Decatur Democrat, Volume 35, Number 34, Decatur, Adams County, 13 November 1891 — Page 2

©he xv^<%z%x\x%x i xx* DECATUR, IND. W. BLACKBURN, ... Pyuma Grass widows are not exempt from hay fever. ■No in this country or any other can assume a more youthful 82d than can Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes. The statue of William Penn for the Philadelphia City Hall weighs 40,000 pofunds. Philadelphia can’t “take heir Penn in hand,” anyway. An astute bachelor declares that he is never going to marry till he can get a wife with money enough so that he can support her handsomely. You can tell more about a man’s character by trading horses with him once than you can by hearing him talk for a year in prayer-meeting. Emperor William is said to favor the whipping-post as a means for the repression of immorality. In this idea he is warmly opposed by most of the nobility. Nice parents those over in Jersey who have been keeping their idiot girl for years in a cage six feet by two. Thelaw doesn’t pro fide adequate punishment for such folks. Ignatius Donnelly is suing a paper for SIOO,OOO damages for libel. There are more ciphers in that than IgL found in Shakspeare, and he’s likely to get a cipher for a verdict. A late African discovery is a vegetable the fibre of which is so tough it can be used as a substitute for steel. In -the Western part of the United States the prominent substitute for steal, so far discovered, is the nerve which real estate agents use when they begin to boom a town. 1 Massachusetts advices are to the effect that the school boys of Malden will hereafter be taught to sew during echOol hours. This is probably in anticipation of a big woman suffrage boojn, during the ravages of which their wives and sisters will not be able to sew on buttons. The pocket savings bank, which a few months ago was locking up most ©f the dimes in this country, is now introduced into England, and is causing a scarcity of sixpences. Americans wijl rejoice that they have thus wreaked at least a partial revenge upon England for sending us its sparrow. Mr. Edison promises to give us a motor 1 that will make the speed of a railroad train 100 miles an hour. This will entirely blot out the landscape, and suggests that some of the “blessings of civilization” are dearly bought. Still, the motors would be highly beneficial in an underground road. At a meeting of the common council of Quincy the other night one of the honorable members called the presiding officer a “miserable puppy,” to which the chairman responded by calling his assailant a “blanked rebel.” If these things can be done in a little provincial town like that the reports of the debates in Congress will lose all their novelty. A story is going the rounds of the press concerning a young man who pawned ass bill for $4.62 so as to have some money to spend and at the same time be able to save the bill, which he desired to keep in memory of a friend. The story bears internal evidence of its own falsity. No pawnbroker would ever advance more than $1.60 on a $5 bill. The decision of the Omaha Coroner that a negro recently lynched in that town died from fright is on a par with the Lime-Kiln Club’s resolutions of Sympathy for the family of a respected member who died of lead poisoning incurred in the act of visiting a white man’s hencoop; the poison being administered in 32-caliber pills. Ten cents an acre looks like a reasonable figure for the rainmakers to Charge for keeping the farms of Kansas supplied with water, and few farmers will kick at the price, but what will Mr. Melbourne do in the case of the man whose acres are surrounded by those of paying customers and refuses to pay a cent himself? • Will he bring down his rain-storm in the form of a hollow square? The recent successful struggle of the great ocean liners with wind and wave, Is calculated to give the public confidence in their stanchness and safety under any circumstances. The gales which they safely outrode were Che fiercest of modern times; and while the passengers suffered a good deal of discomfort, they do not at any time appear to have been in serious pearl. It is a pity some of the great steamers did not try the effect of pil on the waters. The opportunity for testing its efficacy was ah excellent one. Russia has succeeded in having a loan of : 1100,000,000 subscribed * for. AU of its net proceeds will be required to meet the 183,000,000 roubles called for by the Necessities created by |he famine. Howmuch of this wiU reach the famine-stricken people maybe measured by the capacity for peculation of Russian officials. Os that the Russian people ought to be pretty geoO judges, and ■Ek; < •

loan. If heresy hunting <s to continue after the manner at present in vogue, the brainy ministers of the Presbyterian and all churches will simply, have to stop thinking and preaching. With Dr. Patton hauled over the coals for his remarks ip 1887, made to Princeton students, the example thus set is capable of the widest extension. Few. if any, are safe, if extracts from their extemporaneous addresses, sentences clipped at random, are to be made the ground of accusation. f Russia sent a few “volunteer” war vessels through the Dardanelles; now England notice that -she too will send a fleet of “volunteer” men-Of-war on a similar excursion. John Bull enjoyed a picnic on the Island of Mitylene; Italy announces its intention now to take a like outing on that rocky pleasure ground. The game of follow my leader progresses merrily abroad, but with each new feat attempted the danger increases that the sport may break up in a row. The census returns show that in June of last year thfere were upon ranges in the United States 517,128 horses, 5,433 mules, 14,109 asses or burros, 6,828,182 cattle, 6,760,902 sheep, and 17,276 swine. The total number of mpn reported as on ranges is 15,390. During the preceding twelve months the sales of range stock had amounted to $1,418,205 for horses, $17,913,712 for cattle, $2, £60,663 for sheep, and $27,132 for swine. The definition of a range was not strictly adhered to in the count, owing to the difficulty of exactly determining the border line between the range and the farm. Hence only the stock known to be outside the farm limits, as previously taken by the farm enumerators, is counted in the above results. The Italian Ministry has revoked the decree against the importation of American pork; it is but doing an act of tardy justice. The of objection to American beef and pork by European Governments is based on no sound sanitary basis. In spite of the efforts at inspection abroad, their pork and beef is far more diseased than the American commodities from the very nature of the way in which the cattle and swine are herded. In London, tuberculous meat for laboratory work can be easily purchased in the open market, while the native pork in Germany is often badly diseased. American beef, from cattle whose lives have been spent in the open plains, and pork from swine that have roamed over great fields, even without inspection, is the more wholesome food. Since, however, all precautions regarding inspection have been lived UP to on this side of the water, the foreign Governments, unless they Wish to expose their illogical position, will be forced to admit gracefully the American hog. ’ i ”1 ■ « 1 There is no accounting for feminine fads. A correspondent of the New York Recorder writes that Ibsen has ceased to be the fad among the feminine literati and connoisseurs and Schopenhauer has taken his place. Nothing is read and talked now in the drawing-rooms and among the reading clubs but Schopenhauer, and associations are formed to study him. Soon, as in the case of Browning, there will be books to explain the jargon of the cult and glossaries to define the hidden meanings. There are some things in Schopanhauer, however, which are quite as, for instance, when he describes women as “the undersized, narrow shouldered, broad-hipped, and short-legged race,” and again when he asserts that they have neither sense nor susceptibility for music, poetry or art, and that they only make a pretense to it, as they fancy it makes them more attractive. It would be hard to find anything more uncomplimentary or (even brutal than these characterizations; and yet such is the perverseness and contrariness of the sex it insists upon taking up this pessimistic Teutonic philosopher as its pet fad! She Wouldn’t Wash Dogs. A curious case of especial interest to elderly spinsters and lovers of house pets is shortly to come before the Berlin courts. A young woman was engaged as companion to an elderly lady at stated wages, but ran away from her place two days after entering service. Her mistress procured her arrest under the law that a servant must give due notice before leaving her situation; but the police, after hearing the girl’s statement, told the lady that she could not compel the girl to return, and could only claim damages in the civil court. For the girl stated, and her statements have been proved true, that on entering the lady’s fiat four immense dogs jumped at her, although they did not do her any harm. In the next room another big dog, with a litter of pups, met her gaze, while the third room was tenanted by at least three dozen different varieties of birds. The kitchen of the old lady was given over to the cats, and the girl’s sleeping-room was converted into a temporary hospital for invalid mem» bers of the animal world. “The old lady,” said the girl, “was very kind to me, but as my duties consisted in washing all the dogs daily, and I had to share my bed with half a dozen dogs and oats, I was obliged to run away to avoid sick* ness.” * ' The trouble with most men is’ that they either don’t go far enough, or to tar. .v. • . ’••J-'- »»■

THE REKjJN vi* TRupiJS. M’KINLEY’S TARIFF* LAW PROTECTS THEM. i? , The Home Consumer Pays the Tariff, and • Not the Foreign Mannfactnrer-McKlnley Object Leeeons—lt’s Cheaper to Foreigners—Tariff Shot, Etc. High Tariff Promisee. When Benjamin Harrison was nominated for the Presidency, he wrote the following in his letter of acceptance: •The declaration of the convention against all combinations of capital, organized in trusts or otherwise, to con-: trol arbitrarily the condition of trade ampngour citizens, is in harmony with the views entertained and publicly pressed by me long before the assembling of the convention. ” This was the promise which he made to the people, namely, that nothing should be done by his administration to foster', trusts, but that every effort would be put forth to suppress them. In accordance with these sentiments, the representatives of President Harrison in the House and Senate . passed the McKinley tariff and the anti-trust bill of Senator Sherman. Shortly after the passage of the former the administration organ, the New York Tribune, exclaimed in a fit of exultation: “This (the McKinley bill) is a trust-killing tariff, men and brethren. ” At the same time if declared that the anti-trust law makes impossible the formation of trusts to control the markets and advance prices. Such were the promises of the Harrison administration. Were they carried out? The fact that there were many trusts in existence at the time that these promises were made, and that since the enactment of the Sherman anti-trust law, many more have been organized in open defiance of it, is sufficient to show that the trusts did not fear this law. Nor, in fact, have they had cause to fear it, for the Attorney General, whose duty it is to execute thelaw, has not brought a single suit—thus himself.violating the plain commands of the act The law | was never intended to be anything but a dead letter. It was passed for a purpose, however. This purpose was two-fold. The McKinley tariff had largely increased the rates of duty on the products of the trusts, thus giving them still greater • opportunities to enlarge their tariff bonuses. The anti-trust law was enacted to detract the attention of the people from this fact The other reason for its enactment was to satisfy the clamor of the people against the trusts. It was the belief of Sheiman and McKinley that the law which the former fathered would accomplish both of these purposes without in any way causing the trusts, who were the real beneficiaries of the McKinley bill, the least annoyance. We give a list of a few of the leading trusts which depend for their existence on the tariff: 1. Cotton Oil Trust This trust embraces several smaller ones, among them the Little Bock Cotton Oil Combination. Its stock is heavily watered. Tariff protection 10 cents per gallon. 2. Linseed Oil Trust It controls the mills and markets. Tariff protection 32 cents per gallon on linseed oil. 3. Borax Trust. It embraces all the borax mines of California and Oregon. No borax is found abroad, but imported boracic acid was a competitive product. On this the duty was increased from 3 cents to 5 cents per pound. The duty on borax is 3 cents and 5 cents per pound. •4. National White Lead Trust Controls the production of many lead products, especially white lead. . It disposes of its surplus abroad, and is in this way able to keep up prices t here. Protection on white lead, 3 cents per pound. 15. Ultramarine Blue Trust. Protection, 4% cents per pound. 6. Acid Trust. Embracing the manufactories of sulphuric, nitric and muriatic acids east of the Mississippi River. Protection, sulphuric acid, % cent per pound; formerly free. 7. Castor Oil Trust Protection, 80 dents per gallon. 8. Wood Alcohol Trust This is a branch of the Whisky Trust, known as the Distillers and Cattle Feeders’ Company. 9. Sanitary Earthenware Trust, composed of seven pottery manufactories tn Trenton, N. J., and East Liverpool; Ohio. On its products the duties were increased by 5 to 10 per cent by the McKinley tariff. Directly after the enactment of the McKinley tariff it cut down wages. Protection on pottery, 55 and 60 per cent 10. Window-Glass Trust It embraces many window-glass factories in New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Dlinois. Secretary of the Treasury Foster owns stock in this trust Protection, over 100 per cent. 11. Table Glassware Trust This trust is composed of .glass manufacturers in Ohio and Pennsylvania. It was formed immediately after the passage of the McKinley tariff. The duties were raised to 60 per cent Many of the factories in this trust made over 60 per cent profit last year. 12. School Slate Trust Protection, 30 per cent 13. Gypsum Trust (plaster of parts). It controls every important mill in the -United States. Protection, $1 to $1.75per ton. • 14. Steel Trusts. Bessemer Steel As-' sociation, makers of blooms and slabs;' Merchants’ Steel Association, finished steel; Western Steel, of Chicago; Ohio Steel, mostly controlled by English capital These trusts control the manufacture of beam, channel, and struct tural iron and steel. Protection heavy. 15. Wire Rod Trust. Composed of Western mills. Protection, 6-10 c per pound. 16. Shot Trust." 2% cents per pound protection. 17. Copper Trust This trust is known as the Association of Copper Manufacturers in the United States. Controls all copper products. Meets once a year to fix prices; protection 35 and 45 per cent. 18. Asbestos ' Trust This trust is composed of five firms in Boston, New York and Chicago; protection 25 per cent 19. American Ax and Edge Tool Trust. Organized in February, 1890. Previous to lts«organization axes sold at $5.25 per dozen, now the lowest price for first quality axes is $7 to $7.50 per dozen; > < protection 45 per cent 20. Steel Rail Trust . This Is one of the most important of all the trusts. It is composed of six companies, and controls absolutely the production of steel rails; protection 6-10 cent per pound. 21. Barbed Wire Trust It was ori ganized in St Louis in 1889, and emi braces some nineteen companies; protection 6-10 cent per pound. i 22. Strap and T-hinge Trust Organ--1 ized In New York. It advanced prices i 20 per cent; protection 2% cents per 1 ; pound. 23. Coffin Trust Embraces sixty concerns. 'Prices have been raised 35 per I cent; protection 35 per cent I 24. Sugar Trust It was reorganised i in 1889 under the name of the “Sugar Refineries Company.** It controlled I* whan organized twenty sugar factories, I one-half of which have been dismantled. Protection X cant per pound. 25. Glucose Trust Protection % cent per pound. 26. Cigarette Trust Protection $4.50 II Oatmeal TrUßt i t embraces four-

reduced wages. Protection 1 <2SnEr| pound. \ ■ i 28. Starch Trust This trust controls eight factories Protection on starch 2 cents per pound. 29. Balt Trust Organized this year. It raised prices at once. Protections and 12 cents per 100 pounds. 30. Cracker, Cake and Biscuit Trusts. The New York Biscuit Company controls trade east of Chicago; the American Biscuit Company has' all the trade west of Chicago. The former has a capital of the latter one of $10,000,000. They advanced prices 20 iper cent after dividing the field as above. Protection 20 per cent < 31. Distillers and Cattle-Feeders’ Trust also known as the Whisky Trust It controls all Northern distilleries. Protection very high. 32. Jute Bagging Trust Protection 1.6 and 1.8 cents per square yard. 33. Oil Cloth Trust It embraces the manufacturers of table, shelf and stair oil cloths. Protection 30 to 40 per cent 34. Twine Trust This trust is composed of over thirty corporations. Protection .7 cent per pound. 35. Cartridge Trust Protection 35 per cent. This is but a partial list of the tariffprotected trusts, which number over one hundred. Everyone knows that the an-ti-trust law will not be enforced against them, especially now that a member of one of the leading trusts is Harrison’s Secretary of the Treasury. And yet the New York Tribune tries to fool the people by saying that “this (the McKinley bill) is a trust-killing tariff, men and brethren. • . - i?i' Tariff Shot* Since 1816 we have bad four periods of high and prohibitive tariffs, one period of a moderate tariff with incidental protection, and three periods of low or revenue tariffs. During our whole history high tariffs have lowered the price of farm products by checking exports and imports, while low tariffs, by stimulating foreign trade, have raised the prices of what the farmer has to sell. This truth is well shown by the average I prices of corn during each tariff period. . I. Period—Moderate tariff, with incidental protection (Clay called this a revenue tariff), 1816 to 1824. Corn 76 3-10 cent per bushel. 11. Period —High and prohibitive tariffs Os 1824, 1828 add 1832; 1825-1832. Corn 62 cents per bushel. ' 111. Period—Low compromise tariff of 1833; 1833-1842. Corn 77% cents per bushel. IV. Period—High protective tariff of 1842; 1843-1846. Corn 57 cents per bushel. V. Period—Low revenue tariff of 1846; 1846-1857. Corn 73% cents per bushel. VI. Period—Lowei revenue tariff of 1857 (spoken of by protectionists as our “free trade tariff"); 1858-1860. Corn 80% cents per bushel. VIL Period —War tariffs of 1861-1882. Corn 75 cents per bushel. VIII. Period—High tariff of 1883; 1883-1890. Corn 53 1-6 cents per bushel. • Who Pays the Tariff? Some time ago a number of merchants in New York, importing worsted goods to the amount of many millions of dollars annually, complained to the Treasury Department of an Appraiser of Customs wM> had arbitrarily raised the valuation®/ their imports. While the case has jvst been decided In favor of the importers, we have to do only With the facts bearing on the operation Os the tariff. The wholesale price of the goods in questlbn was 56 cents a yard in England—the price paid by buyers from every market, as the manufacturers testify. Under the former tariff the duty on their goods was 18 cents a yard and 35 per cent, ad valorem. The McKinley tariff raised the duty to 44 cents a yard ana 50 per cent, ad valorem—br a duty of 72 cents a yard on a material costing 56 cents a yard at the point of production. Adding duties, charges and commissions of Importers, the wholesale price in New York would be $1.50 a yard, and little, if anything, less than $2 a yard at retail to the American consumer. It is manifest that the manufacturer cannot pay these enormous duties; nor does he pay any share of them, since he sells his goods at the same price to the importers in the United States and elsewhere withbut xeference to foreign tar-, iffs. The duties, then, to the last cent, come out of the pockets of Amerciau consumers. When the McKinley tariff was in committee the home manufacturers of worsteds alleged that they could not compete with importers at the prices then existing. To secure the present advance in duties on worsteds they consented to an increase of 20 per cent in the duty upoh combing wool. Can they afford now to sell their products at the former range of prices of which they complained, and pay an increased tax upon their imported raw materials? The effect of the McKinley tariff has not only been to raise the cost of, imports by the amount of the increased duty, but to raise to nearly if not quite the same level the cost of the rival domestic products to American consumers. This is what the McKinley tariff was enacted Tor; and it has not failed In its purpose. McKinley Object Lessons. A striKing illustration of the wonders accomplished by the McKinley bill is shown in this week’s issue of the Bulletin of the American Iron and Steel Association, the organization which probably had mere influence than any other in having the duties Increased on many products of iron and steel. Under the caption, “The News of the Past Week,** on a single page it announces the assignment of the iron shipbuilding firm of Harrison, Loring A Co., at Boston; the suspension of the Blandon Iron and Steel Company (limited) of Blandon, Pa., which has a capital of $125,000; a conference over wages between the employes of the Edgar Thomson Steel Works at Braddock, Pa., and their Superintendent, at which Scrappers, who had been averaging over S3OO a month, were placed on a salary of S2OO a mqnth, while the wages of ladlemen were reduced 30 cents a day; the closing of the Keystone Iron Works at River View, Kan., the largest establishment of the kind near Kansas City, under attachments aggregating $100,000; the coming public sale at Bolling Springs, Pa., of the Katherine Furnace, which was built in 1881-2; a reduction of about 15 per cent, in the wages o|the employes of the Hainswbrth Steal Company at Pittsburg; the suspension of the Oliver A Roberta Wire Company (Limited) of Pittaburg, with liabilities of $1,087,460; and a strike at Lebanon, Pa, over the refusal of certain firms to sign the wage aoalo of the Amalgamated Association. For a single week and a single page thia seems a rather startling showing, bnt the Bulletin makes no reference to it editorially. It devotes its efforts instead toward proving that tin plates are now Being made In this country, and that Andrew Carnegie was right whoa he wrote in the Nineteenth Century that America often has steel rails at loss coat ■ ' . . 1 '' v v

will be entirely bankrupt—New York Times. , . Protection and Immigration. “Yes, men are on the free list They cost us not even freight We promote free trade in men, and.it is the only free trade I am prepared Mo promote, • said William D. Kelley, or Pennsylvania, the leader of the protectionists in Congress in 1873. For the past thirty years this has been the keynote of the high tariff policy. Ever since the contract labor law of 1864, which provided for the establishment of a national immigration bureau, the purpose of which was to encourage immigration and which went so far as to give the manufacturer who imported his workmen a first lien upon their wages to reimburse him for his expenditures in bringing them over, was sandwiched in between the internal revenue law of 1862 and the high tariff of 11864, we have had high and prohibitive tariffs upon everything the workman has to buy, and free trade in the only thing he has to sell—his labor. This policy has been so successful that in many of the mills and mines of Pennsylvania, the hot-bed of high protectionism, no record is kept of the names of the workmen employed, but they are noted in the pay rolls by numbers.alone. That the beneficiaries of our high tariffs will see to it that this good thing—for themselves alone—is not changed, may be illustrated by the statement which was made a few days ago by Andrew Carnegie lust before he sailed from Liverpool. To a Herald reporter he said in answer to the question: “And what do you think, Mr Carnegie, of the unchecked flood of undeslrab e immigration Into America?” * “I say, don’t touch immigration; let it flow on. We are getting the cream of Europe. I want to see America great, really great We need all the population we can get We have only seventeen persons to the square mile, and there are hundreds of jnil lions of acres of land where the sod has never been turned. I say. hands off Immigration. ” Only a few days ago Mr. Carnegie cut down the wages of his workmen, in many cases 50 per cent The workmen had to submit- because they saw others ready and willing to take their places. The labor market is already drugged, say . the protectionists, and, we need a higher tariff to give employment The- production of farm products, according to the same high authorities, is already in excess of the demand, and we need a high tariff upon manufactures to create a “home market" for them, and to prevent those employed in our factories from becoming farmers. And yet the chief beneficiaries of our high tariffs are doing all in their power to aggravate these evils which they seem to deplore By the formation of trusts, under the benign influences of the tariff, they are enabled to exact higher prices for their products, and by “keeping” the people’s hands off immigration they are able to have a constantly congested labor market and to keep down the prices of farm products. How long will it be before the farmers and workmen will see through this hypocritical tariff policy, the two maxims of which are “free trade in labor" and “overproduction of farm products?" Cheaper to Foreigners. The Eastman Company is the name of a firm of manufacturers of photographic materials, and its home office is in Rochester, N. Y. It has also a branch at No. 115 Oxford street, London. A comparison of the price lists which it issues from the two places will add one more to the many instances of the overwhelming affection of the McKinley tariff for the American consumer. We append a table showing how the “Prices of Eastman’s Bromlbe Paper" in London compare with those exacted in this country by an industry which has to be protected from the dreaded competition of foreigners: London R1 __ price Amerper dor. ican sheets. price. <Mx3M 80.16 ,80.25 0)4x4% 87 ”60 7%x S 41 .70 8 X 5 50 .78 Bfcx 6)462 1.10 10 x 8 87 1.50 12)4x10)4 1.60 2.2 S 15)4x12)4 1.87 3.35 23 xl7 8.50 6.40 25 x 24 5.25 9.C0 80 X 23 7.12 14.00 Thus the London photographer gets his supplies from this American firm at only a little more than as much as the American photographer has to pay. Turning now to the columns of the : McKinley bill, we find the rates on albumenlzed paper to be 35 per cent ad valorum: the old rate was 15 per cent Os course, “the wisest and bravest tariff that was ever framed” was manipulated by this endangered American industry in the most shameless and ridiculous manner. What does Mr. McKinley think now of a company that asked for 35 per cent protection, and then gives the Londoner 50 per cent off its prices to Americans?—New York Evening Post Protection’s Profits. The Board of Directors of the Cumberland Glass Company . advertise the payment of a dividend of 100 per cent It is an extraordinarily profitable business that yields a yearly profit of 100 J er cent, and the Louisville Courierou nal has been moved to an investigation of the cause. It finds that the Cumberland Glass Company is protected in its business by duties ranging from 68 to 142 per cent This is a practical authorization by Congress to charge from 68 to 143 per cent more for its wares than they are worth. This explains the mystery. What is perhaps the greatest dairy section in the United State.s is within a radius of fifty miles of Utica In this territory the manufacture of cheese is conducted on an enormous scale, and the transactions run well Into the millions of dollars every year. The McKinley bill added two cents a pound to the duty on cheese, raising it to six cents. The ruling price paid for cheese on the Utica Board of Trade, Monday, was 8%& Two years ago it was 9%c. Was there ever a greater swindle than that addition of two cents to the duty on cheese? We think the dairymen in this section are disposed to answer the question in the negative. The tariff was increased for their “benefit" Where lathe benefit? —Utica Observer. Reciprocity must be.con fined to farm products so far as any practical results can be hoped for. But South America is an agricultural country and can feed itself in the main, leaves us where we started. Reciprocity with manufacturing countries would give us broader markets for our food, but according to the McKinley school it would cripple our industries. Scrutinized closely, then, reciprocity as defined by Blaine is an arrant humbug. It exists in glowing colors upon paper, but yields no practical results.—Kaiiaas City Times. A Frbnch poet has discovered that "Cronstodt" has just enough letters in H to spell “Tsar Carnot. * “Thia being the case,” adds a critic, “nobody need be surprised at the fall of the German Emperor." Happy thought! Feeblewtitle suggests that heabeforth it be considered quite the proper thing to serve droppad eggs with plcked-up dinners,

F if awms MMBMaken In any c©m- | munitypaWßzed, half-civilized or savage, on the question, “What is the most terrible death a human being can die?” the unanimous opinion would be, “Death by being accidentally buried aßve.” Deaths by drowning, by burning, by hanging, and by decapitation are fearful enough; but all of them together do not strike terror into the human heart like the prospect of awaking from a trance and finding one’s self screwed up in a casket, and buried six feet under ground. It is probable that stupor and insensibility quickly come to the sufferer’s relief; but the few moments of consciousness that must intervene, are universally regarded as the climax of human agony. Premature burials were at one time very much dreaded, but in later years the undertakers and physicians have quieted these fears by “assuring” and “guaranteeing” that they cannot be deceived into burying anything but a corpse. What most excited people’s fears was the fact that corpses had been exhumed which had turned over on their faces. But this phenomenon was explained on the theory that the gasses generrated in the decomposition of the body causea it to revolve in the coffin. This explanation has for years quieted people’s fears, so that the old-fashioned alarm on the subject has well-nigh died out, and it is now a rare thing to find a person who is haunted with the fear that he may be buried alive. But a recent telegram from Erie, Pa., is calculated to disturb this sense of security and to overturn the theory that bodies are turned over in their coffins by gaseous action. George Heidecker, a farmer who lived in the neighborhood of that city, died, as his friends supposed, and was buried. Nine days after interment, the body was exhumed, to be transferred to ■another lot. At the request of the family, the coffin was opened, and a frightful scene presented itself. Not only was the body lying on its face, but the face was torn and bloody, and bore the marks of finger-nails; the fingers of the the hands had been bitten off, and the interior decorations of the coffin had been torn to shreds. As the weather was cool, and there was no decomposition, there can be no doubt as to how these changes occurred. This is one case in which the gas theory does not apply. Such mistakes seem to be an unpardonable barbarity. It is generally supposed that there are infallible tests of Heath in the human body, and that they are very simple and inexpensive. The flame of a candle will always raise a blister on a body that is not dead, and its light will shine through the thin parts, like the edges of the fingers. But if there is no reliable test yet found, we propose that Edison take a rest from his labors on electric motors, and do something to keep us from being buried alive. If the problem is insoluble, it would be far better to put a few drops of prussic acid into the mouth of every corpse before it is buried than to run the risk of burying people alive, and repeating the experience of George Heidecker—Chicago Journal. Arttfivlto Fooda. Chemistd 'distinguish between various kinds of sugars. To one class belongs cane-sugar, which is formed in the sugar-cane, sorghum, beet, and maple, and which we use at the table; to another class belong the glucoses, of which the fruit-sugar that occurs in grapes and other fruits, and the glucose which is manufactured on a large scale from the starch of corn are samples. Some time since, Prof. .Fischer of Wurzburg, Germany, succeeded in the synthesis of several sugars closely allied to fruit-sugar. The news has just come that he has found away to transform glucose into a sugar of the type of cane-sugar. We have long known how to convert starch and cane-sugar to glucose; the process is one of changing a more complex compound to a simpler one. But the possibility of reversing the process was long doubted. Yet just this Is what Prof. Fischer has now accomplished. Still more remarked, I was going to say,—but the time for calling such things remarkable seems to be past,— is the account which has come to hand within a few days of the preparation of an albuminoid compound by synthesis. How carbohydrates and fats may be prepared artificially we have come to understand. But the albuminoid compounds contain more chemical element, and are far more complex; they are indeed the highly organized material of vegetable and animal life. That these substances could be made in the laboratory has been hard to believe. Yet Prof. Schutzenberger of Paris has just reported to the French Academy of Science the synthesis of a compound similar to the peptone into which the albuminoids of our food are transformed in the process of digestion. The Century. A *T»*ty Experiment. A pretty and interesting experiment, which may be new to some readers, says the Youth’s Companion, is that by which the growth of an oak plant can be watched, from its earliest stage. Cut a circular piece of card to fit the top of a hyacinth glass, so as to rest upon the ledge and exclude the air. Pierce a hole through the center of the card and pass through it a strong thread, having a small piece of wood tied on one end, which, resting transversely on the card, prevents its being drawn through. » To the other end of the thread attach an acorn; ana having half-filled the glass with water, suspend the acorn at a short distance from the surface. The glass must be kept in a warm room. In a few days the steam which has generated in the glass will hang from the acorn in a large drop. Soon the acorn will burst, and the root will protrude and thrust. itself into water; in a few days more a stem will shoot out the other end, and rising upward, will press against the card, in which a hole must be made to allow it to pass through. From this stem small leaves will soon sprout, and in the course of a few weeks the experimenter wiU bo

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