Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 62, Number 10, Decatur, Adams County, 13 January 1964 — Page 6

PAGE SIX

Mountains Os Laws Govern Americans

EDITOR’S NOTE—A mountain of laws — an estimated 2 million of them — Govern the waking and sleeping lives . of all Americans. The in< dispatch, first of a threepart series by Barney Siebert of United Press International.' explores how many laws we have and how they piled up. By BARNEY SEIBERT United Press International There is a legal rule often quoted in courts and law schools that “every man is presumed to know the law.’’ It ought to be repealed. So should thousands of the outmoded and obscure laws which purport to govern the lives of Americans from the moment of their birth to the instant of their death. But it is not easy. The fact is that even the experts not only do not know all the country’s laws but don’t even know how many there are. The American Bar Association (ABA>, which should know, is in the process of preparing an automated index of state

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laws and is using computers in hopes of extracting the law from court decisions. One estimate is that the country’s legal explosion has flooded the nation with 2 million laws. But in a United Press International survey of 25 states, only one — Florida — was able to tell exactly how many laws it has on the books. Many states measure their laws in sections or “articles.” Some count them in chapters. A few — like California and New York — count their laws by the volume. Simple Once Things used to be simpler. About 4.000 years ago a Babylonian king named Hammurabi ordered all the laws of'his kingdom inscribed on a stone stela 8 feet high. It contained 288 laws. Some 2.500 years later the Roman Emperor Justinian managed to compress all his. empire’s laws into a single “corpus juris civilis”- code of 175 new

of 150.000 written lines of precedent making decisions. The whole thing would have fitted neatly into one of California’s volumes With plenty of room left over. ’ ' Nowadays, the state of Georgia has added 381 amendments to its constitution since 1945 together with an annual output of about 600 new laws for the state code. California has 80 volumes of laws with 850 pages in each volume. Commerce Clearing House, the Chicago legal reporting agency, lists 25.745 new state laws enacted this year with the total in seven states still incomplete. The ABA estimates the total output of state legislatures at about 35.000 new? laws each year. The 87th Congress, which adjourned in 1962. enacted 885 public law’s. 85 more than its predecessor, Commerce Clearing House reported. J Only Small Part But the output of the state and national legislatures is only a small part of the total.. Each county, city, town and village in the nation has its own set of ordinances. Despite the efforts of the ABA, the International City Managers Association (ICMA* and the National Municipal League, they are far from uniform. At the national level, in addition to the legal production of Congress, there are the rules of the fede-al regulatory agencies which have the effect of law 'under certain conditions. Finally, there are the thousands of school districts, park districts, fire protection districts and drainage districts which have certain limited lawmaking powers. In the past 55 years the U.S. Constitution has been amended nearly twice as many times as in the preceding 115 years. ... The number of federal regulatory agencies with limited lawmaking powers has increaSed from one in the 19th century to a dozen or more. To interpret the outpouring of legislation from the nation’s lawmakers, there are nearly 200.000 practicing lawyers and more than 8.000 judges in the United States. The number’?? of lawyers engaged in private practice is increasing at the rate of about 1.000 a year and the number of ludges is rising at the rate of about 100 annually.

Next: Why the legal explosion has occurred. Jailed Man Owes Al Leas! $27 Million CORPUS CHRISTI. Tex. (UPD—Paul Amos Sandblom, who a court-aopointed receiver said owes at least $27 million to “solid people from California to the East Coast,” , sat in jail today and waited lawyers to post $25,000 bond. Sandblom, who made millions hv selling investments," turned ■ himself -in to a U.S. marshal Sunday and was arraigned on charges of using the mails to I sell securities not properly filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Bond was set by U.S. Commissioner James C. Martin. Sandblom had been missing for almost a week. The investments magnate left Corpus Christi last Monday. His 'lawyers filed a voluntary bankf-uptcv petition on Tuesday’ and on Friday the federal government brought charge s, against him. On the morning the bankruptcy petition was filed, the last payment on Sandblom’s $55,000 home was made. Robert Burke, a court-ap-pointed receiver, said Sandblom owed at least $27 million, and added, “and that figure could easily be doubled.”. He said Sandblom’s cred ito r s might number 4.000. One of the creditors is a company in California owned by Bing Crosby, but the biggest loser was a Dallas investment house was reported to have lost $1.5 million. Sandblom’s lawyers said their client’s cause might not be hopeless. If you nave something to sell or trade — use the Democrat Want arte - thev get BIG results

-'dß# ■ BP* ' ir "' ,u ’ .’W ..j, rCJSjpT^y JJMBX > rr. va \ * JjfMK-zWWr > 'W^r■&■ X,. ~-£ • i <3WK.-. xS&KsSa - rTT ' ■ aa&, ;J i - J ULWiimij iiilZ. aHMH HONORING AGRICULTURE— Within the next 5 years, a tribute to America’s most basic way of life—agriculture—will be born. It will take the form of a Hall of Fame and be located on a 295-acre site near suburban Bonner Springs, Kan. ■(■ Ground has already been broken for the First Hall phase, shown at left in the artists drawing above. The entire complex will include a large exhibit area, a conference room and administrative offices.

THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT, DECATUR, INDIANA

Bluffton Man Fined

On Two Charges Paul Theodore Heller, 46, of Bluift n. was fined on charges of public intoxication and disorderly conduct in justice of the peace epurt this morning, following what could have been a tragedy Sunday afternoon. Heller was fined $lO and costs on Wie disorder y charge and $5 on t.ie public intoxication' charge, for a total of $47. which he paid. a He was a-res ed about 4:30 p.m. Sunday, after he had driven his automobile down the Erie-Laca-wa la railroad tracks on county road 7 l i, a half mile west of Decatur. Hellpr was eastbound and apparently though he was turning onto another road, and he turned onto the railroad tracks and drove 36 feet down the tracks, before stopping his auto. A near-by. resident saw the vehicle straddling the tracks, and -notified the sheriff’s department. Deputy sheriff Warren Kneuss, upon arriving at the scene, had a hard time comincing Heller he was parked on the railroad tracks and getting him to leave, thus the disorderly conduct charge. A wrecker was called to remove the auto, after the Erie station had been notified to hold any trains coming through the area. In addition to the fine, Heller also bad to pay the tow charge.

53 Utilities In State Over Earning Rates INDIANAPOLIS (U PI) — Chairman Merton Stanley of the Indiana Public Service Commission today said' 53 Hoosier utilities are earning a higher rate than the PSC normally allows. He said these utilities have been told to reduce rates or justify them. Stanley • told a news conference the PSC accounting staff analyzed reports made by the 281 utilities operated in the state. “Fifty-three of these reports indicated that the. utilities were earning' more than seven per cent on the fair value of their utility property,” Stanley said. “The commission feels that this is higher-than is necessary and byway of informal investi gation, has addressed letters to these utilities. We are suggesting that their rate of return is high and that steps should be taken within the next 30 days to reduce their rates or to justify their rate to the commission.” Stanley also said if the commission’s request is not honored, “it will be necessary to initiate formal investigations. He said information was based on figures requested for the first time in 1963. The seven per cent return was used as the cut-off point because it is the amount thfe PSC considers “toe high.” — Stanley said he eould not estimate how much in actual funds might be involved in the excessive returns above the cut-off point. He said one company, Central Indiana Gas Co., was returning $1.27 million to customers by agreement. Stanley said of the 53 utilities cited, no refunds to customers w.ould be ordered but future rate reduction was probable. He said the reason Central In.-, diana Gas made refunds was because the utility obtained a rate hike recently. “It is the commission’s position that Indiana utilities should have sufficient earnings 't« be healthy but not to grow fat at the public’s expense,” Stanley salcT. “We feel that this action is consistent .with our responsibility under the statute' and is in the in terests of the public being served.” - The single highest rate of return shown in the report was 40.61 per cent for the Austin Water Co. Next was Richmond Radio-Telephone Co. with - 37.48 followed by the Ohio Valley Gas, Inc., of Winchester at 32.64 per cient. Other gas companies listed and the rate of return in the

I WKiaMtl V '. Hr I WMBk '‘.ftjw J ;\ * .vf’" \ ■sMka wWrl CAN’T QUITE REACH IT — Monmouth's Dean Schieferstein has a long stretch, but not quite long enough to g.ab a rebound away from Netherland (31 > and Ormsby (55» of Lancaster Central, during the Eagles’ victory in the consolation game of the Ossian tourney Saturday evening.—(Photo*by Mac Lean)

50 \X / W.iaKu W 2’? W .3' 1 111 ' '*i! JPnt ''l fllm ■’OgS Ail Ji W- '* < W, V / JF” ** iHw w flfl IhIKhL. ilO’ Jfjb HBBfw|L..Ml h i ■ - w PULL ’ER DOWN — Ossian’s Cotton brings down a rebound away from Don Eglcy of Adam ; Central in Saturday’s title match won by the Hears. Dishung ’(44> and Art Ringger„ await any loose ball. — ( Photo by Mac Lean >

report were: Ohio Valley Gas Corp, of Winchester, 9.82; Indiana . Gas Distribution Corp., Danville, 10.07; Northern Indiana Fuel -and Light Co., Auburn, 7.10; Lawrenceburg Gas Transmission Co., 13.94; Chandler Natural Gas Co. Boonville, 16.09, and Westfield Gas Corp., 17.84. Telephone 'companies cited were:-. Argos Telephone Co., 8.10; Citizens Telephone Co., Brazil, 7.38; Eastern Indiana Telephone Co., Winchester. 8.55; Indiana Telephone Corp.,- Seymour, 7.5; Knightstown Telephone Co., 9: Rochester Telephone Co., 8.41; Sullivan Telephone Co., 8.091 Tipton Telephone - Co., 7.74; Citizens Telephone Co., Fairmont, f 7,02 - Citizensx. Telephone Co., Warren, 7 75-j Central Indiana Telephone .Co., Brookston, 7.35; Coatesville Telephone Co., 11.04; Craigville Telephone Co., Decatur, 10.78: Elnora Cooperative Telephone Co., 7.19; Farmersburg Telephone Co., 9.26, and Freelandville Telephone - Co., 12.29. Georgetown Telephone Co.,

19.5; Jefferson Telephone Co., 8.86; Lanesville Telephone Co., 20.75: Liberty Center Telephohe Co., Warren, 7.63; Mulberry Cooperative Telephone £o.y 8.98; New Market Cooperative Telephone Co., 18.34; Odon-Madison Twp. Telephone Co., £ 04; Poseyville Telephone Co., H. 37. “ Water companies listed . were: Seymour Water Co., 7.54 and Sullivan County Water Co., 7.15. Rural Electric Membership corporations listed Were: Bartholomew County, Columbus, 16.56: Boone-Lebanon, 9.78; Carroll, Delphi, 8.41: Hendricks at Danville 12.09; Henry at New Castle, 15.2; Jackson at Brownstown, 7.36: Johnson at Franklin 7.19; Kankakee Valley at Wanatah. 8.03; Knox at Vincennes, 15.26: Kosciusko at Warsaw, 10.82: LaGrange at LaGrange, 8.32; Newton at Kentland, 8.87; Noble at Albion 9.66; Orange at Orleans, 7.14; Southern Indiana at Tell City, 8.31; Stuben at Angola, 12.37, and Tipmont at Linden, 10.12. One sewage company, the Triple A Utility Co., Hobart, showed a return at 9.24.

I iHrj flf fl WINTER SKINDIVLNG'is becoming more popular in this area as Francis Pollock, leftjand Dick King, right, demonstrate. King is oi lured here as he prepares to go down for a 20-mmute stay under on a in SeTrby recently. used a power saw to cut a hole large enough fo~ King to descend. Th c d. which is about the same after the diver gets down a few dozen feet winter or summer, was enough to give King a headache, but not enough to discourage his interest in winter diving. King tried to take a few pictures underwater, but they did not turn out this time.

Art Wall Is Winner Os San Diego Open SAN DIEGO, Calif. (UPD — Art Wall, at one time rated as one of the world’s greatest golfers, came back from the limbo of the losers today—confident that he had regained his old championship form. The silent Dutchman from Pocono Manor, Pa., won the $30,000 San Diego Open golf tournament Sunday—his first victory since 1960, and his first inside United States since 1959, the year he won the Masters“If I can stay healthy,” said Art after the victory, “I think I can play winning golf now. I’ve corrected a couple of things I had been doing wrong.” He heads from San Diego to Pebble Beach, Calif., today where he’ll ftteam with San Francisco Giants Manager Alvin Dark in the Bing Crosby National Pro-Amateur tournament this weekend. Wall collected $4,000 for his victory here Sunday—about 40 per cent of what he made all last year. Although he hasn’t been a tournament winner in three years, he always has collected around $20,000 per year or more with his solid finishes. Sunday, like most every other day in this tournament, was a mixed up affair for all. One dav during the week, when frost was delaying the starts on the Rancho Bernardo courses, he got up at 4:45 a.m., for a 7 a.m. start—and never got off the tee until 10:30. „ Wall had rounds of 71-65-68-70 274 to edge Tony Lerna ana Bob Rosburg, who had 276 s and collected $2,300 each. Tied for fourth were British Open champion Bob Charles, the left-hander from New Zealand;' rookie George, Archer, making his second start as a pro: Rex Baxter and Harold (Catfish) Kneece, each with 277, good for SLSOO. Arnold Palmer, the pre-tour-nament favorite, as always, closed his play with a hot bb and picked up $725 for his 281 finish, along with three others. Berne Regular Out Balance Os Season Dave Fox, regular 6-2 center for the Berne Bears, has been lost for the rest of the season due to a broken bone in his left foot. Fox suffered the break in the first half of the Berne-Central Catholic game at Berne Friday, and played for sometime afterwards with slight pain but did not know the bone was broken. Saturday morning x-rays were taken and discovered the break. A senior. Fox had broken the same bone in an identical spot last year while playing for the Hartford Gorillas. Doctors said the foot will be in a cast for about six weeks, thus Fox will not see any more action this season. Stanley said all other utilities in Indiana showed rates of return under the seven per cent ceiling.

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MONDAY, JANUARY 13, 1964

BOWLING Coffee League End of Ist Half W L Pts. Drips 34% 13% 43% Sugar— 29 19 41 Saucerettes 28 20 40 Instant— 27 21 38 Perks -26% 21% 36% Cups 25 23 33 Spoons 24 24 33 Sippers 25 23 31 Cubes -22 26 30 Warmers 21 27 27 Coasters 19 29 27 Dunkers 20 28 24 Cream 19 29 24 Caffeine 16 32 20 High games: M. Reef 170, T. Yost 167-151, M. Tutewiler 167, P. Affolder 165-165-150, W. Hirschy 163, O. Jeffrey 161. M. Gephart 159 M. Geifer 159, M. Merriman 156, L. Affolder 152, E. Bultemeier 150, K. Porter 150, A. Baker 150. Splits converted: E. Bultemeier 3- O. Jeffrey 3-10. M. Merriman 3-10, C. Vore 3-10, D. Gehres 5-6, K. Pageler 2-7, W. Hirschy 4- V. Smith 3-10, S. Hake 4-5-7, M. D. Cochran 3-10, R. Barkley 3-10, M. Gephart 5-7-9, P. Affolder 5- twice, M. J. Burnett 3-10, B. Schneider 5-8-10, K. Bonifas 4-5 & 3-10, L. Swearingen 4-5, P. Stucky 3-10.' GOP Heads Attend State Conference Republican leaders from all over Indiana converged on Indianapolis Saturday, to attend the 1964 campaign organization meeting at the Claypool hotel. ' Attending from Adams county were party chairman Roy L. Price and Mrs. Price, and party vice chairman, Eleanor Snyder. Robert N. Stewart. Columbus, state chairman, presided. He discussed the coming campaign.

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