Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 61, Number 42, Decatur, Adams County, 19 February 1963 — Page 8

PAGE EIGHT

Tells Os Rise And Fall Os The Movies

Editor’s Note* UPI Hollywood correspondent Vernon Scott, in the second of three dispatches on the dilemma of the movies, recalls Hollywood's treat days as a world production center of screen entertainment. By VERNON SCOTT UPI Hollywood Correspondent HOLLYWOOD (UPI) — Hollywood is a state of mind. It was born Dec. 29, 1913, when movie pioneers Cecil B. DeMille, Sam Goldwyn and Jesse Lasky rented a barn to make “The Squaw Man.” The rent was $25 a month. Hollywood whs composed of a few farm house, bean fields, dusty streets and orange groves. But “The Squaw Man,” produced for $15,450.15, made $225,000 and gave birth to a robust new community of movie-making. DeMille, then Louis B. Mayer, Harry Cohn and Carl Laemmle built little studios on borrowed money and made four and five I reel silents starring unknowns and the few Broadway luminaries they | were able to lure west with prom-, ises of huge salaries. Strictly Business Few of these early giants made any pretense at being artists. They ( were businessmen seeking profits. But they hired the right men. Competition was fierce as the flickering black and white images j on the screen captured public fan-1 cy. Theaters sprang up to hold i thousands of patrons who came to 1 idolize Fatty Arbuckle, Charlie Chaplin, Marie Dressier, Mary Pickford and a host of other early stars. By 1918 the silents already posed a threat to vaudeville and Broadway. Glamorous figures on the screen, most of them from | poor backgrounds, began to live it up on a scale never seen before in this country. Imported limousines, leopards on leashes, mansions with swimming pools and wild parties fired the imaginations of millions. The effect was heightened by scandals and mysterious deaths. Arbuckle was ruined by scandal. The deaths of William Desmond Taylor and Thelma Todd outdistanced scenarios for excitement. Wallace Reid was the sensational central figure in a morphine case. Paternity suits were commonplace; so were lurid tales of adultery and divorce. Pictures Pour Out But with it all Hollywood was turning out thousands of motion pictures, making millionaires ot men like Mack Sennett and the

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Warner Brothers. Their films, set styles for fashions, hairdos, manners and morals. Some of the pictures were milestones of entertainment. D. W. Griffith had made cinematography an art with "The Great Train Robbery.” The first “Ten Commandments” (1923) still is being ■ i shown. The silents, however, attained their millennium with comi edy as the Keystone Kops and Bus- , ter Keaton regaled the world with ’ their antics. ; Wealth drew talent to the buri geoning community and with the advent of talkies Hollywood blosi somed into greatness. The names of Emil Jarinings, George Arliss, Norma Shearer, John Barrymore and Warner Baxter left indelible ' marks. And as millions of dollars poured into the studios—MGM, Paramount, Fox, Universal and Warners—the power of the resident moguls grew beyond belief. Each studio had a stable of [ stars who appeared in as many as half-a-dozen pictures a year. I Their salaries were high; taxes ■ low. The stars could afford to be colorful. Good or indifferent, their movies made lots of money. Casi cades of money. Display Poor Taste I Gradually films, just as they have today, gravitated to questionI able taste. Orgies, nudity and I adultery became the rage, only to 1 subside when Will Hayes became 1 chief censor and troubleshooter for the growing industry. Each studio, though, was a private domain with its own police force, fire department, restaurants and cottages. Elaborate permanent sets included castles, fishing vil- : lages, modern streets and western towns. Entrance was granted to the few by special fiat. The Academy Awards were instituted in 1928 to shed more lus- . tre on the most glamorous city in ■ the world. And still the cornucoI pia disgorged a torrent of pictures: “Wings,” “All Quiet on the Western Front,” “Cimarron,” “Grand Hotel” and “Cavalcade.” A new crop of folk heroes was born in Bill Hart, Tom Mix, Ken Maynard and other cowboy stars whose pictures became as formalized and stereotyped as the Japanese Kabuki theater. And still the patrons came. When thousands of men and women sold apples and millions more were unemployed the flickers provided escape...and hope. Enters Golden Era With the advent of the 40’s Hollywood at last matured as it entered what is now called its golden era. And still another breed .of star emerged—Clark Gable, Humphrey Bogart, Lana Turner, Gary Cooper, Jimmy Stewart, Katherine Hepburn and Spencer Tracy. The solemnity of World War II and higher taxes took their toll of the old free-wheeling days of big spending, and screen fare became more introspective: “Rebecca,” “How Green Was My Valley,” “Mrs. Miniver” and “Casablanca.” Then came another kind of star I —the businessman - producer-

County Agent’s Corner

CONTROL INSECTS AND WEEDS: Dr. George Gould and Jim Williams, extension specialists, will outline control methods for insects and weeds where needed, Tuesday afternoon at the Community Center. They will have the latest information. SOYBEAN WEED CONTROL: Commercial companies are also holding meetings on chemical weed control. American Chemical has their meeting at the Community Center, Tuesday evening, Feb. 19. They will discuss Amiben for we 2d control in soybeans. POWER DAY: The county highway garage will be the scene of Adams county power day Thursday, Feb. 21. Starting time is 10 a. m. Each equipment dealer will be on the program. The program is sponsored by the petroleum division of Farm Bureau Co-op. You will enjoy the program and I’m sure it will be informative. SWINE TOUR: The swine tour date is Wednesday, Feb. 27, starting at 9 a. m. The first stop is at the Doyle Lehman farm at the east edge of Berne, then to Wells county. John Foley and Jim Foster will be on the tour. PHYTOPETHORA ROT RESISTANT SOYBEANS: Four new soybean varieties resistant to phytophthora rot — the most destructive soybean disease in Indiana —have been developed by scientists of the U. S. department of agriculture and 12 north central state agricultural experiment stations, including Purdue University. Foundation seed of the resistant varieties has been distributed by foundation seed organizations for production of commercial seed supplies which will be available to Indiana soybean raisers in 1964, The new varities—named Harosoy 63, Hawkeye 63, Clark 63 and Lindarin 63—were developed to replace the commercial varieties Hawkeye, Clark, Harosoy and Lindarin. Regional trials by the USDA’S agricultural research service and the cooperating experiment stations showed that each new variety has the same performance characteristics as its counterpart old variety, but is rot resistant besides. The variety Clark 63 also has resistance to bacterial pustule leafspot. In each case, the new variety was developed by crossing the old variety with a rot-resistant line. This was followed by four to seven generations of backcrossing crossing each generation prosency with the original variety and selecting those plants that showed resistance to phvtophthora- These are the first soybean varieties developed in the United States by this backcrossing procedure. Purdue sovbean breeders estimate that Indiana soybean growers lose between $8 and $lO million annually from phytophthora root rot. On some farms yield losses run as high as 25 to 50 per cent. The disease is caused by a soil fungus and is found throughout Indiana. It mav cause ore-emerg-ence seedling decav, stunting, or killing throughout the active plant growth period. Purdue staff members who participated in die development pro-

director-actor—Kirk Douglas, Burt Lancaster, Doris Dav. Thev moved confidently into the 50’s with their own production companies free of the old studio bonds. The newcomers made their own pictures. soent more monev on production and overseas locations, certain that a new era had dawned; and so it had. Then The Fall But box office slumps, labor problems, strikes and rising costs and taxes, runaway production brought chaos and something else thev hadn’t figured on: TELEVISION! And here, after 40 years of growth, motion pictures as we know them have met their Waterloo. Just as surely as movies killed vaudeville, television was closing the movie houses. The average weekly attendance in 1936 was 88 million, according to records of the Academy of Motion Pictures library. In 1946, the average weekly attendance hit 90 million. By 1950 it was down to 60 million and in 1960 had dropped to an estimated 41 million. Wednesday: Hollywood looks to television to provide away back for the industry.

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gram were Dr. A. H. Probst, agronomy department, and Dr. Kirk Athow and F. L. Laviolette, both of the botany and plant pathology department. PLANT DISEASES: A virus disease of small grain and grasses that some years causes severe crop loss has been controlled with a systematic insecticide in tests at the agricultural experiment station at Purdue University. It is known as barley yellow dwarf because it was first recognized on barley in 1951. M. Curtis Wilson, Purdue entomologist, and Harry Hodges, Purdue agronomist, have Used dimethoate as a spray to control the disease, which is carried by grain aphids. These are small sucking-type insects that transmit the disease by putting it into the plant say when they pierce the leaves to feed. In 1959, a severe epidemic.,of barley yellow dwarf hit the Indiana oat crop, and farmers lost about 27 per cent of their oats. Most farmers gave the name red leaf to the disease as it moved north along with a big migration of the green bug aphids and their fields turned reddish brown. Since that time the Purdue station has been working on the problem. Preliminary tests between Wilson and Dr. Ralph Caldwell, plant pathologist, showed that where dimethoate was applied only 10 per cent of the tillers were infected with the disease. On untreated plots, 100 per cent of the oat tillers were infected and there was heavy loss. Recently Wilson and Hodges have been growing two kinds of aphids, the English grain and apple grain, two of several species known to carry the disease. They have put these on Isolated field plots to study results on oats, barley and wheat. Symptoms on the crops vary, but most of the time they show up as reddish and yellow leaves. Plants are stunted and often the heads fail to come out. The research men have used these methods because the aphids are around in moderate numbers any year, although the disease has not been of epidemic size since 1959. By studying the problem, Wilson and Hodges hope to have controls ready when the next serious outbreak comes along. They applied dimethoate as ■ a foliar spray at the rate oL.-44 pound (one-fourth pound) of. insecticide per acre in 12 gallons of spray. It was taken up by the plant, making the plant poisonous to the aphids. Most attempts in the past have failed to control (virus diseases by using insectidMes to control the insect carriers - because the action of the insecticide was not fast enough to kill the insect before it could infect the crqp. However, the Purdue technique of foliar spray has largely prevented development of barley yellow leaf and has produced dramatie increases in yield even in tests where symptom development has been minor. On plots where symptoms were evident, Wilson and Hodges got increases in yield up to 20 bushels per acre on oats over the untreated plots. Research “is continuing because effective field control requires careful timing to get the insecticide applied, and more needs to be known about the length of time it will remain effective. Wilson says this treatment is preventive and not a cure, which means that fields will have to be treated before insects build up heavy populations. Cooperative extension entomologists will need to watch for potential aphid outbreaks coining from the south into north central areas of the country, so that farmers can be warned. 1962 SOIL TESTS TOTALED 39,000: Purdue University’s soil testing laboratory processed approximately 39,000 samples in 1962. This was less than the average of all recent years, except 1960. The spring . f 1962 was cold and late, much like that of 1960. Good, early spring weather encourages farmers to take soil samples, while poor weather discourages it. Eleven counties submitted fewer than 200 samples, while 69 counties ranged between 200 and 700. . i ■ , The top 12 counties and the number of samples: Benton 1601, Decatur 1241, Jasper 1207, Whitlev 1011, Morgan 960, Cass 838, Madison 827, Lake 811, Bush 783. Greene 751, Randolph 749, Tippecanoe 733. Agronomists generally agree that a fertility program has its basis in soil testing. Now is the time for farmers to start planting for testing this spring. Soil sample boxes and instructions can be obtained from county extension offices. Don’t wait until a week before you plant corn to send the soil sample to the laboratory. You may be disappointed. If farmers send the dry samples with properly filled out forms and the correct remittance, they can expect to receive the results from the test within 10 days. Two major points: Be sure that the field cropping history form is completed in detail; make certain the samples are dry before they are placed in the mail. Glossy Fabrics . Add a little borax-to the water in which sateen or cotton materials with a glossy finish are rinsed ■— and this will h«lp retain that ' sheen.

Purple Pennings By Patsy Lee Leaders County Extension Agent Heme Economics February 19, 1963 Additional information has been received about the- Huntington Sewing Clinic on February 25 and 26. The hours will be 9:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. and from 1:00 p.ni. to 3:00 p.m. The bus will leave. Decatur at 8:00 am. as we can’t predict what the weather will be like on these days. It will then leave Huntington immediately after the afternoon session. For those planning to attend the clinic please remember your SI.OO bus fare and your sack lunch. We are looking for a family who would be interested in having an IFYE live with them for three weeks. Our county would have the person either in May or August 10 to 24. The host family must attend an orientation meeting in Rochester on April 3.. If any of you are interested and want further details, please call the County Extension Office, 3-3000. 4-ft Leaden: Don’t forget the rumber of girls of Senior Dress Revue age who would be interested in attending a style show must be called into the office by February 20. CONGRATULATIONS: At the annual Farmer’s Achievement Banquet the Home Demonstration Clubs whose achievement score sheet had the top score will be given awards. The first place club is Decatur Home Demonstration Club; second place is M. W. Friendship; third place, Monroe Better Homes Club; and fourth place is Swiss Village Club. The ladies really have earned their place of honor. The banquet is scheduled for the night of March 5 at the Community Center in Decatur. I'm sure all the winning clubs will want to be present. GLEE CLUB: The Rotary Club as Bluffton is sponsoring the Purdue University Glee Club in an appearance on April 2 at 8:00 p.m. Wt have more detailed information in the County Extension office for those of

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you who may want to obtain tickets. SEWING WITH MOHAIR: Mohair is one of the season’s elegant fabrics,, but it may be difficult for beginning sewers to handle. Frieda Stoll, Purdue University clothing specialist, observes that experienced home sewers can work with mohair sucessfully if they handly the fabric with care. For best results she recommands some special handling techniques. Select patterns of semi-fitted dresses, loose jackets or coats. Avoid pressed pleats and buttonholes. Because of the loose weave, mohair should always be lined. Use a lightweight fabric, such as China silk. Stay-stitch mohair and lining together and handle as one piece suggests Miss Stoll. To prevent mohair loops from catching in the machine’s pressure foot, stitch through a strip of tissue paper placed on top of the seam. Use a medium length stitch to prevent seam puckering. Seams should be finished, by overcasting, zig zagging, binding, or tacking to the lining. This prevents the edges from fraying or raveling. If yo udo make buttonholes, reinforce the binding and buttonhole area with iron-on interfacing to prevnt buttonholes from pulling out. Use a short stitch and make a bit wider seams. Don’t use a steam iron to press mohair, cautions the specialist. Steam and moisture mat and shrink mohair. Use a cool or medium hot dry iron and press on the wrong side of the material FRUITS AND VEGETABLES WITH VITAMIN C. Don’t let the smaller supply of citrus fruit upset your vitamin C intake. Many sources of this vitamin are readily available, points out Marcile Allen, Purdue University food specialist. Other fruits and vegetables contain fair amounts of vitamin C and be substituted in your diet. As a rule, 1/2 cup of orange or grapefruit juice supplies 85 per cent of the recommended daily re-

quirement. The following fruits and vegetables supply the equivalent of 1/2 cup orange juice: 2/3 cup raw strawberries; 3/4 to 1 cup tomatoes (whole or juice) 1 cup brussels sprouts; 1 1/4 cup cabbage; 3/5 cup broccoli; 1/2 cantaloupe; 3 sweet potatoes; 4 white potatoes. When planning your menu, consider the amount of each fruit or vegetable needed to provide the required vitamin C. Then figure the cost per saving to find the substitutes that fit into your family’s preferences and budget. Since vitamin C is not readily stored in body tissues, it must be consumed daily. The specialist warns against wasting considerable amounts of vitamins in the cooking water from vegetables. Use this water in sauces or gravies, instead of discarding it. Vitamin C is needed by the body to resist infection hold body cells together, firm walls of blood vessels .and aid in healing wounds and broken bones.. Other fruits and vegetables contain vitamin C, but the ones mentioned contain the largest amounts and are usually plentiful during tile winter. A BIRTHDAY It wouldn’t seem like February 22 if you didn’t celebrate Washington’s Birthday with some type of cherry product. Os course you could always use your reliable cherry pie receipe, but here are two other ideas: Cherry Cream Pie 1 1/2 cups crushed crackers. 1/2 cup butter: 1/4 cup sugar; 1/4 cup chopped pecans. Bake 10 minutes at 350 degrees. Prepare 1 package vanilla pudding according to directions. Chill and pour into baked cracker crust. Topping: 1/2 package cherry gelatin 1 cup hot canned cherry juice 1 tspn. lemon juice 1- 3/4 cups drained canned tart cherries Dissolve gelatin in cherry juice. Add lemon juice and cherries. Chill until slightly thickened. Pour over pudding in pastry shell. Chill until firm. Serve with whipped

Tuesday, February 19, 1963

cream, (one 9” pie). Cherry Fluff 1 (1 9b.) can pie cherries, drained (1% cups). 1 tablesp. (1 envelope) unflavored gelatin 3/4 cup sugar 1/2 teasp. almond extract 1 cup heavy cream, whipped 20 vanilla wavers, crushed Soak gelatin in 1/4 cup cherry juice 5 minutes. Cut cherries fine with scissors. Heat remaining cherry juice with sugar to boiling point. Add softened gelatin and almond extract and chill until it starts to congeal. Add well drained cut cherries. Fold in whipped cream. Pour into an 8x 8 x 2 inch pan in which half of crumbs have been sprinkled. Sprinkle remaining crumbs over cherry mixture. Chill several hours. Cut into squares. 9 servings. Note: When using frozen cherries, reduce sugar to 1/2 cup. The weight watchers could celebrate with a cherries in low calorie jello such as D-Zerta. SOME ONE SAlD—Tomorrow’s improvements should be started today. i Household Scrapbook | Enamelware To test the quality of enamelware, apply either some red or black ink to the surface and allow to dry. Then wash off with cold water, and if the enamelware is of good quality, there will be no stain remaining. Fish Slime Stains Fish slime is a concentrated albumen stain and can be stubborn and sometimes impossible to remove from certain resin-treated or sized fabrics. Soak immediately in a pan containing a solution of water with some nuetral detergent and about a spoonful of salt. Soak about 10 minutes, and flex slightly between the fingers or tamp with a brush. Rinse in plain cold water. Should a stain remain, further home treatment is not advisable. Send to your dry cleaner, being sure to identify the stain to him.