Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 61, Number 243, Decatur, Adams County, 15 October 1963 — Page 6

PAGE SIX

County Agent’s Corner

By Leo N. Seltenright County Extension Agent Agriculture ’64 INDIANA FARM INCOME TO EQUAL LAST YEAR’S: Net farm income of Hoosier farmers for the next 12 months probably will about equal that of this year with a possibility it may run a little higher, Purdue University agricultural economists . forecast. This is in line with U.S. farm income prospects. Returns from corn, hogs or dairy are not expected to change much, the economists said. However, wheat and beef cow herds may show less profit. A further rise in soybean prices is expected and returns from cattle feeding may improve. On the general business front, the economists foresee a “continued moderate advance for the nonfarm economy." Even so. the rate of growth will not provide full employment, and prices, particularly for services, will edge upward. Indiana farmers win cor.t;r/_e to have difficulty finding “good hired farm labor” and purchased production items wil] “reflect the upward pressure of higher manufacturing costs.” Pointing out that Indiana farmers have harvested good crops and enjoyed three years of moderately stable prices, the economists added that “the prospects are for another good year irt 1964." Here follow the economists’ analyses of the Indiana outlook: CORN Harvest time price of corn will average somewhat higher than in recent years —a summer time average in the sl.lO-20 range is expected. This means a modest profit from a storing corn in the year ahead. SOYBEANS Soybean prices are expected to average $2.65-70 a bushel in the crop marketing year ahead. Protein supplement will be 10 to 20 per cent higher too. HOGS Prices will average about the 'same as in the last year. A weakness is expected early next spring and some strengthening into the

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Adams County Farmers’ Corner

summer: I this is similar to the 1963 price pattern. I Liquidation of breeding herds is possible, but not expected. BEEF COW HERDS As cattle numbers- continue to increase, beef cow herds appear less profitable. Further increases in the 1 calf crop will put additional downward pressure on feeder cattle prices. Even so. efficiently operated, cow herds will make moderate returns. CATTLE FEEDING Cattle feeders can expect some slight improvement in profits on cattle purchased this fall and cold from January to September. 1964. Fat cattle prices will average about the same as in the past year. Feed costs will be up slightlv. Cattle carrying excessive weight for their grade will face discounts. DAIRY Little change is expected in either milk prices or dairying profits. Barring new legislation, the support level will continue at about the same level as in the year past. LAYING FLOCKS Egg prices will average one to two cents per dozen lower in the 1963-64 laying year, compared to the year just past. This level of process will yield moderate returns to large commercial operations. but will not be very encouraging for small farm flock owners. BROILERS If recent self-imposed production restraints are maintained, broilers will move at prices only slightly below last year’s levels. Broiler production will continue to move out of Indiana. TURKEYS This year’s crop js expected to move at nrices slightly above last year’s. Growers are expected to increase their output in 1964. Even so, prices are expected to be at levels at which producers will find it profitable to proceed with their normal production next year. FARM REAL ESTATE Indiana land values will continue to rise —two to four per cent — in the year ahead. Pressures from modest inflation, farm

enlargement and expanding urban uses will be factors in this rise. Addition of land to maintain an e.ficient farm business continues to be a sound investment. APPLES Commercial growers will receive slightly higher prices ?han the $2.05 average per bushel price for their 1962 crop. However, Indiana production is down 41 per cent as a result of the severest winter in 60 years. SHEEP AND LAMBS Moderate price strength can be expected in the coming year as a result of reduced numbers of sheep and lambs. PRODUCTION ITEM PRICES The index of prices of production items (taxes excluded), interest and wages are expected to increase one to two per cent. Modest increases are expected in farm wage rates, interest rates and prices of farm equipment. No significant change appears likely for prices of farm supplies, building and fence materials, fertilizer and motor supplies. FARM EXPORTS Increased U. S. agricultural exports in the year ahead are in prospect. This is because of large dollar holdings and rising standard of living in European countries and Japan: crop failures in the Soviet Union; a short European wheat crop and growing demand for soybeans in Japan and Europe. Offsetting these factors somewhat are import restrictions by European common market countries. WHEAT Prices are likely to continue near the $1.82 loan rate. For the 1964 crop, • if no new legislation is passed, expect Indiana farm prices in the $1.30-50 range. CORN HARVESTING TIME: Harvest beginning when the corn moisture content is just under 30 per cent represents the best time from the standpoint of both profit and safety, points out Ray Lien, Purdue University agricultural engineer. At this time corn usually is standing well; this reduces ac-cident-inducing clogging of the harvester. Too, field losses of ear corn increase sharply from the time corn reaches 22 per cent moisture. Thus, early harvesting is desirable regardless of the type machine used. Lien says that harvest systems varv widely in field losses. For instance, picker huskers average 15 per cent corn left in the field picker shelters eight per cent and con combines five per cent. Keeping the harvest machine in good operating condition means taking the maximum amount of corn from the field, Lien emphasized. As snapping rolls wear they should be replaced or their agressiveness rebuilt by welding. These snapping rolls should be adjusted close enough together to provide a smooth flow of material through the machine with a minimum of stalk breakage. Ground speed relation to snapping roll speed must be controlled by the operator so he feeds the material through the machine without throwing ears to the ground or causing them to remain' on the rolls so long they are shelled. RODENT PROOF CORN CRIBS: Rodent control is an important job in proper corn storage, says animal control specialist William F. Guse.v of the U. S. fish and wildlife service at Purdue University. Looking ahead to cold, winter weather, rats and mice are beginning to move from the fields to the comparative warmth of farm buildings. In the long run, it’s far cheaper for farmers to rodent proof feed storage facilities now than spend the rest of the winter combating rodent infestations with bait and traps. Rats are jumpers and burrowers and although their teeth are sharp, they can’t gnaw through heavy gauge metal or good concrete. Raise the crib floor, at Ifeast 2 feet off the group, and keep it clean underneath. Replace any poor wooden floors or repair them _ with sheet. If the crib floors' aren't elevated, protect the sides with a band of 1/4 inch hardware cloth 2 feet high. Cap the hardware

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THE DECATUB DAILY DEMOCRAT, DECATUR, INDIANA

cloth and an 8-in<% band of sheet metal to prevent rodents from climbing over the cloth. Cover door frames and edge doors fith metal sheathing to the same height as the rodent proofing on the sides. Keep the doors shut. , Don’t place lumber, machinery or other materials against the crib sides. These will completely undo a good rodent proofing job by providing easy access to the crib for rats. Clear away rat cover by eliminating brush piles, old lumber and junk. If rat and mouse baits are used maintain a constant supply of a fresh, good grade of anticoagulant bait in bait stations. CEREAL LEAF BEETLE: Although cereal leaf beetle populations built up rapidly in northern Indiana this year, a Purdue University research entomologist believes this new pest will not cause serious crop loss outside that area in 1964. M. Curtis Wilson, who is in charge of cereal leaf beetle field research, says that damage probably will be more severe north of U. S. Highway 30, which cuts diagonally across the state from the Calumet region through Fort Wayne. As a result of research, Purdue's entomology department expects ’to issue this winter spray control recommendations for use by farmers in the spring of 1964. The entomologists are searching for plants which will resist attacks by the beetle. They are also studving biological control possjblities of narsites, predators and diseases. Parallel research in Europe, where the beetle originated, is expected to be helpful. Studies in the entomology department’s new environmental climate control champer are planned, duplicating climate of southern Indiana to see how the beetle would behave if it ever spreads to that area. Wilson reports that 10 times as many adult beetles were found' this fall in St. Joseph and LaPnrte counties where the initial infestations were discovered a year ago. However, crop damage was not Widespread last summer, although three oats fields in St. Joseph county were damaged sufficiently that farmers plowed them under. Corn emergence is late enough that larvae of the beetle do not injure it. Wilson explains. However, there is some feeding on corn bv adult beetles. Ceral leaf beetles emerge early in the spring, feed on quack grass, orchard grass and foxtail, then move to winter wheat and spring oats. Thev prefer spring seeded small grains. Therefore, in Indiana more damage is done to oats than to wheat or barley. The beetles are active six to eight weeks and are difficult to control at th'is time. Adult beetles are active fliers. They were captured at a height of 1,000 feet in the air last summer. Wilson says this raises the possibility that the pest will move eastward with the aid of prevailing winds. The state conservation commission recently added all or parts of 16 counties to the area under quarantine for the cereal leaf beetle. All or parts of 25 northern Indiana counties have been under quarantine. The quarantine prevents movement of articles, including grain, seed, hay, sod and certain other farm products and equipment from the area without a certificate by an inspector. tree planting PROCEDURES: Trees often represent a sizeable investment for home owners. So, to protect your investment and make it grow, take a little extra timg and plant properly. You should first select, the best tree variety and best location. Then follow correct transplanting procedures, advise Purdue University extension horticulturists. They recommend these steps: Dig a hole large enough to add a-.good top soil and peat moss. Make sure the hole Is. . twice as wide and six inches deeper than the spread- of -the roots ~or~~the size of the ball. Pkine broken roots and set your tree two or three inches deeper than it grew in the nursery.

pcreA J? X Hi Neighbors! Soil erosion makes many difficulties for the urban and suburban dweller. The small size of your tract magnifies the seriousness of any loss of soil. You are rightly concerned over the appearance of a single gully or the caving of a bank. . ,-.i „ 2_4 Soil erosion occurs” wherever water—either rainfall or run-off-hits bare earth. A new house ordinarily has much bare ground around it. The first occupant has the job of establishing a lawn and covering the scars of construction. Even years later there may be some critical area —a shady spot, steep bank, or drainageway—where grass refuses to grow and each heavy rain cuts away the soil. Areas actually covered by buildings or paving, of course, are generally safe from erosion. But tne abnormal runoff from these impervious surfaces concentrates the erosion hazard on the soil areas between. The cardinal principle of preventing erosion is to have the grounds as completely covered as possible with growing vegetation (grass shrubs, etc.) or with some substitute cover like mulch, burlap, flagstone or gravel. Areas that must carry concentrated runoff need to be permanently paved or protected by special turfs, riprap, or other means. If drainage is poor, run a tile line from the bottom of the hole to a lower area of a dry well. Use three parts of top soil and one part peat moss with most soils, but reduce the peat moss by half in clay soils. Add two teaspoons of 10-8-6 fertilizer per bushel of soil for all plantings. Be sure you work the top soil carefully around and under the roots and settle the soil by flooding with water. This reduces air pockets. Don’t pack the soil with your feet; you might break the roots. Finally, fill in with soil loosely to ground level, leaving a saucershaped depression for future watering. After planting is finished give the tree additional water.

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Withholding Tax Returns Are Mailed Quarterly withholding tax returns have Been mailed to over 100,000 employes by the Indiana department of revenue. Before July 1, 1963, only empoyers of four or more were required to withhold Indiana taxes, but the adjusted gross income tax law which became effective July 1 requires all employers of one or more employes to withhold Indiana income taxes and remit quarterly to the Indiana department of revenue. Revenue commissioner James C. Courtney points out that the departments’ mailing list may not include all employers required to withhold, and suggests that those who did not receive this reporting form write the Indiana department of revenue, Indianapolis, 46204 and request the form. The employer should include his employes federal identification number. Withholding requirements under the Indiana law are the same as federal requirements. All persons subject to the withholding of federal income taxes are subject to withholding under the Indiana income tax law. Likewise all persons not subject to withholding under the federal income tax law are not required to withhold under the Indiana income tax law. Slight Increase In Jobless Pay Claims The Fort Wayne office of the Indiana employment security division reported today that there were 44 claims for unemployment compensation during the week ending October 12. Seventeen of these were new claims and 27 were continued claims. Last week there were 39 claims — seven new and 32 continued. One year ago there were 52 claims. Thirty of those were new claims and 22 were continued claims. Two years ago there were 140 claims — 11 new. 79 continued, five new for extended coverage, and 45 continued so rextended coverage. Broken Pipe Stem When Dad’s favorite push-pull pipe comes up with a broken stem, it mor often than not breaks off flush with the wooden shank, making its removal difficult. You can save your precious pipe, when this happens, by removing the broken stub with a screw eye, then fitting in a replacement stem. Aluminum Dim-Out Don't worry if the bottoms of your aluminum pans aren't too shiny. A dull surface absorbs more heat than a shiny one, and thus cuts down on fuel bills.

Purple Pennings By Patsy Lee Leaders County Extension Agent Home Economics The Home Demonstration past presidents enjoyed a dinner meeting October 10 at the Parkway restaurant in Berne. Featured speaker was Mrs, Paul Macklin, who gave a book review on “Good Morning Miss Dove.” Those attending were: Mrs. James Anderson, Mrs. Homer Arnold, Jr., Mrs. Roger Augsburger, Mrs. Roger Bentz, Mrs. Dee Byerly, Mrs. Milton Chronister, Mrs. Harry Crownover, Mrs. Raymond VanEmon, Mrs. Clifford Essex, Mrs. Lorene Fentstermaker, Mrs. Mary Fenstermaker, Mrs. Dale Fruuechte, Mrs. John Floyd, Mrs. Fern Fry, Mrs. Leona Graber, Mrs. Noah Habegger, Mrs. Bert Haley, Mrs. Chester Isch, Mrs. Don Jeffrey, Mrs. Clyde Jones, Mrs. Nellie Jackson, Mrs. Leo King, Sr., Mrs. Wm. Kohls, Mrs. Willard Lehman, Mrs. Grover Levy, Mrs. Roger Longenberger, Mrs. Marcus Luginbill, Mrs. Richard Mialand, Mrs. James Merriman, Mrs. Elmer Moser, Mrs. Doris McDermott, Mrs. Martin Neuenschwander, Mrs. Wm. Neadstine, Mrs. Leland Ray, Mrs. Ralph Roop, Mrs. Wilbur Stanley, Mrs. lona Schifferly, Miss Icel Shanks, Mrs. Florence Suesdorf, Mrs. Gilbert Stuckey, Mrs. M. L. Sprunger, Mrs. Erwin Stucky, Mrs. Donna Vorhees, Mrs. Ervin Worthman, Mrs. Earl Yoder, Mrs. Harold Zeigler, Mrs. Merle Kuhn, Mrs. Clifford Roe, Mrs. Lester Sipe, Mrs. Ethel Mann, Mrs. Mary Custer, Mrs. Eva Brewster, Mrs. Paul Macklin. This week the Home Demonstration county officers will meet at 1:30 p.m. Friday in the extension

EVERY YEAR aOI MORE JWM&S farmers get ' * - ■ MM 'Wi.’v Js UNO BANK LOANS LONG TERMS - LOW RATE NO PAYOFF RESTRICTIONS LOCAL PROMPT SERVICE See THOMAS E. WILLIAMS, Mgr. FEDERAL LAND BANK ASSN. 216 S. Second St. DECATUR Phone 3-3784

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15., 1963

office to select the 1964 committees. The community service committee has been busy making posters for their publicity about J. 0. Dunbar’s talk on “Meeting the Communist Challenge.” We have found that Mrs. Walter Buettner is quite an artist. The rest of her committee have also been qujte busy. They are: Mrs. Marcus Luginbill, Mrs. Watson, Mrs. Kelsey and Mrs. Walter Hildebrand. You will hear about this at a later date, but do circle November 18 on your calendar. TWIN PINES: I now have applications for Twin Pines which is the cooperative living house at Purdue. Some of you may remember that last year we were fortunate in having Miss Cynthia Collier accejJted. To be eligible, a girl must be admitted to Purdue University and plan to major in home economics. Twin Pines is sponsored by the Home Demonstration association and represents approximately a savings of $350 to the college girl over the fees charged for living in the residence halls. If any high school senioj girl 'is planning to attend Purdue in the fall of 1964, she may want to investigate living in Twin Pines. I have the application forms and additional information in the county extension office. CELEBRATIONS: * October is a busy month. Note the following dates. October 1-21 is fish ’n seafood parade; the whole month is “county ham month’’; cheese festival; biscuit and muffin month and shrimp fiesta. October 17-27 is national macaroni week; October 24-31 is national popcorn week; October 28 - November 1 is national honey week; October 28-November 2 is national pretzel week.