Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 56, Number 179, Decatur, Adams County, 31 July 1958 — Page 12

PAGE FOUR-A

ISmBMI Mh <r : r K) Sr ; jßaEg sJ<y (T* i£-' - K W*| St * MAQ ABMNT— British Prim* Minister Harold Macmillan addreaaee the pact council in London, with Iraq absent and a question mark. At left are Iranian and Turkish officials. At right, U. 8. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles; second from right, U. 8. Ambassador John Whitney.

Statistical Studies On Cigaret Smoking Scientist Studied 82 Pairs Os Twins By DELOS SMITH ypy Sdence Edihar - - NEW YORK (UPII—A worldfamous scientist studied tests on 82 pairs of Grrnan twins to check out his belief that some persons are chemicaly set up before birth both to smoke cigarets and to die of lung cancer. Os the 51 pairs of identical oneegg twins among them, 33 pairs were alike as to their smoking habits. Nine pairs didn’t smoke, 22 pairs smoked cigarets and two pairs smoked cigars. Only 12 pairs, less than a quarter of the 51, were different in theirssmoking habits, such as one twin not smoking while the other smokes, or one smoking cigarets while the other smoked cigars. But of the 31 pairs of “fraternal" or two-eggs twins among the 82, only 11 pairs were alike as to smoking habits while 16 were distinctly different. Thus a difference was shown between identical and “fraternal” twins, a difference regarded statistically as highly “significant.” Show “Association" The statistics were used by Sir Ronald A. Fisher, professor of genetics at Cambridge University who is widely known as the “father of modern statistics." He was seeking information as a guide in the continuing scientific

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argument over the moaning of the large statistical studies which connect cigaret smoking with deaths from lung cancer. Some statistical studies have been accepted by official public health bodies both in the United States and abroad as showing that cigaret smoking is a cause of lung cancer. But Dr. Fisher and several other well known scientists argue that they only show assocEQtm” and “cause” is not at all demonstrated. In common with all other geneticists, Sir Ronald loves identical twins because they ttem from one fertilized egg and so share the same heredity in the tiniest detail. Whatever can be proved about the influence of their heredity on the physical, chemical, and emotional make-ups of people, is provable through one-egg twins. Inherit Susceptibility That it is possible to inherit a susceptibility to cancer — even cancer in specific places such as the lungs or the stomach — is generally accepted in science on the basis of factual evidence, some of it coming from identical twins. But this is the first time studies of identical twins have suggested that susceptibility to the smoking habit, even down to the detail of whether cigarets, cigars or pipes are smoked, may be established in the mother’s womb by the transmitted totals of its ancestors’ chemistry. If that is so, then it would be possible to inherit both a susceptibility to smoking and a susceptibility to lung cancer which, of course, would weaken the statistical evidence that cigaret smoking causes lung ancer.

Debl Ceiling Hike To Cut Dollar Value Inflation Reduces Purchasing Power By LYLE C. WILSON United Press International WASHINGTON (UPD — President Eisenhower’s request for a 10-billion-dollar hike in the permanent national debt limit means the dollar bill or sawbuck in your bank or in your pocket is going to shrink some more. The weight and dimensions of your dimes and folding money wil

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THE DECAYOTt DAILY DEMOCRAT. DECATUR. INDIANA

not shrink. But their purchasing power will—in terms of beans or biscuits or butter, or in terms of anything you may buy; ' In terms of what this shrinkage does to the individual and collective funds of the people of the United- States, this is larceny on a scale greater than grand. All the footpads and burglars of all time surely could not have made away with as much of the citizens’ money as the process of currency inflation has accomplished in a single year—the year 1942, for example. Only 4.4 cents were melted of currency inflation. The Finance Committee of the U.S. Senate calculates that the dollar shrank in purchasing power in 1942 by 9.1 cents. The year 1947 showed a 9-

cent shrinkage. Only 4.4 cents were melted away from the value of the U.S. dollar in 1948 and only t 4 cent in each of the following years, according to the committee’s lations. In very recent years the inflation trend has been substantially checked but not stopped. During the first four months of this year the depreciation of the dolar averaged only 0.2 cents per month. The big, bad fact, however, is that the Senate committee figures show that from an arbitrary valuation of 100 cents in the year 1939, the dollar had shrunk in purchasing power by the end of April, 1958, to 48.1 cents. In just under 20 years, therefore, the value of the proud product of the U.S. Bureau of Engrav->

ing and Printing has gone off by nearly 52 cents, a bit more than half. A $lO bill now in circulation is worth slightly less than $5 in terms of 1939.' , Where all of this will end, none can say; especially none of the politicians in Washington who borrow and spend the money which puts the government in more debt and requires raising the debt limit in bites of -10 billion dollars a whack. Where 20 years like the past 20 would end, of course, can be calculated simply enough. They would end with something less than a 25-cent or two-bit dollar. What that would do to persons on h fixed income of dollars—pensioners, social security patrons and * Such—would be very rough, in-

deed. Other than pensioners and persons on fixed income have a stake in the value of the dollar. The Western Tax Council calculated in 1956 that by then currency inflation and high taxes had created a situation in which, if you made $5,000 in 1939 you’d need to earn $12,050 in 1956 just to stay even. — f Hawaii’s Mount Waialeale is probably the world’s rainest spot, the National Geographic Magazine says. Waialeale’s annual rainfall verages 489 inches. In a recent year. 624 inches poured down. Strangley. only 20 inches a year fall an Waimea, a costal town just 15 miles away.

THURSDAY, JULY 31, 1958

No Malice TYRE, N. Y. — (W — Forgiving Justice of the Peace Axel Thompson suspended the 30-day fail sentences he gave Donald J. Sanderson and oJhn J, r Walters for stealing five-gallons of gas from' him. Maritime experts have estimated that every ship now afloat in the world could be anchored with room to spare in the 456 square miles of San Francisco Bay and its continguous bays and straits, largest natural harbor in the world, according to the San Francisco Chamber of Commerce.