Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 60, Number 280, Decatur, Adams County, 28 November 1962 — Page 6

PAGE SIX

Territory History Presented Tuesday

The story of the Northwest Territory was presented to some 30 members and guests of the Adams county Historical society Tuesday night by David J. Schwartz, former teacher, farmer, and well known local author. Many of the local students present took notes as he gave the background information from his manuscript and then explained his subject in an informal and interesting manner. Miss Barbara Wechter, of Blue Creek township, accompanied by a friend. Miss Roth, gave one humorous and two dramatic readings. -, Kimsey School Record Delmore Wechter, father of Miss Wechter, loaned the Decatur public library an early record book,

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covering the years 1879-84, of the Kimsey school, to be displayed there for a short time. The record shows the teachers and pupils in the school at that time. Miss Fancy Reynolds, of Pleasan Mills, gave the minutes of the previous meeting. Following the meeting the board of trustees and nominating committee selected a slate of nominees for office, to be voted on at the next meeting. Topics for future meetings were also discussed, and it was agreed that the history of the various churches in “the county be given. The early road system of the county was mentioned, and a search will be made for source material on this topic, as well as a speaker. The next meeting will be held

January 29, 1963. Notes On Talk At the close of the American Revolution in 1783, each of the 13 original states was more or less an independent government, Schwartz said. During the conflict the Continental Congress, which had adopted the declaration of independence, represented the states in waging the war. But it proved vastly inadequate to legislate for the country. The articles of confederation were recommended to the individual states Nov. 15, 1777, but the states were quite slow to adopt them. By the articles, each state, regardless of its population and area, had just one vote. Its delegates were appointed, and could be and frequently were, recalled on short notice by the governors and legislatures-. The continental congress, under the articles, could wage war, make peace, send and receive ambassadors, govern Indian trade, determine the standards of coinage, weights and measures, and organize a postal service. These powers were delegated by

TH® DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT, DECATUR, INDIANA

the states, which retained all residual power. Land Ownership by States Several of the states claimed ownership of the western land; while they were actually located between the Atlantic and Appalachian mountains because of the limit of penetration into Indian territory, the original grants from the crown had, in many instances, extended from “coast to coast.” Following the war, in the patriotic period that followed, many of the states renounced their rights in this western land, because of the distance, expense, and problems of government. Also, many small states, such as Maryland, objected to the ownership by New York, Connecticut or Massachusetts of large western areas, claiming that this land should be public domain. The Maryland plan was accepted and adopted during the war, March I, 1781. The continental congress lacked the power to tax, which rested with the states. Congress had to petition the states for its funds, and this was difficult to do. Farmers Want Land The original land in the eastern states, in many cases, belonged in landed estates, so many early settlers were tenants or servants. In the families who did own land, the land usually descended to the oldest son. This meant that many of the people, still 90% or more of whom were farmers, had an urgent desire for land. When the war ended, these farm people wanted land for new farms. The country had land west of the Appalachian mountains. How would it be dis.tributed, govi erned, etc.? Thomas Jefferson took the initiative in this manner. A student of western farm problems, he realized that these sturdy farm people by moving west would provide the backbone for a great nation. First Law In his proposal of 1784, he suggested certain fundamental guarantees: that the states created should be forever part of the United States of America; that they should be liable for their share of the federal debt. This, with some miribr changes, was accepted. But there were, as yet, very few settlers in the territory northwest of the Ohio River, just won from the British and Indians by George Rogers Clark, and st®, actually, with British forts on the Maumee and at Detroit. At the same time, states and

the federal government were discharging their debts to the Revolutionary soldiers with land grants in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Ohio, as well as Indiana. In 1785 an ordinance provided for a rectangular survey of the new lands, setting up the familiar township system. Final Statute The ordinance of 1787 was an outgrowth of all of the former ordinances, and it was the organic statute which actually operated the territory. Like the ordinance of 1784, it provided for creating new states j in three stages. In the first stage, the continental congress appointed a governor, secretary, and three judges. When the territory had 5.000 freeholders, it could then choose a representative assembly which would make nominations to congress from which an upper legislative council would be appointed. Laws passed by the two houses were subject to the appointed governor’s veto. The final step was statehood, after an area reached a population of 60,000. It was anticipated that not fewer than three nor more than five states would be created from the area. . Freedom of worship, from arbitrary imprisonment, right of trial by jury, schools and public education were to be forever encouraged. Slavery and involuntary servitude were forever forbidden. Every 16th section in a township was to go for school purposes. The great forests of the region, giving building material, and protection from the winds, were a great help, while the plows could not, as yet, break the heavy grass turf of the western plains, Schwartz concluded. Cub Scout Pack 3062 Will Meet Thursday Cub Scout pack 3062 will hold its November pack meeting Thursday at 7: p.m. in the Southeast school gym. All present Cubs and their parents are asked to be present. Several awards will be given on achievements accomplished during the summer months. The parent must be present before the Cub can receive his award. All boys 8-11 interested in joining the Cubs are asked to bring their parents to this meeting. Refreshments will be served.

; Close Scout Round-up i I Drive In December , Decatur, Monroe, Berne, and Geneva Boy Scout units will close 1 their “Go” Round-up membership s drive in December by asking each r Scout member of their unit to bring just one boy who is not a Boy Scout, Cub Scout, or Explorer to the next meeting, Bill Spice, dis- ™ trict executive, said today. r "We know there are hundreds of boys who would like to join ‘"Scouting,” Spice added, "They ' will join if only someone asks t them.” s If each one of the 1,058 boys in . scouting in Adams, Wells, and Jay >1 counties would ask a neighbor boy J or school friend to join, it would y increase the amount of fun to be ;i had when the unit goes hiking, .. camping, or cooking. iJ To Present Messiah e Saturday, Sunday ' e BERNE — Handel's oratorio, e "Ibe Messiah,” will be presented n Saturday and Sunday evenings at 7:30 o’clock by the Mennonite ’t choral society, here. The presenn tations will bein the First Menn nonite church and will mark the , 71st anniversary of the first pre- . sentation of the Messiah by this j choral organization. Dr. Freeman Burkhalter will again serve as director and the soloists will be ' Sabina Roupp, soprano; Ardis Krainik, alto; Richhrd Schreiber, bass and Robert Johnson, tenor, p all of Chicago. Mrs. Leland Neuen, organist, and Mrs. Sherman Stucky, ’ pianist, will be the accompanists. The public is welcome. There is no j admission charge. i Therapy Program Being Organized An occupational therapy prol gram is being organized in Ad- ■ ams county. The purpose of this ; therapy program is teaching of I skills to the handicapped patients • as a means of treating and rei habilitating them. I This therapy will be provided for the residents of the Adams county home. Meetings will be held once each month at the Red Cross office. Various trips will be scheduled throughout the year to various therapy centers for educational purposes. One such tour was taken to the Fort Wayne state school recently by Mrs. Nevin Miller, Mrs. Ena Ruhl, Mrs. Kathryn Ogg, Mrs. Walter Walchle and Mrs. Leo Sheets. People still needed in this therapy program are, music instructor capable of teaching rhythm, man or woman good in art and painting, volunteers in assisting instructors; t£js includes anyone, regardless of training, who is willing to give a few hours each week to this trerapy program. Those interested in this occupational therapy program may call the Red Cross office, 3-3106 or Mrs. Leo Sheets, 3-2342. An organizational meeting will beheld December 4 at 1:30 p.m. in the Red Cross office. If you have sometnmg to sell or trade — use the Democrat Wa • ads — they get BIG resuits.

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County CROP Fund Aid For Refugees Adams county people, by giving $6,600 last year to the Christian Rural Overseas Program (CROP), helped some 70,000 Hong Kong refugees following Hurricane Wanda, which struck in the earlydawn hours of September 1 in th it British colony in South China. Last year Indiana CROP gave $152,207.00 to Church World Service to transport surplus foods, buy foods not in surplus, and provide self-help projects through Christian outlets in the needy areas of the world. In Hong Kong, where hundreds of thousands who have* fled Red China and starvation are piling up on the barien hills and stinking boat-cities, U. S. churches are meeting the challenge by providing help. CWS made it possible for thousands of these left homeless by the sudden typhoon to again have a roof over their heads, to have food and dry clothing. The wife of Yan Sai Wing, whose family was left homeless, told her story to CWS workers on the scene. She and her husband, both working seven days a week in Hong Kong and neighboring Portuguese Macao, earn less than S4O a month to support themselves, a grandmother, and five children, eight people. The Yan family lived on a roof top where 11 other families also had their lean-to’s. In the four or five hours that the typhoon poured its wind and water onto Hong Kong, all the shacks were blown away, roofs, walls, and tarpaper siding. Pots, pans, dishes, clothes, and blankets were blown into the streets. The family huddled in a stairway until the storm ended. They reported to the local police station and were taken to a refugee center where hundreds huddled together on the floor during the Jong night, with a few bites of food from the British government. The next day, this family received about $34.00 American funds to rebuild their shack, and an additional $8.50 from the government, more than a month’s wages for the entire family. In addition, they received hot food, and additional rice and bulgar wheat. The day of the storm and the following day, CWS workers, representing 32 of the major Protestant and Orthodox denom-

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Inatlons in America, distributed 25 900 pounds of rice, 20,000 pounds of bulgar wheat, 30,000 pounds of high-protein biscuits, 12 000 cups of milk, 3,000 pounds of* noodles, and other foodstuffs to . the typhoon survivors, in addition to the regularly monthly distribution to those in need. The current CROP drive, to help the unfortunate in the world through Christian workers in 1963, is now underway. Deny Reports Os Russian Flights WASHINGTON <UPD —The Defense Department describes as “completely without foundation” reports that Russian reconnaissance planes have flown over the southeastern United States. friends • • . If you are in need of CASH for Christmas shopping, or to pay old bills a cordial welcome awaits you. In one short visit we will arrange the CASH you need into one convenient loan with payments you can afford. Bill Snyder, Mgr. 164 S. Second St. Phone 3-3333