Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 61, Number 255, Decatur, Adams County, 29 October 1963 — Page 6

PAGE SIX

Adams County Farmers’ Corner

County Agent’s Corner

by Leo N. Seltenright County Extension Agent THIS IS IT: It is with much regret that I write this last newspaper column. Adams county is a fine place to live and work. It, is the people that make an area what it is and you have made Adams county a garden spot. My only hope is that I have been able to offer some assistance to as many as possible. DRY WEATHER CAUSES WHEAT PROBLEMS: This story by Cliff Spies, extension agronomist, is particularly appropriate now. The extended dry weather this fall has raised questions for In-

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diana's wheat producers concerning stands. Three things can have happened to wheat that has not yet come up: <l> there was just enough moisture to result in swellling and germination, but the plants died before emergence; evidence of this can be found by digging in the drill row 12) there.was not enough moisture to bring about germination, but the seed was .close to a fertilized granule and the germ is dead from salt injury or '3* the seed is in dry ground and just waiting for ' moisture. Fertilizer injury has been observed on experimental plots in the Finney-Purdue farm near Wanatah. Stands have been riA. duced where 5 pounds of N plus K2O < Potash) were applied in contact with the seed. However, there is no need to replant on the basis of previous experience. Wheat yields in 1963 were nearly as great where 2 pecks were seeded as when higher seeding rates were used. Since the average seeding rate in Indiana is about 6 pecks, half the stand can be lost from fertilizer injury or dry weather and still have prospects for good yields without replanting. Adequate supply of nitrogen when growth starts next spring will stimulate stooling of the re-

maining plants. There is a good chance that even if wheat would lie in dry ground all fall that it would grow next spring and mature a seed head. Cold temperatures this winter would likely vernalize the kernel so that seed heads would grow, next spring. If replanting is necessary, recommendations for late planting should be followed. Use Vermillion or Monon as top choices and seed at the rate of 8 pecks per acre. farm ponds CAN EASE WATER SHORTAGE: Indiana's current drought, which has created serious water supply problems, also emphasizes the fact that farm ponds can furnish water for livestock and for home use, if properly filtered and chlorinated. To o, they can provide a recreation area for the farm family. A half-acre farm pond refilled once a year can furnish 900 gallons of water daily, says Don Sisson, Purdue University extension agricultural engineer. This allows for -evaporation, seepage and a reserve supply for such uses as fire protection. Landowners with farm ponds which have gone dry this fall can take advantage of that situation to clean, deepen and enlarge them. This practice is recommended if porous rock or soil is not exposed, causing the pond to leak excessively later.

THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT. DECATUR. INDIANA

Autumn is a good time for pond constructifin. But Sisson points out that the best way to con-, struct a pond is to plan it thoroughly and build it properly. RECORD CORN, SOYBEAN YIELDS IN PROSPECT: Despite central Indiana’s driest September in more than 60 years state record corn and soybean yields remain in prospect for 1963 note state-federal agricultural statisticians at Purdue University. The state's Oct. 1 grain corn forecast is 391 million bushels, the same as of. a month earlier. The statisticians forecast a crop 11 per cent larger than in 1962 and a yield of 85 bushels an acre, three more than the recordsetting yield of last y£ar. Extremely dry soil conditions and severe weediness brought a one per cent drop to an expected soybean production of 83 million bushels. As of Oct. 1 a new record yield of 29.5 bushels an acre is forecast. ' »» Stocks of old corn on Hoosier farms as of Oct. 1 were estimated at 15.9 million bushels — 27 per cent smaller than a year ago. However, wheat stocks at about 7.4 billion bushels are more than double the Oct. 1,1962, farm holdings. Farm stocks of oats at 23.5 million bushels are slightly smaller than a year ago; barley and rye stocks on farms also are smaller than a year earlier.

Hay production probably will total nearly 2.5 million tons, two per cent smaller than in 1962. Hoosier grain sorghum growers expect to harvest slightly more than 500,000 bushels for a record yield of 63 bushels an acre.. Indiana’s 1963 tobacco crop is estimated at 16,800,000 pounds, about the same as last year’s production. Milk production in September totaled 271 million pounds, one per cent above a year ago, but a 20- pound seasonal decline from August. September egg production totaled- 162 million eggs compared to 166 million during September 1962. AERATE DRY SHELLED GRAIN IN STORAGE: Dry shelled grain in storage can go “out of condition’ as outside temperatures change unless the storage is equipped to aerate the grain. The problem arises from the movement of moisture from one part of the grain mass to another, explains Brtice McKenzie. Purdue University extension agricultural engineer. The moisture migrates because of the difference 'in grain temperatures within the bin. Grain temperature in the fall, when corn is dried and stored, may be around 70-90 degrees F. As outside air temperatures drop in the late fall and winter, corn temperatures around the outside and top of the bin tend to follow. The middle kernel of corn in a 21- diamete, 5,000 bushel bin is insulated by 10% feet of corn and its temperature changes slowly. Thus, a temperature differential of 20-40 degrees F can exist between the center and perimeter of the bin. Convection will cause air to circulate and equalize the temperature. Cold air is more dense than warm air, and flows toward the floor, in the cold grain along the walls of the bin. Air in the center of the bin is warmer than the outside air and flows upward. As air circulates and is warmed by the center mass, its moisture holding capacity increases and it may absorb small amounts of moisture from the grain. As the air enters the top surface, moisture may condense on cold grain,, much as it does on a cold window pane. Crusting occurs, and 'if permitted to continue, may seal the top surface. Spontaneous heating then may occur and accelerate spoilage. McKenzie recommends . using a blower to force air through the grain. Air flows are normally 1/10 cubic foot of air per minute per bushel in farm storage. This is about 1/30 of minimum air flow rates for drying. ® McKenzie suggests that aeration of grain should be considered for any storage over 2,000 - 2,500 bushels. Tall, thin grain storages, such as converted corn cribs, are not as critical as cubeshaped storages. TAKE SOIL SAMPLES AFTER HARVEST: A worthwhile project for Indiana farmers after they’ve completed corn harvesting is to take soil samples and send them to the state soil testing laboratory at Purdue University. Autumn is an ideal time to take these samples, points out Eldon Hood, who has charge of the soil testing laboratory. The laboratory, which tested some 3&,000 samples last year, has been returning results to farmers pithin a week after receiving them. Hood lists these steps: Obtain instruction sheet, sample boxes and information sheet from your county extension office. Use a clean bucket and a sampling tool (spade qr auger). One sample should contain at 15 cores or subsamples from each soil type. Keep light and dark soil separate. Package samples in the pre-ad-

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Purple Penning; By: Patsy Lee Leaders County Extension Agent Home Economics ON THE DIAGONAL: A diagonal line is as good as a straight one — if it is one of fall’s diagonal fabrics stitched into a suit, coat or dress, notes Lois Folk, Purdue University clothing specialist. Creating a rib or blias effect, the diagonal weave usually runs from the lower left hand corner of the fabric to the upper right hand corner. According to Miss Folk, fabrics with prominent rib lines or twill weaves need special patterns and handling by the home seamstress. Diagonal weaves that are indistinguishable do not require special treatment, however. Patterns best suited for diagonal fabrics have set-in sleeves, slim skirts and simple, classic lines,’She says. This styling permits cutting each pattern piece to keep the diagonal lines running in the desired direction. Avoid patterns with raglan or kimono sleeves, gored or flared skirts, intricate seaming, or bias seams and bands that show on the right side. These features are difficult to cut correctly and are often unsatisfactory when finished. Patterns with these features are usually marked “not suitable for diagonal fabrics.” 1 Diagonal weaves are appearnig in many fabrics — wool, cotton, silk and synthetic fibers. WHAT SIZE CAN? Big cans, tall cans, small cans. With the available sizes, which cans get the vegetable pack? The answer is: More and more of the little cans — and the large institutional sizes says Jan Armstrong, consumer marketing specialist at Purdue University. More vegetables go into these sizes and less into the in-between-size cans that were used 20 years ago. Around the end of World War 11, the No. 2 can, which holds about two-and-a-half cups, took most of the space for canned vegetables on the grocer’s snelv-< es, observes Miss Armstrong. About three-fourths of the processed snap beans, sweet corn, lima beans and peas are packed in two-cup No. 300 and one-and-three-quarter-cup No. 303 cans compared to 10 per cent in the 1940’5. Almost two-thirds of the canned beets we buy come in 303 cans; less than half of the asparagus, spinach and tomatoes is packed in 303's and 300’s. The large restaurant or hotel size No. 10 can that contains 12 to 13 cups has gained as a container of snap beans, sweet corn, lima beans and green peas. More pumpkin and squash and tomatoes are put in this size than before World War 11. The No. 10 can has lost a little to the No. 2% size as the most size for tomatoe pulp and puree, but the bulk of the processed crop is still sold in the big cans. NEW PRODUCTS: You can look forward to seeing new superconcenteated apple juice. It is expected to appear soon, it was in some of our markets in Fort Wayne for a test market, but~ will be coming in on a full-time basis soon. This product is the pure apple juice — nothing has been added — only water removed. To reconstitute dressed cartons with required remittance and information sheets. Soil scientists continuously on fertility problems to determine the best use of fertilizer and lime. This information is used with the chemical soil test results, to tell how to fertilize and lime your soil. Hood explains. However the responsibility for getting the soil samples to the laboratory rests with the farmer. By testing his soil this fall, a farmer can plan his fertilizer and lime program for the 1964 crop year.

SJL S pffrff y Hi Neighbors! We usually find that it pays to do first things first, not second or third things first or first things last. It might be possible to build a house first and put the basement and foundation under it later, but doing the excavation first is the most satisfactory. In starting out to do conservation farming there are some steps that must be taken first if the best job is to be done. Here are the first two: 1. Find the correct use for each acre. 2. Make a plan for your farm that will put each acre to work at its best use. These two steps are necessary if you are to have real conservation on your farm. Os course, there are other things you will need to do later, but these must come.first. No matter how much protection you give your land by using conservation practices you will not be saving your soil if you use the land for something it is not capable of doing. It is like buying a fine automobile made for carrying people on the highway, and trying to plow or mow hay with it. All the oil, anti-freeze, polish in the world will not save the car under such conditions. It is equally foolish to try to grow com on land which according to the way the juice, just put the water back in — 6 cans of water for each of superconcentrate. Coming soon or just arrived — Granulated brown sugar — easy to pour, and non lumping. Dry sauce mixes — add a lemon sauce for fish, and a cooktail sauce for seafood. More keyless coffee cans — more companies entering the field, more sizes available (all the way from a half to thte 3 pound.) Plastic cases for soft drinks — made from high-impact polyethylene, guaranteed against breakage for 5 years, 3 pounds less than a wood case but 40-75 ceAts more in cost. Two models available — 4 packet shell for six packs and twenty-four cell style. QUICKIES: Choose a shift or loose hanging jumper for your little Purdue University clothing specialists recommend selecting skirts that aren’t too full to hamper easy movement. Use common baking soda to clean the interior of your refrigerator, advise Purdue University home management specialists. Eat all of the lettuce under a salad, say Purdue University food specialists. Your hostess expects you to eat the garnish. Shop for credit as you would for other consumer services, advises Purdue University home management specialists. "Die price of credit and the quality offered vary greatly. ’ Purdue University food specialists suggest having pickle juice for | mixing in salad dressing and seasoning beets and spinach./

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TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1963 »

Open Bids Nov. 26 On Bridge Widening The Indiana state highway commission expects to open bids Nov. 26 on a $1.4 million bridge widening program involving 129 bridges. Chairman David Cohen said the bids will be taken on the first phase of a $2 million widening program recently authorized by Governor Welsh as part of a $10.5 million program involving maintenance and traffic control improvements. The bid opening will include a bridge in Allen county on Ind. 101, two in Huntington on Ind. 105, three in Wells on Ind. 118, 303 and 3'; three in Blackford on Ind. 22, 26 and 3, and four in Jay on Ind. 167 and 26. nature made it, should be growing trees. Have a soils map made of your farm and use this map as a basis for planning the use of your land. of ML trim Lightweight, com- j pact design. Starts 5 fast, cuts steady. Has , 4.22:1 gear ratio. 1 Weighs only 20 lb. I Takes bars up to 32", j plus accessories. 4t/ / . START AS LOW AS 124.95 HANDY McCULLOCH MAC 35A CHAIN SAW HIGHEST TRADE-INS MW LOWEST TERMS ibaa&ll KLENKS 2 MILES NORTH OF DECATUR

Enter the BACK 40 CORN CONTEST NOW! CORN CONTEST RULES & PRIZES The owner of the Largest Ear of Corn brought back to the Back 40 Room of the Fairway Restaurant will receive . . . -FIRST PRIZE- • 10 FREE DELICIOUS CHICKEN DINNERS -SECOND PRIZE- • 6 FREE DELICIOUS CHICKEN DINNERS -THIRD PRIZE- • 4 FREE DELICIOUS CHICKEN DINNERS -30 PRIZES—- • 2 FREE DELICIOUS CHICKEN DINNERS EACH CONTEST ENDS WEDNESDAY OCT. 30 For more details . . . Call or Stop in at the FAIRWAY Restaurant in Decatur Phone 3-3355