Decatur Daily Democrat, Volume 43, Number 207, Decatur, Adams County, 1 September 1945 — Page 1

111. No 207.

SIGN JAP SURRENDER TERMS TONIGHT

| Ho Demand In * Dollars To Pay . S jjrlend-Lease "seek Commitments I Os II SMontic Charter ;| e „. IJ— Btj Sept ’ * r ’ p! ' _ ' riip I? aaMßßates will not demand dol!5 IwsSßH' i,s for ,ent *‘' ease ail ' I,ut agfraV commitment' from its Il AWifejjaSSt** >s no(l 10 cai,, ’y out l|,e F • ‘'Onine Objectives of the .Vian'll flfesLnt Truman and Smre'at y 7* James T. Byrnes have 1 tjSjpßle i' l' lai ” , “ at winning :<£ ’■■■■P involves far more han Z ISrfe 11 '' 11 ' ai ‘* Btlm President ret, rr< .1 in <■ 'r'* g lend lease obligations to |H llill l,< ” mean that the accounts be :;#';it*B^>’’."Ot' ell. said interpi etat ion of "J J| obligations outrialit was J £g|gKted. While it IS true that * '*^^B^B a ' lll< ' lllS W ’" 111)1 ' ,e such a huge they I benefits would. .. . emphasized this last S ni’htKien he was asked whether ol ' ’be President re- : S9pa<; to be assumed that <• . “JsSK-lease debts are to be canitii ■ cmmES ... f 'sJUEe's no justification for that assuilteoii." lie said. “ . . . nothing be read into the lendset forth factors to Im* iMMfe ll *” connection with the j: |||||Knis. Thom* set I lemon I s .ire wHS I ' O determination. || jaglMpurpose of lend-leaso was S :o MM|h e war and win tile pern e U iafiS^Bettlenient of bmd lease we y! dM seeking paper contract f I which will not be : atiwlSe to our debtors. But that. MRHbt mean that there are no ioHlße settlements to be negoe.L| JMfee master lend-lease agreeof lend-lease aid to return to the UnitIBEes such articles not “conor destroyed” as may by the President use to this country. .Tufconl.v other reference to ootI SflHß* *** article seven which 0 HSBEg ll! ! ' le t, ’ l '" ls °* settlement ■ 1 iSHSI 8111,1 as 11 "' t 0 burden com:i‘promote better econo- * ®t’i° ns throughout the world. It sayß the settlements shall also rs '«tS9l fIH i o '”’ ac, i°” !| y the rl '«SBB States and recipients of Li' : to: BEpand production, employPage 6, Column 8) <9e Prepares For ‘ Day Holiday Suspend Business sere Next Monday tfSIK — |Io £ajfcwfe’ir residents were ready tothe observance of the La“T IW holiday on Monday. . ■■■g&lgffife'l business will cease, indusQ ■-i-liiants will be idle, ’he bank, -- and public offices will 0 The Daily Democrat will . published. will not be any session of ns circuit court. Residents to visit the lakes or enjoy of the summer holidays or visiting friends. :hools will open Tuesday and the meetings of the lommissioners and county vill start off in the mornrhat promises to be a very sion. The city council will esday evening. — —o — 3 RAT THERMOMETER PERATURE READING m 72 . m. * - 76 . m __ 78 WEATHER >day, tonight and Sunday, hundershowers ending exutheast early this foreioler today and tonight, iheast and extreme south Diminishing west-to-north-ids today.

DECATUR DAILY DEMOCRAT

Say Many Americans Died In Jap Prisons Brutal Treatment Is Given To Prisoners Aboard Hospital Ship Benevolence, Tokyo Bay, Sept. I—(UP)1 —(UP) —An American doctor said today that at least 23,000 of the 30,000 American troops in the Far East at the outbreak of war have died, most of them in Japanese prison camps from brutality, neglect and sadistic "medical experiments.'’ The physician. Dr. Mack Leonard Gottlieb of New York City, said he was unable to estimate how many additional thousands of soldiers, sailors, marines and airmen who arrived in the Pacific later also had' died in enemy prison camps. Dr. Gottlieb was captured by the Japanese in Guam in December 1941 and spent the remainder of the Pacific war in prison cam ps. Dr. Harold W. Kesc.hner of New York City, captured at Bataan, placed the death toll in the Philippines alone at 5,000 men. Both he and Dr. Gottlieb were liberated from camps near Tokyo by American occupation forces. Dr. Gottlieb said American airmen got “special treatment,” first from civilians who beat them when they landed by parachute, and later from officials who tortured them for information. One B-29 pilot was dragged behind a motorcycle through streets of a Japanese town by civilians, then tied to the village flagpole and foully abused by men ami women before the military “rescued” him, Dr. Gottlieb said. He charged that other fliers were beaten, had splinters forced beneath their fingernails and were forced to kneel for hours under questioning at an inquisition center known as the “black hole of Japan” near Tokyo. Fliers were not regarded as military prisoners and their capture was not recorded, Dr. Gottlieb said. Both Drs. Gottlieb and Keschner charged the chief medical officers of the Shinagawa hospital—a lieutenant, later .captain, named Tokuda—with practicing impossible medical experiments on Allied war prisoners there. The Shinagawa camp commander, they said, sometimes ordered barbaric burning of prisoners on the grounds that superstition held (Turn To Page 6. Column 4) O Indiana Solon Says Draft Not Needed Nearly Two Million Men Now Available Washington, Sept. 1 (UP) Rep. Forest A. Harness, R., Ind., said today that the war department has informed him that there are 1,800,000 troops in this country who could be sent overseas as replacements. This convinces him, he said, that “we could relieve every man who has seen considerable foreign service and still stop the draft.” Meanwhile, the navy lowered its critical point score for release of naval reserve aviators to 44 after launching a recruiting drive for men 17 to 30 in an effort to cuf down on draft needs. The navy announced plans to release 8,200 doctors in the next year and the army said it will release 13,000 doctors, 3,500 dentists and 25,000 nurses by the end of this year. Harness, a member of the house military affairs committee, emphasized that he believes men who have had overseas service of any consequence should be returned home at once. “If continuing the draft is the only way to relieve men abroad, then I favor extending it,” he said. “However, I don’t think that is necessary. I think it could be halted and perhaps ended.” He quoted the following figures, furnished him by the war department, in proof of his argument: 1,000,000 men now in training here to be shipped overseas; 400,000 men in operational jobs in this country who can trade places with men abroad; 400,000 limited (Turn To Page 6, Column 6)

Jap Defenses Show Invasion Costly Affair Invasion Os Japan Would Have Been Terrific Struggle By Frank H. Bartholomew Yokosuka Naval Base, Sept. 1 — (UP) —-Examination of fortifications in the Yokosuka area indicated today that the Allied invasion of Japan—reputedly scheduled for Nov. I—would1 —would have been one of the bloodiest struggles in history. Yokosuka nestles inside Tokyo Bay. To have landed here the American fleet would have had first to blast its way through the narrow Uraga Strait. Then the ships and landing parties would have faced massed guns as powerful as any fortifications that I saw either on Okinawa or Luzon. 1 drove along the YokosukaYokohama highway today and saw guns and dug-in positions which would have made the march to Tokyo an inch-ty-inch struggle all the way. The road between Yokosuka and Yokohama, which would have been the probable path to Tokyo for any American forces landing in the Sagami Bay area, runs a gantlet of newly constructed caves which are connected by tunnels. Where the terrain permitted, the tunnel entrances were no more than 50 feet apart. In addition to the caves, I saw countless revetments for machine guns and mortars. The caves begin right inside Yokosuka city limits, immediately outside the naval yard. Many were built of debris and rubble, while others were bored deeply into convenient embankments and cliffs lining the highway. The caves were obviously built to serve both as air raid shelters and ambush points. They were almost exact duplicates of caves which I have seen on Okinawa, Luzon, and other Pacific fronts. The highway at many points split into left and right hand traffic lanes which passed through separate tunnels. In such cases, one tunnel usually was blocked off to traffic. We discovered the unused tunnel almost always contained a concealed ammunition 1 noticed that the populace reactdump. Riding northward to Yokohama ed differently. Higher ranking Japanese army and navy officers were austere. Junior officers and enlisted men smiled and many saluted. Most of the women appeared grimly bitter, almost to the point of obvious hatred. They can be broken down into (Turn To Page 6, Column 6) o Leg Is Fractured In Plant Accident Paul Lillich Hurt At Krick-Tyndall Paul Lillich, 45, living on South Winchester street extended, a foreman at the Krick-Tyndall Tilo plant, suffered a fractured right leg while working on a kiln in the plant yard Friday afternoon. A large steel band around the crown of the kiln was being removed, when the band snapped and struck Mr. Lillich on the leg. The fracture was between the ankle and knee. The kiln crown was being removed and the loose brick started to fall. No one was in the kiln at the time. Fellow workers eaw Mr, Lillich’e predicament and scaled the kiln to give him a helping hand. He was removed to the Adams county memorial hospital. The local tile manufacturing plant which operated throughout the war with a reduced force of men, has a large backlog of orders for current production. Daniel H. Tyndall, plant manager, said the mill needed at least 50 men. The company ma n u factures drain tile for farm and highway drainage and has one of the most modern plants of its kind in this section of the country.

ONLY DAILY NEWSPAPER IN ADAMS COUNTY

Decatur, Indiana, Satur day, September 1, 1945

Nimitz Comes Aboard Flagship M -■ ' iiP3 || - p FLEET ADM. CHESTER W. NIMITZ. left, conimandei-in-chief of tlu f Pacific Fleet and Pacific ocean area anil the United States representative for the surrender document signing, is welcomed aboard the U. S. S. South Dakota by Adm. William F. Halsey, commander of the Third Fleet. The U. S. S. South Dakota is the flagship for Nimitz during the formal surrender ceremonies. This is an official I nited States radiophoto.

Plan Examination For Welfare Post State Examination Within Three Weeks The Indiana state personnel division today announced that the merit system examination for filling the position of county director of the Adams county welfare department will be held within the next three weeks. The appointtee will succeed Mrs. Faye Smith Knapp, who resigned effective August 20, and at the request of the directors of the county board, agreed to serve until a successor was named. The state board also listed the necessary qualifications for the post. They are: To be qualified to take the examination an applicant must be graduated from an accredited college or university and must have, had three years out of the last 12 of full time successful paid experience in welfare work, education, public health, the public service, business administration or a profession, of which at least one year must have been in welfare work or in a responsible supervisory or administrative capacity in the other fields mentioned. One additional year of acceptable experience may be substituted for each year of the college training required. One year of graduate training in social work may he substituted for each year of the required general experience but not. for the one year of the responsible supervisory or administrative experience. The state welfare act requires that in certifying names to the county welfare board the state personnel division shall give preference to those persons who have iiad two years' residence in Adams county. The director is responsible for the over-all administration of the county department of public welfare. He supervises a staff of four professional and clerical employes, interprets the welfare program to the public and correlates the department services with the work of other agencies. The sal(Turn To Pag-e 6. Column 7) Light Cruiser Reno Survives Torpedo Hit Washington, Sept. I—(UP)—The light cruiser Reno, named for Nevada's divorce capital, was towed 1,500 miles to an advance base after surviving a torpedo hit in the Philippine sea last November, the navy said today. The explosion, which left the Reno's engines powerless and her decks awash, killed four men and 41 were reported missing. Next of kin have been notified.

Seaplane Tender Is Hit By Plane, 35 Die Washington, Sept. 1— (UP) — Thirty-five mhi were killed and 21 wounded aboard the seaplane tender Curtiea when she was hit by a Japanese suicide plane carrying a 1,000-pound bom') at Okinawa in June, the navy announced today. The big lionib rammed clear through to the centerline of the Curtiss, exploding directly over a bomb sotorage magazine. Miraculously. the magazine did not explode. Compensation Bill Opposition Grows Drastic Amendment Likely In Committee Washington, Sept. 1— (I'P) - Prospects that President Truman’s proposed $25-a-week unemployment compensation bill would emerge from committee without drastic amendment wore dimmer today. This was the picture as the social security board reported that nearly 600,000 persons filed initial claims for jobless pay in the week ended Aug. 25- an all-time record since the program in 1935. Increasingly critical members of both the House Ways and’Means committee and the Senate Finance committee are* expected to write in stringent restrictions, possibly doing away entirely with the $25 lop urged by the President, before the hill is sent to file two Houses for action. Senate committee opposition, bolstered by a string of state government witnesses yesterday who (Were almost unanimously opposed Ito the bill, is expected to center on the $25 for 26 weeks provision. Under the bill it would be established as a national standard, with 4he federal government making up the difference in cases where state compensation is lower. Many committee members consider the $25 figure too high. They may get. behind an alternative, and still informal suggestion, offered by Sen. Arthur H. Vandeberg, R , Mich., which would provide federal funds to extend the duration of state benefi's while retaining the (Turn To Page 6. Column 6) Long Term Credit Granted To France Paris, Sept. I—>(UP)—France announced last night that the United States has granted her $650,000,000 long term credit. Gen. Charles D-s Gaulle told an enthusiastic cabinet the new credit “will enable France to meet the termination of lend-lease and assure economic recovery.”

Surrender Ceremony To Be Broadcast-Truman Will Speak To Nation

Broadcast On Air At 8:30 Tonight; Truman's V-J Day Address To Follow Washington, Sept. 1— (UP) — The White House announced today that the Japanese surrender ceremonies aboard the battleship Missouri off Tokyo will go on the air at 8:30 p. nt. CWT tonight (10:30 a. tn., Sept. 2. Tokyo time.) President Truman will make his brief V-J Day radio address sometime after 8:30 p. m., White House press secretary Charles G. Ross said. Ross said the president would be on hand in the White House I broadcasting room from’ 8:30 on. “ready to speak when the signal comes.” Rosh said he could not say yet what day would he designated officially as V-J day, but indicationwere it would be tomorrow'. The designation of V-J day will have no legal significance aud will not Imark the official cessation of hostilities, which will be proclaimed later. V-J day merely will commemorate the signing of the surrender by Japan Ross also revealed that Mr. Truman will speak again tomorrow at 8:15 p. m., CWT during a two-hour armed forces radio service broadcast. The president's Sunday night address will be a speech to the troops," Ross said. Arrangements for tonight's surrender ceremony broadcast, combining the battleship cerempny and President Truman's eight or nine minute V-J proclamation, | were announced by Ross after | the White House received a message from Gen. - Douglas MacArthur's headquarters in Tokyo. The message said the surrender ceremonies would “go on the air at 19:30 a. m. on the second” —8:30 p. m., CWT tonight. Just how long the ceremony will be we don't know yet,” Ross said “At the completion of the ceremony the president will go on the air.” Once the president has made his V-J Day proclamation, radio networks will be switched back to Tokyo Bay for brief talks by MacArthur and fleet Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, U. S. Pacific naval commander. Ross said. The armed forces radio program tomorrow' night will be the first armed forces show carried on commercial networks, Ross said. It will be a two-hour program beginning at 8 p. nt., CWT. Mr. Truman's talk to U. S. troops will be brief. Ross added. Ross was unable to say what the exact nature of the surrender ceremony broadcast from the battleship Missouri would be. The message from Tokyo referr(Turn To Page 6, Column 2) Death Car Driver Will Face Charges Driving Without Operator License Police officer Robert Hill today stated that he would sign an affidavit charging Ralph Vannette, 23, of the Homewood addition, with driving without an operator's license on the night of August 25, when the Vannette auto struck Charles Longenberger at the corner of Jackson and N. Second sts. Mr. Longenberger, 84, died a few minutes later from the impact of the car. A verdic eof accidental death was pronounced by Robert Zwck, county coroner. Prosecuting attorney G. Remy Bierly and local police officers have conducted an investigation of the case. Vannette told police that he had lost hie original license and was operating on a 15-day permit from Ohio. The affidavit will be filed in the Adams circuit court, it was indicated by police officers.

Reconversion Chief Backs Work Measure Full Employment, Rising Standard Os Living Vital Washington, Sept. Sejt. 1 (UP) Reconversion chief John W: Snyder told Senators today that peace “will not hast long and will not be worth much" unless all who are able and willing to work can -hare its opportunities through full employment and a rising standard of living. Snyder testified before the Senate banking committee as it prepared to wind up open hearings on the jobs-for-all-bill designed to set up machinery for government planning against unemployment. Other witnesses scheduled before the committee goes into executive session were Sen. Sheridan Downey. D., Calif., and federal works administrator Philip B. Fleming. Snyder said the depression of the ‘3o’s cost the nation $300,000,000,000 in goods and service that “we could have produced but did not due to economic stagnation." "Thus is more than the cost of the war.” he said. "I feel certain ’hat it is not necessary to suffer another catastrophic depression to awaken us to the need of establishing a mechanism for a systematic attack on economic stability.” Snyder stressed that the nation "clearly must rely on jolts in private business for the overwhelming majority of job opportunities and therefore must direct its policies so that they will promote expansion of private business." In its executive session the committee will study thousands of words of testimony presented by more than 5 witnesses in the past, two Weeks. Chairman Robert F. Wagner, D, (Turn To Page 6, Column 3) May Pul Atomic Bomb Under World Control Stettinius Reveals U. S. Studies Plan London, Sept. 1 — (UP) —The United States is considering a proposal Io place the atomic bomb in the hands of the world security council to enforce permanent peace, former secretary of state Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., revealed today. Stettinius, now chief American delegate on the executive committee of the United Nations preparatory commission, admitted at a press conference that control of the atomic weapon might be transferred from tile United States and Britain to the world police organization. A decision on that question, he said, now is being studied by both the executive and legislative branches of the government in Washington. (There was no immediate elaboration of Stettinius' remarks, which appeared to contradict official American and British statements that the atomic bomb would remain an Anglo-American secret for the present, at least.) Stettinius, who arrived in London last night, said that development of the atomic bomb had made the speedy creation of a world peace organization "more necessary than ever." He gave no specific details, however, on the progress of the work being done by the preparatory commission to get the United Nations organization into operation.

Price Four Cents.

Japanese To Sign Surrender Terms Aboard Battleship Missouri Tonight Tokyo, Sept. I—(UP)—Representatives of Emperor Hirohito, tile Japanese government and the imperial general staff will sign Allied surrender terms aboard the battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay between 9 and 9:30 a. m. tomorrow (7 and 7:30 p. in. CWT today. I 'l'he entire surrender ceremony formalizing Japan's first defeat in modern history will last only about a half hour. The tentative program includes speeches by Gen. Douglas MacArthur, supremo Mlied occupation commander, aud Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, commander of the Pacific fleet. Nimitz will sign the surrender as representative of President Truman. A Japanese foreign offieo spokesman told newsmen that Premier Prince Naruhiko HigashiKuui. cousin of Hirohito and uncle of tile empress, would be the principal signer for Japan. Emperor Hirohito himself probably will announce the signing of the surrender terms lo the Japanese people in a proclamation. Drenching rain was threatening to put a damper on the surrender ceremony, but navy crews were making the 53,000-ton Missouri, flagship of Admiral William F. Halsey of third fleet fame, spit: and span for the historic occasion. Halsey and Nimitz conferred with MacArthur at itis Yokohama headquarters today on details of the surrender and progress of the occupation. It was the first meeting of the “big three” of the American Pacific command since Ute occupation began Thursday. Evett as they met, Ihe main ‘ strength of Lt. Gen. Robert L. I Eit helberger s eighth army was | going ashore on the southern api proaches of Tokyo from hundreds j of landing craft. The veteran troops took over Yokohama from a handful of airI borne troops and reinforced other ' American units at Yokosuka and ' Tati-yama, (he latter al Hit* south- | east entrance to Tokyo Bay. Radio Tokyo said American : troops also expanded their foot- ; hold on the east shore of the bay to nearly 30 miles with an airborne landing at Kisarazu, 15 miles across the bay from Yokohama. A Japanese foreign offieo spokesman disclosed that Premier 1 Prim e Naruhiko Higashi Kuni, j cousin of Emperor Hirohito and uncle of the empress, will sign the final surrender articles for Japan. Representatives of the Japaneso army and navy also will sign for J a pa n. MacArthur will sign the docu- « inent as supreme Allied oecitpalion commander. Nimitz will sign as the representative of President. .Truman. Representatives .of Britain. Russia. France, Australia and the Netherlands either had arrived for the ceremony or were due within the next few honrs. Tile text of the surrender docu- | ment has not been revealed, but I it was presumed to follow closely I the terms outlined In the Potsdam (Turn To Page 6. Column 3) Drive On Speeders Continues In City The police drive against speedjers resulted in the arrest of Nile j Lough. 19, last Thursday. He was Icharged with exceeding the speed limit on South Second and Winchester streets and was arrested by Robert Hill, police officer. Lough pleaded guilty to the charge in mayor's court this morning and was fined $1 and costs, amounting to sll, by Mayor John B. Stults. Mayor Stults also gave a word of warning to speeders that his police officers would apprehend the guilty and that charges would be filed against them.