Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 54, Number 114, Decatur, Adams County, 14 May 1956 — Page 2

PAGE TWO

Racial Desegregation In IndianaSince.l949

(Editor's note: In 1949, five years before the U. S. supreme court issued its historic ruling banning public school segregation by race, the Indiana legislature outlawed the practice throughout the state. In Indianapolis, often called the “Most Southern City of the North." Negroes constituted 15 per cent of the population. Here is a first-hand report of what has happened in Indianapolis, based on interviews with school officials and others concerned with the problem. This is the first of two

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articles.) ■y HORTENSE MYERS INDIANAPOLIS (INS) — The "Moat Southern City of the North" began the racial desegregation of its public elementary and high schools In September. 1950, amid predictions of violence and no little anxiety, Now, six school years -later, this is the situation in Indianapolis: Fifty - four of 84 elementary schools and seven of eight high schools have become Interracial. The number of Negro teachers

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ia the city system has increased from 347 to 445, White instructors are teaching in some of the remaining all-Negro schools, and Negro teachers are on the faculties of some of the all-white schools. A Negro is serving on the city’s school board tor the, first time in its 135-year histoVy. ■* Children do not seem “color conscious.” \ As for violence: There have been some scattered fights between white and Negro pupils but never on a large Scale. As one principal commented: “Lotw of things that are interpreted as racial conflict are nothing more than quarrels among children, who just happen to be black and white.” Pupils, teachers, school administrators. sociologists and civic leaders all agreed that racial integration in Indianapolis proceeded far more smoothly than the most optimistic had hoped. But thdy also agreed that whatever success the city has had “didn’t just happen but resulted from miny years of groundwork.” The latest Indianapolis* census ’showed 84.020 Negroes among tfee total population of , 428.945. or about 15 per cent. •’ 3 - *-i - The some 15.000 Negro public school students at present make y >|1 ..: -.; ' . us _ '■■ ».■ UI ■ r^:. , | ..*,. .... ..

THE DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT, DECATUR, INDIANA

up 21.57 per cent of the elementary school population and 18.18 per cent of the high school enrollment. At one time. Indianapolis had unsegregated schools, but as the Influx of both Negroes and south-ern-born whites increased after World War I. the color line was drawn—not only in schools but in housing. •’< During this period Indiana became a stronghold of the antiNegro, unti-Catholic. anti-Semitic Ku Klux Klan. The power of the Klan was broken in the late 1920’s with revelation of corruption that led to both the state house and the city hall. But the pattern of segregation lingered on. The development of Negro neighborhoods during the time between the two wars is responsible for the present existence of 21 all-white and 10 all-Negro schools in Indianapolis. For as Dr. H. L. Shibler, superintendent of the city’s public schools system explained it: The school district boundaries are being observed; non - integrated schools follow the pattern of ser regated housing. While integration, or desegregation. has been affected smoothly in the classroom, it never has extended to social events, such as high school dances. In school case-

terias. the tendency has been for Negroes to eat with Negroes and whites with whites. One of the city's Negro leaders said he believed 'the "awareness of greater horizons for Negroes has not seeped from the administrative to the teaching level.” He also said that persons counseling Negro pupils tend to steer them into jobs traditionally open to members of their race, and added: “They have not accepted this business of recognizing individual ability regardless of race or religion." ’ (Next: How important are sports in race relations?) All Os Indiana Is Now On Fast Time Evansville Area Is Last To Switch EVANSVILLE. Ind. (INS)—The voters spoke, and Indiana’s' “pocket ” area made a hurried jump to catch up with the rest of Indiana. Evansville city officials, who have had their troubles setting summertime, left it up to the primary voters this time. The tally favored daylight time and the city council directed that the -change from standard be effective Sunday. Neighbors such as Mt. Vernon. Princeton. Petersburg. Boonville, Rockport. Cannelton, English, and Huntingburg, saw the shadow of the clock hands and have been switching, too. Jasper didn’t wait for the vote count, but changed from CST and DST last week. Now the city fathers of Indiana can catch a few weeks breather until September, when the question of returning to CST revives. Seven Persons Dead In Head-on Wreck Ohio Couple, Three Os Children Killed NEW CASTLE. Pa. (INS) — Seven persons, including a Niles, 0., couple and three of their children lost their lives Sunday night in a Lawrence county automobile collision. The crash also killed two New Castle men and injured five members of the Ohio 'of them critically. ’ O Police described the hdad-on coi'ihibn on Route 422. east of New Bedford, near the Ohio line, as one of the worst in the area's history. Dead were: Robert L. Markwell. 38, a steelworker; his wife. Dorothy. 33; lheir children: Mary, 15, Ruth I Ann, 12. and William. 5; and Alan ■ Fitzpatrick, 3®. and Roscoe Wil- : Hams, 30. Two-year-old Susan Markwell : and 13-year-old sister Dorothy are in critical condition at Jameson memorial hospital in New Castle. I Less seriously injured are Cecilia, i 7, Tommy, 3. and Robert, 6. i The Markwell family was re- , turning home from a mother's day | visit with Mrs. Markwell’s mother, I Mrs. Clara College, in Tarentum, j Pa. State police reported that a car driven by Fitzpatrick collided with I the one driven by Markwell in the ' center lane of the three-lane highway. The impact caused Fitzpat : rick’s car to bounce into the air and come down on the roof of the ' auto it was passing while travel ing east. The third auto, driven by Herman Kennedy—of New Castle, received slight damage. Kennedy es caped harm. Williams was a passenger in the Fitzpatrick car. Rejects Disarming LinkeTWith Unity Bulganin Rejects Linking Problems LONDON (INS) — Soviet premier Marshal Bulganin apparently rejected again today any* world disarmament solution linked to the German reunification problem. Moscow radio quoted him as telling a correspondent for the Paris newspaper. Le Monde, that "it is. wrong to make this already complicated problem dependent on . a solution of other unsolved international probiems',’ among" them the German problem.” “To do so.” he said, “would mean creating additional difficulties for a solution of disarmament and other internatioifal questions.” Bulganin’s interview was broadcast oh the eve of a visit to Russia by french premier Guy Mollet and foreign minister Christian Pineau who favor linking German reunification with progressive disarmament. The premier said chances of betj tering Franco-Russian relations ■ were “favorable." Bulganin said tjiat disarmament i was “tlie topmost problem in present day yorid politics" and a solitlion "cannot be delayed any long- ; er." I

Several Arrested On Traffic Counts State Police Make Number Os Arrests Several persons were arrested over the weekend by state police for traffic .Violations. ' William Young, 43, of Gary, was arrested Saturday tor speeding on U. 8. highway 27 north of Decatur. He will appear in justice of the peace court today. Also arrested Saturday for speeding on U. S. 27 north' of Decatur was John H. Robinson, 21, of Fort Wayne. He is scheduled to appear in J. P. court Thursday. Phillip E. Cook, 34. of Richmond, who was arrested Sunday for speeding on U. S. 27 north of Decatur, will appear in justice of the peace court later. Also to appear in J. P. court Thursday will be Raymond J. Craft, 23, of Fort Wayne, who was charged with speeding on U. S. 27 north of Decatur. Fred Mettler, 75. of Berne, arrested Friday on U. S. 27 south of Decatur for passing on a yellow line, will appear in justice of the peace court today. Clem E. Wulliman. 44, of Geneva route one, arrested Tuesday for speeding on U. S. 27 south of Decatur, appeared in mayor's court this morning and was fined *1 and costs. Beulah Emenhiser, 33. of Mom roeville, was fined $1 and costs in J. P. court Sunday after she was arrested by city police for running the stop sign at the intersection of Jefferson and Fifth streets. A fine of 35 and costs was levied on Oscar Guerra, 24, of Decatur, Saturday evening in J. P. court. He was charged with reckless driving following an accident Friday night’ when three automobiles were damaged. Presbyterian Men Change Ladies Night Lewis Smith, president of the', local men's council of Presbyterian men announced today that the ladies night previously announced and planned for this coming Tuesday evening has been postponed. Instead the men will meet for their regular dinner meeting at 6:30 p. m. The building campaign committee has charge Os the evening program. Each man is reminded to leave his wife at home ♦and come. Advises Truth Told To Heart Patients Advice Given By Heart Foundation INDIANAPOLIS (INS) — Tell the truth to the victipi of a heart attack. That was the advice today of Dr. W. Donald Close, of Indianapolis, president of the Indiana heart foundation, who said: "A well-informed heart patient is almost certain to recover quicker. His morale is much better if he understands the disease. Don't paint the lily but advise him there is a certain amount of justifiable optimism. Be honest. Tell the patient what kind of attack he had. the course of treatment and chance for recovery.” Dr. Close also said that the persons who suffer a coronary thrombosis are pretty certain to be discouraged but should be told that three of four persons who have that type of attack go back to work. He said that plans for returning to work should be made during the convalescent period and that family, employer and union representatives should be brought to deterbiine what kind of work the patient should undertake. Dr. Close added : rf Ate .. . - *• ..... - ’"*■ 1 I. i —in. Welcome Wagon Hostess Wall Knock on Your Door with Gifts & Greetings from Friendly Business Neighbors and Your Civic and Social Welfare Leaders Qm tkf occatlon »ft The Birth of ■ Baby Sixteenth Birthdays Engagement Announcement) Change of residence Arrivals of Newcomen to City Phone 3-3196 or 3-3478 >

John Dalzell Sheehan, son of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Sheehan, was released from the army hospital in Okinawa last Wednesday. He had been a patient there since May 1 after puncturing his left eye with a toy. He must be returned to the hospital for treatment during the next two weeks, but the danger of having to undergo an operation, as previously feared, is slight. Nancy Gerber, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Carl Gerber of South . Fifth street, sustained painful abrasions when she fell off her ' bicycle. She was treated by a local physician. Mr. and Mrs. Vincent Bormann spent the week-end and Mother's day with their daughter, Miss Kay > Bormann, at Purdue University. Mr. and Mrs. Luke Thaman and children Mary Ann ad Tommie, i of Bryan. 0., spent Mother's day with Mrs^-Ttraman's parents, Mr. . and MjZt. C-WutliX’ I JA/K and Mrs. James VanSkyock alia daughter Judy of Bremen, returned home Sunday after spend- ’ and relatives in Decatur and Geneva. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Rash had as their dinner guests Sunday evening, Capt. and Mrs. N. E. McNussen and son of Norfolk, Va„ Lt. and Mrs. James E. Redmond, of Camp 1 LeJUne, N.C., Mr. and Mrs. George Hook and Mrs. Kathryn Moser of Fort Wayne; Mr. apd Mrs. Norman Moser and children of Woodburn' and Mr.. and Mrs. Rufe Meshberger of Linn Grove. “Most employers are happy to welcome the heart patient back. Not everybody can return to his old Job, That -of traveling salesman is especially arduous. Yet very few patients need to be babied.”

Public Auction As I have sold my farm and am moving to Decatur I will sell the following at Public Auction 3 miles East of Decatur, Ind. on U. S. 224 then 6 miles North on Road 101 or 2'.~ miles South of Monroeville on 101, on SATURDAY MAY 19,1956 One P. M. DISC - HOUSEHOLD GOODS - CHICKENS .MISCELLANEOUS Juhn tteere T ft: Tractor Disc; Two llUSlTTractor Ttfes; Pair 6 ft.| Iron Wheels; Fifteen 4 inch field tile, tees, ells; 42 ft. new one inch Hay rope; 2- 40 ft. lengths one inch hay rope; Two-wheel trailer; Platform scales; Tank heater; About 115 Leghorn laving hens, laying good; Chicken crates; 500 size electric brooder stove: Chicken feeders; 80 bu. Corn; 40 bu. Wheat and oats mixed; Log Chains and Cow chain; Lumber to make gates and lumber to make trailer stock rack; Lot of pickets for fencing and picket sections; Jari Jr. Power Mower, 28 ijich. used three seasons; Eclipse 20 inch rotary power mower, brand new; 4 piece Walnut Bedroom suite, complete; Brass Bed and springs; Solid Walnut Dining Room suite, complete; Two Library Tables; Table Lamps; Wing Chair; 3 Occasional Chairs and 1 Upholstered Chair; 6 Oak Chairs; Rocker; Uwn Chair; One Bxlo Rug and one 9x12 Rng; End Tables; Linens and Pillows; Portable OiLHeater: 1954 Kenmore Vlsi-Matlc Washer and Twin Tubs; Vega Cream Seperator; Pictures. Dishes, Two Thermos Jugs, Jars, and miscellaneous articles too numerous to mention. ANTIQUES —1875 Cook Stove: Spinning Wheel; ’Kitchen Cupboard 56 years old; 1 Iron Cooking Pot and one Iron Dutch Oven; 22 Gal. Copper Kettle. TERMS —CASH. Not Responsible for Accidents. D. J. “Jim” BARKLEY — Owner Roy S. Johnson. Ned C. Johnson —Auctioneers ’William Cook. Monroeville Hank -Clerk 14 17 RECONDITIONED SINGER PHONE - RECONDITIONED no. kA / k sew,m6 Guaranteed I MACHIMEC Elaetritlaa 0#!/ by X A Elactro-Hyxiena K k aa \ J 3 Parts IV a■ a ■ w— — *-■ —«• only scoo Spring ■ Cover DOWN DARN VMHN M lOOK AT TH|SI M gg » M .rr° U ■ ■ SIOO W * New. Motor R IS B MONOGRAM BB 0 New Kntt B ■■ EMBROIDER BB * 1 Year B B RESERVES QUILTING I I Guarantee I I ONEI BUTTONS II '■ LIBERAL ■ Cabinet | TRIDE-IN ■ ■ Finishes ■ B f*t Yaw Old MaB Some Slightly Marred ■ thine R.gwVt«n > B Model 127-3 ■ »f C.ndili.n “We Service What We Sell”, ~ , FREE! DEMONSTRATION FREE! j RHONE NOW FOR APPOINTMENT ELECTRO-HYGIENE d Phone 3-3475 Decatur. Ind. 1 >1

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