Decatur Democrat, Volume 34, Number 32, Decatur, Adams County, 31 October 1890 — Page 2

©he democrat . DECATUR, IND. N. BLACKBURN, ... Publisher, A WEEK’S NEWS RECORD GEORGIA FARMERS® FIGHT A DUEL TO THE DEATH. 8 T W The Cincinnati Board Muddle—Another Mafia Murder—Queer Proceedings of a Public Administrator—A Lady Horribly >. Mangled—Fifteen Buildings Burned i • ■■ ■ ii- ' > ■ * ’.DESPERATE DUEL One of the Antagonists Dead and the Other Dying. 4 A desperate duel to the death was fought near Danielsyille, Ga., In which William Sunders, a prominent planter, was killed, and William Martin, his neighbor, was fatally wounded. For ~ some time there has been bad blood between the men. Each had appeared in court as witness against the other and several times serious difficulties have taken place between them,. The trouble eliminated in a duel. Martin lives a quarter of a mile from Sanders and is a tenant on a plantation of Sanders’ sons. Sanders hoard shooting in ' the direction of’ Martin's house, and looking out,saw his own, hogs running. lie at once concluded!that Martin was shooting at them. Martin having been prosecuted on a charge of that kind before. So Sanders took his gun and Started to Martin’s. When asked what he meant by shooting at the Ilogs Martin said he would shoot him (Sanders) too if he bothered him, and after a few more words the men began firing. Martin emptied his doublebarreled gun and live-shooter at Sanders. Four shots took effect. Any one of them would have been fatal. Sanders shot at Martin five times, three from a pistol and too from a gun. Three of these took effect' Martin will die.. The Cincinnati Board Muddle. Contrary to generalVxpectation an application was made in the Cincinnati Courts for an injunction to restrain Mayor Mosby from appointing .members of the board of city affairs, authorized by the act of Legislature. Application was made to Judge Hull, of the Superior Court, by Louis Reemelin, William Montgomery - and Ed Don ham, of the Hoard of Pub‘'llc Improvements,' which was authort Ized by the same act. The ground L ! of the legislation is that the act of the ■ Legislature was illegal and void because M It is unconstitutional in being a special r act conferring corporate powers, in that it limits the selection of members to the two leading political parties. A temporary order was issued. Mayor Mosby said that he would go ahead and appoint Messrs. Thomas G. Smith and T. W. Graydon, Republicans, and Messrs. Gustav Tafcl and May Fcchhcim.er, Democrats. Wm It a Mafia Murder. A cold-blooded shooting that will eqd In murder took place at ■Steubenville, O. Frank'Cruse met Frank Galto in Pittsburgh. Cruse offered Galto work if lie would go to Steubenville with him'. Galto accepted, but, when he met Cruse in the city the latter tn rued suddenly to Galto .and said: “Frank, .you did a dirty thing to inc oncei now i’ll 'tfLh ri i lL J’. i revolver and shot Galto three times and lied, lea ving him for Galto will die. Cruse’s motive for shooting could not have been robbery, as Galt,o had S'.J in his bQotS. Both men are Italians'. Cruse belongs.to the .Mafia, which had sworn to kill Galto? - The police are hunting Cruse, who is supposed to be hiding in Steubenville.. ’ . I Horribly Mangled. - While Mary Thomas, aged, twentyseven, employed by the Pittsburg Printing Company, at FlajM'Hfburg Pa., was feeding a high speed press, her clothing - became entangled in a six-inch pulley. „ The wheel was making about 175 revolutions .per" minute. and before it could be „ Stopped Miss Th(>rpas was horribly bruised, receiving fatal injuries. Her head, arms and shoulders were battered against a box with each revolution. She was removed to the hospital, but cannot ” survive. Ohio Leglalatnrn. The House of Ohio ' Reprcntatives passed the Soncrat l>il 1 and so solved the question of Cincinnati Government, for which the extra session of the’ Ohio Legislature was called by Gov. Campbell. The bill provides that the present Board of Public Affairs shall be abolished and a new one appqinfed by the. I Mayor of Cincinnati. The board thus k appointed will serve, until next April, L when their successors will be elected by V the people. The Legislature adjurned sine,die. ' Fifteen I|iiil<llng* Burned. Fire t broke out in Morley’s boot and shoe store at Andover, ()., and spread rapidly, Tim town had no lire apparatus and an engine was sent from Jefferson. The fire was extinguished. but not until fifteen buildings, Including the postoffice, had been completely destroyed. All were business places. The- cause of the fire Is unknown, andestlmat.es of the lo,ss and insurance not yet obtained. Biiflalb Moodier*. Indictments were presented by the grand jury against fourteen of the largest contractors in Buffalo, N. Y. They are all charged with conspiring to defraud the city by submitting extortionate bids for constructing a sewer.. Big Blaze—Twelve Horses Burned. . Peter Rcbold’s undertaking establishment Ift Fairmount, ()., was destroyed by fire. Twelve horses were burned to death.* Loss, 812,000. ' Queer Proceeding*. 11. F.Wlscner, of Ohio, was found dead In Oakland, Cai. Wisner's brother ims=> mediately started from Barnesville, 0., to claim the. remains, but that did not filter Public Administrator Stanley from filing mi application for letters on the estate. Considerable comment Is made on the action of the Public Administrator In trying to seize the property of the dead man. Nteam Fitters Strike, Three hundred steam fitters and their ' helpers struck at Chicago. They ask an Increase of wages from 15 to 20 per cent. Forgery by f» Lunatic. Mrs. N. J. Schrtip. wife of the Secretary of the Dubuque lowa Fire and Marine Insurance Company, who is visiting in Oilcago, wrote home for funds. Iler husband signed a batik cheek on a bank in Dubuque, and humorously wrote for her not to draw for more than 810,eoo. While riding In a Chicago street-car her pocket was picked of the letter and check. The Dubuque bank shortly afterward received an order to stop payment on a check for 83,000 signed Mary Clementine, as It had been stolen. It Is believed that Mary Clementine is Mary Klemen*. formerly of Dubiijuc, who

poisoned her sister at RosAhill, and confessed to having poisoned her father, mother, and brother. Sh« was aujudged insane by the Chicago awthoritFs and was put In a hospital, frlbrn which she was afterward released. S#i<- undoubtedly stole the blank check andj. after filling it up for 83,000, had it stcßlen from her. FIERY FLAKES. A Terrible Conflagration In Mobile — 9650,000 in Properlty Burned. A fire which started irl a shingle mill, at Mobile, Ala., resmite® in the most disastrous conflagration tlfcat city has had since the war. The I fire began in a shingle mill and factory near the river front, just outside the northern boundary of the city limit. IA strong wind was blowing and the J Hames soon communicated to the cAtton warehouses which line the river ffront, from Beauregard street to their nforthern boundary, southward six blocills, and fiom the river front westward I to Manolia street, three blocks. From ithe shingle! mill to Goodman's warehouse on the block bounded by Front, JBeati regard, Water and Lipscomb streets, the distance is six hundred yards, aind almost as soon as smoke-was seen issming from the dock the cotton blazed lup. In Goodman's was stored 900 bales of cotton, and sparks from tills (lot ton carried by the wind next co.romun/icated the flames to Brown's warehouse on Lipscomb and Water streets, running back to Manolia street to tin' southlwest to the Mobile Oil Mill, which was nclxt south, on each Side of Front street, / and to the wharf front of the MofhilC and Birmingham Railway Company, which was on the water front from Beauregard to Lipscomb streets. The inflammable character of the material fed the flames and the great gale-Of wind blowing caused the tire to spread with lightning-like rapidity and Ijt Iboked as if the fire would spread from end to end of the water front of the city. 'Below Mobile oil mills in that company’s slip were two steamers, the Jewell and Mary Elizabeth, and also the steamer Hebe S., the tug Margaret Lienhard and the Government snagboat Warrior. ThtJoss will aggregate $650,000. A anoMierbad one. Thirty in a Railroad ■ Wreck. Thirty peo® were seriously injured by the of train No. 5, the through San^B , ’e vestibule Denver express at WakWusa, Kan. The train was running at a )Jgh rate of speed and left the track at a curve. The tender, express, mail an) baggage cars and three PullmanL vestioule cars all left the track. The chair car, sleeper and tourist cars were all thrown on their sides, and the track was tor i up for 400 feet. The following persons were injured, many of them seriously: . ' W. F, Joni s, mall agent, Kansas City, pinned bet ween cars .and injured internally. J. W. Fadley, mail agent. Kansas City, internally injured. Harry Stone, mail agent, Kansas City, | head bruised. .Mrs. Ella Steele, New York City, hurt in the head. E. L. Terry, express messenger, Kansas City, badly injured in spine. L. J. Johnson, baggage agent, Kansas City, log hurt. 4lcnry Lindsey, Topeka, bruised inside, jaw hurt. Mattie O’Connell. ) (’hica,go7 head and back injured. Mrs. Dr. Bhaslee, Telluride, Col., bruised, teeth knocked out, E. N. .Brasle. same place, contusion. Mrtj. Geo. Tufhw, Fresno, /(.'al., back cut. Mrs. J. M. <r. Farnand, Terrell Hill. Ohio, hcibd cut, H. Sylvester, Milton, Cal., kne<y. injured. C. F. Farrington, Lishon, 1111., collar bone dislocated. J. J. Buckley./brakeman, back hurt. Elizabeth Babbit, (Oakland, ( aL, arm injured. Mrs’. Lf^Al'lure. -ti-Trr-'b 'lQb rated. FMr. T7 W. White, Oakland, Cal., F. A. i-'aic, Albuquerque, N. M. George F. Reppy, Denyer, Selon E. Rose, Albcquerque, Carl B. Hankins, Aspen. Col., W. J. Jones, Kansas City, I: A. Coul,ter,~Colorado Springs. ’ Bt’RNEO IN A WRECK. A Passenger Car Takes Fire and Two Employes Are Burned. The ksojtt.h-Bouiid train on the Cincinnati Southern Railroad ran into a freight train in a. tunnel a few miles sout.ii of Somerset, Ky. One tireman and a conductor were killed outright, while sevctal others were fatally injured. To add to the horror of the situation the front ear of the passenger train took fire and an express messenger and postal clerk' were burned alive. There were two clerks on the train named C. T. Doegan and J. G. Gayle. It is not known which was the victim. The following is a list of the killed and injured: Killed — Postal Clerks C. L. Doegen and J. G. Gayle, both of Cincinnati; Firemen Walsh and Gould, of Cincinnati; Brakeman J. E. Montgomery. Injured— Engineers Pinclett and Taylor; baggagemaster, name unknown; passenger, name unknown. All of the injured reside at Somerset, and arc being cared for by the railroad company. None of them are fatally hurt.* . 4 , DOT A BIG HAUL i -3 Three Bandit* Board a Train and Rob the Employe* and I*a**engcr*. As the south bound train on the Santa Fe pulled out of Socorro, N. M., three men were seenns) step on board. After the train had passed San Antonio, these strangers-cntcred the Pullman sleeper and’locked the doors, then drew their guns on the porter and conductor and relieved them of their surplus rash. Then they introduced themselves to the, passengers, going through the most of them and making quite a haul. 'l'hcy jumped from the train on the Basque de Apache grant, taking to the hills. It is estimated that theyjgot 81,500. The Officers of the road have offered a reward of 81,000 for: their arrest. Parties of deputies havestarted in different directions, audit is thought that it will be impossible for them to escape. Thn Mode Scandal. Society in Indianapolis is very much excited over some, mysterious revelations in connection with Mrs. A. F. Sode. The lady married James Douglass, one ot the wealthiest citizens of the place, when he was quite an old man, but was never • recognized by his children, who constitute the upper ten ot Indianapolis society. Douglass died very suddenly, and a lawsuit followed over the property, in. which the widow was beaten, but finally given something on a compromise. Shortly after she was married to A. F. Sode, a New Yorker, who was said to be very wealthy. Three months later Sode was taken suddenly and dangerously ill. As soon as he was sufficiently recovered he left hfs wife and wlmt to the Bates House and after his recovery left the city. It, now appears that Mrs. Sode filed suit for divorce the day after her husband's sudden illness. When called upon they refused to be seen. 'A Horrible Hoosier Cutting. | At Rome City, Ind, Lum Kane, a farmer, was drinking In the hotel saloon, when John and Jim Platt entered. The trio exchanged words, then blows and finally a rough and tumble* fight followed. John Piatt caught Kane ah >ut the waist, clutching the man’s arm In the vlce-llke grip and while thus at the' mercy of his foes, Jim Platt out an ugly knife, and thrusting it into Kane’s mouth ho pulled first to the right and then to the left, splitting the man's cheeks from oar to ear. He then cut Kano's nose off and Inflicted several body you nds besides. At the approach of a

constable, Piatt fled, threatening death to any man who followed him. Kane is mortally wounded and public indignation is aroused at the atrocity of the crime. * Another Railroad Horror. A passenger train on the Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham Railroad pulled out of the depot at Birmingham, Ala., without a conductor or flagman, the engineer misunderstanding the signal. Five miles out the engineer discovered his mistake and backing his train without a lignt or a man on the rear of the train, ran into an outgoing freight train, killing two persons and seriously injuring twenty others. The killed are: J. D. Franklin, traveling passenger agent, Nashville, Tenn., and John Kilrain, fireman on the freight train. Those mostly injured are: George Davis, W. F. Wagner and two daughters, E. P. Roser, A. J. Johns, J. E. Owens, J. C. Fennel and Rev. H. G. • Smith, Jasper, Ala. Others whose names could not be learned are supposed to be fatally hurt. Engineer Russell, ot the passenger train, is held responsible for the accident. Counterfeiters Bound Over. William Nye, his son Harry, and Frank Bauman, prominent business men of Ada, D., who were arrested by United States Marshals Wade and Abbott at that place on the charge of passing counterfeit money, had an examination in the United States Court in Toledo. In the absence of United States Commissioner Hall the case was heard by Miss Hallie Brown, Deputy United States Clerk of the Circuit Court. Bauman pleaded guilty and turned State’s evidence. He was bound over in the sum of 82,500. The two Nyes pleaded not guilty, and were bound over in the sum of 85,000 each to await the action of the Grand Jury. A Conflicting Decision. In his instructions to the grand jury at Bloomfield, lowa, Judge Leggett sajd that under the decision of the United States Supreme Court it, was not a crime to sell liquors imported from another State in the original packages until the Wilson bill was passed by Congress and became a law. Judge Leggett declares that the action of the United States Courts in other States on . this subject was not binding on the courts of lowa, and that until the question was finally settled by the higher courts it is the duty of the grand jury to consider the law falid and to enforce it against all violators. Will Advance Kates. It is learned that at a meeting held in New York at the American Express Company's office by the principal officers of the different express companies, it was agreed to advance express rates beginning November 1. The basis for all express rates is the rate between New York and Chicago. The rate at present is 82 per 100 pounds. Under the new rate it will be 82.50. Rates will advance 50 cents from Boston to New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and all other sea board points west of Buffalo, Salamanca, and Pittsburgh. There will be no changes to points east of the last named places. Mafia Murder. While hauling in driftwood in the morning at Kennery, fourteen miles above New Orleans, some men drew in a sack containing the head of an Italian. There were marks of strangulation around the neck. It was evidently a murder, and is supposed to have been by the order of the Mafia to keep an important witness from testimony in the Hennessey, assassination case, or by the vandetta. The officials are investigating the matter thoroughly with a view to ascertaining the name and occupation of the murdered man and his connections, HLany, with-tiie principals now in jail. Swilt Vengeance. At Sullivan, Ind., Ed Houck went home drunk and began to abuse his wife, who was ill in bed, threatening to kill her with a hatchet. While he was standing over the bed where she lay four masked men entered the room, took him out and, presumably, with the same hatchet, beatjris head into a jelly, part of the brains coining out. He cannot live long. No clew is yet known as to who did the deed, no one seeing them except Houck’s wife, who cannot describe them very accurately. The officers are looking after the matter, but are unable to get, anything tangible as yet. A Brooklyn Blaze. At Brooklyn. N. Y.. two alarms wore sent out for a lire which broke out in the tenement house at No. 57 Front street. When the firemen arrived the flameshad already attained such headway that the department, con Id not prevent them from extending to the wood tenement at Nos. 55 and 59. The tenants in the three houses were panic-stricken and many of them rushed to the street clad only ip their night clothing. The body of an Italian, whose name could not be ascertained, was dragged out of No. 57.Tnnperance Tiff. The State Uonvention of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union held at Stockton, Cal., refused to adopt a resolution indorsing Miss Frances E. Willard, but compromised by passing a resolution supporting the work of the national Organization presided over by Miss Willard. The ruction grew out qf the question of party prohibition which Miss Willard so strongly advocates at.all times, and which has Jed to the formation in some states of a non-partisan W. T. C. A. Blown to Atoms, One of the fulminate departments of the Union Metallic Cartridge Company at Bridgeport Conn., was blown up with terrific force causing great consternation among the 600 employes in the main factory. George Baker and his son, .Frederick Baker-, were employed in the department at the time. A moment before the explosion the son became frightened and fled from the place. The father was blown to atoms, his body being scattered in every direction. An Old Rogue. Harvard, 111., is all torn up over the development that Charles Armstrong, for forty years one of- Ifiwvard’s most prominent citizens, has proved to be a defaulter, having robbed hisjclients of 825,000. He has always borne an unblemished reputation, but now it transpires that for years he has been practicing systematic frauds on a large scale. Green Goods and Greenhorns, John Rothchild, of Washington, Neb,, has been swindled by “green goods” men in New York. Ho sent in response to circulars from several different firms 810 each, for which they promised him 8100 each in “genuine bills printed from plates stolen from the treasury,” Now he is waiting for “green goods” that’ never came. Stricken with Bara lysis. Ex-Governor D. G. Noble, of Wisconsin, was stricken with appoplexy at his residence, in Brooklyn, N. Y. It is supposed that the Governor fell down stairs and ruptured a blood vessel. The Rev. Dr. Darlington, of Christis church was summoned to his side. Ex-Governor Noble, with his wife and daughter, have resided in the East for twenty-four years. Ho was Governor of Wisconsin during the war. A New Ohio industry. The first kiln of genuine chinaware ever produced in Ohio was drawn at East Liverpool recently. The kiln represents an expenditure of 812,000 before it was possible to produce the finished china.

The ware is fully equal in quality to the ' genuine English china, and has a lightness, transparency and strength that shows it to be all that the firm claims for their prodnetion. > an Alderman. WE x-Alderman Wm. p. Wheelan was shot down and killed in Chicago by a tinhorn gfftabler and faro-dealer, known as , George H. Hathowa. The murder was committed in Matt. Hogan’s all-night restaurant, 336 South State street, and the unfortunate victim expired less than twelve hours afterward. >. Found Guilty. a William Blaney, who has been on trial in the Baltimore Criminal Court for murdering his grandmother and aunt some months ago, was adjudged guilty of murder in the first degree. It is thought that Blaney had an accomplice in the murder, but he stolidly refuses to disclose who he was. Would-Be Wreckers. Four men were surprised at Liberty, Mo., while they were engaged in loosening the track. The police were informed, but the would-be wreckers had disappeared when they arrived on the ground. They were evidently preparing to shift the rails in order to wreck the Burlington passenger train. Small Bills Scarce. Complaint comes to the Treasury Department from business men all over the country about the scarcity of paper money of small denomination, of one and two dollar bills, and that in consequence they have been compelled to accept and use the bulky and inconvenient standard silver dollars. Will Broken. A rich old bachelor died in Superior, Wis., leaving a will which set aside land in that city valued at 8200,000 for park purposes. His brothers and other relatives made a contest, and the Judge of the Circuit Court has declared it void as creating an unlawful perpetuity and for uncertainty. Sult for Damages. Thomas B. Carson, Democratic candidate for the Legislature, has begun a 810,000 damage suit against J. C. Myers, of Clinton 111., the present Democratic , member, for stating over his own signature that Carson had offered Myers a 8200 bribe while in the Legislature. Jilted Twice. » One of the proprietors of the Douglas Avenue Hotel, Thomas Bowers, at Wichita, Kan., attempted suicide by shooting himself in the left breast. In a’ letter found in his room he stated that he had been jilted twice, and that was enough for him. Bodies Stolen. There is considerable excitement at Kansas City, Mo., by the discovery of tS bodies of Brown and Robert Taylor on the dissecting table of the Kansas City Anatemical Society, they having been stolen from their graves after a few hours burial. A Train Wrecker Pulled. Edward Wambold, 12 years old, was committed to jail charged with wrecking a train at Easton, Pa., by tampering with a switch, causing a train, which was running at the rate of forty miles an hour, to be thrown into a ditch. Strikers Arrested for Conspiracy. Arthur Kelly and John Huller, who took a leading part in the recent strike on the New York Central Railroad, were arrested on indictments for conspiracy. They were switchmen in the East Syracuse yards. Trouble Again Brewing. A special from Evansville says trouble is again brewing on the Mackey system among the conductors, engineers, firemen, agents and operators along the line for |he adjustment of the wage scale. Double Tragedy. v Edward Emmons shot and killed Mrs. Kate Owens in her apartments, on Staten Island, * then placed the revolver to his temple and fired. ’ The wound he received is not believed to be fatal. Wrecked on a Rock. Vestibule train No. 4 on the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad ran into a rock east of Charleston, W. Va. The engine was badly damaged and the mail and baggage cars were derailed. A Counterfeiter Caugbt. Ed. Stephen, a notorious counterfeiter, was arrested at Oklahoma City, I. T. Thirty-seven spurious dollars were found on his person, and a number of niolds in his house. Sent for Ten Years. George W. Cummings, the youthful stage robber, who stopped the Willets and Ukiah stage a few weeks ago, was sentenced to ten years imprisonment at San Francisco. _____ Joliet's Chaplain Resigns. Chaplain A. R. %lorgan, said to be the most eloquent and'effective prison chaplain ever appointed at the penitentiary, has resigned at Joliet. Glass Factory Partially Burned. The Findlay, 0., factory of the United States Glass Company was partially damaged by fire. The loss will be heavy. Dixon Knocked Out, Dixon knocked Murphy out in the tnirty-ninth round in a prize fight at Providence, R. I. An Earthquake. A distinct shock of earthquake, lasting perhaps fifteen seconds, waJ felt at Anna, 111. " THE MARKETS, CHICAGO. Cattle—Common to Prime $ 3.25 @ 5.50 Hogs—Shipping Grades 3.75 (<S 4.35 Shexp 3.00 @ 5.25 Wheat—No. 2 Red 1.03 @l.Ol Cohn—No. 2 .50 <3 .51 Oats—No. 2 .43 Rte—No. 2 '. Butter—Choice Creamery...;.. .22 @ .34 Cheese—Full Cream, flats 08)A@ Egos—Fresh 19 @ .20. Potatoes—Western, per bu 70 @ .75 . INDIANAPOLIS. Catjxe—Shipping 3.50 @ 4.50 Hogs—Choice Light 3.00 @ 4.50 Sheep—Common to Prime...... 3.00 @4.50 Wheat—No. 2 Red 1.00 @ 1.01 Cohn—No. 1 White. 53 @ ,53t$ Oats— No. 2 White .40fc@ .47>j ST. LOUIS. Cattle...... 3.50 @ 5.00 Hogs 3.75 @ 4.25 Wheat-No. 2 Red .99 & .99J4 Cohn—No. 2 "... .49 @ Oats—No. 2 43 @ .43)* Bib—No. 2 «4 @ .65 CINCINNATI. Cattle... 2.00 @ 4.25 Hogs... 3.00 @4.50 Sheep ’.. 3.00 @5.25 Wheat—No. 2 Red 1.00 @ 1.01 Corn—No. 2.... ,54 @ .55 Oats—No. 2 Mixed 46 @ .*7 MILWAUKEE. Wheat—No. 2 Spring 96 @ .97 Cobn—No. 2 62 @ Oats—No. 2 White 47 @ .48 Barley—No. 2 70 @ .72 Rye—No. 1..... DETROIT. Cattle. 3.00 @ 4.25 Hogs 3.00 & 4.00 Sheep 3.00 @ 4.75 Wheat—No. 2 Red 1.03 @ 1.03;x Corn—No. 2 Yellow .56 Oats—No. 2 White 48 @ .49 TOLEDO, Wheat 1.00 @ 1.02 Corn—Cash 53 @ .54 Oats—No. 2 White 46 & .46u B UFF ALO. Cattle—Good to Prime......... 4.00 @ 4.50 Hogs—Medium and Heavy 3.50 @ 4.75 Wheat—No. 1 Hard 1.12 @ 1.13 Corn—No. 2 57 @ .57>4 EAST LIBERTY. Cattle—Common to Prime..... 3.50 @4 75 Hogs—Light. <OO @ 4.50 Sheep—Medium to Good.: 4.25 @5.25 Lambs 5.50 @ 6.00 NEW YORK. Cattle 3.00 @ 5.00 Hogs 4.25 @ 5.00 Sheep.... 4.00 @5.00 Wheat—No. 2 Red 1.07 @ 1.08 Cohn—No. 2 58’ @ .60 Oats—Mixed We5tern............ .46 @ Ai

Found Guilty.

THOSE SPECIFIC DUTIES. HOW THE TARIFF MAKERS GET IN THEIR WORK. Consul Schoenhof Exposes a Tariff Swindle—An Enormous Increase which Lies Hidden in Innocent Figures—The Farmer’s Waning Wealth. Mr. Jacob Schoenhof, who was appointed by President Cleveland as our Consul at Tunstall, England, and was removed by President Harrison for the reason that he was writing reports on the cost of production in Europe and America which were very damaging to the protection cause, has just made an able and striking contribution to the tariff discussion. The figures he gives about the lower prices of farm products are of the utmost importance to farmers. The article is here given entire: ■* exemplifies so well the tactics of the advocates of the new device for increasing the burdens of the consumer, under the guise of a tariff for j protection,as the statement of Senator Al- i drich in reference to cotton velvets. J Senator Carlisle had pointed to the new ! rates on cotton velvets as oppressive to ; the poor people. The old rates were 40 i per cent, ad valorem all round. The ; new rates change this very radically, j ‘Cotton velvets, if not bleached, jdyed, colored, stained, painted, or printed, 10 cents per square yard and 20 per cent, ad valorem; if bleached, 12 cents per square yard and 20 per cent, ad valorem; if dyed, etc., 14 cents per square yard and 20 per cent, ad valorem; ; but fipne of the foregoing articles in this ■ paragraph shall pay a less rate of duty than 40 per cent, ad valorem.” No great danger that under the revised edition of this tariff any class of cotton velvets wi|l I ever reach a basis upon which the pro- ! viso will become effective. The sponsor! of the new tariff bill in the Senate, how- I ever, proved to his owfi satisfaction, and : probably that of the Senators on his side ; of the Senate chamber, that the change did not mean an increase. He stated that he or his agents had been visiting the retail dry goods stores in Washing- ; ton, and found the cheapest cotton vef- , vet sola there to be 70 cents a yard*. 1 This statement seems to have settled the 1 question. Duties, however, are not lev- ■ ied on retail prices as ruling in Washing- ; ton shops, but ort the foreign export 1 prices, which, under the circumstances, : could not be above 35 cents, or half the j retail selling price according to the fol- i lowing formula: ' Cost abroad 35c. net 1 40 per cent, duty 14 cents Expenses, say 16 per cent 3.5 7 per cent, cash discount on wholesale selling price at 62U c nts. 4.375 Importers’ commission .' 5.625 Retailer’s profit 7.5J0 Total 70 cents He would have to be a retailer .doing business on a large scale who would buy directly from the importer. If he buys from an importing jobber, he would have to pay a higher profit rate. No jobbing ! house can afford to do buiness on so , small a margin as 9 per cent, gross ! profit on an imported article and pay j expenses. Nor can a retailer afford to ! do business, unless on a very large scale, I on alO per cent, rate on what’is called fancy dry goods in the trade. Thirty- ' five cents, an intelligent farmer will see, i is the highest estimate I can place as the ! foreign cost of a cotton velvet that the learned Rhode Island Senator had in view when he stated it to sell at Washington at 70 cents a yard. This 35-cent velvet would cost, under | the tariff, revised for the benefit of the ! farmers, 14 cqnts a square yard an<T2o I percent, ad valorem. This sort of vel- ! vet would be 24 inches wide, i. e., two- i thirds of a square yard. Specific duty therefore: 14x24 -3 equal te 26.66 per cent. 36 Ad valorem 20.00 Total 46.66 per cent. Cotton Velvet and velveteen would have I: to be of a higher cost abroad, about 50 i cents, and sell in the places where the Senator obtained his information on the values of foreign dry goods as high as 81 a yard if, under the new tariff, it came under the proviso of 40 per cent, ad valorem. Large quantities of a cheap kind of cotton velvet are imported for undertakers’use. They are known under the name of undertakers’ velvet, They cost on the'other side 4 *4d, a running yard, j On these the duty will now stand as follows: ! Fourteen cents per square yard is seven cents per running-yard; as these goods are about eighteen inches wide, 7.100 J i' - = 82.35 per cent. 6/2 Plus ad valorem 20 Total 102.35 per cent, against the former 40 per cent. So after being tax-ridden to death’s doors, the very trimmings of the coffin in which the poor farmer is carried to his place of rest are raised from 40 to ; 102.35 per cent. If a man of means, he pays lower rates, of course, according to the view, of his heirs. The bulk of importations would average in cotton velvets about 7 pence a yard, about twentyone Inches wide, andihe new tariff taxes them as follows: 14x103x21 •= 58.3 14x36 plus 20 78.3 against the old 40 per cent. rate. Now, these medium-grade velvets are used for differept purposes of wear, and 1 form the material for a variety of domestic manufactures. They are not manufactured in this country. Efforts havq been made, but have invariably failed. The elements which would make a cot-ton-velvet industry successful are wanting in this country. Undoubtedly, somebody who wants to try his hand has ! worked the “infant industry” in Wash- j ington, and has succeeded. But until a ! tidal wave shall have swept from power the makers of this iniquitous tariff, the consumers will have to pay an average of 80 per cent, instead of a 40 per cent, duty. The rich, high-priced goods are always taken care of by the provisos, and the poor and cheap goods have to > pay the blunt, brutal, heavy-weighted j specifics. The people who dictated this j new tariff deal know very well what hug- , ger-mugger can be accomplished under : the cover of an innocent-looking specific j rate. Who knows what fourteen cents a ■ square yard on cotton velvet means out- j side of the dry-goods trade? Who knows j what five cents, seven cents, ten cents, j and fourteen cents a pound on wood j screws means who is not familiar with the iron trade and prices? These covert increases of duty need ' explaining. • Under the cover of dark-1 ness which these specific duties carry ! with them, so much denying on the , stump can be practiced on the agriculturist that they are most valuable auxilaries. One hundred per cent, duty on so common an article of use as black cotton velvet would seem a hard load to carry. Fourteen cents a square yard and 20 per ; cent, does not look much like an increase j over 40 per cent, ad valorem. lam not i sure whether it would not be made to I appear as an actual reduction by the skilled apologists and arithmeticians of ' protection. Huger morsels than this I were presented to our friend from the , country, and were swallowed without; causing any visible signs of uneasiness. | This is a fair example of how the tariff . increase has been carried. It has been ' carried. It is a law, and the farmer j will have to pay for the luxury of belong- 1 ing to and voting for the grand old I party. I could bring dozens of examples how the people are beinir swindled by these specific duties, but this one will ■ 'vis •

suffice for the present In this way the outgoings of the farmers are taken care of by a paternal government. I want to show now the converse, the income side of the farmer’s ledger account. A grand total statement will be the most impressive. It will work with all the brutal force of a knock-down fact: Statement of the quantities and values of the principal cereal crops tn 1880 and 1889. Illinois average of prices taken from the report of the Department of Agriculture, December, 1889 (quantities and values in millions): 1830. Bushels. Price.* Value. Wheat .• 459.6 95 cts. $ 436.5 Corn 1,754.6 36 cts. 631.7 Oats 407.8 29 cts. 118.2 2,622.0 $1,186.4 1839. Bushels. Price.* Value. Wheat 4'30.5 70 cts. $343.35 Corn 2,112.9 24 cts. 507.00 Oats ~5... 751.5 10 cts. 142.78 3,355.0 5923.13 Crops of IS=O Bu. 2.622,<00,000 Crops of 188 > Bu. 3,355,000,000 Salable value of crops of 1880... 51,18 i,000,000 Salable value of crops of 1889... 993,000,000 Increase of crops of 1889 over 18-0 733,000,000 Decrease in value of crops of 1889 from 1880 . 193,000,000 ♦Both ranges of prides are Illinois prices. I have here taken the lea ling crops. All other cereals, and adding potatoes and sweet potatoes, do not form more than 10 per cent, of the above. Both crop years have been years of abundance. Per capita of the fanning population.the crop of 1889 has,perliaps.not yielded more than that of 1880 in bushels. While the crop in aggregate has given an increase of 733,000,000 bushels, or 28 per cent., the salable value is actually by $193,000,000, or 16.30 per cent., less than in 1880. Now, as at least 20 per cent, more farmers have to share in this lessened money product, it is easy to imagine whether the complaints we hear from the agricultural districts have any real basis of facts behind them. If the farmer flatters himself that the distress of low values is a temporary one, I am sorry to say that I can give him but cold comfort. From an earnest study of the situation in Europe, Asia, and America. I cannot but see that the influence which contributes to these results are destined to be permanent. They are spreading over wider and wider areas. The limitations of this letter prevent any pointing out the factors that operate so strongly toward a low pr(ce level in foreign Markets. For the present I only want to point tp results as expressed in the most stubborn of all facts, prices. The American crops of 1890 are less by many hundred million bushels than those of 1889. Th(r English and French crops also have been partial failures. Under apprehensions of scarcity, prices of wheat and oats, which were a year ago in the London market 295. Id. and 16c. lid. respectively per quarter (88% cents and 51% cents per bushel) rose last August to 365. sd. and 20s. Id. per quarter, respectively (sl.lO and 61 cents per bushel). This gave a very hopeful situation to the farmer and would, if these prices had been realized, have compensated him for his shortened crops. But in spite of freshetsj inundations, and other disasters, Ahstro-Hungary, Russia, the Danubian principalities have been doing so well that no scarcity scare can be maintained. In consequence prices are quoted at 31s. 6d. and 17s. Bd. a quarter respectively (95 cents and 54 cents a bushel), or but a very slight advance over the very low prices of a year ago. In view of the coming Congressional election I want briefly to draw attention to tlfbse facts in the hope that they may help .the farmer realize his position. He may possibly see the importance of taking the care of his interests into his own hands instead of confiding it to the tender mercies of the representatives of monopolies and protectionism. TARIFF LETTERS TO FARMER BROWN. NO. 6. The Tariff as the Main Issue of To-day. Dear Farmer Brown: You say that you agree with all I have written in my letters thus far, and* that you are just as good a tariff reformer as I am, if the principles underlying tariff rdform are as I have stated them. But you think it is pretty hard to go back on the Congressman who has represented your district so faithfully for seventeen years, a man, too, who won his military title fighting to save the Union. I need not assure you that I respect your feelings thoroughly in that. But the voting of to-day is on the issues of to-day; and to-day’s duty has to do with the problems of to-day. You have admitted that the McKinley bill is a very bad measure. You laugh over the name Ben Butterworth gave to the so-called agricultural duties when he spoke of them as “tinwhistle duties:” and so I am glad to see you have not been imposed upon in the slightest by this specious attempt which the Republican leaders have made to mislead you into the belief that protection can increase the prices of your farm products. That bi 1, you say, is a bad measure. But your Congressman voted for it; and he will certainly have to vote on tariff measures in the next Congress, for ybu may rest assured that the tariff is not “settled for ten years at least. ” The only important question, therefore, which you have now to decide is whether you want him to vote again as he did on the McKinley bill. A vote for your Congressman is a vote of confidence in the McKinley bill. Ybu cannot give that vote; that “cuss word” you used about the “McKinley prices” convinces, me you cannot. But cast your vote for Congressman A., and let the tens of thousands of other voters who feel as you do vote the same way. What is the result? A Congress of high protectionists is re-elected; they assemble at Washington convinced that men like you want high protection and are willing to pay for it. When tariff making time comes around again—as come it will—they will once more “revise the tariff upward” as they have just done. No, sir; you have no right to let your private good-will toward Congressman A., nor your admiration for his splendid war record, turn you aside from your duty of to-day. The suffrage is a public trust. You dare not place men above measures. You dare not cast your ballot upon issues that were fought out a quarter of a century ago, and leave the issues of to-day to take care of themselvs. Does it not strike you as a little amusing that you should still find yourself voting as if the question before the people were whether the men who fought at Gettysburg, at Spottsylvania, at Cold Harbor were brave men? Os course they were. Congressman A. bears the scar of a wound received, I believe, at Antietam. All honor to him, and a pension, too, if you will; but to-day the question is whether the great toiling masses are to have their wants satisfied with a less amount of labor. To-day for to-day! That is the watchword of all reform. Let the dead past bury its dead, and let its holy memories be consecrated. But new times bring new measures, new responsibilities, and if the men of the past forget this and ask us to stand still with them, we have only to brush past them and leave them to their contemplations. The tariff question is but the form in which the old question comes to us which has always existed in every government on the face of the earth, the question whether the governing power

shall be used for the benefit of rich and influential men or whether it shall be used for the whole people. It is the classes against the masses. The tariff issue to-day is whether we shall have enrichment for the few or simple comfort for the many.' It is “money against manhood;” it is whether every man, however poor or humble, shall have equal rights before, the law; it is whether toil shall reap its full reward, or whether a portion of every man’s labor, every woman’s labor, shall be turned aside to swell the dividends or the bank accounts of men who have never felt the struggle for existence. It is a contest between justice and equality on the bne hand and oppression and : monopoly on the other. It is an issue between progress and oldfogyism. How so? In this way: The great cheapening process now going on in every department of industry marks the progress of man in his contest foi supremacy over nature. New inventions have put into our hands the power to accomplish tenfold more in many lines than our fathers could. The result is that this labor-saving machinery has made everything cheaper. Nowhere is this gain more striking than in transportation, both on land and sea. Steam has enabled us to distribute the good things of life with less than a hundredth part of the labor and expense that we expended in that way when you were born. Cheap production, cheap transportation — those are the great achievements which the cunning of man has* wrought out. The greater the cheapness the greater the progress. But I say that the issue is one between this progress and old-fogy-ism. In thfe way the leaders of the Republican party are to-day trying to convince the American people that cheapness is not to be desired, that things can be too cheap. President Harrison, Maj. McKinley, J. C. Burrows, Cabot Lodge, and other leaders have entered upon the hopeless task of proving to us that it is best that we buy dear. I say hopeless, for they will be unable to persuade any large part of us to accept such nonsense. When we accept it the only reasonable thing left ta us is to burn or break up all our labor-saving machinery, tear up our railroads, and sink our steam engines in the bottom of the sea. As soon as these eminent gentlemen lay down the proposition that cheapness is not good, they at once set their faces against human progress . and have become old-fo-gies. In resisting cheapness they set themselves against foreign trade, and are trying, in so far. to make our country what China was a half century ago, before she opened her ports to the great world. Great heavens! Have we come to this? This cheapness which the world has achieved is in a large part due to more easy and rapid transportation, through which exchange of goods is facilitated: and exchange again is but one part in the process of making things cheaper. Men exchange one thing foi another only because they value that other thing more than what they give to get it. Every schoolboy knows this when he swaps his first jack-knife. But the Republican party sets its face against foreign trade, or exchanges, while the only reason that such trade can exist is the fact that our own free American people— you and I among them —want certain foreign commodities. We decide that we can get those commodities with least labor by a swap, by what Mr. Blaine calls “friendly barter;” we want tc make such a swap and set out to do so But here the Republican pajty Steps in and says: “No, it cannot be done: labor more and get your goods at home.” And I stick to it that the Republican party is an old fogy! One word in conclusion. Do not be misled by plausible appeals.to vote “for the general interests of the country. ” The question for you is, what are your interests? When every man has decided the question of protection in this way, and has cast his vote for the interests of himself and family, do you not see that the average interests of the country are arrived at when the votes are counted. But once let the protectionists befog the issue by specious talk about the “general interests of the country,” which are nearly always somebody else’s interests, ? and where will you land? Will you not have to study every other man's business in order tc find out what the “general interests ot the country” are? But you are not capable—no man living is capable—ol making such a study of the people’s interests. The most we can do is to study the tariff as it affects our own interest^ — not oitt of pure selfishness; but because in this way alone can the “general interests of the country” be determined. The votes of all cast in that spirit will show what these general interests are. There is no other way to tell what those interests are. The only way to get tariff reform is tc vote tariff reform; and I shall trust you to vote it as low as you can get it. Yours truly, Richard Knox. Narrowing the Market. During the last week of the old tariff law an extraordinary pumberi of ships were entered at the port of New York, and the exports of American products were enormous. So many ships were competing for return cargoes that the qharge for freight from New York toEuropean ports reached a very low figure, there being some cases, indeed, where grain was taken free as ballast. This is the explanation given out at the New Y’ork Custom House for the unusually low freight charges, and it proves that the more freely foreign goods are admitted the greater is the foreign demand for American products. Thus also the freights on outgoing cargoes are brought very low, and our products can compete more advantageously in Europe with the products of other countries. The blight of McKinleyism, will, however, go far toward changing all this; for already there are signs in England, our principal market, that our products will be in less demand. The London Economist, which is the foremost authority In England on these subjects, says, in commenting upon the McKinley bill: “Many of the staple commodities we now import from the United States we can buy elsewhere, and if the cost of production in the States is enhanced, as it must be under the new tariff, these other markets will become the cheapest for us to buy in. ” Whatever the protectionists may say, the English can much better afford to lose the American market than we can afford to lose the English market On an average we sell England every year $216,000,000 worth of commodities over and above what we buy from that country. Have not we more at stake than England has in this trade? Especially our farmers, who produce three-fourths of our exports? McKinley Prices for Knives. The enormous increase of duty on pocket-knives and other cutlery has already enabled domestic manufacturers to charge “McKinley prices.” The following letter explains itself: Hotchkissvillk, Conn., Oct 2, 1890. Farm, Stock, and Home: Gentlemen —We beg leave to advise yoa that we hereby withdraw all former quotations on our cutlery. We have made an advance in our prices, which will be quoted to you by Mr. Taylor on Ids next trip, or by us on application. Yours truly, American Shear 00. This company evidently takes the MoKinley motto: “Cheap! I never liked the word.”