Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 56, Number 115, Decatur, Adams County, 15 May 1958 — Page 12

• THURSDAY. MAY 13, 1958

Redss Hike Output Os Consumer Goods Results Becoming Noticed In Shops MOSCOW (UP) — All along the Soviet consumer goods front there are small stirrings and new signs of life. The newspapers are writing more than ever about the need to raise the output and quality of everything from hosiery and children's shoes to furniture and television sets. Soviet leaders are fervently emphasizing the same things in their speeches. On the .lower levels, factory directors throughout the country are consulting with the new local economic councils on how to translate theese aspirations into practice. More important than all the talk, the government has assigned extra funds to several branches of light industry. Recently the Soviet government announced it would spend an additional 195 million rubles to build up the shoe and textile industries in 1958. It has assigned 290 million more rubles to the furniture industry for this year, due to the great increase in housing construction. Results Noticeable Results are beginning to be noticeable in the shops, especially in the big cities, where the supplies of textiles and refrigerators, radios, TV, washing machines, bicycles and motorcycles, cameras and vacuum cleaners are greater this year than last year. Os course nowhere are there anywhere near enough of any of these items, except perhaps cameras. Crowds’ cluster before the counters when a fresh shipment of goods arrives. All of these stirrings and signs of new life are being taken as an indication that the Khrushchev regime gradually intends to make good its promises for a higher standard of livingThis is not the first time the Soviet party has given its approval to a widely expanded program

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of consumer goods production. An emphasis on light industry was a distinguishing feature of the Malenkov government in 1953. But Malenkov's plan did not last any longer than his government. Khrushchev and his economic planners are turning to improved planning and decentralized administration as one way of raising the amount and! quality ofconsumer goods production. Capital Investments Needed But they also realize that capital investments are necessary if there is to be any real expansion of, light industry. Sergei Trifonov, a deputy min-, ister of domestic trade in the Soviet Union, is well aware of ‘ the shortages and shortcomings of Soviet consumer production. But when a foreign visitor comes to talk with him in his office, he tries to emphasize the positive sides of the subject. He proudly shows pictures of new refrigerators, portable phonographs and tape recorders, handy little sewing machines, new good-look-ing models of TV sets, and many other items, all just made or about to be made for the Soviet shops. However, as Trifonov admits, progress will come only gradually. He .said that as long as there is such a scarcity of consumer goods, installment buying will not be introduced in the Soviet Union. — — Hung Up WEST JORDAN, Utah (W — Burglars successfully robbed Jordan Builders Supply here of a truck loaded with SBOO worth of merchandise but abandoned everything after carelessly hanging the vehicle's wheels over an embankment during the get-away ride. S. D. Farm Income BROOKINGS, S. D. HP> — South Dakota farmers probably will net the same amount of money in 1957 as they did in 1956. The agricultural extension service at South DaJcota State college figured farmers , averaged $2,577 after expenses last • year, dropping about 28 per cent , from the 1954 net income figure ( ; of $3,496per farm. t L

I : ' > - i //'"s I? 1 ‘' f A/ t hl, . / * J I - I ' < * if f I ' ’*WSb I Wi -k,' •sr** I B *** fiSKf 1 ■ 7 je'WkSlt. -w 5 3MbbIR& ? BB A f Wbß BwWffl I ImII fi fl c® e w . -I? > w D. W. McMILLEN, SR., eighth from the left, with his overcoat over his shoulders, is pictured above with some of the former Central Sugar company employes, watching* the destruction of the old sugar building. The group gathered several weeks ago to witness the expansion program. The building was completed in 1912, and housed the Centra' Sugar company until that company was finally discontinued in 1944. Until recently the engineering and technical departments of Central Soya were housed in this building, but with the completion of the new building .on Second street extended, the old sugar warehouse became obsolete.—'McMillen Photo'

Warning Issued By Child Psychologist Warns Caution On Detective Label By DELOS SMITH United Press Science Editor NEW YORK (UP)—Discussing the perilous scientific business of testing children for intelligence, a child psychologist has warned all so engaged to show “the utmost caution" in labeling any child mentally defective. < Dr Lucille Hollander Blum estimated that perhaps 15 per cent of the children so labeled, turn out later not to be at all. Indeed, some turn out to have superior intelligence. To protect themselves from overwhelming demands, they put on the mask of stupidity. These children are pitfalls for the psychologist because he has no reliable technical mqans of unmasking them. They're “pseudoretarded’’ rather than actually retarded. but so far this correct diagnosis has been made “only in retrospect.” , Sets Forth Experience Ina communication .to the Na - tional Association for Mental Health, Dr. Blum set forth her own experience with “defective” children who turned out not to be. In almost all cases they either

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THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT, DECATUR, INDIANA

were adopted children or the children of families in which there had been some mental illness. She suggested that either of these circumstances might increase the normal anxiety of parents for their children to “achieve.’’ Under the circumstances, some parents begin feeling there is some dreadful reason behind failures to' “achieve” and their stepped-up anxiety results in demands whitSf the child can't take. Yet children develop according to their built-in developmental patterns and potentials and sometimes the stage of development is not sufficient to support the demands. Then there is trouble- If the major trouble is “pseudo" retardation, the, psychologist can be fooled and so he must watch his step. ' ' Some Easy To Spot A lesser trouble are the children w’ho are not so disturbed that their intelligence can’t be accurately measured by psychological tests. At least it can be readily spotted that they're not actually retarded. She cited one child who was brought to her because of his persistently failing school grades. His IQ turned out to be 161 “which classified him not only as having very superior capacities but also placed him in a group equalled or excelled by only one out of 10,000.” In part the cause is the age we live in. Its competitive intensities

produce anxiety in parents. “In defense of the parent,” she said, "it might be said that his own feeling of uncertainty as to his role and his child’s future seems an important factor in the strenuous demands he makes.” College Prexy Not Qualified Teacher Famous Scientist Not Legally Fit By LOVIS CASSELS United Press Staff Correspondent WASHINGTON (UP) — Dr. James R. Killian Jr., president of Massachusetts Institute ’of Technology and science adviser to the White House, is recognized throughout the world as a leading scientist. But he is not legally qualified for a permanent license to teach science in any public high school in the United States. The reason is that Killian has never taken the college courses in educational methodology that are required by every U. S. state and territory for certification as a public school teacher. These certification requirements have become a main bone of contention in the controversy over what’s wrong with U S. schools. The Nation al Education As-

sociation (NEA) contends that certification laws have helped to raise and maintain “professional standards" in teaching. It Says that “on the average” present state requirements for courses in teaching techniques are “not excessive.” Charge Closed Shop Critics contend that profession-! al educationists, spearheaded by the ]NEA and its affiliates, have used certification laws to set up a closed shop in which no one can get a job unless he has a “union card’ degree from a teacher’s college. They say that most of these colleges turn out graduates who have been stuffed with “professional” training in how to teach, but have been starved for general education in what to teach. In this controversy, as In many others, facts are harder to come by that opinons. However, here are some pertinent facts, gatherered from a study of the teacher certification laws in force in 48 states and four U. S. territories: —All 52 states and territories specify that applicants for a regular teaching certificate must have completed a certain minimum number «of semester hours of college work in professional education courses. A college graduate who lacks these courses can get a temporary or provisional teaching license in most states. But he will have to .go back to college or to summer school later to take up the required education courses if he hopes to get a career -teaching certificate. Lowest Standards Noted —The lowest requirement, five semes te r hours of education courses, is in effect in Missouri and South Dakota. Other low requirement states are Kansas and Nebraska, six hours, and West Virginia, 11 hours- The stiffest requirement is enforced by the District of Columbia where an elementary school teacher must have 40 semester hours of credits in eudcational psychology, in practice teaching, and in other professional education courses. The median requirement for all 52 states and territories is about 24 hours. —Most states require fewer pro-

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fessiortal education credits for a high school teacher than for an elementary teacher. It also is customary to specify a minimum number of credi t s which he is licensed to teach. —The education course requirements for high school teachers range from 12 semester hours ‘Arkansas, •Maine, Massachusetts, Oklahoma, and Pennylvania) to Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, State). The median requirement is 18 hours. Call Contention Unfair NEA officials point out that the academic course requirements for high school teachers are, on the average, as great as or greater than the education course requirements. Therefore, they say, it is unfair to contend that high school teachers are long on methodology and short on academic background. • As for elementary teachers, professional educationists argue that any person who 'graduates from college must have had plenty of

PAGE FOUR-A

formal training in reading, writing, arithmetic, and other elementary school subjects. Therefore, it is entirely proper for their college curriculum to emphasize the best ways to help children learn these subjects. Critics of modern education—a diverse, largely unorganized but highly vocal group that includes many prominent scientists, college professor, and. authors . — have at least two replies to these arguments. One is that the requirements for professional education course s listed above are merely the legal mi nimu m Most graduates of teachers’ colleges, or of the education departments of universitis, can and do take many more courses in education, particularly critics say, where courses in education are known as “crips” or easy-credit courses. The first cigar factory in the United States was opened in 1810 in Suffield. Conn., by Simeon Viets