Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 61, Number 301, Decatur, Adams County, 23 December 1963 — Page 6

PAGE SIX

Automation Feared By Nation’s Workers

- By HARRY FERGUSON United Press International WASHINGTON (UPD — You cwn a small candy store located one block from a high school and you have one clerk. One day a man appears at the high

Merry Christmas to All ' / CHOICE \ SHOP STANDARD FOR U.S. "CP.CiCE" BtFF TOO. / / ?*o| ■V ' SELL ONLY ONE GRADE OF BEEF... U.S. GOVT. 1' / / WffK *3L GRADED "CHOICE" ... DO NOT BE MIS-LFD BY A A L <, MEANINGLESS NAMES USED VO CONFUSE AND COVER UP INFERIOR 11 Wil X I QUALITY. INSIST ON THE BEST ...U. S. GOVT. GRADED "CHOICE" Wl A F— l k |*V ’ m ill BEEF FROM STANDARD. F jf'Ll fa A/fA S “t 'A Vuk. Y WEc,vc 7 CTJ MARHOEFER OR STARK & WETZEL >1 JF KSNIOKED MMk I *~l tyTAMPiJ hI Bl I9k si,AKK mBEL OPEN LATE MON. DEC. mB HMB POimoN o l w J3B f open till 6p m - dec 24>h ErEMIHH JMHBtaHBbi ¥ CLOSED CHRISTMAS day dec. 25th « S O , 50 THAT our employees may enjoy CHRISTMAS with their families | HHHHV BBkwH VBl !■■s• PRICES ad effective thru DECEMBER 24th 27., ..ijTrrTnwß young grade a Wi TURKEYS ■ rUTT PORTION.. . l • ■ young grade-a" -fcw - B full butt half 55 1 HEN turkeys . 77. ? 39/ leHtW Effl aMpll/C AjP O * UffiE U S GOVT GRADE STOIO l( AVG. Jfl MEIEO A MVEINEO I'/i-U.C-K QQ I *1 ’ ™ UAM eB young turkeys— 118 47/ shrimp BAG T Bj I J L L I*?' - ’ ■■**■*■ V OVEN READY AO STARK A WETZEL OR MARHOEFER Y'* m iTMKFMEX .7” 7WI YOUNG DUCKLINGS . 18 47/ ROLL SAUSAGE 18 27/ / J /jOL74.’fcSßil FRESM ’ O4STINi -’ jioa ib C s 0 ” ESH fROZEN s-oz z> « nW chickens 18 00/ chicken livers .... PKG o7 ; l«wl < • JfBMI I : I*J lI j n Vr-IBH OYSTERS . CAN 07/ CHICKEN GIZZARDS ? ■ I V nN ' 1 aga ’ ’onfiess p- lB e .n '* . -Mi<i»<ij'v jWmrWM. llu 1 1 i i K IBM CANNED HAM.... □""’J JMB mabhoihr gf*man top taste jSHMSBBIr jaWpl bologna iB 69/ chub salami “ 89/ f . K nfcytajSireTOSE'WIBMBBfoIMKMMMBBITOS M(ID . — makhoeffr A> a til WIA LONGHORN CHEESE . . . “ 69/ SAUSAGE Bl li i L*J i AJrirl MUO zr- top taste COLBY CHEESE 18 65/ BRAUNSCHWEIGER f ” 4 CAN M*TThMi t3S ; F ? I JBBBbKSKL 1 hygradescannid lb< booth cut lunch ion I( -r. fADTfikJ CANNEDHAM s^^HT;r A 5NtT $ 49 0 HERRING mT 55/ CARTON... | BBIBHBBBMHBMBBBi booth sour cream mn. MM ANOTHER E» HAM honey GOH sn £ ’t $ 499 HERRING •■ W FIRST FOR TOP TREAT I ICE CREAM. 140 I biscuits! STOKELY PINEAPPLE.. . .3“V $ 1- 00 H B TOP TREAT CAKE MIXES. . 3"- 89/ | I BAR-T-RANCH APRICOTS.: .3 * S I OO 9tol xL 1 V ' ORCHARD FRESH PEACHES.'.'".“."f.SZTY > IftSSMiVB V • • • DOZ. CRANBERRY SAUCE.. f DEL MONTE PEAS can 19/ ! WASHINGTON STATE APPLES O l,s GOLDEN CORN . c . A ' D ' NF " SHC, ' AMSm ' 2c 3 &29/ WMB CALIF. EMPEROR GRAPES ... 2 1,$ 49/ SWEET POTATOES ....“ .. . sq c u a*n t 29/ FRESH GOLDEN CORN HATCO PIE CRUST MIX 2,W 1 29< FRESH BRUSSELS SPROUTS.. '“’ CREAM CHEESE CAKE.. ”‘“..'SS9k YAM SWEET POTATOES ..... 3“ t 49(' NEW CROP NUTS \ JjUuL Candied DIAMOND ENGLISH WALNUTS 1...ag49/ / fafatA, GEORGIA PECANS bag s 9/ *<l— Z .w-oznn !'• UH FANCY MIXED NUTS - 2lM *° \ SSW3WA^I a %t MERRIEMIX ’.a° z 29/ V IflEI FANCY BRAZIL NUTS 1..ba<59/ \ / LOAF . . «»59/ 'WOItH tlitto _ o - BARCELONA FILBERTS «t*.«59/ > *-■ ..7 T *’ CANDIES •*= 3"/ WOICHASST AM Olt> FASHION—TOP TASTE . Miriflj to°™ TES »or 9B/ EidECBI fDANREDDIEC LB ••““99/ chocolate drops 39/ ■ KESH pRANBERRIES •• • rr.. •. ! a s 2 fruitcake. 2 »n 5 1 59 carries tot' . PASCAL CELERY... •.... 229/ fruit cake . /....>. 59/ rf' ■

school and installs a machine from which the students can get candy bars by dropping a coin in a slot. ■ ; ’’— . ■ • Here, in its simplest form, is the dilemma of < automation. The pupils begin buying candy from

the machine and your business drops to the point where you have to fire your clerk. But the nation’s labor force still is in balance. One job has been lost but one also has been gained—the man who stgcks the candy machine. " But then he installs two, then three, then four machines in the school. The time comes when you can't pay the rent and you go out of business. Now the labor force is out of balance because two jobs have been lost and only one

THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT, DECATUR. INDIANA

gained. One estimate is that 40,000 American w orkers are losing their jobs every week because ot automation. It is a guess rather than an estimate because nobody has any hard figures on the problem, nobody has gone from city to city counting Even if they did so, the statistics would be deceiving because many of the 40,000 might have moved to another town and found work. Pro aiJ( l Con You will not find here any

definitive answer to the question of whether, over-all and in the long run, automation causes unemployment. Persons eminently qualified can be found on both sides of the question with statistics and exarrfples that' are above reproach. Like this: z —ln the first nine months of this year General Motors Corp, employed a total of 346,167 persons in this "■ country. For the same period last year 332,207 were employed. General Motors relief heavily on automation, but here we have the number

of workers increasing;. —There are “instances where automation causes only a temporary loss of jobs. Cadillac installed an engine cylinder block machining department. It reduced the number of workers needed from 89 to 71. Thus 18 persons were laid off early in July, but all of them were rehired for" other jobs in September. That is the bright side of the automation picture, but there is a dark one, too: —ln 1923 there were 643,200

■ men employed in this country mining bituminous coal. Over the years labor saving machinery was introduced. By 1960 the number of miners employed had fallen 1 to 139,400. Here you have more than 500,000 men, trained to do only one thing, thrown on the labor market. —Studies made last June showed that the number of employes in a leading chemical company was down by 8 per? cent; a big oil company was down 28 per cent; and a food corporation was down 25 per cent. All of them had gone in heavily for automation. Basic Factor Any generalization about automation is dangerous, but it is fairly safe to say that the competitive position of the industry or corporation involved is a basic factor in the employment picture, General Motors hired more people this year than last, but it also manufactured more automobiles. Bituminous coal was forced into a bad the demand for coal fell off because of the competition from natural gas and petroleum. Those factors, plus the labor saving machinery, spelled disaster for the bituminous labor force. * Persons who look on automation without . fear like to cite what happened when the United States emerged from the horse and buggy age. There were about 225,000 persons employed to make wagons, harness and put shoes on horses. The automobile swiftly put them out of work. But within a few years there were 2 million persons employed in manufacturing, servicing and selling automobiles? Persons who fear automation have this quick reply: If it is true that automation creates jobs, why are, there 3.9 million person s unemployed today? They mention “silent firings,” meaning that jobs that might be available to the army of unemployed already are being done by automation. Retraining Roadblocks Much emphasis is put on the retraining of the unemployed to equip them for jobs in automated factories. The federal government has plunged into it with 12,294 projects all over the country involving 96,335 persons. There are about 6,000 additional persons being trained on the job, that is, they are taught while they are working. But the program runs into some curious resistance regardless of whether the project, is sponsored by % the government or private industry. In California, 50,000 unemployed persons were eligible for a 13-week retraining course. Only 38 applied and only 26 actually took the course. A meat packing firm offered retraining to 433 workers displaced by machines. Only 58 actually took the course and only 20 wound up with jobs. The automobile unions have a saying that “automation in Detroit can mean firings in Fort Wayne." What they mean is that the auto makers can automate one process that eliminates the need fdr a feeder factory in some other city. Are workers willing to move out of a dead town into a live one? The fact is that those. thrown out of work are the least able to move because they usually are the oldest workers and the lowest paid. A middle-sized company built an automated factory in a new area and offered 325 persons a moving allowance to make the change. It developed that more than 100 was no market and could not afford to move. Peru Man To Seek Party Nomination PERU, Ind. <UPI) — Miami’ County GOP Chairman Gerald Powell announced Sunday he woud be a candidate for his party’s secretary of state nomination next year. Powell, 53, is former clerk of Miami Circuit Court and served as chairman of the Republican State Speakers Bureau in 1958 and 1960.

If you have something |o sell 01 trade — use the Democrat Want ads — they get 810 results.

11th Hour GIFTS BOX CANDY W-l-D-E PRICE RANGE! HOLTHOUSE DRUB CO.

MONDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1963

Training Courses Set By Red Cross The first aid instructor training course of the Red Cross Fo r t Wayne chapter, 1212 East California Rd., Foyt Wayne, beginning Wednesday, February 5. This course wil run 7 weeks from 7-10 p.m. Applicants for this course must be 18 years of age, or over, and must have completed advanced first aid within the the past 3 years. The water safety instructor course will begin part 1 at the YMCA, 325 West Wayne Street, Fort Wayne Monday, January 6, promptly at 8:30. This will continue for 10 weeks from 8:30 to 10 p.m. Part 2 will be conducted the week of March- 16-20, 1964, from 7-10 p.m., also at the YMCA. Applicants for this training course must be 18 years og age, or over, and must have completed senior life saving within the past three years. Any one interested in either of these courses, will please contact the Red Cross Office at least five days before the first class session. Cigarette Bill Is $819,000 Yearly Here NEW YORK—What are residents of Adams county likely to do about their smoking, in view of the new barrage of reports to the effect that cigarette smoking shortens a person’s life? On tl>e basis of their reaction several years ago, when similar announcements were made linking smoking with lung cancer and heart disease — not very much. Higher Consumption The figures show that they are puffing away at a greater rate than ever. Per smoker, local consumption is about 7 per cent higher than it was 10 years ago. The data comes from national statistics compiled by the department of agriculture and from area reports issued by the tobacco industry. > There was considerable anxiety some yearg ago among smokers when the first Statements about the health hazard came out. The anxiety was removed to a large extent by prompt action on the part of tobacco manufacturers. They were on the market quickly with filter cigarettes. Since then, the use of cigarettes has risen sharply. In Adams county, some 3,358,060 packs were consumed in the past year." This was at the rate of 202 packs per year for every focal resident over the age of 14. It was slightly higher than in most parts of the United States, the average being 201 packs per year. The rate in the East North Central States was 194 packs. Except for 1953. when cigarette consumption dropped somewhat following the first lung cancer report, there has been a continuous rise in sales. This year, it is estimated, over 523 billion cigarettes will be sold in the United States. How much do Adams county residents spend annually for whatever satisfaction it is that they get out of cigarette smokings? Spend $819,000 Here The answer is—more than they realize. Last year it amounted to $819,000, or approximately $49 per smoker. Taking into account the 70 million' smokers in /he country, some $8 billion a year is spent for cigarettes and other tobacco products.

‘Shedd Aquarium... ~ famous In Chicago ••. a landmark known to Chicago visitors... equally renowned in the. heart of the loop is the 44 story high ‘. CAROUSIL-IN-THI-SKY - (30 mile view of the city) • No cover • No minimum • No entertainment tax luncheons frbm $2 JBjB dinners from $3.50 • • ■ 1800 newly v'AIuII decorated rooms Ond suites ,y Singles from $7.50 My Doubles from $10.50 Twins from $13.50 -AAorrcoon hotcl Clark and. Madison Streets Chicago, 111. • Tel. 372-9600