Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 58, Number 31, Decatur, Adams County, 6 February 1960 — Page 8

PAGE EIGHT

Medium Size Hog Producers Can Compete With “Bigs” > j* a _a .a * rw. lk« a»rva

A Putdur Univrrtiv M»lru)tu:sl mmumiit Mid th* medium sisrd producer eaa compete RUO eroafully <* a «•* '•< produrtkai b«US allh th» Urge hug reiser JL M Bauman. speaking at • swine production w»«ai*i opening Purdue* Farm Scirm-e Day*. ro-| potted oa a «ludy of IM* taro litter i twine raterpriiw* in central Indiana. On the bait* of production coats per 100 pounds of awM»e produced, ) terms with So to « aow herds had the loweat coat*. Bauman asserted ' However, the lowest cost produe. r in the study owned a »we herd •Thu termer's total coot p«r hundredweight of hogs produced was about 50 cents less than the 'beat* producer in the sd-w>w group and hl* costs were more than 111 per cwt le«» than for the best' producer in the »-*ow group." the economist said. "On the average, efficient pro-, ducers arc successfully maintaining low production costs, up to the 30-40 sow herd size. But for herds larger than this, costs rose substantially for the producers in our study." More than 500 farmers, business leaden and scientists attended opening sessions of the week long program which emphasizes science's role in modern agriculture | la edition to the swine production meeting, a separate section was devoted io crops anad fertiliz-! ers The second annual two-d-y Agricultural Pesticide Conference also began. Science la Swtae Production Purdue veterinarians, animal scientists and economists joined in a day-long discussion of swine production ranging from prenatal pig care to the market Twice outlook Martin Slob. Purdue animal sci-, entist, said bog raisers would do well to regard the month after mating as one of the most critical parts of the gestation period. Solving of the prenatal problem, one which plagues even the best swine producers, will require more research in swine reproduction and an improvement in management practices. Stob asserted R. W. Starts, Purdue veterinarian. stressed the importance of proper disease control of the baby pig population. He recommended

Winter Is Dangerous Time For Children LAFAYETTE, Ind. — Winter weather often keeps toddlers indoors where they are subject to special dangers. Careful mothers will cast a critical eye around the kitchen and broom closet to' protect their children from accidental poisoning, says F. R. Willsey, farm safety specialist at. Purdue University. Many ordinary household products are poisonous—metal clean-

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I uaiteUon control of farrowing I. quartets proper management of sows prior to farrowlag. reduction /of overconcantraUon of animal* i 'during farrowing and iwHattan and inspection of newly purchased an- ; (mate ' Discussing prenatal diseases of ’swine, R K Jone*. Purdue vetermarten. Mid leptaapiroela. brucellosis and "modified" hog cholera had serious effect on embryonic . 'pigs More research is necessary. {Jones added, to identify other possible infectHMi* disease of the pre | natal pig Hog raisers either make or lose money on the outcome of the period from farrowing to So pound* asserted William H Smith. Purdue animal scientist. | “Disease free" pigs—those removed from the sow at birth or taken by surgery before birth and I raised in special isolation equipiment—can be used to repopulate farms on which disease spread from generation to generation is a problem. E. O. Haeiterman. assistant head of Purdue * school of Veterinary Science and medicine, said. Crops and Fertiliser • Dr G. E. Smith, chairman of the department of soils at the University of Missouri, told the crops and fertilizer session that experimental work has shown wide differences in efficiency of utilization of nitrogen by farm crops He said it is desirable to apply .nitrogen fertilizer as near the time it will be used by plants as possible. Electricity in nitrogen fertilizers and the soil influence a farmer's decision as to when nitrogen should be applied and what type will best fit the situation. Cliff Spies. Purdue agronomist, asserted. Reporting on soil fertility research. S. A. Barber, Purdue agronomist. said that in the future there may be more fertilizer applied broadcast and plowed under and less fertilizer used as row apj plications. Experimental results indicate that to obtain top corn yields on low phosphate soils part of the phosphate should be broadcast. A. H. Probst. Purdue soybean breeder, described the best va-, rieties for Indiana production — | Bindarin, Harosoy, Hawkeye, Shel-j

ers and polishes, cleaning fluid, water softeners and detergents as well as bleaches, gasoline and kerosene, to name a few. Keep such items far out of your youngster’s reach. Believe it or not, the extracts and flavorings on your kitchen spice shelf are poisonous because of the high alcohol content that is used to "keep” Jhe flavoring oils, I Some four-ounce bottles of vanilla extract contain more alcohol than has been known to prove fatal to a child. An ounce or less of oil of peppermint or oil of Wintergreen might cause the death of a two-year-old child. , Naturally curious, children don't know the difference between things ' they can touch and things they shouldn't touch. Often the objects . of their curiosity end up in their mouths. Willsey warns.

Harosoy Leading Soybean Variety LAFAYETTE,. Ind. Harosoy held its first place popularity with Indiana soybean growers last year, report state state-federal agricultural statisticians at Purdue University. Ibis early, high-yielding variety also was the 1958 leader. Forty percent of the state s soybean acreage was planted to Harosoys, compared to 27 per cent for

by and Clark One at lhe goals I* to make the present varieties resistant to Phylbophlbora rat and better ie I pustule Blackhawk la (be onlv Indiana recommended variety resistant to Phytophthora rot. , Ralph Caidwell. Purdue small grain beessfor, pointed out that from 11 to » years are needed to produce and get a variety into production Hr said needs two centuries hence. when papulation growth and national emergency may require every bushel of grain produced, are unpredictable, ' Breeding for greater production must be pushed with greatest possible speed as insurance for greatest national security In the future, hr added. Agricultural PeetlcMe Ceefereuce Purdue staff member* outlined problem* of the agricultural pesticide conference's general area* of concern— insect and plant disease control

Dr. N K. Ellis, assistant director of Purdue's agricultural experiment station, said that in the future "we will be spending from 45 to 50 per cent of our funds for basic research." The amount now is about 25 per cent at Purdue's agricultural experiment station. Indiana's No. 1 weed problem is control of giant foxtail, said O. C. Lee. Purdue weed specialist. This rapid spreading weed Is now found in all of the state s 92 counties and in some areas ha* altered farming practices, he asserted. Lee listed among other weeds that are problems. Johnson grass, Canada thistle and wild garlic. David Matthew. Purdue entomologist, described face flies and horse flies of livestock, thrips in corn, corn leaf aphids, spittle bugs, cut worms, stock borers and corn ear worm as "major 1959 pests" and said they continue to be a major problem for Indiana farmers in 1960 Discussing the potential of chemical plant disease control in Indiana, Eric G. Sharvelle. Purdue plant pathologist, said the future importance of chemical controls depends on' the extent to which the public is educated, how much research improves present chemicals and develops new ones and the extent oL their demonstrated effectiveness in the field.

Hawkeye, second most popular variety. Harosoy showed average gains in all areas of Indiana except the south central section. More than 90 per cent of the total acreage of these varieties lies id the northern two-thirds of the state. Clatk, with 17 per cent of the acreage, was the third most popular variety. Nearly half the total acreage planted to this variety lies in the southwestern part of Indiana. Lincoln held its fourth place for the second year and Blackhawk again ranked fifth. The statisticians list these other varieties with measurable amounts of acreage Shelby, distributed throughout the state; Adams, mostly in central sections; Llndarin, north, and Wabash, southern counties. As in 1958, 42 per cent of the farmers indicated they fertilized all or-part of their crop. Rate of application averaged 133 pounds an acre, compared to 139 pounds in 1958. Sixty-four per cent of the growers, slightly fewer than in 1958, inoculated their seed.

State-federal agricultural statisticians at Purdue University report that Hoosier turkey growers plan to increase their 1960 production by 11 per cent. If growers carry out their intentions they will raise 3,107,000 birds, compared to 2,794,000 in 1959. Potato stocks stored by Indiana growers on Jan. 1 totaled 500,000 cwt.. 38 per cent of the fall potato crop, according to state-federal agricultural statisticians at Purdue University. New Ludlow Machine Is Installed Here A new Ludlow casting machine, which will be used to cast advertising and headline type by the line, has been installed by the Decatur Daily Democrat. Types size over 36 point in size were previously set by hand from individual type faces used time after time. The new machine will allow the type to be set fresh for each run of the newspaper, in increasing its readability. In addition, the setting of ads by the line will help prevent workup of type, which results in black ink showing between lines and letters.

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County Girl To Attend Chicago Meeting INDIANAPOLIS. Fob • — A i group of Indians farm youth and four adults will attend th* national ’Youthpower Congras*' to bo bald |tn Chicago February H 12 Stressing th* value of nutrition, thia national event la being spun I toted by the American Farm Bu- , reau Federation. American «M*di cal Association. National Idvc Stock and Meat Board. National Association at RetaU Grocer*. NaIt tonal Dairy Council. American Bankers Association. Poultry and Egg National Board, and other groups involved In the handling of food. Young people present from Indiana include Paul Nobbe, Denver; James McMechan. Liberyt; Gordon Roudebush. Cicero, all representatives of the Future Farmers of America <high school organization of agriculture students); Miss Lynn Sells, . Williamsport: Miss Rita Ellen Hardin, Plainfield? and Jo Ellen Royer. Bloomington, representatives of the Future Homemakers of America; Gail Grambag. Ashley; Ronald Kerber, Lafayette; and Joe Sample. Zionsville. all 4-H junior leaders; and from the Indiana Rural Youth: Miss Joan Rahe. Shelbyville: David Couch. Charlestown; and Miss Gloria Koeneman. Decatur. Transportation costs for these 12 young people will be paid by the Indiana Farm Bureau. Other sponsoring organizations will underwrite hotel expenses. Adults making the trip are: Mrs. Guy E Gross, Churubusco, state director of the women's department, IFB; Mrs. Edna Colby. Carmel, managing editor, Hoosier Farmer; Carl Salomon. Ft. Wayne, com modity department fieldman; and Wm. Marvel, Carmel, education staff. IFB. Appearing on the ‘Youthpower' program will be leading nutritionists. home economists, experts in physical fitness, and Agriculture Secretary Ezra Taft Benson. The keynote address on the opening day will be given by Dr. Shane McCarthy, executive director of the resident's Council on Youth Fitness. His subject will be "Youth in the Space Age." There will also be tours of food industries, teen age group discussions and other features. C. *

Goodyear To Give Vacation Awards LOUISVILLE, Ky. February 2— The nation’s farmers and ranchers will again be rewarded for outstanding work in soil and water conservation districts, in annual convention here. Announcement Os the 14th annual Soil Conservation Awards program sponsored by the Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co.. Akron. 0.. was made by W. H. Edmund. Goodyear executive consultant, who addressed the group’s annual luncheon at the Kentucky Hotel. In his talk Edmund outlined the amazing growth of the rubber industry in the last 60 yeprs and likened it to the continuing agricultural revolution which will see the nation’s farmers and ranchers called upon to feed nearly double the U.S. population within the next 40 years with substantially the same natural resources as are available today. The Soil Conservation program each year provides an all expense paid vacation trip to Goodyear Farms and Wigwam guest ranch, Litchfield Park. Arizona, as the grand award to the 100 outstanding conservation district supervisors and farmer cooperators, selected on a statewide basis by local judging committees. Bronze plaques’ and certificates of merit also are awarded outstanding participants at the district level, nationwide. (,

Ihave sworn • • ra', Horttiry again* every form at TYRANNY tw r/ wcf The wind of man BOLD WORDS— Third of the U.S. Stamps in the American Credo series carries the words of Thomas Jefferson. It will go on sale at Charlottesville, Va.» May 18.

Time To Plan 1960 Gardens Ijifayrttr. tad -Thi* i* th* time of year when home g*rdro*r» rtmuM begin melting pfan* for thrir IMO garden*, remind* Loeb* H*hn Purdue t'niv*r*ity hnrticulturlrt ___ A *m*U plot of tend given over to fruit *M vrgrtaNn can p*** vide a plentiful luppiy tor th* family and rwigbobr* and alto »u4> ptamrnl the family Income HorU c-utUirlrta «ay a property managed acre of land will produce aufflrtent vegetable* and fruit far the average family the year round Seed catalogue*, full of good tuggvaliona and new and better varieties, are arriving Moat catalogue* contain dracrifAiona of each vegetable and Indicate the approximate lime from »reding or transplanting to the flr«t harvest After looking through seed catalogue*. the family should decide what they want to plant of both vegetable* and fruit, how much they will nerd for table use. how much for canning, freezing and storage. In malting the home fruit and vegetable garden plan, these principles should be fallowed Place the* perennial vegetable* and small fruits on one side; Plant the annual* in groups according to period of time from seeding to harvest, height of mature planta., and planting distance; Allow, enough room at the end of the rows so that farm machinery can be used in cultivating.

Lycra Is New Elastic Fiber LAFAYETTE. Ind — Purdue University clothing specialist Frieda Stoll calls attention to a recent development in man-made fibers. You can stretch it. you can wear it. you can wash it in the washing machine and dry it in the dryer. It comes out as elastic as ever. Lycra is the trade name given to this spandex fiber. It is an elastomer fiber originally known as Fiber K during its experimental Stages. It makes possible unusually light weight, soft and durable fabrics of long-lasting elasticity. It is chiefly used at the present time in foundation garments, surgical hosiery, narrow elastic fabrics and swim suits. Projected uses are in knitted cuffs, belts and waistbands.

Farmers Are Encouraged To Update Marketing

Indiana farmers were advised to “shop around” for their markets as a means of increasing their income. _ . Noah S. Hadley, Purdue University agricultural economist, addressing a Farm Science Day session,, pointed out hog markets in Indiana are changing and added: “My suggestion is that you don't marry a market. Shop around and uj|e the -telephone. Exercise your bargaining power—in these days df’ narrow margins of profit this caik make a real difference.” Farmers are doing a- good job marketing, but could do a better one, the economist asserted. However, he warned the producers not to expect new efficiencies in the stock yards, packing plants or super markets to improve their incomes. , . Dr. Lowell S. Hardin, head of Purdue’s agricultural economics department, speaking also at a session on adjusting to changing marketing patterns, described the farmer’s stake in marketing. A farmer, analyzing proposed improvements on existing marketing systems or entire new systems, can reasonably insist on these conditions, Hardin said, enumerating“That our marketing system reflect to him honestly and fully the wants, desires apd wishes of consumers. "That the system perform its functions efficiently. "That by the market process men and resources are rewarded according to their comparative contributions.” R. L. Kohls, Purdue agricultural economist, discussed the 1960 feed and livestock outlook. Feed supplies available for live- [

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Mixed Trends In Prices Os January I ? arm Goods

Lafayvtto. Ind — Trend* were mixed In the price* of farm coni nuxhtie* during the l*** half of January M Paul MHrh •U. Purdue University extension rconofnist. )<<>< price quol*ti<w« cra»h*d through the «4 roiling •» "»*« Com Belt primary market*, with the be*t mraVtypr »rlrctod hog* reaching 114 35. both *t 1 "di*n•polls and Chicago Thr*» prtro* were th* highest since early September of tort year, and Waratad gain* of 11 » to 11 » owr the end of \96» However, average price* of barrow* and gUta la ■UH fully O below th* level* of a year earlier . . . . Cattle price* responded to variation* in receipt* during th* two week* under review Al midmonth a few sale* of prim* cattle were made at 129 25 »t Chicago. but by the end of the month, quotation* had dropped fully 50c per cwt. Marketing* of grain fed cattle have been about in line with those of a year earlier but price* are almost 12 per cwt. lower. Actual marketing* of fed cattle have failed to come up to the levels indicated by the recent cattle on feed report This indicated a general increase of at least 15-20

■I WATER STAMP-- This special stamp will be issued in Washington on April 18 to stress the conservation of the nation’* water resources. To be printed in blue, green and orange-brown, the stamp depict* a drop of water falling off a leaf, together with a stylized watershed panorama ' More than 750 persons visited Purdue University’s Southern Indiana Forage Farm in Dubois county during 1959. Tours of the 1,000-acre field laboratory can be arranged through county extension offices.

stock are at record highs, he said. Hog marketing* will continue heavy through 1960 and prices will remain low; cattle prices will average lower than last year, but a drastic price break is not expected unless inclement range weather triggers liquidation of stock. Kohls described the outlook for earnings from the dairy enterprises as “relatively favorable to other enterprises.”

A trio of Purdue agricultural economists reported on new research in hog marketing. Norton Smith pointed, out that ■ hog buyers are becoming more aware of the importance of value factors beside average weight of the swine. Consumers resist fat and lard. Smith said farmers could improve the average weight factor by timing more accurately their marketing operations. Weight variaiton among hogs can be reduced by carefully sorting animals to improve uniformity before sending them to market, he advised. J. H. Stevenson, relating findings of consumer acceptance tests in Muncie and Terre Haute, said some homemakers were willing to pay a higher retail price for lean pork. In one test, when lean pork sold from two to six cents < a pound more than regular por about 45 per cent of all pork sold was meat-type. Thomas T. Stout said an eightmonth study of in-transit shrinkage of hogs showed those fed before shipment averaged two pounds gain during the time on feed: unfed hogs lost 1.17 during the same period. Hogs fed soaked shelled corn showed the greatest average gain.

p*» cert In marketing* during th* tarty month* of '* ovnt lhr tewl of th* *am* m«*»th* in 19M When the** receipt* actually ■ reach market a rather ■h«n> break in price* can be 4«P*rtad Thi. tuggrata <h.t It may be w.U to tap out trod io** *• *•* "• rattle roach *aU»faetnry weigh and finish It ' la more to b* gained than to*t by prompt to ffad tomb prices advance during moat of Uto prtcaa finally reaching peak, of Ml » However. ' action to advancing pric*» ne the end of the month caused whole**!* pc‘f«» to "k, too quotation* on Uve tomb* dropped back to 120.75 P*r cwt In grain markets, no major trend* developed On futures market*. price change* were, chiefly on a fractional basis from day to day For the period under ( review both corn and wheat price* declined about 1c per bu.. oat* [ and rye tort almost 2c. while *<>y beans reversed their recent loss trend, with net gain* of a cent per bushel More trading activity and great-1 er price fluctuation* continue to, be reported for soybeans than, with the other -grain commodities |

Formula Figures Consumption Os Feed For Year

LAFAYETTE. Ind. — A fourpound hen makes seven eggs from about a pound of feed. So does a seven-pound hen. But, as Roy Robert, Purdue University extension poultryman, points out, before either uses feed to make eggs she eats several pounds of feed to keep hersHf going. Here is where the smaller hen has the edge — she runs a smaller machine. From the feed they eat, these egg machines must keep their hearts ticking at about 300 beats per minute and maintain a body temperature of 105 to 107’F. Other feed energy is used for breathing, dgiestion of feed and exercise. More feed is needed to repair protein tissue and replace loss of minerals. These maintenance requirements must be met first. Then any feed that is left can be used to make eggs. The yearly feed consumption of a laying hen can be estimated by this formula: 25 plus (eight times weight of hen) plus (eggs laid divided by seven). In this formula, the 25 is a constant figure. Each extra pound of body weight adds eight pounds to the yearly feed requirement. Also each seven eggs adds one pound. By substituting in this formula you find that a four-pound hen needs 25 + 32 or 57 pounds of feed just to keep going. To lay 175 eggs she needs 25 pounds more, or a total of 82 pounds—s. 6 pounds of feed per dozen eggs. To produce 245 eggs this same hen requires only 10 pounds more feed, a total of 92 pounds — 4.5 pounds per dozen eggs. But a seven-pound hen needs 25 + 56 or 81 pounds of feed for maintenance. To lay 175 eggs she needs 106 pounds of feed—7.3 pounds per dozen eggs. For 245 eggs, she needs 116 pounds —r 5.7 pounds per dozen eggs. fed a high energy, low fiber ration should beat these figures somewhat. Feed wastage increases the feed needed per dozen eggs. This formula, Roberts explains,

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SATURDAY. FEBRUARY C. l«°

Chief r**Min for thi* rort* «« the uncertain final balance between demand and »upply fact*** far ■uytwn*. Uncertainty regarding M»<? ultimate demand h< bran* lor export • M* ma to be the ke v factor in th* price ptotur* for beana. Mitchell any* However, fluctuation* in th* price* of soybean meal seem to be a significant factor During the last half of January, wrybean meal price* dropped *4 34 pgr ton . bringing quotation* down to the IM 50 level. thia price being about th* same a* quoted a year earlier Broiler* and fryer* sold at farm level* in Indiana in a general rang* of 17 20c per pound with 18 and 19c being th* moat commonly paid price*. Th* strength displayed in broiler price* in recent weeks ha* had the expected result —sharp Increase* in *et of egg* Thi* forebodies *ome future trouble for broilers a* time permit* their growth ' and delevopment. Mitchell asserts Eng price* continue at the discouraging low level* of 22»<’ with most sale* at the 22 and 23<Heavy hens continue to bring price premiums over with best quotations up to 22c per Ib. .

estimates feed consumption for the entire year. You can kid yourself if you figure feed efficiency just for peak production periods, he save. Moral: heavy-low-producers are not efficient-egg-machines.

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