Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 61, Number 202, Decatur, Adams County, 27 August 1963 — Page 8

PAGE EIGHT

Mexican - American Movement Growing

EDITOR’S NOTE — The Political Association of SpanishSpeaking Organisations (PASO) claims chapters in 50 Texas counties and more new members every week. PASO expects to take a strong hand in state and national politics next year on the side of President Kennedy’s New Frontier. By PRESTON MCGRAW United Press International CRYSTAL CITY, Tex. (UPD— Negroes call a colored advocate of the racial status quo an “Uncle Tom” and Political Association of Spanish-Speaking Organization’s (PASO) leaders say “Tio Tomas.” It means the same thing. Albert Fuentes Jr., Texas secretary of PASO, said he has never heard of a “Tio Tomas’’ who voted for a non-Span-ish (Anglo) candidate in Crystal City unless he feared losing his job or economic retaliation if he owned a business. But there evidently were a few Anglo “Tio Tomases” and more Latin “Tio Tomases” when an all Latin ticket swept the Anglo-dom-inated city council out of office in Crystal City last April. Former Mayor Bruce Holsomback, 65, noted that a total of 1,754! votes was cast and the biggest difference between any candidates was 110 votes. This despite the fact that only 14.5 per cent of the population is Anglo. Fuentes said that at least 45 Anglos Voted for Latin candidates for the city council. He said PASO knew where every Latin absentee ballot was and that the Latin candidates got 45 absentee votes that were not Latin. Caught By Surprise Holsomback, who was mayor 33 years, said he was caught by surprise. The old city council was composed of three Anglos, one Latin and a half Latin-half Anglo. Holsomback said it was a well

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financed campaign, people were flown in and out to make speeches. He thinks the whole show was run from the outside and that the PASO movement is not going to get very far. The Teamsters Union of Jimmy Hoffa plays a role in PASO. “I think that the fact that the teamsters are connected with it will give it a black eye,” Holsomback said. “The town is not being run by the council. It is being run by two organizations- — the Teamsters and PASO.” Holsomback, a banker, said the new mayor has little or no financial experience or knowledge. Crystal City used to have a top credit rating. But it tried to sell $50,000 worth of bonds to carry on an urban renewal program after the new council took office and nobody would have them. PASO’s officials and Mayor Juan Cornejo denied that the Teamsters Union and its San Antonio business agent, Ray Shafer, take any hand in PASO’s affairs unless asked. Hired City Manager Cornejo admitted a lack of experience. But he said he hired George Osuma, 32, from San Antonio’s Public Works Department to serve as city manager and to make up for his lack of experience. Osuma is a civil engineering graduate of the University of Texas. Fuentes said PASO State Chairman Albert Pena Jr. complained that while Latins are discriminated against in Austin, the state capital, they do no better in Washingon. Political discrimination led to the formation of PASO. Pena, in 1960, was the only Latin in the Texas delegation to the Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles. He attended a meeting of the Platform Committee. “Every group was represented —racial, religious, labor; you name it and it was there — except for the Latins,” Pena said. Organized Clubs Pena complained in a speech before the committee. As a result he was later asked to organize the Viva Kennedy clubs in Texas. He agreed on condition that the clubs get recognition and that he bypass Texas Democratic leaders and report directly to the Kennedy camp. According to Pena, the Viva Kennedy clubs turned out the Latin American vote in South Texas. For example, 90 per cent in Nueces County (Corpus Christi) and 89 per cent in Bexar County (San Antonio). Kennedy won Texas by a 46,233vote margin and Pena thinks the Viva Kennedy movement may well have been the difference. Kennedy sent him a telegram of warm thanks. In 1961, Viva Kennedy elements helped form Mexican-American Political Action (MAPA) with Latins from other Southwestern states and California. The Texas group subsequently changed its name to PASO. Pena thinks the Kennedy telegram was the recognition he demanded. Kennedy subsequently appointed Reynaldo Garza as a U.S. district judge in Texas. Kennedy also appointed Raymond Telles of El Paso as ambassador to Costa Rica and Homer Lopez as assistant U.S. attorney in the South Texas district. Asked For Help Pena said Moises Falcon of Crystal City came to him in October, 1962, and asked for PASO’s help in the Crystal City election. It was primarily a job of educating the Latins politically, tell-

ing them their rights and getting them out to vote, Pena said. PASO’s leaders believe that a political situation similar tp the former one in Crystal City exists along the entire southern border of Texas and that if Latins can be made to vote, they can elect their candidates. Low wages along the border, so called commuter labor and Mexican contract labor — the Bracero Program — are prime PASO targets. Pena and Fuentes charge that Latins work long hours at wages as low as 30 cents an hour. Osuma said that when he took over as city manager. in Crystal City, many city employes made S3O a week. He raised the minimum to S4O. Latin University graduates cannot get jobs in Texas, Pena and Fuentes charged. On the other end of the scale, many thousands oi Latins are illiterate and with the increased mechanization of agriculture, there are fewer and fewer, jobs for them. To fight ‘PASO, both Anglos and Latins in Zavala County (Crystal City) have organized a political group called “Citizens Association Serving All Americans.” Fuentes noted that "Mexicano” officials of the new organization are in assistant positions. “They still don’t have any ideas of treating Mexicans as equals,” Fuentes said. “They are still using them.”

Three Children Die In Traffic Crash By United Press International The deaths of three small children of one family, including, infant twins, and of a teen-ager today pushed Indiana’s 1963 traffic toll to at least 811, compared with 736 a year ago. Five-year-old Della Brummett, Monrovia, died in Riley Hospital at IndCanapolis early today, ths third child of Mrs. Omiego Brummett to die in a wreck when she backed the family car from their home. Eight-week-old Dennese Lou and Danny Lee, the twins, were dead on arrival at Morgan County Hospital at Authorities said a car driven by Mrs. Brummett was struck by another as she backed out of the driveway. Three other persons were killed Monday and Timothy A. Taylor, 17, Chrisney, was killed early today when a speeding car went out of control and crashed along Indiand 70 in Spencer County, Ellsworth Peabody, 43, Lafayette, was killed when, his farm tractor collided with a big truck on- U.S.' 52 near • Lafayette. His son, Donald, 10, was hospitalized. Joan Bailey, 18, Selma, died in an Indianapol'is hospital after her car was struck by a New York Central Railroad passenger train in her hometown. Mrs. Martha Duesner, 67. Evansville, died in a hospital of injuries suffered an hour earlier when she and her sister were struck by a car on a downtown citv street. Both were pinned against a bus. Her sister, Mrs. Mamie Menke, 68, was not hurt seriously. Boy Seriously Hurt By Gunpowder Blast LOGANSPORT, Ind. (UPD-Mi-chael Cox, 13, son of a Logansport gunsmith, was injured seriously Monday when he accidentally dropped a match into a fruit jar filled with gunpower. Doctors at Memorial Hospital spent nearly two hours picking pieces of jagged glass from the boy’s body. Steven Lohning, 15, and his brother, Gregory, 14, Logansport, were wi*h Cox when the jar exploded but suffered only minor cuts on their arms. They called police.

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THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT, DECATUR, INDIANA

U.S. Most Numbered Country On Earth

(EDITOR’S NOTE — Americans live their lives “by the numbers,” but sometimes the numbers spewed out by modern computers go astray tr go too far. The following dispatch, the second of three, reports on how some Americans have revolted against the numbers game.) . By BARNEY SEIBERT United Press International On the Pacific Coast 1962 was the year of the great telephone revolt. In May of last year Pacific Telephone & Telegraph Co. announced it was converting all its San Francisco exchanges to alldigit dialing. American Telephone and Telegraph Co. said it was running out of numbers, what with 3.8 million new phones going in every year in the nation. With the named exchanges there were only 540 exchange combinations possible on telephone dials. With numbers, the phone company said, 576 combinations were possible. The formation of the Anti-Digit Dialing League (ADDL) was sponsored by a group of such serious thinkers as semanticist Dr. S. I. Hayakawa, whose talents do not run to remembering seven digits. They decided “there ought to be a law.” Psychologist Jack Block of the University of California at Berkeley cited the Wechsler adult intelligence test, which says that only the most efficient minds can remember numbers of more than six digits. “Gone Too Far” Carl Mays, executive secretary of the Great Issues Foundation, said, “this passive acceptance of creeping mechanism has gone far enough." Hayakawa charged that “the telephone company is saving itself trouble by giving it to us. “We need a little peotry” in our lives and the end of the named exchanges will take it away, the semanticist said. Five hundred miles to the south comedian Allan Sherman in Los Angeles gave the ADDL moral support by writing a song called “Let’s All Call Up AT&T and Protest to the President, March.” The ADDL carried its fight to the California Public Utilities Commission, where it still is continuing. To back its stand, ADDL witnesses testified that the phdhe companies could have multiplied the possible number combinations nearly ten-fold without reverting to all-digit dialing. A psychologist testified that children would be more apt to forget the all-digit emergency phone numbers under stress. Says Switchover Painless AT&T officials in New York countered that the switch to alldigit numbers came with very little difficulty'there .and most of the opposition arose before the system was actually installed. AT&T said research indicated all digit dialing “would present no serious memory problem—subsequent field trials confirmed this.” But the transition wasn't quite that painless for some. For example, there was the fellow who telephoned United Press International in Chicago and asked, “UPI? Where? Good gosh, I was calling my insurance company in Pittsburgh.” Such things, the scientists point out, are human—not machine—error. O' Irma Wyman, engineering consultant for the Minneapolis-

I.U. Students Urge Censorship Lifted BLOOMINGTON, Ind (UPD — Students attending the 16th annual National Student Conference at Indiana University Monday urged the lifting of a censorship regulation affecting the presentation of off-campus speakers. The NSA also passed a resolution condemning State Department travel bans to Cuba, China and certain other countries. Another resolution protested the “brutal suppression of the Vietnamese students and religious leaders by the Diem government,” and the arrest and beating of integrationists at Americus, Oa. The students, members of the U.S. National Student Association, defended the open forum of the grounds that a speaker has a right to his political beliefs or associations. The students urged that institutions of higher learning make full use of their public information officers in educating the community in the value of the open forum. They said faculties and student governments should assist their institutions in this effore. ) The students were discussing /the current status of academic freedom. They have been at IU since last week and the meeting will continue through Thursday. IU withdrew from the association a year ago but the invitation to hold the meeting on the IU campus had already been extended.

Honeywell Regulator Co., said the chance of even the most fallible electronic computer making an error is “one in one million-million-million.” But errors do happen and when they occur they may be gigantic. There was the lucky soul in Texas who found that a computer had deposited a whopping sum of money in his checking account and he promptly withdrew it. Late Birthday Card There was the fellow in Chicago who mailed a birthday card to a suburb, using the new Zip code. It was delivered more than a week later after stopovers (according to postmarks) in two other cities. Warden Ross Randolph of Illinois’ Menard State Penitentiary said that introduction of the post office Zip code has slowed delivery of newspapers to prisoners by three or four days. “We can’t stand much more of that efficiency,” he said. The University of Utah, linked along with six other schools to a computer in Los Angeles by means of a telephone line, sent the same mathematical problem with slight variations 17 times. Seventeen times the university got an answer. On the 18th time, the computer, apparently tired of the whole thing, refused to accept the problem. Then there was the magazine publisher who bought an automated machine to handle his subscription list. Something went wrong with the machine and a single new subscriber got a truck load of copies of a single issue. Most bank errors resulting in the automated accounting systems come when a deposit is entered before the computer has been advised that a new account has been opened In this situation the computer will "either credit the deposit to ar account that isn’t there or forget about it entirely,” Miss Wyman of Minneapolis - Honeywell said. Tomorrow Is man losing, his identity to numbers?

Tax Program Put On Shelf For Two Weeks WASHINGTON (UPI) — President Kennedy’s tax program, cut by an additional $l3O million, was put on the shelf today until the second week in Heptember. In a surprise setback for the administration Monday, the House Ways & Means Committee voted unanimously to junk a complex section of the big tax measure imposing additional taxes on heirs of big estates. The action sliced an estimated $l3O million in revenue from the bill and cut still further the revenue — rasing “reforms” sought by the President to balance liberal rate reduction for individual taxpayers and businesses. Chairman Wilbur D. Mills, DArk., at the same time announced that no further meetings on the bill would be held until Sept. 10. This put off final committee action on the priority tax issue until a week’after the Labor Day holiday. House floor debate is expected a week after that, on Sept. 18 and 19. By scuttling the estate provision, tentatively approved earlier, the tax-writing group hiked the total tax relief it has approved so far to a whopping sll.l billion — SSOO million more than Kennedy originlly asked for. Treasury officials sitting.in on the closed-door session were disappointed in the move, but it was considered a mild reversal for the administration, not a fatal blow. The bill, as it stands, sill carries net revenue ' increases brought about through revision in the federal tax code of about SSBO million. Burglary Suspect Is Slain At Fort Wayne FORT WAYNE, Ind. (UPI) - One of two burglary suspects was shot to death by police early today. • Authorities said Joseph Lloyd Brown, 26, Fort Wayne, was shot with a riot gun when he failed to respond to an order to fialt. Brown and an unidentified companion, who got away, were fleeing form the secene of a burglary at a small restaurant when police-; man Sam Revett caught up with* Brown. Revett said he fired one warning shot. He said when Brown: failed to stop, he fired another! blast and hit him in the back. I Brown was dead on arrival at, St. Joseph Hospital.

SPENCE PROMOTED (Continued from Page 1) undertaken. Most important, two watershed projects which affect Adams county are under consideration now: the Flat Rock creek project-,-which effects four counties in two states, including Union township of Adams county, and the Elks creek project, which affects a small area of Preble township. Humous Pete The local soil and water district has become noted for its exhibits at the 4-H and other fairs, especially for the humorous character, Humous Pete, who personifies the need for goocl soil structure in the fields. The minister’s tour of the county, field days, minimum tillage days, drive-it-yourself tour of district projects, have all been .held under Spence. Adams county also became one of the first districts in the state to hire a part-time secretary to speed handling of the requests for engineering assistance in soil and water projects. A pilot project, where federal funds were used, started here, and was continued by the county commissioners and county council. The Spence children will be entered in the Evansville school system this fall. Miss Rita Spence, a senior, has been active in the Decatur high school band and choir, and has played the organ for both Bethany EUB and the First Methodist church. Don, a freshman, has been active in the band. Their third child, Steve, will be a third grader. Mrs. Spence has been active in church groups, in the Research club, and the Band Parents association. ORDER EMBARGO (Continued from Page 1) deadline. . It was uncertain when Congress would complete action because of a series of alternative proposals pending in the Senate and what Sen. Norris Cotton, R-N. H., termed the “hot air.’’ Both the Senate and House bills

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would establish a seven-man arbitration board to settle the four-year-old work rules dispute. But the House bill would limit arbitration to the two key issues — firemen’s jobs and makeup of train crews. The Senate measure also would bring secondary issues to arbitration if continued collective bargaining did not resolve them. Offers Amendment Sen. Gale McGee, D-Wyo., offered an amendment to remove these less controversial questions from arbitration and make the Senate bill conform with the House bill. McGee and Magnuson said that once the main issues were settled, the railroads and unions would have no trouble adjusting the secondary questions. Sen. Wayne Morris. D-Ore., offered two substitue bills. One was a modified version of President Kennedy’s plan to let the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) arbitrate the dispute. It would create an advisory board

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TUESDAY, AUGUST 27, 1963

to guide the ICC. The other Morse proposal would set up a seven-man board to pass on the two basic issues within 90 days and let the other questions be settled at the bargaining table. If the railroads rejected the board recommendations and the unions went on strike, the President could seize railroads needed to maintain “essential services.” Provides For Seizure Sen. Jacob K. Javits, R-N. Y.» came up with another proposal, providing for government seizure oi the railroads in event of a walkout. In a Senate speech Monday night, Morse accused the rail unions of “bungling” their handling of the dispute. He said he had told union leaders they “parked their brains outside the White House” when they rejected Kennedy’s proposal to have Supreme Court Justice Arthur J. Golberg, former labor secretary, arbitrate the dispute.

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