Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 60, Number 298, Decatur, Adams County, 19 December 1962 — Page 11

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER it I®«J

Discusses Progress Os Common Market

EMttean Unity: Miracle Or Mirage? (EDITOR'S NOTE _ Following !■ the second in a series of three dispatches by EPI Foreign Newt Analyst Phu Newsom on the subject of the Common Market and European unity: miracle or mirage.) By PHIL NEWSOM DPI Foreign News Analyst The men in charge of the day-to-day destinies of the European Common Market approach their task with almost religious fervor. Among them a favorite word is “cohesion.” Another is “faith.” Their sincerity can no more be questioned than can the undoubt-

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ed economic success of the slx- . nation European Common Market t whose origin sprang from the desires of the six to so bind themselves together that future wars among them would be impossible. But the words “cohesion” and "faith" are subject to interpretation and upon how they are interpreted will depend whether Great Britain is to be successful now in her efforts to join the European community or whether her entry is to be put off indefinitely, perhaps for years. And upon them also may depend the future of the community itself, whether it really is the forerunner of a united Europe stronger either than the United States or the Soviet Union or whether Europe once more is to fall back into a system of separate alliances and power blocs subject to old jealousies, suspicions and ambitions. Other Nations Interested The community which Britain seeks to join is composed of France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, The Netherlands and Luxembourg. Upon British entry also depends membership for Denmark, Norway and Ireland. And conditional upon that is the question of associate membership for Sweden, Switzerland, Austria and Portugal to whom Britain is bound through its ties with the European Free Trade Association. And beyond that is the hope of an economic and political force binding 300 million West Europeans. *> When the Common Market spokesmen speak of "cohesion,” they speak of the forces which have brought the six through the early crisis of organization and another which brought them to agreement on the thorny question of agriculture. The forces of cohesion, they say, already are at a minimum afitL might disappear altogether should rules of entry be relaxed. Therefore, they speak of “faith” which is a broad definition of the terms upon which they demand Britain accept entry, without firm guarantees for British industry or agriculture or for the Commonwealth nations which would lose their trade advantages with Britain. One Os Exponents Walter Hallstein, president of the Common Market’s ruling commission, is one of the foremost exponents of cohesion and faith... .... Hallstein, a German, is graying and precise even to the way he combs his hair. He is-, -in -Brussels parlance, a federalist, one who favors close European political union under a powerful European parliament. He would like political union now but he agrees that it must come slowly, not until after Western Europe has been able to settle on a common nuclear policy. In his comfortable office in the commission’s modernistic office building just off the Avenue de la Joyeux Entrei (Street of the Joyous Entrance), he says: “The creation of a. united Europe requires both responsibility and trust. "... The task cannot be accomplished overnight. That is why so many of the solutions so

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far envisaged in the British negotiations may seem vague or insufficient — promises, Procedures, declaration of intent to be set in motion in the future. "But that is precisely what the EEC treaty was in 1957 — and look bow far we have come since then!” Can Quote Figures Hallstein can quote impressive figures: Internal farm tariffs among the six cut 35 per cent, .industrial tariffs 50 per cent and with a chance that all internal tariffs will be abolished by mid-1967, two and a half years ahead of schedule. The gross national product of the six up 24 per cent between 1958 and 1961. Industrial production up 29 per cent. External trade up 27 per cent as compared with 19 per cent for general world trade expansion. Those within the Common Market who frankly expect failure in the current negotiations with Britain do so on three counts: —That Britain still regards the European community f simply as an enlarged market and not as a real community with political as well as economic goals, thus distorting her vision. —That Britain’s position on agriculture is unrealistic. —That the Macmillan government errs in attempting to keep the question out of British politics — that the move is so important to Britain that it should become a major issue in a British general election. To which the British reply: “Who are they to tell us how to run our country?” Visits Foreign Office In the stone pile which is the British Foreign Office off Whitehall Street, a coal fire burns in an open fireplace against the

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early winter chill. And in a marble-lined second floor, office, Lord Privy Seal Edward Heath received this correspondent during a breather between sessions of Parliament and his job as Britain’s chief negotiator in Brussels. Heath is a handsome, ruddyfaced man with an eye to history. He “ sees the current negotiations as having one "supreme object — to create that wider European unity, economically and politically, which will enable all the countries to develop their owii resources for the good of their people.” Heath has been tagged by many as the next conservative prime minister of Great Britain and he knows the consequences if he fails at Brussels. Has Accepted Consequences Britain, he says, has accepted the political and economic consequences of entering the Common Market but has asked for certain adjustments — adjustments to come into line with Europe’s more costly price supports for agriculture and adjustments to protect" Commonwealth products which now come into Britain duty free,.. ■ Has Britain a deadline qn negotiations? “No. We will negotiate as long as necessary.” Are the negotiations more difficult than expected? “We thought they would be difficult but not that they (the six) would be so unreasonable.” Heath’s determined optimism that the current negotiation will end in success is not shared by Harold Wilson, former chancellor of the Exchequer and a member of the Labor party’s “shadow cabinet.” He believes the Macmillan-gov-

Buys Health Bond Us* Christmas Seals < ’»»’#■ Chriwiios " BWMHf 1 EST jwnfiWy > iGfreriigs'flk-iwj] c * 3-> 2- ? a* r > Fight Tuberculosis Beta Sigma Phi sorority has voted purchase of a $5 health bond officials of the Christmas seal campaign in Adams county annnouced today. All proceeds from the annual sale are used in the fight on tuberculosis and to provide clinics and otherwise carry on the combat against the "white plague.” ernment’s obvious anxiety to enter the market has destroyed the British bargaining position and that no agreement acceptable to British agriculture and to Commonwealth exports can be reached. Federal Jobs Are Delicate Subject By DICK WEST United Press International WASHINGTON (UPI) — The question of which federal jobs should be under Civil Service and which should be filled by other means, such as patronage, is always a delicate one. I haven’t talked with an average politician recently, but past observation leads me to believe that his views on this subject can be summarized somewhat as follows: • , —He favors a strong merit system while recognizing the need for additional patronage positions. —He particularly favors a strong merit system when the other party is in power, and he can better recognize the need for additional patronage positions when his own party is in control. What I’m leading up to here is that the Civil Service Commission has just published a revised list of the jobs, or if you prefer a fruitier expression, the “plums” that are exempted from the competitive service. Unfortunately, the- commission did not -indicate which, r if any, of the positions are vacant at the moment. But 1 thought it might be helpful if I mentioned a few of them, just to show how the wind is blowing. Employes who may be hired without a Civil Service examination include: —Chinese, Japanese and Hindu interpreters. I can’t imagine why they were exempted unless it’s because there is nobody on the commission who could grade their papers. —Coast Guard lamplighters. —Two schoolteachers at Chichi Jima in the Bonin-Volcano Islands. I don’t know anything about the cirriculum there but it sounds like a good place to go to study lamplighting. —Positiions of cadet hostesses at the U.S. Air Force Academy. This must be what they mean when they speak of the “new” Air Force. —The executive director of the Indian Arts and Crafts Board. —Twelve assistants to collect and summarize information on short-time supplies of tomatoes and celery. Sounds like interesting work but I wouldn’t want to make a career of it. —Cooks on Swan Island. > —One private secretary to the deputy assistant secretary in the office of the assistant secretary of defense for international security affairs. —The deputy assistant director of shelter and vulnerability reduction in the office of plans and operations in the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization. Either of the latter two jobs would suit me fine if another war broke out. By the time they got through paging me, it would be over. If you have something to sell or trade — use=Jthe-J>eineerat ads — they gqfc, BIG results.

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JlSgy 'Wjw* —■ -■ yi ■? 's’! ' ■ . fly 1 ■h**- : : MflnL pE3« VS K AND FRIEND — Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev, left, leaves railroad station in Moscow with visiting President Josef Broz Tito of Yugoslavia.

Bloody Season Looms Likely Now In Congo By LYLE C. WILSON United Press International — WASHINGTON (UPI) — Another bloody Christmas season in the Congo now seems likely under the joint auspices of the United Nations and the United States. Americans busy with other matters are scarcely aware of their joint responsibility for the situation now developing. They were shocked a year ago when U.N. Secretary General Thant cracked down on Katanga. U.N. forces attacked the Katangese with the explanation that the Katangese were about to attack U.N. forces. There ensued dispute as to responsibility for the fighting. More fighting and more dispute now appear likely because the United States and Thant are in a position where the Katanga government is resisting a U.N. order to align itself with the central Congo government, or else. Americans weren’t looking ,or listening when the Katanga fighting begin in December, 1961. ■ They should alert themselves now to follow the blood letting from its and to keep themselves informed of the impact of their country’s Congo policies in the Congo, itself. Newsmen on the scene in Katanga should be ready to report accurately who starts the shooting this time and who is hit. For example, there was dispute during last December’s fighting whether

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the U.N. artillery and airplanes did or did not bomb hospitals, civilian concentrations and such non - military objectives. The shooting began on Dec. 5. Kennedy administration foreign policy is so closely tied to the United Nations that it is difficult to judge whether Secretary General Thant or Secretary of State Dean Rusk is the man to decide whether there shall be another Christmas season of blood letting Wr L r ' J He » Compact table radio promises stereo reception thanks to its detachable speakers. Exquisite, hand-blown Austrian tree ornaments, make cherished token gifts.

PAGE THREE-A

in Katanga. It is reasonably clear, however, that without the support of the Kennedy administration, Thant would hesitate long before ordering his U.N. troops to shoot. The day after the shooting began last December, Ambassador Adlai E. Stevenson told newsmen that the United States fully supported U.N. action against Katanga. : .......j Attend :* • • : Services : : Ibis : • • : Week j at your owe : : of worship | * - PHONE 3-4338 f •