Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 52, Number 228, Decatur, Adams County, 28 September 1954 — Page 1

Vol. Lll. No. 228.

Segregation Strike II . . . , ■ • STRIKING STUDENTS and spectators gather Ini front of Milford (Dei.) high, school, dosed all lam*, week following- a protest against tiie end of segregation, when K reopened on Monday with only one-Ih-IM of its 682 students In class. The strike was against attendance fry 10 negro scholar® in the tenth grr.de. Eight of the negro students were escorted into the school by police.

Supporters Os Sen. McCarthy Study Strategy May Counter With Request To Senate* To Censure Others WASHINGTON (INS) — Supporters of Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy may ask the senate to censure “a number” of his fellow lawmakers wheu It reconvenes Nov. 8 to decide whether to censure him. Associates of the Wisconsin Republican were reported today to be considering this strategy In the wake of a special senate committees recommendation that McCarthy be censured for two counts of alleged misconduct. Members of the committee have said that they will expert* tfie senate to “vote up or down” on the recommendation. Reaction from individual senators forecast a hot debate on the censure issue although many lawmakers refused to take any stpnd on the issue. Sen. Walter F. George (D Ga.), however, said he feels “reasonably sure” the senate will sustain the committee. Sens. Everett M. Dirksen (R 111.),. Pat McCarran (D Nev), and Herman Welker (R Ida.), were highly critical of the recommendartlons and indicated they would strongly oppose any censure. Many other members available for comment praised the six-uian committee for its work but would * not say how they plan to vote. McCarthy, who Is undergoing treatment at the Bethesda, Md.. Naval medical center for a chronic sinus Infection, was quoted by the Chicago Tribune as saying he does not care whether he is censured by the senate or not. The newspaper quoted McCarthy as saying: “if the senate upholds this report and all its implications, it will have gone a long way toward ahdictlon of its constitutional right to Investigate wrongdoings in the executive departments. "I do not care whether I am censured or not, but l will fight against establishing a precedent ■ which will curb investigative power and assist any administration In power to cover up Its misdeeds." McCarthy’s lawyer, Edward Bennett Wllljams. said that the senator has not seen the report. The 68-page document, signed byall six members of a committee headed by Sen. Arthur V. Watkins (R Utah), said McCarthy should be censured for “contemptuous" conduct toward investigators of his finances In 1952 and "reprehensible" treatment of Brig. Oen. Ralph W. Zwlcker. The general said during a Chicago stopover Monday en route to a new assignment In Japan that he was pleased with the report. He explained that lip referred specifically to that part of the document which applied to his controversy with McCarthy. Zwlcker said: "Naturally l am pleased with the report, what I (Continued on Png* Eight) INDIANA WEATHER Considerable cloudiness wltn showers and scattered thunderstorms tonight and Wednesday. Little warmer tonight, turning cooler northwest portion late Wednesday. Low tonight 60-66 north, 65-70 south. High Wednesday 76-60 extreme northwest to the 80e southeast. — — - -

\ ' -V v r.."• i ■ ■ s ■ ' _ , DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT ONLY DAILY NEWSPAPER IN ADAMS COUNTY \.'

Further Decline In Farm Cash Receipts Purdue Economist Predicts Decline A further decline of cash farm receipts of three to six per cent next year wbb predicted Monday night by Robert Suter, Purdue University agricultural economist, at the annual Adams county outlook meeting held at the Adams Central school. The net, cash Income of farmers is expected to decrease a little more than this with an average parity ratio of about 85 diuring the coming year, compared with DO during the year ending this September. Neither sharply expanding nor sharply declining business activity is likely, according to Stiter. Some areas will strengthen but other areas will weaken. Unemployment will continue to give concern. Milk prices will average a little below those of 1054, but Suter advised that serious. dairy farmers stay in the dairy business, because over the next five years a definite profit will be made in that field. He stated that farmers keeping less than 12 cows will feel the declining prices most, while thosd with more than 12 cows will, be using efficient modern production nif*hods, continue to make a profit. No encouragment was given to poultry and egg marketers, as Suter predicted prices ranging from 35 to 40 cents a dozen for the next year. Unfavorable egg-feed price relationships are expected to prevail through mid-1955, he said. Near record turkey supplies will sell for much lower prices than during thefall and winter a year ago. Continued large broiler supplies will result in low profits at least until late 1954. t Farm real estate prices are not expected to decline seriously though some weakness has already appeared in land prices. Primarily, stable prices and adequate supplies characterize the outlook for farm production items again next year. However, good buys will be available for the man who cares to shop. Total teed grain supplies per animal unit are estimated to be a.bout'the same for the year beginning this October as for the past year. The price of corn is expected to be well below the loan rate at harvest time but to go above the loan rate next summer. If the price of soybeans falls to near the loan rate at harvest time, about a normal seasonal price rise can be pectedHo* prices probably will average $3 to $4 per hundred lower during the marketing year beginning October 1, than for the previous year. The hog-corn ratio Is expected td fluctuate near the longtime average of 13.6 to 1 until midsummer 1955, after which It is likely to become unfavorable. Returns from beef breeding herds will coutinue low as some further liquidation of stock cattle takes (Continued on Page Six) David Smith Exhibit At Venice, Italy BLOOM I NOTON, Ind. (INS) —A visiting professor at Indiana university is representing the United States at. the Venice. Italy, international conference on plastic arts. David - Smith, a native of Decatur. Ind., has sculpture entered In the International biennial exhibition of art which preceded this week’s conference In Vlenm.. Smith la serving as visiting profees or of fine arts at IU this year In place of Sculptor Robert Laurent. who la artist Id residence this year at the American Academy in Rome,., ,

Total Tax Rale In Decatur Is Set At $5.08 a Four-Cent Cut Is Made In Decatur's School City Rates The tax rate payable in 1955 in Decatur-Washington was set at $5.08 on each SIOO, following a four-con t cut in the school city’s levies by George Gable, field representative for the state board of tax commissioners, Frank Kitson, county auditor, announced today. The rate payable this year la $4.83. Reduction of three cents in the school board’s bond levy and one cent in the special school fund were voluntary cuts offered by the trustees through W. Guy Brown, school superintendent. The board official approved Decatur’s civil city rate of $1.54. Gable also approved Adams county’s rate of 63 cents, composed of 39 cents for the general fund, three cents for the hospital and 11 cents levied by the welfare department. The largest cut ordered by Gable was in Berne’s civil city rate, 36 cents being pruned from the levy due to an error in compiling the budget. The state representa- ' live was asked to correct the mistake. One cent each in the BerneFrench school levy and one cent in Monroe township's poor relief fund, made the reductions 38 cents and Berne’s rate $4.40 for next year. In Decatur-Root, the area in the north part of the city and including the Central Soya Co., property, next year's rate will be $5.15 on each SIOO. The rate in Monroe will be $4.29 and $3.80 in Geneva. Townahip Levies Tax rates in the townships following minor cuts in tuition, special school and poor levies ordered by the state follow: Blue Creek. French $2.96? Hartford $2.78; Jefferson, $3.22; Kirkland. $3.14; Monroe. $3.10; Preble, 2.46; Root, $'2.80 ; St. Mary's, s!.s4; Union SMO Wabash, $*4K and Washington, 3.24. Polish Secret Police Deputy Given Asylum Quits Communism, Is Given Asylum In United States WASHINGTON (INS) — The justice department announced today that the deputy chief of Communist Poland’s secret police has quit Communism and has been granted asylum in the United States. The former official was identified as Josef Swiatlo of the secret “Department 10" of the Polish ministry of public security in Warsaw. Attorney General Herbert Brownell, Jr., said Swiatlo defected from the (Reds on Dec. 5, 1953, while on his way to an East German intelligence service conference. Brownell explained: “Department 10 is responsible for the protection of the Polish Communist party and regime against internal political subversives. Mr. Swiatlo held the position (deputy chief) at the time of his defection." The attorney general authorized hla entry Into the U. S. under special powders to deal with defectors from Communism. Brownell said that on Dec. 1, 1953. Swiatlo and his chief were scheduled to leave for Red-held East Berlin for conferences with the chief of the East German In- , telligence service known as the S.S.D. On Dec. 5, Swiatlo escaped to the French sector of Berlin, made , his way to the American sector and reported to.U. S. military police. He haH been there ever since, apparently giving officials detailed Information on secret Red activities. He will come to the U. 9., but It l* not know when. The justice department said that the Communist radio began “putting out feelers" about Swiatlo soon after his disappearance, apparently to draw’ some response from the U. S. However, hts actual defection was kept secret until today. The 39-year-old official was born In Medyna, Poland, and la married and has two children. His family last was reported living behind the Iron Curtain In Warsaw. He speaks Polish, Russian and Ger. man.

W.I nne» mi II ■> ■■.■ 111. MM. i.—w.W. iWim.ii i »y-» J# '* " ■/-- ■ - Decatur. Indiana, Tuesday, September 28. 1954.

Konrad Adenauer Asks Prompt Restoration Os Germany's Sovereignty

10 Navy Men Are Dead In Plane Crash Two Others Missing When Plane Crashes i Near Mahila Today MANILA (INS) — A U.S. navy amphibious patrol plane crashed' at Sangley Point near Manila tonight and a navy spokesman said 10 crewmen wereVkilled and two missing. The spokesman said 10 bodies were recovered shortly after the crash at 6:20 p.m. and a search was on for two men missing. The plane was a twin-engined Martin patrol bomber, P-6M. It exploded about 85 feet above the water just after taking off from Manila Bay and crashed op the ground at Sangley Point. There were four officers and eight enlisted men aboard the plane. Identification of the dead was withheld pending notification of next of kin. Rescue units from several war? ships including those from the car* rier Hornet rushed to tharbarning plane to extinguish the tire which brok| out after the explosion The plane crashed near ass armory which contains a stock of small arms and other light weapons. The'armory was not damaged. Nixon In Warning To Party Leaders Says G.O.P. Trails In Race For House WASHINGTON (INS) — Vice President Nixon Is informing party leaders that Republicans today are behind in the race to win the next house but will retain control of the senate in the November election®. Returning from a campaign tour of the midwest, the vice president reported to GOP headquarters that an aggressive party organization across the nation can win the house easily and increase its control of the senate. The number one GOP problem in this campaign, Nixon said, is to convince the voters they nuist elect a Republican congress to carry out President Eisenhower's program. He added the party must close its rank® against Internal division and get out the Eisenhower vote. The vice president predicted the GOP will gain senate seats from the Democrats in Ohio, Illinois, lowa and Colorado. He also defied some forecasts by declaring inspired RepuiyHcam efforts can also bring GOP senate victories in New Jersey, Kentucky and Minnesota. Nixon reported GOP chances for ■senate victories in Mlontana and Wyoming a® "even” and predicted a ‘‘dark horse” Republican winner tn New Mexico where GOP Governor Edwin L. Meohem i« running against Sen. OMnton W. Anderson, former Democratic secretary of agriculture. Nixon told party chieftain® that President Eisenhower's popularity to e» great today as It was and may even be greater Chan when he won a landslide victory in the 1962 presidential election. To win this year. Nixon reported, the GOP must “equate" the popularity of the party with that of Ike. If they do K. he added, the Republicans wiki win next Novemlier. And he nuikl tire re Is time left to achieve thto goal. f In effect, Nixon declared, the party rmwt convince the electorate that Ike and' Ifl*e Republican candidates for Che eenate and bouse are one team-'-tihat If the voter like* Ike. lie must support the GOP candidate; and If lie doesn’t like Ike, he should vote for the Democratic candidate. The vice president sounded one (Continued on Page Eight) I

Demand Release Os American Brothers U. S. Makes Demand On Red Countries WASHINGTON (INS) — The U. S. demanded today that Hungary and Poland release Noel and Herman Field, American brothers ; who have been missing- since 1949. The U. S. demand, made in notes to Budapest and Warsaw, was based on information received i ,from former Polish deputy secret ! police chief Josef Swiatlo, whose defection to the West was dis- , closed today. The note to Hungary accused the Communist government also of holding Noel’s wife, Herta, Who disappeared several months after her husband vanished behind the Iron Curtain. y The state department announced that Swiatlo told American intelligence officials he Interviewed both Noel and Herta Field in Budapest, where they had been sent from Czechoslovakia. Swiatlo also disclosed that he personally had arrested Hermann - Field at the Warsaw' airport prior 'f tft his scheduled departure for Prague where he expected to meet his sister-in-law. The former secret police offi- ! cial said the Polish government arrested Hermann Field on Aug. 22, 1949, because he would be im- , plicated in a treason trial in Buda- > pest in which his brother and eU- ’ ter - in - law w'ere principal witnesses. Swiatlo said be has knowledge that Hermann Field is still held a prisoner at Miedzeszyn, Poland, a suburb of Warsaw. It is not known however, where Noel and Herta are being held or if they are still alive. x British Laborites Favor Rearmament Adopt Resolution On German Rearmament. ■ SCARBOROUGH, England (INS) —Former British prime -minister Clement Alt lee’« resolution favoring West German rearmament was approved by a narrow margin today at the Labor party’s annual conference. The resolution, bitterly opposed by the left-wing faction of Aneurln Bevan. won by a majority of only 248.000 votes. The 1,279 delegatee attending the conference represent 6.983,822 votes. The victory for the Attlee forces cam* shortly after former chancellor of the exchequer, Hugh Galtshell defeated Bevan for party treasurer. GalhskeU’s margin over Bevan, who thus was left without a seat on the policy-making national executive committee, and over a third candidate. James McGowan, was 'better than two to one. Hie victory —by approximately 4.338,000 to 1.750,000 — means the Lal>or party now formally regards Gaitskell as its future leader and potential successor to Attlee. Amid an uproar of cheers and booing during debate on the rearmament resolution Labortte MP Desmond Donnelly warned the conference that a negative attitude would result in Germany going ahead with armaments without combnolrs. He then pointed a,finger directly at Bevan and' said: . "Some people will bear a heavy responsibility to history.” Chairman Wilfred Burke was unable to control the pendemonlum and Donnelly reluctantly left the rostrum. Bevan attempted to Intervene whereupon transport worker boas Arthur Deakln shouted violently: "you shut up.” Attlee-lt* Herbert Morrison then mounted' the rostrum for the official windup of the speech in favor of the resolution. The foundry workers resolution opposing rearmament was defeated—'by 371,000 votes. The vote • (Continued on Par* Eight)

Ridgway Says Larger Armed Forces Needed More Armed Forces Needed In Event Os Atomic War DENVER, (INS) — Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway, army chief of staff, said today that we would probably have to have greater armed forces than at present in atomic war, and sharply rapped those who called for heavier concentration on atomic weapons to replace ground forces. The army chief made the statement after a conference at the White House with President Eisenhower and army secretary Robert T. Stevens on a wide range of army problems. Warning against easy solutions to this country’s military problems based upon a shift on emphasis from ground forces to air and atomic power, he declared: "The stakes In the next world 1 war are survival, and it’s not 1 something you can play with. The whole survival of our - people os 1 an independent nation may he at. stake.” . The general said there are fnany factors involved which bach up the probability that aa atomic war would require more manpower, instead of less. He noted that “entire units” could b# wiped out by an atomic or hydrogen bomb, and said we would have to have reserve forces ready to replace such mass casualties. jpf 7 Stevens indicated the pentagon may soon announce an increase in the army's combat strength, hut declined to go into detail on the matter. Both Kldgway aim Stevens declined to say whether they believed the United States should help defend Quemoy if the' Chinese Communists launch an attack against the Nationalist-held island. Ridgway said the chiefs of staff have made their recommendations on Quemoy to President Elsenhower, but declined to say what these j recommendations were or wheth- ' er they are being followed. The army chief of staff said he has "no patience” with any per i tons who advocate easy solutions 1 to our military problems which would involve sharp shifts in defense policy. The summer White House stressed that there was no emergency | (Continued on Pace Eight) Red Torture Orgy In ; Guatemala Described j House Probers Hear * Os Torture, Murder WASHINGTON (INS)—A Com- I muni-st orgy at torture-andi murder hi Guatemala shortly before loot June's successful antl-Red upris- I lag woe described to house liwea- I tlgatorw today. Raui Midence, a member of the Guatemalan Liberation array, testified that 99 coses Involving torture and murder have been prepared against the ousted Red' officiate. Mldewe, who appeared before 1 the house croup studying Com- 1 mu.nj st aggression, said that Com- 1 muntot police touched off the wave of butchery in an effort to obtain * information and frighten the people of Guatemala. I He salr ears were cut off, cheeks I slashed,, tongues cut out and vita! organs removed. Mldence said doc- I tors were In and ou!t of the prisons 1 constantly "examining boys who had become deranged by the tor- < tune.” 1 Thfe witness said bodies of 300 * anti-OatnmutU*U> have been ex- 3 burned—all of them shot or tortured. Another 100 persons known ’ to be connected with the success- 1 ful revolution last summer are ettlil I missing. \ '

Ike Administration Is Scored By AFL Declares Economy Is In Recession LOS ANGELES (INS) — More than 700 top officiate of the American Federation of Labor began streaming home today from (heir Loe Angeles convention, where they re-elected' all their officers, condemned the GOP administration and planted huge expaaeto# The eight-day parley cum* tote close Monday after George Meany was chosen without opposition to •hi® third term as general president of the 1 Q,2ooi,oOtVmeml>er on gareizatiom. The 73rd annpal meeting selected Seattle, Wash,, for Its 1956 gathering. Chicago already had been set «» the 1955 convention site. The delegates adopted a long list of reeolutioms. headed by one declaring America’s economy is In a recession and urging l the federal government to encourage new economic activity. The reeoltuion said that secretary of labor James Mitchell had strongly minimized the nation’s present economic situation. Mitchell addressed tihe convention last Monday and accused the AFL of being unfair to the administration. Meany shot back by accusing Mitchell of poor manners white the guest of the federation. Mitchell toM the convention that 1*54 has awn “the mtldewt contraction we have ever had in any postwar period.” But tihe AFL resolution warned that “the 19$+ economic recession shows no sign of abandoning its grip on our economy." Meany last week also condemned Republicans for giving out fancy slogans, but doing little actually to combat what he called the unemptiyimertt problem now facing America. President Eisenhower addressed the convention last Friday and was warmly welcomed, despite the underlying hostility, after he prom-tsed-the would agate try to get congress to remove the so-called unio nr busting provisions of the TafltHartley law. The delegatee napped* Sen. Joseph R. McCarthy’s Communist Investigations tyy drawing a resolution accusing him of “braeendy flouting traditional democratic procedures" and by catting for a code of ethic* for congressional protiee. In other resolutions, the convention adopted a 10-point program to Improve the nation's economy, including recommendations for increased public housing, reduction of taxes on low-income groups, more public work® projects, broader social benefits and higher wages. StIH other resolutions demanded enactment of flair employment practices legislation and urged the government to launch full rearmament to defeat Red aggression and subversion. Gasoline Prices In Decatur Increased Three-Cent Boost .In Price Os Gas Gasoline prices in Decatur advanced at most gasoline filling stations today. The price rise was in line with the Increase in almost ail of the Fort Wayne area. New prices prevailing in Decatur today were: Regular gasoline, 26.9 cents per gallon, compared with the former price of 23.9 cents. High-test gasoline, 29.4 cents per gallon compared With a previous price of 27.9 centa. Local stations which normally sell gasoline one cent below the general price are reported to he selling the regular gasoline at 25.9 centa. _ Similar risea in retail prices were announced today In Fort Wayne and other neighboring cities where the lower price had prevailed for several months.

Price Five Cents

German Leader Urges Prompt , Restoration r • Says West Germany i » Has Earned Right / To Sovereignty J Jte'VvOND<& (INS) — Chancellor t’ Roared! Adenauer called today for f prompt restoration, of Wert Ger- > man sovereignty on the $ opening • day of the mine-power London coh- • ference. A German delegation informant ’ said that Adenauer emphasized in 1 a separate afternoon meeting with 1 the Big Three western foreign 1 ministers that the Bonn federal republic had earned) tt» right to - sovereignty and must not be denied It any longer. Adenauer indicated he felt sovereignty should be reetored even before details ore worked out on German rearmament and West Germany’s inclusion in the Allied , security system. U. S. secretary of state John . Foster Dulles and British foreign , secretary Anthony Eden are un- . deretood to have supported the . German leader’s appeal. - „ French premier Pierre MeodesFrance supported, Ift principal, ret, storation of sovereignty. But to of* , flrial French quarters it waft said r the premier took the position that sovereignty must not become efj f active until the rearmament issue Is settled, s In the opening morning session of all nine delegation's Italy e-ail-i ed for German rearmament cony trol to be exerted by the North y Atlantic treaty organization, i- This move by Italian foreign g Minister Gaetano Martino clashed with the French w*«h that a rei armed Germany be controlled s through a revised 1948 Brussels i- defense pact to Include Germany - and Italy. r The first hour-long meeting bes fore lunch of the nine powers was • described as marked by a friendly aud cooperative atmosphere, how- - ever. 1 The historic nine-nation parley ' was called to find an alternative r <m the German rearmament and restoration of sovereignty prob- | leme caused by French rejection of the European defense community treaty. British foreign secretary Anthony Eden, named chairman of | the conference, told the delegatee l that allied "future unity and perhaps the survival of the free world depend on the outcome of our deliberations.” Martino make his move for NATO control over German forces following Eden’s opening speech and French Premier Pierre Mau-des-France's explanation of hie plan. The French plan calls for stoiul- 1 taneous West German entry into NATO and a eevenmotion Brussels pact. But most controls would be under the Brussels pact. The delegatee are trying to get agreement to principle on some basic Issues, hut there can only be provisional developments since the NATO council will meet next month for further decisions. to the morning session Adenauer repeated assurances that Germany to prepared to accept the same non-dtscrimdnatory controls that would have been applied to the now-dead EDO, if Bonn regained Its sovereignty. Me ndee-France told reporters later he was not prepared to agree to restoration of Gorman sovereignty until the rearmament problem was settled. The United States, Britain and Germany want a quick declaration of sovereignty. The French premier, however, expressed confidence agreement would- be reached: at London and said Eden Indicated British wlllIngness to cooperate mors closely with her European oUtea British refusal to Join the supranational EDC plan was a main reason for French rejection of that tour-year-old idee. Monde*-France said he hoped (Continued on Page Five)