Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 59, Number 107, Decatur, Adams County, 6 May 1961 — Page 4

PAGE FOUR

DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT Published Every Evening Except Sunday by THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT CO., INC. ■itsrid at the Decatur, Ind., Post Office as Second Class Matter Dick D. Heller, Jr. President John G. Heller — Vice-President Chas. Holthouse Secretary-Tneaeurer Subscription Batea By Mail in Adams and Adjoining Counties: One year, 18.00; Six months, $4-25; 3 months, $2.25. By Mail, beyond Adams and Adjoining Counties: One year, 80.00; 6 months, $4.75; 3 months, $2.50. By Carrier. 35 cents per week. Single copies, 7 cents. Gov. Welsh on Education Speaking to the Indiana Congress of Parents and Teachers last Wednesday, Gov. Matthew E. Welsh gave the following remarks concerning education in Indiana. “Making a school good is much more than simply providing enough money. It entails a sympathetic, cooperative and informed interest in the needs of the school and its professional staff. It means being alert constantly to needed improvements, and then seeing that these improvements are made. “It means recognizing the need for continually upgrading the educational system of our communities and doing something constructive about it. It means working, and working hard, to give our children the best possible education. “In this the Parent-Teachers Associations throughout Indiana have done yeoman service. When funds haven’t been available from tax money, the PTA’s have gone out and raised the money by voluntary solicitations, bake sales, and other fund-raising activities. “When more hands are needed to help with classroom activities, the PTA’s supply the manpower, or should I say more accurately, the woman-power... “PTA’s substitute informed, constructive effort for uninformed criticism. The PTA’s recognize that local control means local responsibility, and they accept this responsibility in actively working to make their own schools better for their own children. “Better schools for our children depend, in the final ananysis, on local citizens accepting this responsibility for making their schools better, and doing something about it. In this the Parent-Teacher Associations of the state are helping to lead the way.” Editorial Writer Today Dick D. Heller, Jr.

TV PROGRAMS

Central Daylight Time

WANE-TV Channel 15 SATURDAY Afte Miami 12:09—Sky King 12:30—Star Performance 12:55—Baseball 4:oo—Kentucky Derby 4:4s—Newsreel Album s:oo—Our Miss Brooks 5:20 —I Dove Lucy r 6:3o—Science Fiction Theater 7:oo—San Francisco Beat 7:3o—Perry Mason B:3o—Cheekmate 9:3o—Have Gun—Will Travel ro:oo—Gunsmoke 10:30 —Brothers Brannagan 11:00 —Armored Attack SUNDAY Morning: B:oo—Faith for Today B:3o—This is the Life 9:oo—Lamp Unto My Feet 9:3o—Look Up and Live 10:00—Frontiers in Science 10:30—Camera 3 11:90—Washington Conversation 11:30—Accent 11:55—CBS News Afternoon 12:00—Focus I 12:30 —Star Performance I:oo—Science Fiction Theater 1:25—Baseball ' 4:30 Star Performance 5:00 —Amateur Hour s:3o—Hi Quiz Evening 6:oo—Mr. Ed 6:30—20th Century 7:00 —Lassie 7:3o—Dennis the Menace 8:00—Ed Sullivan 9:OO—G.E. Theater 9:3>—Jack Benny lOM — Candid Camera 1 10:30 —What's My Line tl:00 —Sunday News Special 11:15—Hers to Hold MONDAY *7^os—This Day ’6l 8:00—CBS News B:ls—Captain Kangaroo 9:00 —Coffee Cup Theater 10:15 —Debbie Drake Show 10:30-—Video Village 11:00 —Double Exposure 11:30—Your Surprise Package Afternoon 12:00 —Love of Life 12:30—Search for Tomorrow 12:45 —Guiding Light I:oo—Ann Colone Show I:2s—News 1:30 —As the World Turns 2:oo—Face the Facts 2:30 —Houseparty 3:00 —Millionaire 3:3o—Verdict Is Yourz 4:00 —Brighter Day 4:ls—Secret Storm 4:3o—Edge of Night s:oo—Dance Date Evening 6:oo—Life of Riley 6:3o—Tom Calenberg—news 6:4s—Doug Edwards —news 7:oo—Johnny Midnight 7:30—T0 Tell The Truth B:oo—Pete and Gladys B:3o—Bringing Up Buddy 9:oo—Danny Thomas 9:3o—Andy Griffith 10:00—Hennesey 10:30 —June Allyson 11:00—Phil Wilson—News 11:15 —She Couldn’t Take It WKJG-TV Channel 33 SATURDAY Afternoon 12:00 —True Story 12:30 —Baseball 3:00 —Two Gun Playhouse 4:oo—Dective's Diary 4:Bo—Hopalong Cassidy 5:00 —Bowling Stars s:3o—faptain Gallant from Chicago 7:oo —Cannonball 7:30 —Bonanza • ■ B:3o—The Tall Man 3:00 —Deputy „ 9:3o—The Nations Future 10:30Close-Up 11:00 —The Saturday Edition 11:15—Random Harvest SUNDAY Chrlntophnrs 1:30 —Americans at Work A 45—How Christian Science flMls 10:00—Sacred Heart Program 10:U—Industry on tirade 10:30—Tide Is «be Life 11:00 —Cartoon Time j i Afternoon ' , 12:00—My Friend St. Leger 12:30—The Catholic Hour 1 Baseball 3:80 —Adventure Parade 4:oo—Tournament of Champions s:o9—The Big Picture 5 180—Philharmonic Orchestra Teen Concert

7:oo—Shirley Temple 8:00 National Velvet B:3o—Tab Hunter Show 9;00 —Chevy Show 10:00—Loretta Yopng Show 10:30— This is ¥ohr Lite 11:90—The Sunday Edition 11:15 —Lassie Come Home MONDAY Morning 6:3o—Continental Classroom 7:oo—Today 9:oo—Engineer John 9:Bo—Editor’s Desk 9:55 —Faith to Live By 10:00—Say When £lay Your Hunch 11.00—The Price Is Right 11:30—Concentration Afternoon 12:00—News 12:10 —Weatherman 12:15—Farms and Farming 12:30—1t Could Be You 12:55—N8C News Day Report I:oo—Truth or Consequences 1:30— The Burns and Allen Show 2:oo—Jan Murray 2:3o—Loretta Young 3:oo—Young Dr. Malone 3:3o—From These Roots 4:oo—Make Room For Daddy 4:Bo—Here’s Hollywood 5:00—rBozo Show Evening 6:oo—Gatesway to Sports 6:ls—Jack Gray—News 6:25 —Weather 6:3o—Pete Smith 6:4s—Huntly-Brinkley Report 7:oo—Brave Stallion 7:30 —The Americans B:3o—Tales of Wells Fargo 9:oo—Whispering Smith 9:3o—Concentration 10:00—Barbara Stanwyck 10:30—Best of the Post 11:00—News & Weather 11:15—Sports Today i .Jr 11:20—Jack Paar. ;i~T WPTA-TV Channel 21 SATURDAY Afternoon 11:40—Davey and Goliath 12:00—Agriculture Avenues 12:30—Civil Defense I:oo—The Big Picture I:3o—Baseball 4:OO—ABC Fall Football Preview Evening 7:oo—The Law and Mr. Jones 7:3o—Leave it to Beaver B:oo—Lawrence Welk 9:oo—Fight of the Week 9:45—-Make That Spare 10:00—Roaring 20’s , ■ 11:00 —Playboy’s Penthouse 12:00—Confidential File SUNDAY Afternoon IK-OO—Herald of Truth 11:30—Oral Roberts 12:00—Assembly of God 12:30—Pip, the Piper I:oo—Directions ’6l I:3o—Baseball 4:oo—Roundup USA 4:3o—The Story s:oo—Matty’s Funday Funnies ! s:3o—Rocky and His Friends Evening 6:oo—Sunday ShoWeftee 6:30 —Walt Disney 7:3o—Maverick B:3o—Lawman 9:oo—Rebel 9:3o—The Asphalt Jungle « 10:30—Winston Churchill 11:00—Magic Fire MONDAY Morning 9:so—Caught Plastered 11:00—Morning Court—.—11:30—Love that Bob Afternoon 12:00—Camouflage 12:25—A8C News 12:30—Number Please 12:55—A8C News 1:00—About Faces 1:80 —The Spy 2:00 —Day In Court 2:3o —Seven Keys 3:oo—Queen for a Day 3:30 —Who Do You Trust 4:Oo —American Bandatand s:oo—Armored Car s:3o—Rin Tin Tin Evening 6:oo—Popeye and Rascals Show 6:3o—Quick Draw McGraw 7:oo—Popeye & Rascals Show 7:lo—Clutch Cargo 7:ls—News / 7:3o—Cheyenne , B:Bo—Surfside 6 9:3oAdventures in Paradise 1 10:30—Peter Gunn 11:4W—S«a of Lost Ships MOVIE* ADAMS “101 Dalmatians" Fri. 7:35; 9:30 Sat. 1:45; 3:40; 5335; 7:30; 9:25 Sun. 1:50; 3:45; 5:40; 7:35; 9:30 DRIVE IN i “Tess of the Storm Country" Fri. & Sat. 8:15 “Marriage-Go-Round" 9:45. "Flaming Star” Sun. i Mon. 8:15 “It Started in Naples 10:60.

County Agent’s Corner~|

Ten Great Myths About Agriculture The following article by Arthur Mauch appeared in Michigan Farm Economics, a publication of Michigan State University. It is included since it concerns a subject of interest to all farm producers. 1. AGRICULTURE IS A DECLINING INDUSTRY! False! Number of farmers are decreasing. But this is a sign of progress and economic growth, not stagnation and decline. Farmers are feeding 20 percent more people than they did 10 years ago. They are doing it with 5 percent less land under cultivation, on 20 percent fewer farms, and with 20 percent less labor. In that time, capital inputs (the amount of capital invested in the farm business) have increased 30 percent, and there has been a fantastic increase in technology and management capacity. Farmers have advanced into an age of specialization and efficiency. Agriculture includes more than farming. While only 7 million people work on farms, 8 million produce goods and services purchased by farmers, and 11 million process and distribute farm products. 2. THERE IS JUST ONE FARM PROBLEM! False! There are many farm problems. Os course the one that attracts the most attention politically is the surplus problem. It is important. We now produce about 8 percent more each year than can be sold at current prices. This inbalance between the level of total output and the demand for farm products results in a price level which prevents farmers from earning returns somewhat comparable to others who invest equivalent [ capital, labor and management in nonfarm enterprises. The subsistance farm, or underemployment problem, in agriculture may be even more important to our national economy. Inefficient small operators—the 50 percent that produce less than 10 percent of the farm products sold—makes poor use of the human, financial, and natural resources involved. One could compile quite a list of additional problems not the least of which would be the uncertainty resulting from the weather. 3. IF FARMERS WERE .AS EFFICIENT AS OTHER INDUSTRIES THEY WOULDN’T BE IN TROUBLE! False! The fact is that the fantastic increase in efficiency of the U. S. Farmer has been a major element in the surplus problem and low farm income. Production per man-hour on our farms has increased 90 percent since 1947-49, compared with only 32 percent in the nonfarm economy. However, most of the benefit or farm efficiency has accrued to the consumer in low cost, better quality foods. There is, however, much skepticism about the regime’s statements attributing the shortages entirely to damages from natural hazards. The question of whether natural hazards are being overstressed and used as an alibit can not be ruled out or easily resolved. The basis of this suspicion is this: As the 1960 season progressed, China appeared to be experiencing a poor season though not a materially worse one than in 1951. The possibility that the authorities would be an ex post facto summary over-stress damage from natural hazards to provide an exuuse for tightening rationing so as to continue exporting farm products comes to mind. Also there is considerable precedent of the regime fusing natural hazards in Molding public opinion, with the depth of damage set to fit the point to be made. One such practice is to play up

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natural calamities to create the proper public mood for turning out work battalions to carry out off-season flood control and water conservancy work. Another use in the propaganda field is to provide a suitable background for pointing up how effective the sommunes are in reducing the ravages of China’s ancient plagues—drought and floods. Used this way, natural hazards are first magnified; then the spokesman points out that owing to “superiority of the communes and effective party leadership what would have been a national catastrophe before has now been reduced to manageable proportions.” Also in 1960, there was another factor, another reason, for suspecting that natural hazards might be over-stressed. It has been obvious for some time that Chinese grain production statistics for 1958, even though revised downward from 375 million metric tons to 250 million, are still too high by at least 50 million

tons. This unrealistic statistical situation got further away from reality when 1959 production was put at 270 million. Actually production declined. Natural hazards could, and it has seemed likely for some time would, be used to provide the least embarrassing way to put 1960 production back to some place around the pre-1958 level, the year before the “great leap forward” began. It is a good bet that this will be done. It was after this year that radical statistical manipulations began. The foregoing is not to suggest that the Communist Chinese are not in ar. extremely tight spot, but to point out that the causes are far more complex than the explanation offered implies. It is also important in forming a; judgement as to whether the cur-1 rent situation is only temporary or a chronic problem brought oni by factors that a good 1961 crop can alleviate, but can not re- • move. I To dismiss the natural hazards lightly, however, would certainly miss the point. The fact that the regime chose to publicize and continued to play up natural calamities at this time is significant in the light of other moves being taken. Regardless of the causes of shortages, a very convincing clue, to the seriousness with which the regime regards the situation is provided by the presence of Chinese buyers in world grain markets spending scarce foreign exchange for food items. This the government has steadfastly refused to do in any significant amount during several previous periods of stress. This action, more than anything else, suggests that the authorities feel themselves in a tighter spot than at any time heretofore. The current question is: Does China face widespread famine or another year of critical shortages' in the spring and early summer for those areas hardest hit by drought, ' floods, typhoons and| other natural hazards? In brief are the shortages spotty or gen-| eral? This is a highly significant question and one that can not be answered conclusively. There is neither sufficient statistical —information nor on-the-spot observations to provide a clean answer. One farm worker now feeds himself and 27 others. Only 30 years ago he could feed only 9 others. Only one out of every 10 of our workers in this country are on the farm. The other nine are available to produce such things as our defense, our government services, and the conveniences and luxuries that gives us the highest level of living in the world. 4. THE FAMILY TYPE FARM IS ON ITS WAY OUT! False! The family farm is undergoing changes but it is not on the way

out It has had to change to order to survive. It to becoming larger, it requires more skills, it takes more capital. . Bus stflJ, as has always been the case to America, most of our farm production comes from farms on which the capital, the labor, and the management are supplied mostly by the farmer and his family. Hie percentage of our agricultural production which is turned out by family-size farms has not changed appreciably in the last 15 years. The family farm has withstood inflation, depression, war, drought and other disasters. It is withstanding the impact of a technological revolution. If by a family farm is meant a unit too small to be efficient, too poor to afford machinery, earning a return too low for an acceptable level of living, then one must agree that the number of such farms is diminishing. But if by a family farm one means a farm big enough to provide a full time job, using up-to-date equipment, with labor, capital and management supplied mostly by the farmer and his , family, then the family farm is holding its own. , Farming now is primarily a , commercial business involving , huge capital investments rattier ; than a “way of life’’ as it was , 50 or 75 years ago. < 5. FARMERS GET $6 OR $7 ' BILLION IN SUSIDIES EVERY , YEAR FROM THE GOVERN- ’ MENT. False! If this were true t it would mean that about two- ( thirds of the net farm income , came from the tax-payers. Actually, of the $5,706,000,000 , spent in the U.S.D.A. budget and charged to farmers in 1960, $2,- ■ 622,000,000 were for programs de- , signed directly and predominant- . ly for the benefit of farmers. This , part included $244,000,000 for the , Agricultural Conservation program, $370,000,000 for the Soil ( Bank, $74,000,000 for the Sugar j Act, and $1,934,000,000 for price , supports and related programs of the Commodity Credit Coipor- - ation. (It should be noted that ■ $744,000,000 of the last figure went j for storage and $513,000,dv0 for j interest and much of this was paid to non-farmers.) , Programs having multiple benefits and not directly chargeable to farmers amounted to $3,084,000,000. They include $1,490,000,000 for farm products used in foreign countries for defense and eco-j nomic development (including j Public Law 480.) They include $342,000,000 for school lunch and other welfare food distribution programs. They include ,$376,000,000 for REA and FHA loans which are subject to repayment, with interest. And finally there | are $676,000,000 for long-range programs for the general public’s: benefit; included are expendituresj for research, education, and inspection, disease and pest control,; and forest and public land man-! agemcnt. Another misconception is that] farmers alone are subsidized. i The House Committee on | propriations published in the heari ings on the" Agricultural Appropriations Bill for the fiscal year ; 1959 a table setting forth certain ' Federal expenditures in recent 1 years for business aids and special services. This showed: — . ■ Mail subsidies (10-year period 1946-56) - - $5,968,000,000. Post World War II business reconversation payments < including | tax amortization) $43,262,000,000. Subsidies to maritime organizations <1938 through fiscal 1957) — $3,500,000,000. Subsidies to airlines (1938 through fiscal 1957 — $614,000,000. There is no way to arrive at the dimensions of the benefits accru-

ATTENTION FARMERS and DEALERS MINIMUM TILLAGE DEMONSTRATION — WEDNESDAY, MAY 10 10:00 A. M. til 3:00 P. M. To Be Held At: OTTO THIEME FARM, 3*/ 2 Miles East of Decatur on U. S. 224 THURSDAY, MAY 11 - 10 A. M. to 3 P. M. at 808 GEVERS FARM 3'/ 2 Miles Northwest of Hoagland on Wayne Tface This is the First Public Demonstration of the New Yetter Power Driven Minimum Tillage Tool in this area. This Modern Machine eliminates your present costly method of seed bed preparation. If you are interested in Minimum Tillag don't miss this opportunity to see this power driven tool in operation. This machine will be in production for the 1962 planting season. Sponsored in Co-operation with DIERKES IMPLEMENT SALES YETTER MANUFACTURING CO. COLCHESTER, ILL.

ing to industry and labor aver the years as a result of Government actions such as the tariff and minimum wage and collective bargaining laws, fast tax writeoffs for depreciation, and the depletion allowances lor producers of oil and minerals. A significant pant of our industrial establishment operates today on Government defense and other non-competitive contracts, with normal risks, and with profits assured. Some 50 of the Nation's largest corporations have received SBO billion in Government contracts during the past 5 or 6 years. ' In one year the U. S. Post Office department subsidized magazines to the extent of $38,775,000. Most subsidies to business and labor are paid for by the consumers in higher prices and are bard to add up. Most farm subsidies however appear in the tax budget which is under continual scrutiny. Subsidies are not necessarily bad. We have uses subsidies since our government was established and most of our technological development and economic growth was initiated and speeded up by subsidies. America’s infant industry, without the aid of subsidy laws in the early years after the formation of this independent Nation, would have beer, slow to develop and the emergence of the United States as a world power could have been retarded for many years. Had there been no subsidy in the form of extensive assistance to railroads in spanning the continent, the settlement and development of the West would have been retarded for years.

The age of air travel in America, unless aided by subsidy, would have been late in arriving, and the contribution of airpower I to our military preparedness would have been slowed down. Without subsidy, no commercial seagoing ships—perhaps even now—would be built on American shores. 6. FARMERS NEVER SUBSIDIZE OTHER PARTS OF THE ECONOMY! False! Farmers are taxpayers and as such they share in paying the costs of unemployment compensation, marine subeidies, oil depletion allowances, airline subsidies, and the like. In addition, farmers are both consumers and producers. In both these capacities they pay more for items which are protected by tariffs. This increase then becomes an income transfer to others. There are other ways in which farmers subsidize other groups. For example, faripers. because of the increasing productive capacity lof United States agriculture and i because of the high birth rate m farm families, rear more people than can be productively employe jed in farming. These folks be- ; come members of the nonfarm la- ; bor force. Thus we find farm 1 people supporting substantial ini vestment, both public and priv-‘ I ate. In the education of farm I youth who then become part of the nonfarm labor force 7. FOOD COSTS ARE HIGH. False! We spend less for food now than in all our history and less than any other country in Hhe world in relation to our income. M The “Consumers Price Index,” commonly known as the “cost of Irving index.” is now 128. This means that <jhings consumers buy . cost on the average 28 percent ; i more than they did in 1947-49. the , | years used as a base. The index -i of food prices, however, is only - 120. As we earn more money, we J Increase our expenditures for food, though at a slower rate J than our income increases. In 111947, our $46 billion food bill took

> 27 percent of our national Income.’ ; The nearly S7O taffitan we spent to I 1958 tapped only about M percent : of our income. ■ The “bargains” are even more • startling, as we look at food cost ) through the eyes of the average American factory worker. He . now spends only 23 percent of his ■ earnings for food. Only 10 years ago he was spending 35 percent; . 20 years ago, 41 percent, and 30 years ago, he epent 48 percent, i or nearly half of his earnings for . food. . 8. THE HIGHER COST OF ; FOOD IS DUE TO GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS! False! In 1952, milk prices were supported at 90 percent of parity (about 53.85 a hundred pounds) qpd we paid about 22.8 cents a quart. In 1959, supports were 77 percent of parity (about $3.08 * hundred pounds) and the cost to us bad risen to 24.2 cents a quart. While support prices dropped 20 percent, milk prices increased 6 percent

In 1948, wheat was supported at 90 percent of parity, or $2.00 a bushel. Consumers were paying less than 14 cents for a one-pound loaf of bread. In 1959, wheat was supported at 75% of parity, or $1.77 a bushel. Consumers paid nearly 20 cents for a loaf of bread. So. while support for wheat dropped 11 percent, t h e price increased 42 percent. The main reasons for high retail prices include inflation, increased cost of marketing, and consumer demand for more services as part of their food pur9. SINCE WE HAVE FARM SURPLUSES WE DON’T NEED ANY MORE RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS FOR AGRICULTURE! False! Despite the fact that we now have surplus agricultural products and are likely to experience continuing surpluses over the next decade with or without continuing research and educational programs for agriculture we have every reason to believe that a stopping of all research and education would, within 15 to 25 years, put real pressure on our food supply. In 1975 we’ll need about 130 to 135 percent of present output. After that we’ll need even more. In the recent political campaign we heard that the U. S. was lagging behind Russia and many other countries in economic growth. You will recall that our position in agriculture was overlooked. We are the envy of the world in farm production, and in the research and extension system that plays such a big part in supplying the know-how for his superiority. Can we afford to curtail this program which has helped us to out-compete the rest of the world and enable us to be productive enough to afford to aid less fortunate nations to combat the Communist menace which hovers over them today? If we are to help individual farmers we have no choice but to discover and spread the information about how they can do a more effective job of farming and thus increase their income. The first to take advantage of new methods increase their incomes. Later it is true others nave to adopt tne new methods to keep up, but the society as a whole benefits from cheaper food and fiber. With a more efficient agricul--1 tore, resources formerly used by ; agriculture can be released for use in providing more cars, boats, ; television sets, leisure, and the . like. 10. FARMERS SHOULD

f clean up • paint up • fix up WX * ‘ v ‘ A J V / ‘ A' - f. ,f 1 X ' . low-cost loans for y homo repair and modernization a4 w easily arranged— v 1 /T J e°me in and apply I * " -r X 1 5 ' May a* bJdttoMaS Movtiu IRSTSTATE BANK Kstablished 1883 MEMBER MEMBER F. D. I. C. Federal Reserve

, MAY 8, MP

AGREE ON A PROGRAM BEFORE THEY ASK FOR. HELP! Pniga! There are nearly 4 million fanners. Only about half of them really count in the market place. Some of the commercial farmers produce perishables; others produce storable commodities. Some products require no processing; others have 90 percent of the value added after they leave the form. Some produce products that must be exported;; other produce products that compete with imports. Some produce feed; others buy their feed. Some are near 'a market; others have a transportation problem. Some use migrant labor; others are completely mechanized. These physical, social, economic, and even political differences (Continued on page five)

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