Decatur Democrat, Volume 36, Number 6, Decatur, Adams County, 29 April 1892 — Page 2

I THEY WANT FREE WOOL “ TEXTILE WORKERS PETITION TO THAT EFFECT. '? .• | ; . Th* MbKlnley Tariff Shown to n« PoMHswnlul Protection In BnclandThe People end the Sugar Trust—Oat Meal and the Tariff. Want the Duly Removed. The following ie a portion of the petition in favor of free wool, and lower duties on woolens, sent to the Committee on Ways and Moans by the Kensington Reform Club of Philadelphia. The club is compoeed of workmen in the large woolen factories of that city: “Although labor is most directly inter--1 anted in the arrangment of tariff schedules it has been customary for thopo who favor high protective duties to turn a deaf ear to its appeals, Respite their protestations of solicitude for the welfare of the toilers, while the clamors of those who find a special interest In high duties, having the time and means to besiege the doors of Congress, have not been unheeded. The fat that is being fried out of the workingmen enables them to render special service to the partisan machine, and thus they can make .their weight felt far better than the fleeced workingmen. “Now, however, that there is once more an opportunity for labor to be heard upon an equal footing with the capitalists, we, the Kensington Beform Club, an organization composed of workingmen in every branch of the textile indu tries, send greeting to the friends of fair play and honest government, with a prayer for the immediate passage of the free-wool bill now under consideration in the House, which, while it may not fully meet our desires, is yet a measure offering great relief to the whole people. “The labor in the woolen mills has never been in so depressed a condition as in the past year. The carpet industry was never so demoralized. Wages have been reduced both in a direct way and by the various subterfuges called adjustments, readjustments and fines, and yet the cost of living has been perceptibly increased until the condition of labor is well nigh unbearable. Employment has grown more unsteady, many mills working but partial time, ’ some closed entirely, while in others the waiting for warp and filling amounts to a loss of from one-quarter to one-half time. “This is no idle talk, but the result of investigation, as it is one of the missions of our organization to intelligently watch the effect of legislation upon labor; and we here add that there has never been an increase of tariff rates that.was not almost immediately followed by reductions of wages. This is surely contrary to what was promised as a result of the tariff law passed by the last Congress, and it is therefore not Surprising to find workingmen realizing that they have been fooled once too often. “If, as has been asserted in Congress recently, the manufacturers do not need or want a high tariff, and that it is solely for the benefits of labor, which never gets any of them, then there is not the slightest impediment to a mutual agreement for its abolition. But since the gentlemen who make this assertion still oppose a reduction, the workmen, who do not want it either, are certainly justified in praying that these k ndly souls may stop their benevolent endeavors to raise wages by laws, which they cannot do, and set about raising them in the nulls, which they can do, and if they will only divide with their wo: kmen that which they usually give to the party machine it will make a perceptible difference in the workers’ pay-rolls. “We here reiterate the fact that the greater cause for the inability of American manufacturers to com-pete with their foreign rivals is because of the unjustifiable tax on the raw materials, and not the difference in wages; and that , this tax amounts to from three to five times more than the entire wage account in the product. It is needless for gentlemen to Imagine that they can forever fool the workingmen by their expressions of solicitude for wages, while : yet willing and even anxious to bear the enormous burden of this unnecessary tariff on the raw materials. “To the workingman of ordinary intelligence this looks like trying to find excuses for the further reduction of wages; for so long as they can be made to believe that their wages are princely as compared with the wages of the workmen on the other side of the water, the more ignorant of them may be induced to submit to reductions without knowing that they are rapidly nearing the level of the so-called ‘pauper labor’ of Europe. Intelligent workmen, however, are praying deeply just now' that their protectionist friends may cease their hard labors to raise the wind by tariff laws so as to take time to give their professions a practical turn by raising wages in fact. But if we may judge men by their actions we are justified in asserting that if these professional friends of labor thought that a tariff would raise wages they would drop it quickly. “In a recent number of the Manufacturer, the organ of 'the protectionist manufacturers, its editor, in a labored article, tried to show that the English manufacturers were selling their goods here as cheaply as they did before the present law went into effect, and that this made it evident that the foreign manufacturers were paying the tax for the privilege of selling in our markets. In another article of the same number, the fact is stated that botany tops have declined in price in the London market 16 cents per pound, and this is given as a partial reason for their ability to sell at the old rates, but when we consider that this decline in wool prices is equivalent to a saving of 32 cents and upward on every pound of manufactured cloth, we may find it to be the whole reason. Here is a pretty mixture of fact and fancy; but then if the tariff advocates’ facte were given without a mixture of fancies their cause would suffer badly. “On a par with this is their averment that the materials of manufacture are not deteriorating. They dare not put their workingmen on the stand to testify to this under oath, for then there would be a full corroboration of the statements made to your honorable Committee of Ways and Menns by the committee of the Wool Consumers’ Association that the McKinley law lias largely promoted the adulteration of woolen manufactures. It is only necessary to state one fact to ,expose the falsity of their claim. If all the Wool In the Country, domestic and Imported, outside of that used in carpets, were made into pure woolen gbods, W 0 would not have over 80,000,000 pounds of clothes, dress goods, hats, blankets, tmdenrear, etc., for our 62,000,000 people, or a little over pounds for each Individual. “Who dares to say that this is sufficient to keep us from becoming a nation of-abakers at the slightest blast of cold, and who dares to say that 80,000,000 pounds will cover all the goods that arts sold teethe American public as all-wool manufactures in a year? One must be silly indeed to believe’ this. But we must not forget that they have learned to manufacture wool by putting old castoff clothing through a chemical process which eats out all but the wool in them,’ and this residue is recarded and used to mix with other wool, but as the life is out of it It is no better than cotton, and thus between the cold and diseases transmitted through theold clothes there V

is at least one infant Industry well pro- ' tooted—that of the doctors. “With reference to the difference beI tween American and foreign wages wo are prepared to show that in many branches our rates are even below the English rates, and the same Is true even * of actual earnings. The rate paid for - woolen weaving in the Huddersfield 1 (England) district varies from 1 cent for eight picks to 1 cent for six picks, according to the rata of work, with extra pay for extra heddles, extra colors, and ’ extra beams, while ours Is from 1 cent ’ for nine picks to 1 cent for five picks, ’ with no extras. Thus for sixty pick work the English rate is 7} cents to 10 1 , cents per yard, extras to be added, ’ while our rate is from 6 cents to 12 cento per yard and no extras. “If the American weaver earns more money in a week, it is simply because he 1 works faster and turns off more product. . 1 “Now we declare, without fear of con- ■ tradiotlon, that there 16 not now a woolen | ' manufacturer in Philadelphia who does 1 not privately long foL ffffo wool, and 1 those who openly advocate taxed wool i 1 are actuated by partisan rancor, and wo 1 are still more emphatic in the declaration that there is not in Philadelphia one 1 woolen tvorker in a hundred who would 1 not openly ask for free wool If he 1 were free from the sinister Influences of 1 the bosses. As we prefer our own prosperity and bread and butter to party I 1 success, we ask for free wool without 1 reference to its effects upon party. > “The stubborn perversity and dishoni esty of the protectionists is nowhere bet- ’ ter shown than in their steady refusal to > correct the glaring inconsistencies and 1 mischievous discriminations of the tariff i laws even after their attention had been 1 called to them repeatedly. One is the ; ' discrimination against American manu- ! factures involved in the adjustment of i duties between the raw materials and | 1 the finished products, and the other the , placing of a heavier tax upon the poor j 1 man’s necessities than upon the rich ■ man’s luxuries. We called their atten- ; tion to these points as far back as the spring of 1886, and the protectionist National Association of Woolen Manufacturers pointed out substant.ally the same errors in their letter to the Secretary of I the Treasury in the fall of 1885, and hence they could not consistently overlook it, and yet in the make-up of the McKinley act this infernal piece of injustice was not only retained but made worse than ever. “This shows that in a vicious and determined purpose to serve a few masters they lost sight entirely of their duty to do justice to the people. In fact it appeared to be a pleasure to them to shift the burdens of taxation off the shoulders of the rich to those of the poor—to make labor the pack-mule of the rich. The , unanimous cry of the protectionist man- I ufacturers now is that the McKinley law be let alone because it is doing the manufacturers a great deal of good. Yet in the face of this there is yet to be recorded one important instance of a raise of wages, while instances of the paring down of wages are numerous. ” Protection In Enjlan.l. Edward Atkinson writes as follows on the history of protection in England: A very common but utterly erron ous idea prevails in this country that Great Britain only gave up the system technically called protection when by means of this bystem she had attained conditions of great prosperity and a substantially commanding position in manufactures and commerce. The very reverse is true. The protective system was given up by Great Britain under the pressure of pauperism and bankruptcy in which it culminated in the years immediat ly preceding 1812, when Sir Robert Peel presented and carried his first great measure for the reform of the British tariff. The origin of customs in England was : in the time of Edward I.; thenceforward duties were added and multiplied, each ; rate being devoted to a specific purpose, until in 1784 as many as tlf een separate duties were levied upon the same article. In 1787 William Pitt carried through an act for consolidation without reducing the number of articles taxed; this rm as- i ure left 1,200 articles subject to duty, and in order to bring the act into force ; 3,000 resolutions were requ red in the House of Commons. In 1707, however, the laws relating to customs filled six large folio volumes unprovided with an index. The great subsequent wars rendered nugatory all of Pitt’s efforts to relieve commerce; between 1797 and 1815 600 additional acta were passed, and in fifty-three years of the reign of George 111. the total number of acts relating to duties on imports was 1,300. At length taxes became so numerous that nothing was left untaxed; even premiums offered for the suggestion of fresh subjects for taxation failed to stimulate invention. ’ In 1824, under the lead of’ Huskisson, several of the crude materials necessary to British industry had been put into the free list, of which the most important was wool. This change had worked great benefit to both wool-grower and manufacturer; the price of domestic wool advanced, while the manufacturer was enabled to reduce the cost of goods through the opportunity given him by freedom from taxation on Imported wool to buy, sort, and mix his wool in the most effective manner. The first decisive step In tariff reform was brought about in 1840 by the appointment of a Parliamentary committee at the instance of Mr, Joseph Hume. The condition of the country was then desperate. The most concise account of the case is given in Noble’s “Fiscal Legislation of Great Britain,” but all authorities—Liberal aryl Topy—are substantially at an agreement upon that point. It is written that “every interest in the Country was alike depressed; in the manufacturing districts mills and workshops were closed and property daily depreciated in value; In the seaports shipping was laid up useless in harbor; agricultural laborers were eking out a miserable existence upon starvation wages and parochial relief; the revenue was insufficient to meet the national expenditure; ’ the country was brought to the verge of national and universal bankruptcy. "The protective 'System, which was supported with a view to rendering the country independent of foreign sources of supply, and’thus, it was hoped, fostering the growth of a home trade, had most effectually destroyed that trade by reducing the entire population to beggary, destitution and want.' The masses of the population were unable to procure food, and had consequently nothing to spend upon British manufactures.” A large part of the burden of taxation rested either upon necessary articles of food or else upon articles which were necessary component materials in British industry. At that very time, when the protective system culminated in the desperate conditions of Great Britain in 1840, it will be observed that it was at the end of a period of profound peace which had lasted over twenty-five years, in which the personal wealth of the upper classes of Great Britain had become immense. When presenting his first measure of the tariff reform, Sir Robert Peel remarked, after stating the deficit and the financial difficulties to bo met: “You will bear in mind that this is no casual and occasional difficulty. You will bear in mind that there are indications among all the upper - classes of society of increased comfort and'enjoyment; of increased prosperity and wealth; and that, concurrently with these indications, there exists a mighty evil which has been growing up for the

. last seven years, and which you are now called upon to meet." This evil ' was the increasing poverty and destltui I tion of the great mass of the working -1 people. The remedy was sought in a > redistribution of the burden of taxai tion. The tariff then covered 1,200 ■ | separate subjects of taxation, of which I seventeen yielded 94 per cent, of the , revenue; the rest were petty obstructions to commerce, imposed for the purpose of "protection with incidental revenue." That purpose was not, how- , j ever, avowed in these exact terms at I that time, as it has lately been- In this country by the advocates of McKlnleyism. In the first measure Sir Robert Peel , wholly abated or reduced the duty upon ! a consistent plan on 750 articles, and also caused an Income tax of 7d. on the ! pound to be put upon classified incomes, I which is a fraction less than 3 percent., I all incomes below £l5O being exempt. I From this income tax ho anticipated a i revenue of £3,770.000 in the first year. ; It yielded £5,100,000, conclusively provI ing that under the previous system, while the poor had been rapidly reduced to pauperism, the rich had become richer. Like causes produce like effects. Under the pretext of protection to the miners of this country, and especially Pennsylvania, a duty has long been maintained upon the import of foreign iron ores; it is now 75 cents a ton, which is precisely equal to the labor cost of producing a ton of iron ore in Pennsylvania—according to the sworn statements of the ironmasters of Pennsylvania, by whom its iron mines are 1 ■worked. The result of this system in j the last census year—a year of the ; greatest activity ever known—was that 4,410 iron miners and workmen secured i an income of $259 each, amounting in I all to $1,141,239. Thereare ironmasters I in the State of Pennsylvania whose ! single incomes in a single year have exi ceeded the whole sum earned by the ' protected iron miners. The effect of the first measure cf tariff reform in Great Britain —that of 1842— was not immediately perceptible, the evil effect of the previous conditions being very Beep-seated; but before 1845 the beneficial inflAnce upon every branch of industry, agriculture, manufactures, and commerce alike, had become so manifest that little opposition was met to Peel’s second great act of tariff reform of IH>, by which 430 articles. consisting of the crude and partly manufactured materials which entered into the processes of domestic industry, were put on the free list, the duties on the lessening number of dutiable imports being at the same time reduced and adjusted to those new conditions, I In 1846 the Irish famine forced the j abatement of all taxes upon food, by orders in Council, subsequently followed by the repeal of the com laws. In 1847 Sir Robert Peel left office, but the immense benefits to every branch of British industry rendered it a comparatively easy matter to bring the tariff j substantially to its present condition in ; 1853, coupled with a repeal of the navi- ; gation laws under the lead of Mr. Glad- I stone. Since that date the people of the ! United States have been forbidden by ' their own acts to compete with Great j Britain in the construction and use of | ocean steamships, while the commercial flag of Great Britain dominates every sea under the beneficent influence of freedom from all restrictions and by virtue of the protection which is given by exemption from taxation on all the materials used in the construction and in the subsistence of the vessels. The People and the Sugar Trust. WITH A TARIFF ON REFINED SUGAR. The Sugar Trust is “protected:” (a) By duty of i cent per pound on refined sugar, (b) By natural advantage or protection of i of a cent per pound. Present price of raw sugar, 96 degrees centrifugal, 3J cents per pound. Present price of refined sugar, granulated, 4g cents per pound. Difference between above prices, 1J cents per pound. Cost of refining, not over g cent per pound. Ne‘ profit on refined sugar, f cent per pound. Net profit per barrel, $2.03J.‘ • Net profit on 12,600,000 barrels, or minimum yearly production, $25,593,000. Actual value of Sugar Trust properties, about $35,000,000. Rate of profit on actual valuation, 73.08 per cent. Sugar, Trust capitalization: 7 per cent, preferred stock, $37,500,000; common stock, $37,500,000; 6 per cent, bonds, $10,000,000. After paying 7 per cent, on preferred stock and 6 per cent, interest on bonds, the above rate of profit Would yield 59.65 per cent on the common stock. WITHOUT A TARIFF ON REFINED SUGAR. The natural advantage or protection to sugar trust is j cent per pound. Price of raw sugar, 96 degrees centrifugal, 3 J cents per pound. Price of refined sugar, granulated A, 4 cents per pound. Difference between above prices, J cent per pound. Cost of refining, not over f cent per pound. Net profit on refined sugar, J cent per pound. Net profit per barrel, 81} cents. Net profit on 12,600,000 barrels, or minimum yearly production, $10,237,500 per year. After paying 7 per cent, on preferred stock and 6 per cent, on bonds, the above rate of profit would yield 18.7 per cent on the common stock. Proposed rate of saving to the people by means of free sugar, $15,356,000 per annum. Present rate of extortion from the people by means of the tariff, g cent per pound or $15,356,000 per annum. In the compilation of these figures we have treated the trust very liberally. Is it not time that the wholesale extortion now practiced by the trust be stopped? Let us have free sugar in reality and not merely in name.—New York Daily Commercial Bulletin. Oat Meal. Act I.—Scene: Congress, act of 1890. (Duties raised.) McKinley increases the duty on oat meal from half a cent to one cent per pound in the interest of the manufacturers of Ohio. Act II. —Scene: Columbus, Ohio, January, 1891. (Trust formed.) Under the heading: “All the Oat Meal Mills Consolidated,” the New York Tribune describes what occurred as follows: “Incorporation papers were filed at Columbus to-day for the Consolidated Oat Meal Company, with a capital of $3,500,000. All the oat-meal mills are thus brought under, one management, with headquarters at Akron, Ohio." Act lll.—Scene: Factory. (Wages reduced.) Soon after the formation of the trust the men and women employed in the Akron Mills, the largest in the trust, were forced to accept a large reduction in wages. Some have been compelled to submit to these reductions since the opening of the first act. Act IV.—Scene: Offices of the Trust. (Prices raised.) Oat meal that sold for $4.90 per barrel when the McKinley bill passed at this time sells as htgh as $7.40 per barrel. Act V.—Scene: Ravenna, Ohio, April 1, 1892. (Factories closed.) The Quaker Mills, with a daily capacity of 400 barrels, has been closed by the trust for an indefinite period, and 100 men thrown out of employment.

■ Dll. TALMAGE’S.SERMON. y, . ,| DEPLORABLE RESULTS OF INDOLENCE PORTRAYED. I _____ I Solomon'* Naetre and Denunciation ot the Sluggard—Some Ara Born Lasy, Some Achieve Lastnee* and Some Dave Laslae** Forced on Them. Good Game Wasted. Dr. Talmage’s text was Proverbs xii, 27, "The slothful man roasteth not that which ho took in hunting.” David and Jeremiah and Ezekiel and Micah and Solomon of the text showed that some time thdy had been out on a hunting expedition. Spears, lances, swords and nets wore employed in this service. A deep pitfall would be digged. In the center of it there was some raised ground with a pole on which a lamb, would be fastened, and the wild beast not seeing the pitfall, but only seeing the lamb would plunge for its prey and dash down, itself captured. Birds were caught tn gins or pierced with arrows. The hunters in olden time had two missions—one to clear the land of ferocious beasts, and the other to obtain moat for themselves and their families. The occupation and habit of hunters are a favorite Bible simile, David said be was hunted by his enemy like a partridge upon the mountain. My text is a hunting scene. ~ A sportsman arrayed In a garb appropriate to the wild chase lets slip the , bloodthirsty hounds from their kennels, and mounting his fleet horse, with a halloo and the yell ot a greyhound pack , they are off and away, through brake and del), over marsh and moor, across chasms where a misstep would hurl horse and rider to death, plunging into mire up to the haunches or into swift streams up to the bit, till the game is tracked by dripping foam and blood, and the antlers crack on the rocks, and the hunter has just time to be in at the death. Yet, after all the haste and peril of the chase, my text represents this sportsman as being too indolent to dress the game and prepare it for food. He lets it lie in the dooryard of his home and become a portion for vermin and beaks of prey. Thus by one master stroke Solomon gives a picture of laziness, when he says, "The slothful man roasteth not that which he took in hunting.” The most of hunters have the game they shot or entrapped cooked the same evening or the nextday, but not so with this laggard of the text. Too lazy to rip off the hide. Too lazy to kindle the lire and put the gridiron on j the coals. I The first picture I ever bought was an ’ engraving of Thorwaldsen’s "Autumn.” ■ The clusters of grapes are ripe on the I vine of jhe homestead, and the returned hounds, panting from the chase, are lying on the doorsill and the hunter is un- . shouldering the game, while the house- * wife is about to take a portion of it and , prepare it for the evening meal. Unlike the person of the text, she was enough ■ industrious to roast that which had been ! taken in hunting. Bnt the world has 1 jiad many a specimen since Solomon’s ; time of those whose lassitude and imI providence and absurdity were depicted In my text The most of those who have made a dead failure of life can look back and see a time when a great opportunity opened, but they did not know it They were not as wise as George Stephenson, “the father of railways," who, when at 16 years of age he received an appointment to work at a pumping engine for twelve shillings a week, cried out, "Now, I am a made man for life.” God gives to most men.at least one good opportunity. A great Grecian general was met by a group of beggars, and he said to them: “If you want beasts to plow your land I will lend you some. If you want land I will give yon some. If you want seed to sow your land, I will see that you get IL But I will encourage none in idleness.” So God gives to most people an opportunity of extrication from depressed circumstances. As if to create in us a hatred for indolence,-God has made those animals which are sluggfsh to appear loathsome in our eyes, while those which are fleet and active he has clothed with attractiveness. The tortoise, the sloth, the snail, the crocodile repel us, while the deer and the gazelle are as pleasing as they are fleet, and from the swift wings of innumerable birds God has spared no purple or gold or Jet or crimson or snowy whiteness. Besides all this, the Bible is constantly assaulting the vice of laziness. Solomon seems to order the idler out of his sight as being, beyond all human instruction when he says: “Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways and be wise.” And Paul seems to drive him up from his dining table before he gets through with the first coarse of food with the assertion, “If any will not work, neither shall he eat” Now, what are the causes of laziness and what are its evil results? I knew a man who was never Up to time. It seemed impossible for film to meet an engagement When ha was to be married he missed the train. His watch seemed to take on the habits of its owner, and was always too slow. He had a constitutional lethargy for which he did not seem responsible. So indolence often arises from the natural temperament I do not know but there is a constitutional tendency to this vice in every man. However active you may generally be, have vou not on some warm spring day felt a touch of this feeling on you, although you may have shaken it off as you would a reptile? But some are so powerfully tempted to this by their bodily constitution that all the work of their lite has been accomplished with this lethargy hanging on their back or treading on their heels. You sometimes behold it in childhood. The child moping and lounging within doors while his brothers and sisters are at play, or if he loin them he is behind tn every race and beaten In every game. His nerves, his muscles, his bones are smitten with this palsy. He vegetates gather than lives, creeps rather thanwalks, yawns rather than breathes. The anima) in his nature is stronger than the intellectual. He is generally a great eater and active only when he cannot digest what he has eatbn. It requires as much effort for him to walk as for others to run. Languor and drowsiness are bis natural inheritance. He is built for a slow sailing vessel, a heavy hulk and an insnfficlentcutwater. Place an active man in such a bodily structure and the latter would be shaken to pieces in one day. Every law of physiology demands that he be supine. Such a one is not responsible for this powerful tendency ot his nature. His great duty is resistance. ..When 1 see a man fighting an unfortunate temperament all my sympathies are groused, and I think of Victor Hugo’s, account of a scene on a warship, where, in the midst of a storm at sea, a great cannon got loose, and it was crashing this way and that and would 1 have destroyed the ship; and the chlpf gunner, at the almost certain destruction of his own life, rushed at it with a handspike to thrust between the spokes of the wheel of the rolllug cannon, and by a fortunate leverage arrested the gun till it could be lashed faitT But that struggle did not seem so disheartening M that man enters upon wJWtaUempta to fight his natural temperament, whether It be too fast or too slow, too nervous or too lymphatic. God help him for God only pan.

Furthermore, Indolence is often the re- * suit of easy circumstances. Rough experience in earlier life seems to bo ueces- _ sary in order to make a man active and enterprising. Mountaineers are nearly alwayi swarthy, and those who have tolled among mountains of trouble get the most nerve and muscle and brain. • Those who have become the deliverers * of nations, once had not whore to lay . their heads. Locusts and wild honey have been the fare of many a John the Baptist, while those whb have been fondled of fortune and potted aud praised have often grown up lethargic. , They have none of that heroism which t comes from fighting one’s own battles. The warm summer sun of prosperity has I weakened and relaxed them. Born among 1 the luxuries of lifeexertion has been unt necessary, and therefore they spend , their time in taking it easy. They may j enter into business, but they are un- . fitted for its application, its hardships, I for fts repulses, and after having lost the , most of that which they have invested. ; go back to thorough inaction. This > costly yacht may do well enough on the t smooth, glassy bay, but cannot live an i hour amid a chopped sea. Another cause of indolence la severe . discouragement. There are those around i us wbo started life with the most san- • gulne expectation. Their enterprise ox- . cited the remarks of all compeers. But , some sudden and ovorwlffllining misi fortune met them, and henceforth they t have been inactive. Trouble, instead of . making them more determined, has overthrown them. They have lost all . self reliance. They ietagine that all i men and all occurrences are against them. They hang their heads where , once they walked upright. They never look you up in the eyes. They become i misanthropic and pronounce all men i liars and scoundrels. They go melani cholic and threadbare to their graves, i You’cannot rouse them to action by the ; most glittering offer. In most cases these persons have been honorable and upright all their lives, for rogues never get discouraged, as there is always some other plot they have not laid and some other trap they have not sprung. There are but few sadder sights than a man of talent and tact and undoubted capacity giving up life as a failure, like a line of magnificent steamers rotting against wharves, from which they ought to have been carrying the exportations of a nation. Every great financial panic produces a large crop of such men. In the great establishments where they were partners in business they are now weighers or draymen or clerks on small salary. > Reverie is also a cause of indolence. There are multitudes of men who expect to achieve great success in life, who are entirely unwilling to put forth any physical, moral or intellectual effort. They have a great many eloquent theories of Ufa They ate all the while expecting something to turn up. They pass their life in dreaming. They have read ffi light literature how men suddenly and unexpectedly came to largo estates, or found a pot qf Buried gold at the foot of the rainbow of Good Luck, or had some great offer made them. They have passed their lives in reverla Notwithstanding he is pinched with poverty and any other man would be downcast at the forlorn prospect, he is always cheerful and sanguine and jovial, for he does not know but that he may be within a day or two of astounding success. Yqu cannot but be entertained with his cheerfulness of temper. AU the world wish.es him well,for he never did anybody any harm. At last he dies in just the same condition in which he lived, sorrowful only because he must leave the world just at the time when his long thought of plans were about to be successful. Let no young man begin life with reverie. There is nothing accomplished without hard work. Do not in Idleness expect something to turn up. it will turn down. Indolence and wickedness always make bad luck. These people of reverie are always about to begin. They say, “Wait a llttla” So with the child who had a cage containing a beautiful canary and the door of the cage was open, and a cat was in the room. ‘‘Better Jshut the door of the cage,” . raid the mother. “Walt a minute,” said the boy. While he was waiting the feline creature with one spring took the canary. The way that mafty lose the opnortunity of a lifetime is by the same principle. They say, “Wait a minute.” My advice is not to wait at all. Again, bad habits are a fruitful source of indolenca Sinful indulgences shut a man’s shop and dull his tools and steal his profits. Dissoluteness is generally the end of industry. There are those who have the rare faculty of devoting occasionally a day or a week to loose indulgences, and at the expiration of that time go back with bleared eyps and tremulous hands and bloated cheeks to the faithful and successful performance of their duties. Indeed their employers and neighbors expect this amosement or occasional season of frolic and wassail. . Some of the best workmen and most skillful artisans have this mode of conducting themselves, but as the time roils on the season of dissipation becomes more protracted and the season of steadiness and sobriety more limited, until the employers become disgusted and the man is given up to a continual and ruinous idleness. When that point has arrived he rushes to destruction with astonishing velocity. When a man with wrong proclivities of appetite has nothing to do. no former self respect or moral restraint or the beseechings of kindred can save him. The only safety for a man who feels himself under the fascination of any form of temptation is an employment which affords neither recreation nor holiday. Nothing can fie more unfortunate for a man of evil inclination than an occupation which keeps him exceedingly busy during a part of the year and then leaves him for and months entirely unemployed. There are many men who cannot endure protracted leisure. They arc like fractious steeds that must constantly be kept to the load, for a week’s quiet makes them intractable and uncontrollabla Bad habits produce idleness, and idleness produces bad habits. The probability IS that you will either have to giye up your loose indulgences or else give up your occupation. Sin will take ail enthusiasm out of your work and make you sick of life’s drudgery, and though now and then between your seasons of dissipation you may rouse up to a sudden activity and start again' in the chase of some high and noble end, even though you catch the game you will sink back into slothfulness before you have roasted that which you took in hunting. Bad habits uniitja man for everything but politics. Now, what are the results of indolence? A marked consequence of this vice is physical disease. The healthiness < of .the whole natural world depends upon afAlvlty. The winds, tossed and driven in endless circuits, scattering the mists from the mountains, and scooping out death damps from the eaves, and blasting the miasma of swamps, and hurling back the fetid atmosphere of great cities, are healthy lust because of their swiftness and uncontrollableness of sweep. But, after awhile, the wind falls and the hot sun pours through it, and when the leaves are still and the grain fields bond not once ail dav long, then pestilence smites its victims and digs trenches for The fountain, born far up in the wild wood of the mountain, comes down brighter for every obstacle against which

» —MI ' 1 » I — l . It is riven, and singing a new song on • every shelf of rock over which It bounds, - till it rolls over the water-wheel* In the I valley, not ashamed to grind corn, and r run* through the long grass of the > meadow, whore the willow* roach down : to dip their brunches, and the unyoked oxen come at eventide to cool. Healthy i water! Bright water! Happy water! ’ While »oino stream, too lazy any more to run, gathers itself in,to a wayside pool, • where the swine wallow, aud filthy Ini sects hop over the surface, and reptiles I crawl among the ooze, and frogs utter their hideous croak, and by day and i night there rises from the foul miro and green scum fever and ague and death. i There Is an endless activity underfoot : and overhead. Not one four o’clock in the flower-bed, I not one fly on the Window-pane, not one squirrel gathering food from the cone* of the white pine, not one rabbit feeding on clover tops, not one drop falling in a i shower, nqt one minnow glancing in the sea, not one quail whistling from the i grass, not one hawk cawing In the sky i but is busy now and is busy always, fulfilling its mission as certainly as any monarch ou earth or any angel in Heaven. You hear the shout of the plowboys busv in the field and the rattle of the whifiletrees on the harrow, but you du not know that there Is more in- . dustrv in the earth upturned and in the dumb vegetation underfoot than iu all that you sea Furthermore, notice that indolpnce endangers the soul. Satan makes his chief conquests over men who either have nothing to do, or. If they have, refuse to do it. There is a legend that BL Thomas, years after Christ's resurrection, begaif again to doubt, and ho went to the Apostles and told them about his doubts. Each Apostle looked at him with surprise aud then said he must be excused, for ho had no time to listen any longer. Then St. Thomas went to the devout women of his time and expressed his doubts. They said they were sorry, but I they had no time to listen. Then St. Thomas concluded that it was because' they were so busy that the Apostles and the devout women had no doubts. Idleness not only loads a man into associations which harm hi* morals, but often thrusts upon him the worst kind of skepticism. Loafers are almost always infidels, or fast getting to ba Consummate idlers never read the ■ Bible; and if they appear In church can , be distinguished in an audience ot a thousand by their listiessness, for they are too lazy to hear. It is not so much among occupied merchants, industrious mechanics and professional men always busy that you hear the religion of Jesus ‘ maligned, as in public lounging places, i given up to profanity and dissoluteness. ' They have no sympathy with the Book that says, “Lot him that stole steal no more; but rather lot him labor, working with his hands The thing which is good, . that he may have to give to him that needeth." I never knew a man given up to thorough idleness that was converted. Simon . and Andrew were converted while fish- ’ ing, and Lydia while selling purple, and the shepherds of Bethlehem watching their flocks beard the voice of angels, and Gideon was thrashing on the thrashing floor, but no one was ever converted with his bauds In his pocsets Let me tell the idler that there is no hope for him either in.this world or in the world which is to come. If the Son of God, who owned the whole universe, worked in the carpenter shop of Jose uh, surely we, who own so little, yet want so much, ought to be busy. The redeemed in H.caven are never idla What exciting songs they slug! Ou what message of love they fly through all the universe; fullilling God’s high behests and taking worlds in one circuit; rushing with infinite fierceness against sin and cruelty and oppression, aud making the gates of hell to quake at; She overthrow of the principalities of darkness, and tn.the same twinkle of an eye speeding back to their thrones with the news of sinners repentant. The River of Life Is ever flowing, and the palms ever waving, and the hallelujahs > ever rising, and the harps over sounding, ' and the temple always open, and the golden streets always a rush with chariots of salvation, and too last pl>ca which you ought ever to want to ro to is Heaven, unless you want to bo busy. Alas, my hearers, that in this world there should be so many loungers and so few workers We go into the vineyard; of the church and we hear the arbor groan under the heft of the vine* and the clusters hanging down, large and thick and ripe, cluster against cluster, fairer than the bunches of Eshcol and Engedi, and at a touch they will turn into wine more ruddy than that of Llbanus and Helbon. But where are the men to gather the vintage and tread the wino press? There comes to youi oar a sound of a thousand wheat fields ready for the sickle. The grain is ready. It Is tall, it is full, it. is golden. It waves in the sunlight. It rustles in the wind. It; would fill the barns. It would crowd ' the garners. After awhile it will lodge, or the mildew and'the rust will smite it Oh, where are the reapers to bind the sheaves! The enemies of God are marshaled. You see the glitter of their bucklers. You hear the pawlug of their chargers, and all along the line o.f battle ' Is hoard the shout of their great captain, i aud at the armies of the living God they | hurl their defiance. They come, not in , numbers like the hosts of Sennacherib, but their multitude is like the leaves of the forest, and the sound of their voices like the thunder of the sea. Mailed In hell’s impenetrable armor, they advance with the waving of their banners and the dancing of their plumes. Their ranks are not easily to bo broken, for the batteries of boil will open to help them and ten thousand angels of darkness mingle in the fight. Where are the chosen few who will throw themselves into the jaws of this conflict? King James gave to Sir John Scott, for his courage, a charter of arms with a number of spears for the crest and the motto, “Ready! aye', ready!" and yet, when God calls us to the work and the cause demands our espousal and interests dreadful as the judgment and solemn as eternity tremble in the balance, how few of us are willing to throw ourselves into the breach, crying, “Ready! aye, ready!” Oh, I should like to see God arise for the defense of His own'cause and the disenthralment of a world in bondage! How the fetters would snap and how the darkness would fly, and how Heaven would sing. You have never seen an army like that which God shall gather from thh four winds of Heaven to fight His battles. They shall cover every hilltop and stretch through every valley and man the vessels on every sea. There shall neither be uproar nor wrath nor smoke nor bloodshed. Harvests shall not lie waste in the track nor cities be consumed. Instead of the groans of captives shall come the song of those redeemed. So with Agrippa when almost persuaded to be a Christian. So with the loveiv young man who went away from Christ very sorrowful, So with tens' of thousands who have whole hands fnil whole steles full of winged opportunities which profit them nothing at all, because they roast not that which they took in hunting. Oh, make out of this captured moment a banquet for eternity. The greatest prize in the universe to bo won is the love and pardon of Christ Win that and you can say: Now I h»v« found * friend WbCM love *h*ll never end. JeiMiemiaet

THE NATIONAL SOLONS. SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Our National Lawmaker* and What They Are Doing for the Good of the Coaniry— Varion* Maaaure* Propoaed, Dl»ou»*e4. aud Acted Upon. Doing* ot Congre**. On the 10th the Senate ratlfled the convention providing lor a rnnewal ot tire exletlng modus vlvendl in flehrlng Soil aha bill to amend the act of Juno 2S> 1800, approving tho funding act of Arizona, wae taken up and loud. A provision that Hie Interest on tho bond* provided for in tho Ariton* funding act should be ptyalle "In gold coin of th* United htatot," wa« amended to rend «ln lawful moner of tho United and the bill patted. Mr. George's resolution relating to tho low price of cotton and the * deproasod condition ot ngrlcultui o wae then taken up, amended and agreed to. The joint resolution to pay to the State of West Virginia tho amount duo to it under the “direct tnx refund” act we* then taken up and passed without arty discussion. In the House the well *• vortlsed contested election from New York of Noyes sigaint* Rockwell was taken up. and ccinumed the whole time without doßnite uct on. On tho 20th, after the ueual morning business. Mr. Shermnn notlfled the Senate that further examination of the Chinese immigration question had convinced tho Committee on Foreign Relations that the existing Chinese exclusion legislation would not expire till 1804, and that there Wire therefore no pressure for immediate adtlon on tho question. He would, however, call it up to the convenience of Senators who desired to speak upon the subject Thereupon the silver resolution offered by Nr. Morgan was taken up. and consumed the rest of the session. In the Rouse the NoyesRockwell elation cree was the sole subject ot consideration. Tho d’scuselon. tliourh good from a legal and technical standpoint, was utterly devoid us interest from a sensational one Pe 'ding further i discussion the House adjourned. In tire Senate, tho2lst, bllLs .>ere passed as I follows: House bill to create a third divii elon of the district ot Kansas tor judicial purposes. Senate bill for the appointment ot consuls to the Congo Free State. To amend tho laws relating to purchase ot and contract for supplies. Providing for sundry lighthouses and other aids to navigation. This bill appro- . prlates $504,300 for a large number of lighthouses and other aids to navigation, mostly in the great. lakov; to ostablbh a military ; post near Helena, Mont, (a; preprinting $300,000). The Houso bill to prohibit absolutely, the coming ot Chinese pers ns into United States was taken up for consideration, but not disposed of. The Noyes-Rock-well contested election case again consumed all the time ot the House. In the Senate, the 22d, the following bills i were passed: House bill to amend act of i Jan. 10. 1880, providing for the discharge of the duties of the President in c: so of his death, etc., by providing that the Secretary of Agriculture shall come in after f the Secretary of the Interior. Senate . joint resolution extending an invitation to the King and Queen ot hpaln and the descendants of Columbus to participate in the World's (olumblan Exposition. Joint resolution requesting the loan from i Spain of certain articles (Columbian relic*) for the World’s Columbian Exposition. Extending an invitation to the President* : of the American republics and ths Governors of the American eolonle* to participate In the World’s Coiutnbi in Exposition. After some discussion a bill “as pas-bd anthorlzlng the Secretary of the In erlortolncrease to sl2 a ni< nth the pensl n ot every pensioner wbo is now on the rolls at N a month on account ot service In tho Mexican war. and who Is wholly disabled tor manual labor, and is In such destitute circumstances that ?S a month is insufficient to provide him with tho necessaries of life. The Chinese exclusion bill was then taken up. Tn the House, tho Noyes-Rockwell contested election case was decided in • favor of Rockwell, tho sitting member.. On the Diamond. Following is a showing of the standing of each ot the teams ot the difforont associations: NATIONAL LKAOUa. W. L. Vc.| W. L Ro., LonisviUs... 6 1.« 7 Cleveland... * 3 .300 Boston 6 1 .(57 Wuhingt'n. 2 8 .409 Pittsburg.... S 2 .7»Pbiladelp’a. 2 » .283 Brooklyn.... 5 2 .714 Chicago 2 A .93* NewTork..,4 2 ,«J7Baltimore.. 2 6 .SUB Cincinnati... 3 3 .500 St. Loni*,... 1 6 .149 WKSTttHN LEAGUE.' W. L. WO. W. L «0. Milwaukee.., 8 o Linn Bt, Panl 2 9 .6<X> Kansas City. 8 1.75 i Mlnno>p'Us. 1 9 ,883 0maha...... 2 1 .(W Toledo I S .730 Columbus... 2 9 .COO Indian’pT*.. 0 3 .000 The Woman’* Crusade. Chicago women held a mass meeting recently to. decide on some plan for ; cleaning the streets of the city. These j women will find there is nothing equal to a trailing skirt. It does the work every time.—Toledo Blade. Chicago women have organized to clean the streets. They' don’t propose to manipulate the sweepers, shovels and carts themselves, but will see'that the work Is done. Why don’t they all wear trains?—Bt. Louis Chronicle. The women of Chicago have formed an association the object of which is to keep the streets of the city clean. The : women have been sweeping the streets : for a year past, and unless there is danger of fashion* decreeing shorter skirts the need of an association Is not apparent.—St. Louis Post-Dispatch. The women of Chicago have attacked the dirty streets and are doing free of ; cost what the city paid a contractor ■ thousands forjiot doing. A number of ' Omaha women thought seriously of I doing the same thing, but after looking i the streets over concluded the job was too great to undertake.—Omaha WorldHerald. Caught in the Act. The arrest of a Chlcaga woman for smuggling false teeth over the Canadian border furnishes another illustration of the difficulty experienced by the sex In keeping their mouths shut in important crises.—lndianapolis News. Chicago’s customs officers have seized several sets of false teeth which were smuggled. Some people will have to subsist on “spoon vlttels" till the next consignment arrives.—Boston News. A Rosa Bonheur, hidden between mattresses, was seized by a customs officer in New York. Our hospitality to art does not show in a striking light when her choice works are thus obliged, like midnight burglars, to hide under beds that their presence may not publy be known.—Baltimore American. Do not wear your diamonds under a porous plaster. A New York customs Inspector the other day had his suspicions aroused by tho actions of one of the passengers of the steamer Saale, just over from Bremen, and on examination It was found that tho smuggler had several pairs of diamond and pearl ear-rings under a porous plaster on his back. The lot was valued at about S6OO. —Ohio State Journal. „ Saved by a Bed Skirt. Presence of mind and the right color of underclothing enabled a Mrs. Baker of Allegheny, Pa., twn or three days ago to flag a passenger train in time to prevent Its running Into a tunnel that had caved in.—Savannah News A woman has just saved a train on the Pittsburg and Western Railroad from a smash-up In a. tunnel by the strictly feminine presence of mind with which she, waved her red flannel petticoat This shows the Importance of costume in Critical emergencies. So, no wonder the chorus girls who are to play highland lads in “Tho Ohildcof Fortune" at the Casino protest against kilts. There Is not enough wave m a kilt even to Xrtk GoH-