Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 58, Number 43, Decatur, Adams County, 20 February 1960 — Page 6

PAGE SIX

a Jfc * I ________________________________— ———■ PROCLAMATION The Deeahir »r« dependent foe their livrllbooda upon aur xetural res*wr<*«-»-*oiU. wsier. h*’’*'* t»s*-i‘”' d ’. minerab and wildlife The** <'<*tribute IX hundred, at ways Io the growth and grwtatimrni <rf the .late’. Indus com ~ metre and .gticutfure, We also the nrrxl <x *B’ rn Hgr»»—the wildernr.. and scenic areas. field. forest*. grate* Ural* water* end ahorelin**—that ere *o vitally impiwtent to the ph' steal and meatal well being at the «ver-mcr**»iag num her. at citizens who find plea»ure and relaxation in the out-or- * * _a I The week at March >0 through 28 Will be observed sems* • the Mtma at National Wildlife Week This it a ume set a»lde fur pruplr to give .peels I attention to the problem at providing proper care for the land, and water, upon which all of us depend The IMW Wildlife Wr*k program focuses attention on the growing need for protecting uur depleted water supplies that play such an essential role in almost every pha.e or our dally hvet- in our hornet, bu»lne»»c», Industrie. and In providing ut with wholesome recreation . Water—at one of our most precious natural assets—hat suffered severely from Man’, neglect Pollution, drainage burning and mistreatment of forest*. abuse of farmland*, and other wasteful practice, have led to critical «horatge which are faced today by many communities within our state and throughout the na'ion To restore our water supplies and to provide for growing population., people must study our water needs and contribute actively to plans for sound, long-range water conservation program* , This is a responsibility that must be shared by citizens of Decatur I. therefore. proclaim that National Wildlife Week will be observed in Decatur. March 20-28 IMO. as an occasion for creating public awareness of our nation’s growing water problem*, and I urge the people of our city to study and support those programs that will provide protection for this most important resource. Donald F. Gage. Mayor

Os This And That By Lois M. Folk Home Demonstration Agent I* you would visit our office now. you would not only find us busy with winter activities, but planning for Spring and Summer. At present we, along with many 4-H leaders, are beginning another 4-H club year. National 4-H club week begins March 7 and enrollment ends in Adams County on March 15. To you this means that your sons and daughters will be needing your opinion on what to take and you will be signing enrollment cards. If you don’t know who your local 4-H leaders are, let us know. ** —’ “Scoopy Party for Young Homemakers Last Monday evening, fifty girls enrolled for the series of classes for Young Hdshe makers. The group will meet in two sessions, one will meet in Berne Monday evenings beginning February 29; and the other group will meet in RASH Insurance Agency 224 N. 12th Street ' ffi&n fIMMCwr fM 00 fhM gfota, taftt gwttw—tig hart Itfs tripls OMOOTriiia,lkiriiawitto«t smoko. Sold axslxaively by lonsj, !»<•»•■- L-'tH dmeJloot-Wlag Beavers ™ Oil Service, Inc.

fWIWEM bibber footwear *8” Regular $11.95 — NO *l — robber footwear s 7” Regular $10.95 NOW RUBBER FOOTWEAR $6" ■ — NOW SHC£S OWN FttDAY A SATURDAY

I Decatur Thursday and Tuesday* evenings beginning March 3 The I party was in charge of the Young I Homemakers' Steering Committee consisting of: Mrs. Richard Augsburger. Mrs. Richard Marbach. i 1 Mrs. Dale Fruechte,' Mrs Jerry i Price, Mrs. Leonard Schwartz, I Mrs. Earl Sprunger. and Mrs Darrell Arnold Refreshments were served by Mrs. Dan Striker, and | Mrs. Sheldon Wagley. Mrs. Ksrjmit Yoder and Mrs. Richard Ev- . erett helped by making cookies, ri There is still time to enroll in - the classes if you wish. Call or t write the Adams County Extension I Office, Decatur. I — — e I Potatoes. Potatoes ti One out of every five potatoes i you eat is processed in some way ■ lor another. Every year new potato -1 products are coming to market 'land people welcome them. For ext ample, the instant mashed potar toes have been very well accepted. This product eliminates peeling and pre-cooking, and most people [are satisfied with the flavor. The frozen French fries have been sell- ; j ing well, too. These are a money 5 , saver if you consider the cost of: ~ the fat you would use to French fry your own. Actually, most peor pie won’t bother French frying potatoes at home and this gives them j menu variety with little work. Also - in the frozen potato line are baked, stuffed potatoes ready for the ovlen. (By the way. you can freeze I your own stuffed, baked potatoes if you wish.) Diced potatoes, potato patties and potato soup are I other recent frozen potato proi ducts. Potato chips are by far the most popular of all the processed ‘ potato foods. "De-Starched” or Plow calorie" potato chips do have of the fat used jin. frying the chips. The fat contributes more calories than the attrch does anyway. j" 1 — - pork and carrots are both good buys right now. Carrots are comiiftg out of cold storage and they Bare tender with a wonderful sweet flavor and little care. For supper .this week you might try this recipe for variety, and save money too. Cosmopolitan Pork Steaks 6 pork blade steaks, cut 1” thick 2 Tablespoons of lard or drippings 1 tsp. salt ¥s tsp. pepper 4 to 6 medium carrots cut lengthwise __ l ean (10*6 oz.) condensed mushroom soup. Brown pork in lard or drippings over low heat. Pour off drippings. Season with salt and pper. Add soup and carrots, cover tightly and simmer one hour or until-done. Serves 6. I I ....

Fertilization Program Should Be Tailored To Fit Each Farm

Efficiency tn the use of fertilizer -.houid be the key word for every farmer. Thi* ha* been borne out by the <’Mprtiencv of several farmers in , Virginia who have found that they •an reduce their per-unit coeta by implementing a sound fertilization program tailored to their individual farms. In moat cane*, thia has meant an increase in the use of fertilizer on each acre already under production, along with other good management practices In outlining such a fertilization program, each farm must be analyzed to determine the fertilizer I practice* best suited for the farmer's individual farming operation By applying research information and utilizing fertilizer moat e*lcientiy. thr farm operator cao held solve the question of how to trim his per-unit costs. Fertilizer continues to be one nf the best "buys" the farmer can make. A price comparison for the last 20 to 25 years shows that the I price of fertiliser has nut increased as much as have other goods and services that a farmer buys While fertilizer prices (on a tonnage basis) increased more than 50 percent during this period, other fixed costs have risen much higher. (Fertilizer prices in terms of plant food content, are only slightly higher than they were In 1939 Prices of all items farmers buy have advanced 146 percent in the same period. In 1939. the plant food content of an average ton of fertilizer was 20.3 percent Today, it averages 30 2 percent This increase in plant food content has practically offset the 51 percent increase in the average price per ton of fertilizer. Thus, on the basis of what actually is in the bag, the cost of fertilizer today is less than 2 percent more than it was in 1939.) Wage rates have risen 369 percent; farm machinery, 136 percent; and farm supplies, 110 percent. This means that fertilizer, when used properly, can be substituted profitably for additional land, labor, and supplies. In other words, a farmer in most: instances should try to attain the| high production potential of the! land that he is presently farming, thus increase the efficiency of his operation. However, this does not mean that additional land could not be incorporated into the present operation. Interest and participation in aq educational soils and fertilizerlime program in Virginia is rapidly growing. It is felt that just as soils are basic in the production of plants, so is an educational soils program essential in assisting farmers to attain the most economic yields from their crops.The following points are considered fundamental in working old an efficient forttfization and liming program: t •; * ’ : . T 1. Know jjoil: It has been said that every soil has Its proper use.” Because of the different characteristics of soils, their use, management, And potential are quite different. For example, fluecured tobacco, alfalfa, and iadfrtotall grass pastures can be grown successfully .on quite different soils. ", 2. Select the crops to be grown: Different crops and their utilization require different fertilizer and lime programs. Alfalfa and corn are examples of two crops that require different management practices. 3. Know the past history: This is important in making fertilizer and lime recommendations and should include a record of crops, fertilization, liming and other management practices, taking into consideration any unusual conditions. 4. Use the soil test: The soil test can be a valuable aid in determining the fertilizer and lime needs for different soils and crops. Jt indicates the fertility level of the soil as well as the possible need for lime. The soil test, together with the other information, provides a scientific basis for correct fertilizer and lime usage. In addition to the four points above, other good farm manage-

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THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT DECATUR INDIANA

’I men! practie** must br Included if I th* farnwr Mi to attoiA efficient ' production i TVs put It another way, he might ’ very well find It to be more advinl*|H>ui in the short run to u»r i more of his available capital tor ■ other input* such as lime, improvi. rd livestock or new equipment On f the other bend, the well-estab-lished farmer with more adequate capital and established credit. | would find it profitable to pu»h in i. the direction of the real ‘'economic optimum." | Return* above variable expenses < I for corn and wlp-at show th* same j pattern as for sugar beets. The i "economic optimum " ta at the S3O fertilizer input when improved I 11 practices are used and 35 less i when only average production I practices are in operation. ' Farmers need to consider the ef‘feet on the income and expenses for the entire farm of using different amounts of fertilizer. A ! I study was made recently of the j effects on net income for a 130acre farm when fertilizer was applied at the "economic optimum" J and at lower rates. It was assum|,ed that a typical crop production I for this farm included 30 acres) fl each of sugar beets, corn, wheat and alfalfa-brome grass. The total cost of applying fertilizer at the most profitable rate on ■.this 120-acre farm would be $3,600 , ! i If this farmer reduced his fertDiz- ■ f! er expenditures by $5 per acre. i S6OO of his capital would be avail- • able for other purposes However. ; he could expect to reduce his net income by $239 This means that by investing this S6OO in fertilizer, i' he could expect a return on his ■ j money of 40 percent. II Hie SI,BOO required to supply the! i last sls per acre worth of fertilizer) needed for most profitable yields would produce a net return on the investment of $1,470, or 81 percent. This would seem to indicate that only under conditions of lim-) ited credit epn the farmer afford not to borrtiw money, if needed, toiapply fertilizer at the most profitable rate. Farmers often suffer even great>er losses in net income by not making good use of recommended, I varieties, improved production ’ practices and suitable technolo-' gies. Gross receipts, variable expenses and returns above variable expenses were calculated for the 120-acre farm when average and improved practices were used. When most economic quantities of fertilizer were applied, sugar beet yields were estimated at 14.8 i tons for average practices and 19.4 tons for improved practices. The het gain by using improved ratftoir than average practices was calCVljited as $38.74 per acre or sl,193.30 for the 30 acres. Net gains *j>er -acre would be $13.19 for corn, MLCI for wheat and $13.20 for al-|»lia-brome grass for a total of ' $2,352 for the 120 acres of crops grown. In- order to attain this high level ' of yields and returns, it would be . pecessary for rpany farmers to make substantial investments in ! tile drainage and improved mi- ; chinery. I Other improvements would require less investment but greater . annual expenditures for lime, better adapted seed, and spray material for weed and insect control. Practices such as minimum tillage would result in small additional investments but in substantial annual savings in fuel and other operating expenses. Purdue University entomologists ' recommend checking of bee hives during warm periods to determine whether the colonies are alive. Good management can largely prevent pregnancy disease in ewes, Purdue University veterinarians point out. Ewes should get plenty of exercise, and during the last six weeks of pregnancy should receive enough- grain to cause a slight, but steady increase in weight.

Com Contests Increase Yields, And Efficiency Washington. D. C—Own yield contests. familiar to moat “comi petillve spirited midwest farmer*. I have don* much to acquaint far- • mem arto agricultural worker* i with the yield potential of soils in [ their area and the need for production efficiency to get top profit!, University of Minnesota soil* specialist. C. J. Overdahl. reports. Reporting on Minnesota ! successful "Extra Profit" corn contest. Overdahl says that since the contest was initiated in 1953, both farmers and specialists have learned how corn yields can be profitably increased through right fertiliser usage. They have learned that corn stands must be high to get full benefit from feritilizers. For example. when populations were below 12.000 stalks per acre fertilizer increased yields only 6 bushel!. While with populations 16.000 or higher, fertilizers raiseu yields 23 bushels. These figures are from a 6-year average for all fields in the contest. They have learned how reliable soil tests are In predicting fertilizer needs. For example, when L. D. Hanson, also Minnesota soils specialist, used soil tests to classify various fields into high, medium, and low phosphate and potash content, he found that the fields checking high in these nutrients had a yield increase of only 22% when they received fertilizer. The fields checking medium showed a 45% yield increased And the fields checking low show-1 ed a whopping 142% yield increase by receiving high phosphate and potash fertilizer. The Minnesota specialists have decided to put future stress on the profit phase of the contest since yield data has begun to tell the same story every yekr. Each i year the high yield champion gets approximately 160 bushels per acre, and there is n» trend upward regardless of fertilizer rates, Overdahl reports. Complete details of Dr. Overdahl's report tan be secured by writing for Better Crops Report J-10-59. American Potash Institute, 1102 Sixteenth street, N. W., Washington, D. C. 125 State Fair Trips Available One hundred twenty-five State Fair Camp garden school trip awards will be available to Indiana 4-H club members and Future Farmers of America who enter the garden club and strawberry project program this year. '■ Roscoe Fraser, Purdue University extension horticulturist, and W. R. Amick, associate in 4-H work at Purdue, said awards would be distributed among the 92 counties. Garden club members may secure their seed from any source and be eligible for all prizes and awards. However, the FerryMorse Seed Company and the Sears-Roebuck Foundation are cooperating with the Indiana Junior ; Vegetable Growers and the Purdue agricultural extension department in furnishing garden seeds. Seeds, in group orders, will be sent post paid to local garden club leaders or agricultural agents. In addition to the State Fair trip awards for garden club and strawberry project winners, transportation and lodging expenses paid trips to the National Junior Vegetable Growers Association meeting will be given. Furnished by the Sears-Roebuck Foundation, theswill go to 10 or more youths who rank highest at the State Fair garden school. Two trips also will be awarded to the NJVGA to the boy

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Localion, Dales For FFA Sales Dele* and localton* for IMO 4-H and Future Farmer of America pig »•!»• have been announced by Ralph Bl*hop. *ecrvi*ry-lroa*urrr | of the Indiana Swine Breeder*' AsI sociaUon. L Date*, place* and manager*: •| April 29. Lafayette. Bob McKee. { Lafayette. ’ April 30. Greencattle. Warren I (Center, Jr.. Cr*wford*vilte. '| May 6. Rushville. Harry Cald- ‘ | well. Connersville. ' May T, Alexandria. Loren Smith. I I Hartford City. Ninety seven registered pigs I were sold at the tour sale* last j year. Animal*, donated by cooperating swine producers, are sold ' to 4-H and FFA members only Purdue University'* agricultural ; i extension service is co-operating i with the swine industry in the J sales, according to Eric Holm, co 1 ordinator of the pig sale project /and state 4-H staff member. I 1959 Was Bad >1 Year For Red Leaf In Oats • The worst outbreak of the Red ' Leaf disease of oats in history , struck Indiana and the other corn belt states in 1959. This disease, also called Yellow Dwarf, is present every year, according to Dr. Ralph M. Caldwell, Purdue University plant pathologist. But fortunately it does not always cause severe damage. The last preceding year of severe damage was 1949 when many farmers called the disease grey spot, because of the dead-grey color of straw of spots over the fields. Oats yield loss in the state in 1959 is estimated at about 25 percent. Early planted fields were less injured than late planted 1 fields. The disease is caused by a virus and spread by aphids or plant lice. Whenever large numbers of aphids appear in early May, the disease may be expected to be severe. 4 The symptoms of the disease are unmistakable. Young plants become stunted and leaves turn red or reddish yellow. If plants are attacked early, as in 1959, little grain is produced. If the disease comet later, the plants produce only small heads. “ Purdue Putman and Newton varieties were little damaged by red leaf in 1959. Seed of these varieties is available from certified seed growers and seed dealers. Putman has the highest yield record of any oat thus far tested in Indiana. It also produces the best test weight and quality of grain. Putman is the earliest oat available and is therefore recommended both in southern and northern Indiana where it has been the highest yielding variety available. Newton, nearly equal to Putnam in performance in 1959, is a high yielding variety over all of the statp. In most years it has had very strong straw equal to or better than other recommended varieties. One-half sack of almost any analysis of commercial fertilizer will enrich garden soil, say Purdue University horticulturists. It can be added to each spreader load of manure and broadcast before the garden is plowed. or girl with the highest score in vegetable judging at the State Fair. The 1960 NJVGA meeting will be held at Colorado Springs in December. Members of 4-H and FFA are urged to contact their county agricultural agent or vocational teacher for detailed information.

I _ - --—1 County Agent’s Corner | By L«<» N. WltenFlght | Na«taa*l 4 R M*ro* Ml I 4-H club work w*. pre*enl«J to v.rtou* .C4tou)» ™ two weeks *heed at N*U<to*l 4-H C iub Wrok *2,/'to five 4-H mrmt-e* ume to totak to* !*<**••" ***•*’*•'• their peronU .bout It. Each at the toc.l 4 H leader. thus h.xr oM»rtuaMy to art buy. *nd girl* formation <» bo. .nd • hr » rnTdl to their toeal club* TW- program* Wto* I'** 1 gr.tkxi <4 rovers! 4-H adult leader* and War Wul toll M to bow helpful they wero -

Feeder Pt* AeeUea 11 Some discussion *M sparked: 1 •* the result of a meeting l«*t week to explore the possibilities of ’ having a feeder pig auction in Ad- ■ am* County. FscillUc* to hold «uch an auction were offered by ■ Dan Steward of P. B Steward and] ■ Company Thl* i* the Berne-Ge- ( neva Sale Barn. Any reaction*. i suggestions. or criticia(n* to a program like thia would be welcomed by the county agent or Paul, Yoder, chairman of the swine com mittec Let us know! Juaier Cera Grower* Meeting i Daniel Lantz. Jr.. Ronald HaI beggcr, Gail Egly. Mr* Holman ■ Egly. and the county agent at-1 I tended the 6th Annual 4-H Junior Corn Growers Jamboree at Pur-, due University Saturday. Feb 13-1 , The meeting was very interesting ! ’ Il Included the showing of a new j film "Scientific and Selection. A. Must in Modern Farming" made. ' by the Indiana Croc Improvement; Association. It is an excellent film. The program was sponsored by< the Fertilizer Division of Indiana Farm Bureau Co-Op, the Indiana Crop Improvement Association, and the State 4-H Club Office. Certified Varieties • If you are interested in Indiana Certified Varieties, you might like a copy of our Key to Certified Varieties. It is published by the Seed Certification Service. Information is included on soybeans, glasses, legumes, oats, wheat, I and corn. Legumes i Late February and early March has proven to be a good time for broadcasting small seed legume i on frozen wheat ground. Nitrogen Nitrogen applied to wheat early i gives greater returns. Twentyfive to 30 pounds of nitrogen applied during February will increase wheat yields at harvest time. Alfalfa Alfalfa is a heavy feeder of potash. A lack of potash is often the reason for loss of stand. Consider that a 4-ton crop of alfalfa pumps out of the soil the amount of potash in 900 pounds of 0-20-20 fertilizer. That’s why the potash “soil bank Account" often runs low. | Dairy An excellent dairy program was presented by the Hubbard Milling Company last Thursday evening at Berne. Points stressed were proper conditioning of the dry cow,' gradual raising grain feeding just after freshening, under-feeding during the lactation, and wise use i of pasture, including feeding hay ! during the pasture season. I I

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SATURDAY. FEBRUARY M. «■»

Steiner Presented Course Certificate Martin Steiner. of Monroe. re- ; cently completed an extensive I U a into* course to livestock and ’poultry feeding and management and was presented with certifi- ; cate of completion The course of study was composed of three parts and is conducted for sales and service men of the Moormen Mfg. Co. of Quincy. IU. lb com- ! pitting the third or final phase. • Steiner is now considered a pro- > ■ fessional feed counsellor. | "The certificate presented to I him is the top honor of its kind ( awarded to Moorman feed men. i said Paul Cory, sales manager of ' Moorman's. The study covered I virtually all aspects of care, fecd- | ing. sanitation and management of I hogs, dairy cattle, beef cattle. ! chickens and sheep It consisted :of study, written exrecises and 1 field work. BETTER FARM CONSTRUCTION AT LESS COST with READY-MIX CONCRETE ■rom DECATUR Ready-Mix, Inc. E. OAK & FORNAX I Phone 3-2561 I _ 1