Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 59, Number 116, Decatur, Adams County, 17 May 1961 — Page 10

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DBCATUR BAILYDEMOCRAT ■otflM ?»e Office as Second Class Matter Die* D. teller, Jr President John G. teller. Vice-President Ch&s. Hofthouse Secretary-Trwwrtf Farmers’ Problem . About 1,700 Adams county fanned have just two weeks left to make up their minds as to whether they will take part in the 1961 com program. The purpose of the plan is to get rid of the com surplus without depressing the price of com for several years, thus ruining the farmers. The plan will pay for itself — surplus corn will be sold to make the payments. In addition, storage costs will be reduced by the aihount of com sold. If enough farmers take part in the program, there will be no corn surplus this year. That would be very good news to those who want to return to free market. But if every farmer continues to raise as much corn as he can, the surplus will continue to grow. The farm problem will be worse. Government intervention will increase. The present firm program Is completely farmer-controlled. Adams county farmers have the base which they themselves set — 100%. Each farm’s com acreage has been set by a local farmer board, made up entirely of farmers. There are several boards of appeals, if farmers feel their allotment is too small. Here in this county, every appeal except one has been granted by the county committee, which again consists entirely of wellknown local farmers. Farmers who feed their grain may also benefit from the program. They may take cash at support price, and buy back com at market price for No. 2 grade. The leading farmers in the county, those who consistantly, year after year, make a good profit on their _ farm operation, have already signed up. $ In fact, even two Amish farmers, generally considered the most conservative farm group in the county, have signed up for the program. ' n The farm surplus must be disposed of. In addition, prices that farmers receive, should go up, rather than down. If the entire farm surplus were dumped on the market during a year in which every farmer produced his normal amount of com, you wouldn’t be able to give corn away. But if farmers keep 20-40% of their corn land out of production, receiving substantial payments from the sale of the surplus corn that can then be disposed of, the price of corn will stay fairly high, and would rise in the future, and the surplus would be reduced without cost to the taxpayer. This would protect the farmer, and all of those who desire to sell to the farmer. It would protect the taxpayer as well. That is the purpose of the com program. Farmers will help themselves substantially by signing up. About 500 have already signed up this county. But Jay and Van Wert counties already have signed up over 700, and Wells county is also ahead of Adams. \ Already a com program for next year is being planned, and it is both possible and likely that those who take part in this first year will receive preferential rates next year. Many farmers have been talking about help- \ ing themselves, and getting back to a free market. This may be their last chance to do just that. If the farm surplus continues to grow, the government will be in farming for a long, long time.

TV PROGRAMS Central Daylight Time

WANE-TV Channal 15 WBDNMDAY iTCtIIC S:oo—Life of Riley 6:3o—Tom Calenberg—Newe 6*4s—Doug Edwards —News 7:oo—Lock Up 7:30 —Malibu Run B:3o—Danger Man 9:oo—Angel 9:Bo—l've Got A Secret 10:00—U. S. Steel Hour 11:00—Phil Wilson—News ——— 11:15 —Hello Kitchen THURSDAY . , , _ 7:os—This Day '6l 8:00—CBS News B:ls—Captain Kangaroo 9:00 —Coffee Cup Theater 10:15—Debbie Drake Show 10:30 —Video Village 11:00 —Double Exposure 11:80 —Your Surprise Package After boo ■ 12:00—Love of Life 12:30 —Search for Tomorrow 12:45 —Guiding Light I:oo—Ann Colone 1:25 —Bob Carlin—News I:3o—As The World Turns 2.oo—Face the Facts 2:B©—Houseparty 3:oo—The Millionaire 8:30 —Verdict Is Your* 4:oo—Brighter Day 4: IS—Secret Storm 4:3o—Edge Os Night i :0© —Dance Date Evening 6:oß—Life of Riley 6:80 — Tom Calenberg « • 6:4s—Doug Edwards—Nhwj> 7:oo—State Trooper 7:3©—Summer Sport Spectacular B:3©—Zane Grey Theater 9:o©—Gunslinger 10:0© —Face the Nation 11 :0©—Phil Wilson— News 11:15 Buck Benny Rides Again WKJG-TV Channal 33 WEDNESDAY Evening 6:0© —Gates way to Sports 6:15 —News Jack Orgy 6:2s—Weather 6:2© —The Pete Smith Show 6:©f— Huntley-Brlnktey Report 1 :©•—Tombstone Territory / 7:30 —Wagon Train 3:Bo—The Price Is Right 9:*0 —Perry Como 10:0© —Peter Loves Mary 10:30 —Rod ’n Gun Unlimited 11 :©©—-News and Weather 11:15—Sports Today 11:80—Jack Paar Show THURSDAY 6:Bo— Continental Classroom *:oo—Tottav . 9:*© —Ewkiueer John 9;J0 —Coffee Break 9:s6— Faith To Ur© By dafe/atf/ ■■,v. —■—-—

10:00—Say When V 10:80—Play Your Hunch 1 11:00—The Price Is Right \ 11:30—Concentration/ V Afternoon 12:00—News < 12:10—Weather *. 12:15—Farms and Farming 12:30—1t Could Be You 12:55—N8C News Day Report 1:00 —Truth/or Consequences I:3o—The Burns & Allen Show 2:oo—Jarf Murray 2:3o—Loretta Young Theatre 3:00 —Young Dr. Malone 3:3o—From These Roots //- : 4:oo—MakC Room for Daddy 4:30 —Here's Hollywood 5:00—Bozo Show Evening - • ~ 6:oo—Gateway to Sports 6:ls—Jack Gray—News 6:25—-Weather 6:3o—Pete Smith Show 6:4s—Huntley Brinkley Report 7:oo—Jeff’s Collie 7 :3o—The Outlaw's B:3o—Bat Masterson 9:00-—Bacheldr Father 9:30 —Tennessee Ernie Ford 10:00—Groucho Show 10:30—Manhunt .... -- _ 1 f 11:00—News and Weather \ 11:15—Sports Today 11:20—Jack Paar V WPTA-TV \ Channel 21 * WEDNESDAY Evening 6:oo—Popeye. and Rascals Show . 7:lo—Clutch Cargo 7:ls—News 7:3o—Hong Kong., B:2oJ*tezie & Harriet Eye . ICWSKed City \ 11 in the Woods 1 THIRBDAI » Morning * o:s3—Harry, Charlie,*Hurry 11:00—Gale Storm 11:30—Love That Bob ; trteuoon ’ ■ 12:00—Camouflage I 12:25—A8C News J • 12:30—Number Pleas© * I:oo—About Faces t 1 I:3o—Quiet Stranger 2 ?00—Day in Court i 2:3o—Seven Keys 3. 3:oo—Queen For a Day I • 3:3o—Who Do You Trust 4 :36—American Bandstand 5:00—Stool Pigeon s:3o—Rocky and his Friends Event** 6i©o— Popeye and Rascals Show 6:3©—Huckleberry Hound 7:o©—Popeye and Rascals Show 7:lo—Clutch Cargo 7:ls—Sews 7:3o—Guest ward Ho! 8:00—-Donna Reed > I B:3o—The Real .McCoys i 4 9:oo—My Three Sons 1 9:3o—Untouchables ' 10:3©—Miami Undercover ' ” _ 11:©0—Rio Grande -A i »—l*

Today 7th Anniversary Os Historic Decision

EDITOR’S NOTE: Today marks the seventh anniversary of the historic ‘ U.S. Supreme Court decision that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. In recent days a UPI special reporting team has been checking on the progress in desegregation in various areas, including Little Rock, Clinton, Tenn., and other areas. They found that slow progress has been made in some areas and that most communities have made no start at al. Here is their report: By LOUIS CASSELS United Press International WASHINGTON (UPI) — The time was 12 noon. The date: Monday, May 17, 1954. Heavy red draperies parted at the rear of the U.S. Supreme Court Chamber, and nine blackrobed justices walked to their big leather chairs as the clerk’s “oyez, oyez” brought the audience to its feet. At the center of the long mahogany bench, white-haired Chief Justice Earl Warren adjusted his rimless spectacles, and began to read from a sheaf of papers in his hand. What he said boiled down to this: “Bulletin. “WASHINGTON—The Supreme Court ruled unanimously today that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.” Thus, seven years ago today, the nation embarked on the most far reaching social adjustment since the Emancipation Proclamation. No one thought it could be accomplished easily. Few foresaw, however, how traumatic the change would prove -to be for some American communities. Who would have expected, for example, to see paratroopers baring their bayonets against a mob in the sedate old river port of Little Rock, Ark.? Or a high school demolished by dynamite blasts in the peaceful town of Clinton, Tenn. Or white mothers shrieking unprintable epithets at a minister escorting a frightened child to school in urbane New Orleans? All this, and much more, has happened during the seven years since Americans began the adjustment which the court said must be carried out “with all deliberate speed.” / But the violence which made headlines is not the whole story. Some southern cities have begun the desegregation of their schools in a quiet and orderly fashion, and others are preparing to do so. Some have managed to forestall D-Day by various legal devices including—in the case of Prince Edward County, Va.—a total shutdown of public schools. It has also become evident that the South has no monopoly on the problem. Last month,/ a federal judge ordered an qnd to gerrymandering of school districts which was causing" effective segregation in the New York suburb of New Roxhelle. i... ; j. In recent days, members of a special UPI reporting team have been taking a close-up look at the desegregation picture—in communities where there has been violence, in those where the adjustment has begun peacefully, and in those where no start has been made. They found the latter category iemains by far the most numer-

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ous in the 17 southern states where segregation has been away of life since the Civil War. Os the 2,839 bi-racial school districts in the South and border areas, 777 have been desegregated to some extent since the Supreme Court ruling. In four states —S6uth Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi—complete segregation still prevails in public schools. There are 82,000 Negro children attending schools with whites in the District of Columbia, 35,000 in Missouri, 28.000 in Maryland. 16,329 in Kentucky, 14,000 in West Virginia, 9,822 in Oklahoma, 6,734 in Delaware, 3,500 in Texas, 342 in Tennessee, 208 in Virginia, 113 in Arkansas, 82 in North Carolina, 27 in Florida, and four in Louisiana. But the progress of desegregation cannot really be measured in figures. In September, 1957, nine Negro boys and girls were enrolled in Central High School at Little Rock, Ark. But it took more than 2,000 federal troops, sent in by President Eisenhower, to protect them from mob-violence. And even with soldiers patrolling every corridor of the school, the Negro children were frequently subjected to shoves, slaps, insults and other abuse. Today there are only seven Negro boys and girls in Central High (and four others in Little Rock’s other white high school. Hall). But they walk safely to school along the same sidewalk where paratroopers stood with fixed bayonets four years ago. If a white boy is seen talking to a Negro boy in the hal, no teacher rushes nervously to intervene. The chances are they are merely discussing a homework assignment. _ Clinton, Tenn., Is, in the words of UPI reporter H/ D. Quigg, “a nice little town, snuggled in the far foothills of the Great Smokies,” six miles northeast of the famed Oak Ridge atomic energy plant. It is a town that is trying to forget, a nightmare. The nightmare began in the fall of/4956, when 12 Negro children entered Clinton High School under a court order. The local white people, who had always gotten along well with the relatively small Negro minority in the community, did not get excited about it a first. Then outsiders began to move into Clinton to fan racial hatred. John Kasper made fiery speeches urging bitter-end resisti ance to desegregation. These counsels of desperation prevailed [over the voices of a courageous | mayor, police chief and other moderate leaders of the white | community, who insisted that the Jaw must be obeyed, however distasteful integration might be. So Clinton did it the hard way. For two horror-filed years, it had the full treatment — mobs in the streets; National Guard troops arriving with tanks and armored ears; a tear-gas battle on the courthouse lawn; a white minister savagely beaten for escorting Negro children to school; injunctions, arrests and jail sentences; and finally, on the foggy Sunday morning of Oct. 5, 1958, three shattering blasts of dynamite which wrecked Clinton High School. That was sufficiently bitter end for Clinton. “There has been no trouble since the dynamiting,” 'said Sheriff Glad Woodward.

‘‘People stll don’t like integration, but it’s the law, and you never hear anything said about it anymore.” Clinton has a new SBOO,OOO high school, in which 10 Negro students are currently enrolled. The Negroes do not participate in social activities, and they eat by themselves in the school cafeteria. But “incidents” have become very rare. “There’s no trouble, no bickering, none of that stuff at the school now,” said James Cain, a 15-year old Negro freshman. “Things get better every year,” said a Negro parent. “It would have been all right from the start if the outsiders had left it to these people here in town.” Farmville, Va., lies about 60 miles southwest of Richmond, along the line of Lee’s last retreat. It is 30 miles east of Appomattox Court House, where the Confederacy conceded its cause was lost. It is a charming old town with two fine colleges, a proud tradition of culture, and 176 years of history. It once was the world’s largest tobacco market, and is still the trading center for a large farming area of “Southside” Virginia. It has a population of about 6,000 and is the seat of government for Prince Edward County. The white men who run the affairs of Prince Edward County are, in the words of a local Negro leader, “much too well-man-nered” to resort to mob violence, bombings, threats or other vulgar measures to keep Negroes out of their schools. Eut they are just as adamantly opposed to integration as anyone in Little Rock, Clinton or New Orleans. So, when the county was confronted with a court order to desegregate its public schools beginning in the fall of 1959, the white leaders simply shut down the public school system. Since that time, the 1,500 white children have continued their educaion in a well-run sysem of private schools,, financed largely through “tuition grants” from the state and county governments. The same tuition grants are

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available to Negro children, and white businessmen have offered to help set up private schools for them, too. But the Negro community has declined to have anything to do with this arrangement, which it regards as a device for perpetuating segregation. About 300 of the county’s Negro children have been sent away to schools in other areas. But at least 1,400 Negro boys and girls are still in the county, and for the past two years, they have had no education worthy of the name. Some of them show up for two or three hours a day at “training centers” which Negro adults have set up in church basements, rural shacks and other makeshift quarters. But many of them, especially the older boys, simply gander aimlessly around the streets. Last month the U.S. Department of Justice, intervening for the first time as a plaintiff in a desegregation case, asked the federal court in Richmond to older the reopening of Prince Edward’s public schools. To enforce compliance, the Justice Department proposed cutting off tax funds from all public schools in the state of Virginia until free public education is resumed in Prince Edward County. Federal Judge Oren R. Lewis heard arguments on the case May 8-9, and promised an early decision. “It has worked," said Dr. Carl F. Hansen, “far better than anyone dared to hope.” Dr. Hansen is superintendent of schools in Washington, D.C. Washington has historically been a “southern city” in its racial practices. Until the Supreme Court ruling seven years ago, it had a segregated public school system, in which Negroes outnumbered whites 6-4. As the nation’s capital, Washington was expected to set ah example of prompt and peaceful compliance with the court decree. School authorities accepted the challenge, and ordered complete integration at all grade levels In the fall of 1954. There were a few initial demonstrations and an attempted “strike” by white students, but firm disciplinary action quickly restored order. “We’ve had no serious Rouble since then,” said Dr. Hansen. “I think it has been proved here,” said Dr. Hansen, “that Negro children can learn as well as anyone else when they have a fair opportunity, and that deseg-

regation can be carried out successfully, without harm to children o# either race, wherever there is a firm will to teckle the task.” O -i ® 20 Years Ago Today o O May 17. 1941 — The Decatur Catholic high school will graduate 30 sehiors June 6, the largest number in the school’s history. The Delta Theta Tau sorority will celebrate its 25th anniversary in Decatur with a luncheon at the American Legion home June 1. Seven Army fliers were killed in two seperate crashes durng a severe storm in Ohio. The Hooven, Owens, Rentschler Co.,.parent oompany of the Decatur Casting Co., has been awarded a contract of $6,493,500 for construction of 13 submarine chasers. The British Navy has lost 11,285 officers and men killed and missing since the begnning of the war. 0 ini ■ . " i ■ ■ -o Modem Etiquette By Roberta Lee O “• Q. What do you sugest as rules of good taste for a business girl who smokes at her office? A. Above all, she should be tidy about it. Empty the ashtray frequently so it won’t look messy and smoulder unpleasantly. Don’t working with a cigarette hanging out of your mouth, and never carry one with you when you go into the boss’ office to take dictation. Q. If a bride's mother is married for the second time, and the stepfather is almost as close to the brkte as a parent, how should her wedding invitations reaabyou weddng invitations read? A. “Mr. and Mrs. Paul R. Harmon request the honour of your presence at the marriage of their daughter, Mary Ellen Thompson, etc.” Q. I’ve just been told that it is improper for a perkoh, even when dining alone, to read at the table. Is this true? A. Your informant is poorlyinformed. There nothing at all wrong with a person, who is dinng alone, reading at the table. Mrs. John R. Ramsey was the bile coast-to-coast. I n 1909 she fclie coast-tocoast. a ln 1909 she drove from San Francisco to New York.

WBPWMDAY. W*t tt, **

• O I Home hold Scrapbook I By ROBERTA LSB I 0 mm <■>*» o Hartiy Shoe Reek* Make your ow» shoe rack by nailing a metal curtain rod on the back of your closet door. Hang your shoes by their heels over this rod. If necessary, use the whole back of the closet door, nailing several rods one below the other and allowing sufficient space between the rows so that your shoes won’t touch. Darkened Silver Eggs sometimes have away of darkening your precious silver, and these dark stans can be removed with some moist salt. Finish by washing, in ammopia water. Good Aa New Screws with mangled heads can be made as good as new by reslotting their heads with a hacksaw. The world’s first gasoline service station was opened in Seattle, Wash., in the spring of 1907. The U. S. Chamber of Commerce estimates that California will have 7.8 million motor vehicles registered for 1960. The deepest well in the world was drilled in 1959 in Texas. It cost $3 million and was five miles deep. But it reaped nothing but geological specimens. Shivering is nature’s way of generating heat. When the human body feels cold, a tiny section at the rear of the brain stimulates shivering and simultaneously constricts surface blood vessels to hold body heat. Production per acre on western cropland has increased 31 per cent since 1940. For the U. S. as a whole, the production is up 19 per cent. California is *•’ an important commercial producer of more than 200 agricultural products. California’s food packing and processing industry handles onethrid of the U. S. total. “ - The giant kelp is the fastest growing plant on earth.