 percent., , entirely owing to the increase of prices ■ made necessary by the duties." Philadelphia: “To lesson profits by increase ot cost in materials. We have had to decrease our help Irregularly. ” Louisville, Ky.: “Decrease in tho sales on terne plates. I Many persons refusing to pay the advanced prices due to the tariff. De- ■ crease of help, five per cent" Subletts, Va.' “To make us pay $230 more for 215 j boxes of tin.”

Wage* and Labor Cost. It was Henry Clay who clearly pointed out the fact, which modern protectionists seem to hhve lost sight of, that low wages did not mean low cost of production. As an instance of this fact he cited the case of Asia and Europe. Wages in Europe, he said, were many times higher than wages in Asia, but, ' because of the great use of machinery ' in Europe and of the greater intelli--1 gence and skill of the workmen, particularly in Great Britain, manufactured articlea, which require any considerable amount of labor, are manufactured “infinitely cheaper than they can be manufactured by the natural exertions” of the countless millions of unskilled, poorly paid and poorly fed laborers of Asia. The rapidly Increasing use of machinery since Clay’s time has made this fact even more manifest now than it was then. It Is the low-wage countries of tho globe that supply the agricultural products and the raw materials of inanfacture to the high-wage countries, and it is the high-wage countries that manufacture these raw materials into all kinds of articles —machinery, clothing, ships, furniture, faring and_ household implements—with whieb to supply themselves and to sell back to these highwage countries. Hence, it would seem that if the tariff on manufactured articles is'needed to protect labor, the countries most in need of such a tariff are the low-wage countries. This, in fact, is the rule. Italy, Russia, Spain, and the other low-wage countries of Europe are heavily protected against Great Britain, .France, Germany, Belgium, and the other comparatively high-wage countries ot Europe. Great Britain, the United States, France, Germany, and I Belgium, the high-wage countries of the ■ earth, are the greatest exporters of . manufactured articles. There is but one I explanation—it is cheaper to make costly 1 articles where wages are high than . where they are low. This has been demonstrated in detail by many statistical experts. Edward Atkinson has recently given us a long list of articles for which the labor cost to manufacture is less in,the United States than in any country of Europe, e. g., a pair of shoes which it costs 58 cents to make in Massachusetts costs-from’ 60 to 75 cents to make in foreign countries of Europe. He expresses the opinion that the labor cost in n|ne-tenths of the manufactured • articles is less in the United States than < in Europe. To the question that may be asked here by protectionists, “Why, then, do we not supply more of the manufactured articles of the world than Great Britain?” it may be replied our failure to do so is not because of the difference in labor cost of the product, but because of the excessive taxes levied by the United States upon the raw mateiials and the machinery of production. Remove this tax and the restrictions upon our shipping, and we will soon be ■ exporting more manufactured articles . than Great Britain. —- In view of these facts let us notice 1 the woolen Industry in this country. | During the last thirty years we have ' had a duty on woolen goods that has ! averaged nearly 90 per cent. The os- | tensible purpose of about half of this ' duty has been compensatory—that is, | to reward the manufacturers for that; part of the cost of raw wools, which is j due to the duty on wool—and of the , other half to make good the difference in labor cost between this country and Great Britain. One of the first effects of this, heavy j “protection" which we will observe is , the decline in the number of woolen , mills in the United States from 2,391 in 1870, to 1.190 in 1880, and to 1,312 in 1890. The value of the goods manufactured increased from $267,252,913 in ' 1880 to $338,231,109 in 1890. It is ap- ; I parent then that the exorbitant duty on raw materials tends to- drive out small capitalists and to leave the business in the hands of monopolists. The next effect has been to make the price of woolen goods in the United States! nearly double what they would have ! been without such protection. This ad- | ditlonal cost to the 65,000,000 of people . in the United States is not now less ■ than $100,000,000 per year. But even ; with these high prices the woolen Indus- ■ try cannot bo said to bo in a flourishing , condition—the increased value of the product being only about equal to the 1 increase in population since 1880. The J weight of taxation upon the raw mate- i rials is sufficient to prevent the growth of the indnstry even with these excep- ■ ’ tionally high prices. Another curious effbet is that, while the duties have increased the price of raw material for manufacture, it has not apparently increased the price ot doi mestic wools. As pointed out by John 1 Sherman in 1883, the price of domestic wools declined from 51 cents in 1867 to 46 cents in 1870 ; 43 cents in 1876 to 36 cents to 40 cents in 1883. But that part of the tariff to which we 1 here wish especially to call attention ' is the part levied for the benefit of labor. Under the McKinley bill this part,varies from 30 to 50 per cent., and will average about 45 per cent. As this duty is levied to cover the difference of labor cost in this and other countries, It may be well to inquire what this difference actu- ' ally is. . The Hon. Carroll D. Wright, Cojnmlsi qioner of Labor, has for some time been . making special investigations into the i cost of textiles in Europe and America, p Advanc "sheets, showing this cost, were i prepared for and used by the Hon. A. B. i Montgomery in his speech in the House f March 11, 1892. As explained by Coms mlshloner Wright, the labor cost in this j country includes all the processes of . manufacture from the raw wool, while in Great Britain and on the continent of Europe it often does not include all of ’ these processes—the cost of spinning the yarn and dyeing and finishing the

I 65 from foreign factories—makes it evident that this difference is very slight. For example, the labor cost in fourteen samples of cashmere on the continent of Europe ranges from 15.20 per cent to 22.08 per cent., the average Being about i 19 per cent.; of forty-six samples from tho United States from 17.36 per cent, to 31.20 per cent., the'average being 24 per cent. Tho labor cost for six samples of | worsted goods made in Enrope varies I from 12.92 por cent, to 43.11 per cent., tho average being about 22 per cent.; of thirty-six samples from the United States from 13.49 per cent, to 37.57 per i cent., the average being about 21 per eent.; tho labor cost in seven samples ot ladies' dress goods from the United States varies from 15.41 per cent, to I 23.54 per cent., the average being 20 per cent.; of five samples from Europe from 13,02 por cent, to 29.31 per cent., the average being 23 per cent As, however, no two samples from

this and from any foreign country are oxactlv alike, it is Impossible to rely strictly upon these comparisons. It is, however, safe to assert that the difference, if any exists, in the labor cost of textiles in this and in foreign countries does not exceed 6or 8 per cent. There is, then, no Just basis for a protection of more than 10 per cent, to cover this difference, and the 45 per cent, granted by McKinley for this purpose is an outrage upon the . American people. In the Springer free wool bill an ad valorem duty of from 25 to 35 per cent, is left on manufactured woolens. This, as Congressman Montgomery shows, gives an average of 12 per cent, more protection than the entire labor cost in the production of 165 home-manufactured articles covered by Wrjght’s table. This would then, except for the tariff tax on machinery, put our woolen manufacturers on an equal footing with those of Europe and leave them a margin of about 25 per cent, for profits. The claim by thoughtless protectionists that this 35 per cent: tariff would leave our woolen manufacturers unprotected and drive halt of them out of the country is utterly without foundation.

McKinley’* Account Continued. The first week in May was a busy ' one for our accountant who has charge of the work of registering strikes, wage I reductions, trusts, etc., that occurred during the week, and of crediting the McKinley bill with the wage advances j made and the trusts killed, and of debit- ! ing it with the wage reductions, lockputs and trusts formed. On May Day the workingmen all over the country ! attempted to recover the reductions that naturally occur during the year in wages, and, if possible, to gain a little. ! Hundreds of strikes for this purpose ooI curred this year, but these are not taken into account. Even without I Qiese, the account on the debit side is i so long that it will have to be abbreviated for publication. Strange to say, there is again little or nothing upon thq credit side of the bill. The few slight reductions in hours or advances in wages gained by the May-day strikes have all occurred in the non-protected industries — carpentry, stone-cutting, plumbing, etc. April 30. To a trust composed of gas fixtures. Some of the manufacturers alleged to belong to it deny that such a trust has been formed, but admit that prices have been raised. They say that i the Increased cost of material and : higher duties compelled them to advance prices. May 'l. To a report that the great safe i manufacturing houses of Herring, Hall j and Martin have formed a trust with a capital of $3,300,000. The combined earnings of the three companies in 1891 was $316,790.' May 4. To a reduction In wages in the woolen mills of Jas. G. Knowles & Co., of Wilmington, Delaware. The wages of the weavers were reduced from 75 to 70 cents per cut. As this was the second reduction since February, when the price was 80 cents per cut, about twenty of the one hundred employes struck, and i the mills have shut down. The wages , of the men have averaged about $35 per month. May 5. Prominent leather-tanning firms in and around New York City have called a meeting to consider a proposition not to wet any hides for a period of three months. If the market has not broadened by that time the tanners will continue to curtail the output until It does and prices can be raised. May 5. To an increase from 1J to 1J cents per pound in the price of sisal I twine made by the cordag i trust. The ‘ dealers who are compelled to buy sisal ■; twine must sell at hot less than 12 cents i per pound. Those who were fortunate j enough to place their contracts before ' the National Cordage Company gained i complete control can make a lower price, i Only about one-fiftieth of what will be ' needed is now in the hands of dealers, i Jobbers are completely out, and will be compelled to pay cordage prices. This means an extra expenditure of thousands ' of dollars to the farmers of the country. May 6. To an advance of fifty cents in the price of anthracite coal, made by i the great coal trust, composed of the l rifilroads who n<Jw control 75 per cent. ' of all the anthracite coal lands in Pennsylvania. This means a direct annual tax of $20,000,000 per year on the American people. While there is no tariff on anthracite coal, yet tho tariff on bituminous coal, which competes with anthrai cite, is indirectly a benefit to this trust. ■ If New England could get her supply of bituminous coal from Nova Scotia, and I save about $1 a ton, the price of bituminous coal, at least along the Atlantic coast, would have to decline, and the price of anthracite would decline with- it. j May 6. To a redaction of 20 per cent. I in the wages of the spidermakers at the ' Thompson-Houston Electric Company’s factories in Lynn, Mass. The men suf--1 sered a 20 per cent, reduction two weeks ! ago, and have struck to resist the present ’ reduction. May 6. To a report that an English syndicate has obtained options on about l twenty of Kentucky's largest bourbon I whisky distilleries, that manufacture ! about 22,000,000 gallons a year—two- : thirds of Kentucky’s product. The synj dlcate expects to limit production and to 1 raise prices. Mr. Nathan Hoffheimer, a well-known New York speculator, who lias just made $300,000 out Df the Reading deal, has secured the options and negotiated the deal. He will be a large ; stockholder in this new trust. The “old brand" men, who have a market for all they can make, are the only ones who refuse to enter the trust and sign a contract to curtail production more than 50 per cent.' » The Wool Tax. In an editorial article in the St., Louis Republic Congressman Wllsopt of West Virginia says: “The revenue from duties on wool and on woolen goods during the last fiscal year was over $40,000,000, which was more than one-fifth part of our entire customs revenue, and more than oneninth part of our entire revenue from t taxation. There is only one subject of taxation that is more fruitful, and that > is spirituous liquors.” Such taxation is the grossest possible i violation of sound principles. It ip a most onerous tax 6n one of the prime i necessities of life, 'a tax which bears I most heavily on the poor, and from i which no man, woman or child can es- ’ cape. By the manner of ite imposition ’ it compels the people to pay not only the ’ $40,000,000 which goes to the Govern*i ment, but a much greater sum which

THE NATIONAL SOLON& l — SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRE-i 1 BENTATIVEB. ; 3 i Our Ne'tlonal Lawmekera and What They; Ar* Dolnff *»r th* Good or tho Country— Various Measures Proposed, Discussed.' and Acted Upon. ■ ■ »■ — Doings ot Congrcu, On tho 17tl» tho Honatu authorliod the Washington Bchuot«cnveroln to oroct at ite ' own expense a colossal bust of Baron von, Bteuben, a general of the revolutionary army, in one of the public parka or reser- I , vatlon* of Washington city. Mr. Chandler Introduced a bill to authorlie the registration of certain stounishlra as vessels of the United States, and it was referred to the Committee on Commerce, senator Stanford, from tho Public Buildings Committee, reported a bill appropriating $75,000 for the erection of a public building at Battle Creek. Mich. He alao reported a bill increasing to $125,000 thelimit of cost for the. public building at Lansing. Mich., and appropriating $25,000. The naval appropriation bill occupied the balance of the liras Tho House devoted the entire session to the dlscussiou of depredations on public timber. In the House.the 18tb. the silver question was the feature ot interest. The speaker sustained the point of order ratted againstMr. Bartine’s tree-coinage amendment to the sundry civil bill, and the House clinched the matter by upholding Mr. Crisp's decision. After tho transaction or routine business the House then wont into committee of the whole (Mr. Lester, of Georgia, in the chair) on tho sundry civil bill Mr. Smith, of Arizona, moved to increase from SIOO.00t> to $400,000 the appropriation for T surveying the public lands. After somo debate a compromise was arrived at and; the appropriation fixed at $200,000. The Senate resumed consideration of the vessel ( appropriation bill Several amendment* were agreed; the tflll was passed without a division and the Senate adlourned. In the House, on the 19th. the Chairman, of the committee of the whole sustained the point of order against Mr. Bland's amendment. Mr. Watson of Georgia sent upto the clerk’s desk and had read the terse resolution “that the Committee on Way* and Means be requested (to report tho subtreasury bill.” Ho asked unanimous consent for ite consideration, i but Mr. Beltzhoover's dbmand for the “rex'*- I ular order" operated as an objection. After a fruitless call of committees the House went into committea of the whole— Mr. Lester, of Georgia, In the chair—on I the sundry civil bill Mr. Blaud then re- I offered his amendment with the proviso attached to it, “that the cost of this coinage shall not exceed $95,000. $5,000 of which I shall lie for the coinage of subsidiary silver and $90,000 for standard sllyer dollars. Re- , jected. and the House adjourned. The I Senate spent much of its time in dlscuwlng t the river and harbor bill. The bill author- I islng the Secretary of War to detail for I special duty In connects n with the I World’s Columbian Exposition such army I officers as may bo required was passed. J The bill exempting American coastwise j vessels piloted by their licensed masters or 1 by a United States pilot from the obligation 1 to pay State pilots for services not rendered I was passed without u division. The con- 1 ference report An the bill to provide for th* | disposal and sale of tho Klamath River In- I dlan reservation was presented and agreod to. Mr. Aldrich offered a resolution (which j was agreed to) abolishing the-office of J principal executive clerk of tho Senate, and I placing the entire clerical force of the Son- I ate In the Secretary's office. | In the House, the 10th. In debating the I sundiy civil bill. Mr. Dickerson’s motion t« . I strike out the appropriation of $150,000 to | enable the Secretary of War to complete I the establishment of the Chickamauga and S Chattanooga National Piirk was lost I Mr. Kilgore, of Texas, while paying I tribute to the courage, ’ability, and ; patriotism of General Sherman, raised | a point of order against the clause I in the bill appropriating $50,000 for the I preparation of a site and the erection of a I pedestal for a statue of Sherman in the ■ city of Washington. Henderson of lowa ■ and Breckinridge of Kentucky appealed ■ to him to withdraw bis point, but ■ he declined. He said: “The rulea | of the House should be enforced. ■ If the statue should be erected It should be H provided for In an orderly manner.” In the n Senate, after a long polltical.discusslon. H the river and harbor bill was reported back ■ to tho House. All the amendments agreed M to in committee were concurred Inin gross. I and the bill was passed without a division. I The following bills were passed: Appro- B printing $109,000 for a public building in ■ Joliet. III.; to increase to $125,000 the ap- H proprlation for the public building at || Lansing, Mich.; to authorize tho Illinois JI and lowa Railway and Terminal OOmpahy J to build a bridge across the Mississippi 1 1 River at Moline, III.: to authorize the con- j I structlon of a railroad bridge across the > 1 Columbia River In the State of Washing- II ton. M On the Diamond. :] Following to a showing of the standing ot ■ each ot tho teams of the different assocla- y tions i ■ w. L. Vo. W. L wa. a Boston‘ u .'(U Pittsburg.... 15 14 -It ■ Brooklyn.... 16 9 .two,New York. ..1:1 H .5© ■ Chicagol7 11 .607 Pblladelp’a. Wls .<« ■ Cleveland...ll 11 A77 Washtngt’n. 11 11 44C I Cincinnati ..16 13 .5%! St. Louts.... 7 21 .251 ■ Loutoville...l4 13 JSlOßaltimore.. 6 2J .23C I 188 ILLINOIS-IOWA LF.AGVB. 1 W. L. Vo. W. L. Va ■ .Toiletl/ 1 .9 4Qutney.< 7 9 ■ PeoriaU 6 .667,5.1.-Moline.. 7 13.® | Rockford.... “ 7 .MS'TerreHs"te,. 512 .2W ■ Evansville...lo 1 0 .500 JacKsonyiUe. 513 .278 ■ WXSTKBIT LEAGUE. I W. L. Vo. .w. I* V* ■ Columbus..,l> 5 .7- Omaha 7 10 .4111 ■ Milwaukee... 13 6 .084,81. Rani 6 11 .3« ■ Kansas Cttv.lO 9 .520lMinncap'lii. 5 11 .'US ■ Toledoß 9 J7l|lbdlan'i>Ts.. 2 H .181 I Country Ronds. ■ The Police Jury of St. Mary parish .■ has made a new departure by contract- ■ ing with Jules Merquet to keep the pub- ■ lie roads of that parish in order for three ■ years for a specific sum. The result of ■ this experiment will be watched with I some interest.—New Orleans Times- ■ Democrat. ■ The road question is one of such im- H portance tliat the State itself should M take up tho matter. All classes of poo- ■ pie are affected and interested. The B work of improvement will be vast, too ■ large to be left to counties or townships. B It must be made a State policy.—Keo- B kuk Constitution-Democrat. B On the other hand, when road-build- ;■ ing is under State supervision, and ■ when the State bears a portion of the fl expense, it will bo undertaken season- B ably, will be done in the summer time, fl and the roadbed will have come into B conditiorf to resist the action of the elements before the autumn rains begin to M pour.—Baltim ore Herald. B Advocates of better public highways H should lose no time ip having photographs of the thoroughfares taken in IS their present condition for use in their 'M speeches and newspaper articles. There H is no public improvement of so much im- H portance to all' classes, and yet it has been treated with characteristic unconcern by the masses.—Cedar Rapids Gazette. ?B The Northern States hnve only to look E across the border into Canada to see, a much more sparsely settled country M than this, highways that, are vastly bet- M ter than ours, and, as for the mountain ' Ira roads, wo might go back five centuries E and take lessons from Montezuma and the Incas, whose half-civilized subjects E| <sbnstruoted better passages over the Cordilleras and the Andes than wo ever M made over tho Alleghenies or the Rocky ■ mountains.—Detroit News. H| It is true that the convicts of the State of lowa could accomplish but a ||b| small part of the work of improvement needed if they wore to devote them- Bl selves solely and exclusively to the work IB of highway improvement and repair, but IE they could do something in that diroo- lUs tion, and, as the farmers of Missouri claim, they would then be out of comps- M tition with the labor of honost mon who